GHS Elderly follow-up survey

Notes for use with dataset

1 The datafile efuarch.zip is a zipped SPSS portable file containing 501 variables and 1426 cases as follows

1001 full interviews46 proxy interviews5 partial interviews

90 non-contacts139 refusals23 issued to the interviewer but who had died

114 not issued, as death notified before fieldwork by NHSCR8 not issued, as name and address information was corrupted

2 Of the original 1994 GHS sample of people aged 65 and over, all those in households where there was someone aged 85 and over, and one half of all others, were selected for follow-up. Data should therefore be re-weighted by the variable ‘wt’ to compensate for this.

3 The datafile contains variables from the original GHS interview, as well as from the follow-up (EFU). Where they are the same, GHS variables have been renamed to correspond to the EFU equivalent and given the prefix ‘x’. Thus ‘a03’ is the EFU variable relating to longstanding illness, and the GHS variable ‘illness’ has been renamed ‘xa03’.

4 Variables with the suffix m1 to mn are multiple response variables.

5 Variables beginning ‘verb’ are verbatim answer strings, most of which have not yet been coded. The large number in section G have been put together for convenience.

6 Date variables have been grouped together at the end of the datafile.

7 Date of death (ddate) is shown for all those notified to SSD by NHSCR by the end of March 1998 (not all deaths to end March). Date of death has been imputed for one individual from information given by his widow - we had no surname for him and he could not therefore be traced at NHSCR. The 22 remaining deaths notified to us by interviewers were all subsequently confirmed by NHSCR and a date supplied. The deaths identified may not, however, be comprehensive - we might not know if people we were unable to trace on NHSCR and who were non-contacts at follow up were still alive or not.

8 The variable ‘rescare’ is code 1 if the respondent’s last known address was a nursing home or similar, regardless of whether or not they were interviewed or were still alive.

Eileen GoddardONS Social Survey Division12 May 1998

BN1425 March/April 1997

GHS elderly follow-up survey

Interviewer instructions

Quick reference sheet

Survey number 1425

Stage 99

Field Dates March quotas: 01/03/97 - 31/03/97April quotas: 01/04/97 - 30/04/97

Days allowed Try to complete 3/4 per day

Transmission By 12 noon each Monday. Update interview status and transmit even if no serial numbers are completed.

Study time Pre-briefing - 2 hours

Post-briefing - 2 hours

Admin. time Variable - see section 14

Clerical time 10 mins per co-operating household10 mins for non-response

Contents

1 Background to the survey 12 The sample 23 Fact sheets and labels 24 Advance letters and purpose leaflets 25 Survey period and field dates 36 Planning your work 37 Dealing with movers 48 Non-contacts and refusals 49 Proxy interviews 510 Structure of the interview 511 Introducing the survey 612 Notes on the questions 7

Household information 7Section A: Health state 9Section B: EuroQol9Section C: Sight, hearing and mental state 9Section D: Mobility and personal care 10Section E: Getting out 11Section F: Domestic activities 11Section F: Informal care 11Section G: Use of services 11Section H: Smoking and drinking 13Section I: Income -Section J: Moving home -

13 The pen picture 1514 Claims 15

1 Background to the survey

The survey is being carried out on behalf of the Department of Health. Every few years they sponsor a set of questions on the GHS which are addressed specifically to people aged 65 and over. These provide a great deal of information about elderly people's health, the ease or difficulty with which they cope with living at home, and about their use of health and personal social services.

What the GHS questions do not give, however, is any information about how an individual's health state changes over time. It is common knowledge that life expectancy is increasing - people alive now can expect to live several years longer, on average, than those of their parents' generation. but what does this mean in terms of their health? The pessimistic view is that the aging of the population will mean that there will be many more elderly people around with chronic physical and mental problems as medical advances enable increasing proportions of unfit people to survive. Optimists, on the other hand, maintain that medical advances and the adoption of healthier lifestyles will mean that ill-health is compressed into an increasingly short period before death. What actually happens will be more complex than either of these extreme views, but in order to plan for future health care provision, DH and the NHS have to predict what changes to the health of the elderly are most likely to happen, and are thinking about a long term research programme to provide them with the information they need.

Comparing successive rounds of the GHS and the Health Survey for England throws some light on this, but is not nearly as powerful as an approach which looks at changes in health state at the individual level.

There are various ways in which this could be done. The most comprehensive (and most expensive) would be to set up a free-standing cohort study of the elderly, interviewing them every few years for the rest of their lives, following them into residential care, and so on. A cheaper alternative would be to follow up successive rounds of GHS or Health Survey respondents. Many of the methodological issues will be the same whichever approach is decided on.

This follow up of GHS respondents is a large scale pilot which will collect usable data and will allow us to assess the following methodological problems:

1 We will be collecting data on changes in health and mobility since we interviewed them last time: can we build up a health event history which will enable us to predict future need for medical services, for example.

2 What is the best follow-up interval? We need it to be long enough for changes to have happened, but not so long that respondents will have forgotten them.

3 Can people recall when health events happen? What kinds of things do they remember, and what do they forget?

4 Are there any particular problems in getting response?

5 Is it feasible to follow up movers - particularly those who have moved into residential care?

6 Do the interview data give a good picture of the respondent's real condition?

2 The sample

This is a named sample of individuals who were aged 65 and over when interviewed on the GHS and who gave permission to recall.

The set sample is about 1400 individuals in about 1000 households. This is a sub-sample of eligible GHS respondents - we have included all those aged 85 and over, and about half of the rest. The sub-sampling has been done so that in households where two elderly people were interviewed on the GHS, you will again be interviewing both.

We have traced most of the sample on the NHSCR at Southport, and so far, they have notified us of about 100 deaths, which we have deleted from the sample. You may therefore have fewer addresses to visit than your invitation to work on the survey indicated. They are continuing to notify us of deaths on a weekly basis, and we will of course immediately pass on this information to you, but there will inevitably be a small number which we won't find out about before you call at the address: please bear in mind that these are likely to be recent deaths.

3 Fact sheets and labels

You will be given one factsheet for each serial number (ie household) and this will contain telephone number and names where known, as well as the address and grid reference. You will also have the household box information from the GHS interview.

You also have address labels for use in your notebook.

4 Advance letters and purpose leaflets

Advance letters have been sent out from HQ. You also have a supply of double sided purpose leaflets and printed leaflets with some results from the 1994 GHS data on the elderly.

5 Survey period and field dates

The survey runs from 1 March to 30 April. There will be no extensions to these dates. Work has been allocated in two monthly batches.

1st to the 31st March1st to the 30th April.

It is important that the March work is completed within the initial field period and not allowed to run on into April. If you are experiencing any problems such as ill-health, work pressures etc. you MUST keep the field office informed.

6 Planning your work

Interview length can be quite variable depending on whether you are interviewing one or two elderly people, and on the individual's state of health and speed in answering. On average we think you need to allow about half an hour per person.

Where you are interviewing a couple you will have to interview each person separately: concurrent interviewing is not possible.

There are no set rules on the number of days you can work due to the variability of quota size and degree of scatter in the addresses. As a guide you should try to complete 3/4 households a day though this will vary with availability and time spent tracing mover households or individuals.

You will have names, addresses and (for the majority) telephone numbers of the sampled individuals. In the first instance you should use the number provided and telephone to arrange an appointment.

Quota scatter varies significantly and if you find you have odd very far flung cases you should discuss with the field office whether it is economic for you to carry out an interview. Making appointments by phone should enable you to group your addresses to minimise mileage. However, as allocation was done by postcode sector it is possible that you may have odd addresses quite remote from the bulk of your work that are actually nearer to another interviewer. If in any doubt please telephone to discuss.

Where you give out cards or notes include the serial number and the field office telephone number (if you do not use your own) for calls to cancel, rearrange appointments or pass on messages. Your authority number would also be useful as informants often misread names, causing delays in passing on messages.

Informants did agree to recall at the original interview and should have received an advance letter before you call. However be prepared for cases where circumstances have changed and some or all of the sampled individuals have moved.

7 Dealing with movers

We estimate that about 100 of the sample will have moved from where they were living when we interviewed them before - about two thirds to another private household address, and the remainder into residential care.

It is important that we trace and follow up movers, because deteriorating health and mobility are a common reason for moving among this age group, so please try and get the respondent's new address. Failing that, at least try to find out whether the respondent has moved to another private household or into residential care.

• If the telephone number has stayed with the address and you speak to the new residents they may be able to give you tell you where the sampled individual has moved to. If you do not find anything out on the telephone you will need to try and obtain information when you are in the area.

• Neighbours may be able to give you reasons for the move, for example, if it was due to ill health, did they go to live with family or into care etc. We would like you to try and follow up the individuals personally wherever possible. Neighbours might be unwilling to pass on telephone numbers or an address to you directly but may pass on a letter from you. Include a copy of the advance letter and a note with the field office telephone number for them to phone. Use your own number if you prefer.

If you obtain the new address and it is within 30 miles of your home please follow them up yourself and try to obtain an interview. If you discover that the move is more than 30 miles from you, or think we may have another interviewer working nearer please return the serial number to us for reallocation. See Section 14 for details of how to do this and what information we need from you.

If the sampled individual has gone into residential care, we would still like you to try to interview them, and where you try to do this, we would like information on how easy or otherwise you found it. If cannot see the individual please try to obtain proxy information from another household member. [See Section 9 on proxy data]

8 Non-contacts and refusals

We particularly want to know if ill health is the reason for refusal or non-contact. Make full notes in the admin block.

9 Proxy interviews

If the respondent is in hospital, away, confused, or too ill to be interviewed you may take a proxy. We would like to assess which questions can reasonably be asked of proxies, so apart from the drinking section, we would like you to ask whatever you feel is appropriate, depending on who you are speaking to. Use the DK code for any questions that you don't ask because they are inappropriate, or which the proxy cannot answer.

If the sampled individual has moved into residential care, please try to interview them, but let us know about any difficulties you have in getting access. As with the rest of the sample, you may take a proxy if necessary. If no close friend or relative is available, please try to get a small amount of information from one of the care staff. Please find out when the respondent entered the home, and why they did so, and as much of the key information listed below as you can manage:

• A03-A05 (longstanding illness);• C07-C09 (mental state);• Section D (mobility and personal care);• Section E (getting out).

10 The structure of the interview

As well as information about the individual, we also need to know some characteristics which relate to the household. How much depends on whether or not the respondent is at the same address as previously, and whether or not the household composition has changed. Where there are no changes, we can take most of what we need from the GHS interview.

In cases where there is more than one respondent in the household, household characteristics only need to be collected from the first respondent.

Questions for individuals are divided into sections: concurrent interviewing is not possible.

Some of the questions will look familiar - many are GHS questions. In some cases we want to compare answers to the same questions at the two different points in time, in others, we are asking what has happened in between as well.

Opinion questions are marked with an asterisk [*].

Please make full use of the note facility (Ctrl-F4) if you want to explain or comment on an answer.

11 Introducing the survey

In the majority of cases your first contact with the household will be on the telephone. Informants should have recieved the advance letter but be prepared for it to have gone astray and for your call to come `out of the blue’. In these cases they may also not remember the original GHS interview immediately. Send extra copies of the letter and a leaflet if necessary.

You may need to reassure elderly people about your credentials and the content of the survey. The information in this booklet and the briefing should give you enough to prepare an introduction.

Informants should be given a full introduction. This is likely to be best done, in person, before the interview but there may be times where you need to do it on the telephone. Remember to cover all seven points and adapt as necessary for this survey.

You may find it useful to use appointment cards after your telephone call, perhaps posting (or putting through the door if in the area) one with a copy of the purpose sheet. We did not produce this as a three-way fold leaflet because of the larger font size used.

You also have a glossy leaflet containing some relevant results from the 1994 GHS. You can use this at whatever point you feel appropriate, either before or after you have given the informant a purpose leaflet. This will show respondents what has been done with the information they gave originally.

If you are trying to locate movers, be prepared to explain who you are and about the organisation you work for. Do not go in to detail about the survey as this could compromise the informants confidentiality.

12 The questions

Household information

We need a small amount of information about matters which relate to the household. These only need to be asked once at each household. If the household is at the same address as at the GHS interview and the household composition has not changed, most questions in this section do not need to be asked.

Questions for new household members

HH08 Code marital status without asking if it has been given spontaneously.

If you do ask Marstat, it should be as a running prompt 'Are you married, living together, single, widowed, divorced or separated?' Code 2 has priority over the single, widowed, divorced and separated codes.

Do not probe 'separated', but should an informant query the term, it covers any person whose spouse is living elsewhere because of estrangement (whether the separation is legal or not).

Questions for respondents who have moved

HH10 Here the description of the accommodation should refer only to the 'space' used by the household. Thus in the case of a house owner-occupier who sublets some rooms, you should code 6 or 7 to indicate that the household occupies only part of the house.

Bungalows (including 'pre-fabs') should be treated as whole house and coded 1, 2, or 3.

'Dwellings with business premises' covers those places where there is access between the private and business parts without going outside the building. If the address is a flat in a block, the bottom storey of which is a row of shops, then code 4 or 5 should be used.

Accommodation described as 'four in a block' should be coded either 4 or 5 i.e. purpose built flat or maisonette.

For public houses, inns and hotels: Use the appropriate code. This will usually be code 8.

Caravans - code 9 applies to all types of caravan and mobile home, both mobile and fixed.

HH11 The living part of the accommodation means the living room, lounge or whatever it may be called. If it is obvious which floor the main living part is on, code from observation. If it is not obvious, you must check with the informant.

HH12 Where accommodation is owned by an individual outside the household note the following points:

Treat as 'owns/is buying': accommodation owned or being bought solely by, or jointly with, an ex-spouse

Treat as 'rents/rent free' accommodation owned or being bought by a relative or friend or formerly owned by a deceased relative and now held in trust.

Co-ownership is the joint ownership of residential properties (e.g. blocks of flats) by a group of people who have formed a registered co-ownership society.

Shared ownership involves an individual being part owner (whether on a mortgage or not) and part tenant of the property. The tenanted part is frequently owned by a local authority or housing association, who receives rent from the purchaser. The rented portion usually stands at between 25% and 75% but the purchaser may have the option of increasing the percentage s/he owns, eventually owning the property outright.

HH14 The missing code 4 is Scottish Homes. You will need to prompt respondents who spontaneously say local authority as they could be coded 1 (Local Authority or Council) or 2 (New Town). Any person whose accommodation is tied to their job should be coded 6 or 9 at LandLord. People in tied accommodation whose employer is a Local Authority, New Town or Scottish Housing Association should also be coded 6.

HH15 Central heating includes any system whereby two or more rooms are heated from a central source, such as a boiler, a back-boiler to an open fire, or the electricity supply. This definition includes a system where the boiler or back-boiler heats one room and also supplies the power to heat one other room.

Where a household has only one room in the accommodation, treat it as having central heating if that room is heated from a central source along with other rooms in the house or building.

Central heating also includes under-floor heating and hot air ducts, but not appliances plugged into the mains circuit at the wall.

If the informant is unsure whether there is central heating, ask if you may look at it yourself.

HH16 Mobile phones should not be included.

HH22 'Normally available' ...

includes: vehicles used solely for driving to and from work, vehicles on long-term hire.

excludes:vehicles used solely in the course of work, vehicles hired from time to time.

Health state

A04 Please do not use Exp/ How/ Why probes here, but do probe for anything else.

A05 If the respondent has more than one complaint, use code 1 if any of the complaints limit his/her activities.

A06-A10 If the illness started to limit activity since the GHS interview, we want the month and year. If it was before then we want to know whether or not it has got worse.

EuroQol

B01-B05 These questions are used to assess the respondent's current health state. Please use the note facility to tell us if a respondent has difficulty answering any of the items.

Sight and hearing

C01 If respondents have glasses or contact lenses but do not wear them they should be coded 'no'.

C05 A respondent who has a hearing aid, but does not wear it, should be coded 'no'.

Mobility and personal care

D01-D24 These questions aim to establish whether or not respondents are able to perform a number of activities which require varying degrees and different kinds of mobility. The emphasis is on what the respondent actually does, rather than what he or she may be physically capable of. The questions relate to the usual situation, so if a respondent is suffering from a temporary reduction in mobility, we would like to know how he or she usually manages. However, if a respondent feels that a recent reduction in mobility is likely to be permanent, then you should take this as the usual situation.

These questions are restricted to establishing whether help is needed from another person. Thus a respondent who gets up and down stairs on his or her own but with the help of a stick would still be coded 'on your own'.

The questions are filtered, so most respondents are asked about some tasks only. Thus, for example, if a respondent can bath or wash all over easily, we assume without asking that they can wash their face and hands on their own without difficulty. The aim is to avoid having to ask fit and healthy people questions which some of them might feel were insulting or patronising.

D02 etc The dependent questions relating to ease or difficulty of managing are opinion questions, so if, for example, a respondent who uses an aid says he or she manages very easily, you should accept this.

D03-D04 Enter code 2 if the respondent uses a commode or a bottle, or does not need to use the stairs in the normal way because there is a stair lift.

D05 As we have already asked about stairs and steps, we only want to know about getting round on the level at this question.

D07 This refers to getting to the WC and includes managing with clothes. If someone cannot get to the toilet but uses a commode, this should be coded 'not at all'.

D09 etc These questions are single coded. If that causes a problem, use the `other' code and specify.

D15 Use code 2 if the respondent takes a bath only if there is someone else in the house who could help if the respondent got into difficulty.

D20 We are interested in whether people have difficulty in getting food from the plate into the mouth, so this includes cutting up of food, but not preparation of food, or difficulty eating because of dental trouble.

Getting out

E01-E08 The same general instructions apply as for section D, but there are some additional questions.

E01 The words 'and walk down the road' are included to indicate that we mean more than, for example, just going into the garden.

E08 We want to know whether informants do not use public transport because of their own limited mobility, or for some other reason - they may use a car, or there may only be a very infrequent bus service. Probe answers such as 'don't go out' to establish the reason.

Domestic activities

F01-F30 Unlike the aspects of mobility covered above, some of the domestic tasks listed may usually be done by someone else (even if the informant is physically capable of doing them) or may not be done at all. Thus, if an informant does not do the task, we want to know whether he/she could do it if necessary.

F04 etc If a task or group of tasks is not done at all, we ask the respondent how he/she manages. Please probe fully.

Informal care

F31-F36 We want to get an estimate of the total amount of care the respondent needs and who provides it, without using too many questions.

F31 This is asked if the respondent has said he or she needs help getting up or going to bed, or getting around the house - things which people do every day, rather than occasional activities. If they answer `no' here, then you are asked to explain the apparent inconsistency at F35.

F36 We want an estimate of the total time spent by the carer - not just what they spend doing things we have asked the respondent about.

Use of services

G01 Include people who pay something towards the cost of a home help provided by the Local Authority, as well as those who don't have to pay anything. Note that home helps are now sometimes called home care workers.

G02 This is for those who have a completely private arrangement with a domestic help.

G09-G10 Include hours spent doing jobs for the informant in the home or elsewhere (eg shopping, changing library books). The program will accept whole numbers only, so round half hours to the nearest even whole number - ie 3½ hours is rounded up to 4, and 2½ is rounded down to 2.

If there is more than one elderly person in the household, and it is not clear which one receives the home help, split the hours between them - ie make sure that the hours are not double counted.

G15-G19 Code informant as using the service only if they did so on their own behalf (eg if a wife asks the doctor to come and see her husband, this would be coded as 'doctor attending at home' for the husband only).

G20-G26 These questions are experimental, to see if we can get some general information about outpatient attendances without asking very detailed questions about each visit. The topic is complicated in that a respondent may visit more than one outpatient department for the same health problem. For example, someone who has had a fall and broken their hip may go first to casualty (A&E), then to X-ray, be admitted as an inpatient for an operation, then seen in the surgeon's outpatient clinic and in physiotherapy. We will be asking separately about inpatient stays, but except for the casualty visits, we would like visits for the same underlying reason counted as one series of outpatient visits.

G27 At this question, a 3-month time period is used, namely the last three complete calendar months prior to the month in which you are interviewing.

Include; visits to private hospitals and private clinics.Exclude: doctors seen abroad unless Forces doctors;

day patients.

G31 Day patients are defined as patients admitted to a hospital bed during the course of a day or to a day ward where a bed, couch or trolley is available for the patient's use. They are admitted with the intention of receiving care or treatment which can be completed in a few hours so that they do not require to remain in hospital overnight. If a patient admitted as a day patient then stays overnight they should be counted as an inpatient.

Include: dialysis patients if they are admitted only for the day and not required to stay overnight.

G35 Include: stays in private hospitals and clinics:dialysis patients required to stay in hospital overnight.

G36 An inpatient stay lasts from admission to discharge, so if an informant was sent home for the weekend during a spell as an inpatient, this just counts as one spell.

Smoking and drinking

H03 Note that daily figures are required at both these questions.

H04 If the informant can only give the amount in ounces of tobacco or an overall weekly number of cigarettes, enter DK and record these amounts as a last resort, using the notepad facility.

H10 etc These questions collect information about frequency and about the amount usually consumed on any one day. Where drinks are grouped at this question, we are not interested in any one particular drink, but in a group of drinks as a whole. So, if someone says that they have a drink of whisky and a drink of gin each week, you should ask the question again, explaining that we just want to know how often (s)he has had a drink of any kind of spirits and liqueurs in the last 12 months.

Remember to include home-made or home-brewed drinks in the appropriate category.

Be careful to include only alcoholic shandy. Cans of shandy should not be included because they have extremely low alcoholic content. Similarly all other non-alcoholic or low alcoholic drinks (eg low alcohol wine) are also excluded.

Standard amounts

Shandy and beer/lager/stout/cider should be recorded in half-pint units, so if someone says 2 pints, enter that as 4.

Spirits should be recorded as singles, so a double gin or a large whisky should be entered as 2 singles.

Amounts of wine should be recorded in glasses, and amounts of fortified wines such as sherry or martini in small glasses. A schooner of sherry counts as 2 small glasses.

Cans If you cannot enter the amount in half pints because the respondent has drunk metric cans, code 9 and specify whether they are small, medium

or large cans:

small: 275 ml medium: 330 ml large: 440 ml

If the cans consumed were a different size, please estimate which of the three above comes nearest.

A small can of wine usually contains 2 glasses.

Bottles If answers for spirits, wine or fortified wine (sherry, martini etc) are given in terms of bottles, please try to estimate the number of singles, glasses or small glasses, as follows:

A standard (70 cl or 75 cl) bottle contains approximately:- 6 glasses of wine,- 14 small glasses of fortified wine (sherry, martini, etc),- 28 singles of spirits.

A litre bottle contains approximately:- 8 glasses of wine,- 18 small glasses of fortified wine (sherry, martini, etc),- 40 singles of spirits.

If you can't work it out, specify the answer in terms of bottles, but please give the size; ie if the respondent drinks half a bottle, indicate whether it is a miniature, a standard bottle, a litre, or some other size of bottle.

Other points Always record the total amount usually drunk on any one day, so if someone usually has a half pint at lunchtime and 2 pints in the evening, that should be entered as 5.

13 Pen picture

After the interview, we would like you to write a short pen picture of the respondent's circumstances, health and mobility, in case there is other relevant information which we haven't picked up in the interview itself. If you have interviewed two elderly people in the same household, we only want one pen picture. Please try and complete this immediately after the interview. A separate sheet of paper is provided for you to write it on - don't forget to write in the serial number. There are some key words at the top of the sheet to remind you of the kinds of things to cover, but what you include will vary depending on the circumstances. Here are a couple of examples:

`Mrs X is an 87 year old widow who lives alone. She moved here from London a couple of years ago to be near her younger sister (who is herself almost 80), who lives just round the corner. She has a son who is married with a family but who currently lives in Malaysia. She is mentally very sharp and thinks her health is good for her age. She copes fine in her bungalow, but is very unsteady on her feet - has had several falls since the GHS interview. She can go out to the local shops alone with her `sholley' but is frightened of falling so doesn't go out in cold, wet or windy weather. She gave up driving soon after she moved here - didn't feel comfortable driving in an area with which she was not familiar. Her sister provides her with a lot of support and help, but not on a regular daily basis.'

`Mr and Mrs Y are both in their early nineties. Mr Y is confused and forgetful, but relatively fit and can potter about in the home. He can also get to the shops, but by the time he gets there he's forgotten what he went for. Mrs Y is mentally alert but physically frail - she has a heart complaint and cannot walk more than a few steps. Their limitations are complementary, and they just about manage to stay in their home with a lot of support from various helpers who they pay for themselves, and from district nurses. They also rely a great deal on their son, who organises the help and visits every weekend to do the shopping and see to their affairs. They live in a block of flats which has a lot of elderly people living in it, who look out for each other.'

14 Claims

Study time2 hours pre-briefing. Please use this time to go through the instructions and paper questionnaire. Make a note of any areas where you would like further information, or have a query and bring it with you to the briefing.

2 hours post-briefing to do some dummy interviews and have another look at the instructions, as necessary.

Admin. time

As quota size and spread varies so much on this survey there is no fixed allowance. Please claim the actual time that it takes you to make up your notebook, plan the quota and prepare maps. If this exceeds 2 hours can you please telephone the field office to get authorisation.

Clerical time10 minutes per serial number. This is to cover final coding of the individual and household outcome, completion of the admin block and the entry of any notes in the admin block (see admin. section). As we require similar information to be input for non-response and interviews the time allowed is the same.

Telephone callsYou will spend a chunk of time on the telephone arranging appointments. This should be claimed for as interview time in the usual way. Use the time from making the first call to the end of your last call as your depart and return times and deduct any breaks in the usual way. Calculate the cost of the calls and claim it at the same time with an explanatory note.

Pen PicturePlease include the time taken in with interview time.

GENERAL HOUSEHOLD SURVEY 1994

EDITING INSTRUCTIONS

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

All fully and partially co-operating cases will be edited using the Pabedit program.

Look at every case, whether or not there are any notes etc listed on the Fact sheet.

The editing stage will cover the following:

Notes made by the interviewer using the notepad facility.

Coding some questions and recoding specified answers. Hard and soft checks that are reported in the edit.

Editing to correct routing errors in early versions of the program.

PICs (Post interview checks).

Fact sheets

A Fact sheet will be printed for each case in a batch.

This gives Batch No and Database Month (eg 406 = N0514 June) and Date of Interview.

Details of the household box are listed under Household Composition and it also indicates the type of interview (full or proxy or non-contact etc), who was interviewed on which Supp Ser No, and in which order (ie WhoInt1 and 2).

Any notes the interviewer has made using the notepad facility will be printed. QAIRE indicates whether the note is in the household (HH) or individual (IND) questionnaire; QUEST = question or variable.

Note that QUEST is only an indication of the question - it may refer to that question, or the note may refer to an earlier or later question, depending on when the interviewer uses the notepad facility.

Also note that the person to whom the note refers may not always be clear. UNIQUEQ may help eg if the last digit is 0 it may mean the first person interviewed on that Supp Ser.

All specified answers are listed under SPECIFY VARIABLES, as are details of particular qualifications which you will need to check.

The section in the Individual/Proxy questionnaire is given, as well as the Person number, and the Variable/question name.

Specify variables for the household questionnaire are listed first. For the individual questionnaires, specify variables are listed in topic order eg Education for all relevant persons, followed by Adult Health for all relevant persons.

The fact sheets are working documents. You can note what you have coded etc on them, and any other information which you need to code. Put a tick beside each note, specify variable etc to indicate that you have dealt with it.

If you have a query please FLAG the fact sheet with a post-it and note the query.

Fact sheets will be retained - they will be needed for quality checks, and may be needed to provide a list of all specified answers at a particular question.

Notes

Interviewers had to make a note if they coded 9 Other period at PyPeriod in Income as a variable to specify was not provided.

Apart from this, interviewers may make a note for various reasons eg -

Explaining why they have suppressed a consistency check

Noting a program error (eg in early months second job in Income did not always appear)

Querying whether they have done the right thing at a question and giving additional information

Noting problems they have had when inputting self-completions

Investigate all notes made by the interviewer using the notepad facility, and make amendments as necessary.

Coding/recoding

At a few variables you will be stopped with a warning to recode (or code) the question eg NOthRms in the household, code 6 at LastSch in the individual.

Look at all specified answers on the fact sheets and recode as appropriate using the editing instructions following.

Take care that you are coding the correct person.

It will be necessary to note some information on the fact sheet before you do the recoding, because when you recode the information will disappear from the screen.

eg If you are recoding the type of account at AccTypM from code 11 (Other) to code 1 (bank account), you will need to note down the following for both accounts before recoding: whether interest is received, whether gross or net, the amount of interest etc. Similarly, if you are changing 0 levels before 1975 you need to note down the number of subjects.If you are recoding a multi-coded variable, you will need to note down all the original codes before recoding.

Hard and soft checks

A soft check is one which warns that there may be an error, but in many cases the information may be correct or acceptable.eg There is a warning if the amount of benefits at StatBnAm is £80.00 or more - in most cases the amount will probably be correct for the informant's circumstances, but occasionally the amount may be incorrect, in which case it should be altered.

These checks can be suppressed.

If the soft check was triggered during the interview, the interviewer should have noted the circumstances if the check was suppressed.

All soft checks should be looked at, and if the information is correct then the check should be suppressed using Shift + F3.

Note that suppressed checks are triggered every time you enter the case.

Some checks were soft at the interview stage, but are hard checks at the edit stage.Hard checks are those where the information is definitely inconsistent, and an amendment must be made to make the data consistent.

Hard and soft checks are listed in the Editing Instructions.

The circumstances in which soft checks may be suppressed are given in the Editing Instructions.

In the Editing Instructions hard checks are referred to as “hard check” or “check”, with no mention of circumstances in which the check can be suppressed.

Please note: The Editing Instructions should be used in conjunction with the Interviewer Instructions. Any definitions, instructions on how to code particular circumstances, what to include in codes etc which are given in the Interviewer Instructions are not repeated in the Editing Instructions. Therefore remember to look at both sets of instructions.

Correcting routing

There have been some corrections or changes in routing from the interview version.

You will be stopped in the edit if a variable applies but is missing.

Check whether there are any interviewer notes about this, and amend accordingly. eg There was some problem with income from second job not being asked in some circumstances in April and the interviewer may have noted the details.

If there are no notes, then use the right hand square bracket key - ] - to indicate that the answer is missing (No answer).eg In early interview versions EverPens was not asked when PersPens = No. EverPens applies in the edit version and therefore the key for missing should be used.

PIC (Post Interview Checks)

These checks are done in Clipper and are run on all the cases in the database (at the time of running) for a particular month. They appear in the case management system. As they cover several batches, you will need to go through them with the fact sheets for a batch, and note on the fact sheet what PIC has occurred so that you can deal with it while editing.

PICs cover structure checks and some checks which could not be programmed in the edit such as occupation code range. A list of PICs follows.

SEG/Social class Matrix

If the SOC code is incompatible with employee/self-employed, employment status (manager/foreman/employee) or size of establishment, and Social Class and Socio-economic group cannot be derived, an error will be reported.

See the PAB Occupation coding Manual for guidance on how to correct Matrix errors.

Do not change employee/self-employed. If you consider this alteration needs to be made consult the supervisor, as such a change has serious consequences for the rest of the questionnaire.

Changes to the occupation code can be made in the Admin block where occupation has been coded. However, if you need to change employment status or size of establishment, then you must go back into the relevant individual questionnaire to alter the question. Note that if you are changing size of establishment use code 7 or 8 not 1-6 at Nemplee.

Jump keys

To get directly to a section you can use Control + Fl and the following numbers/ letters:

Number/letter Section

1 Smoking2 Drinking3 Family Information

e Educationh Healthi Income

Restoring information

If you make an error when editing you can restore any information which has disappeared from the screen by changing a question back to what it was originally, provided you do this in one session and have not exited from the questionnaire. eg if you alter Yes to No and subsequent questions appear blank, you can restore the original answers by changing the question back to Yes.

You can also use Shift + F2 which will remove all changes you have made to the questionnaire.

PabDone

This appears as the last variable in the Admin block of the Household and Individual questionnaires. You need to complete both.

Note that a clean case is indicated in the system reports only by PabDone in the household questionnaire. It is therefore important that you go back and change this to No if you have a query in the Individual questionnaire which still needs to be resolved.

Post Interview checks (PIC)

Error Nos. Errors found

8 hhld admin field INT_DONE not = 1

9 hhld main record exists but no admin record

10 HOUT = 1-30 but Indiv. records not found

11 HOUT = 31-60 but Indiv. records found

12 HOUT not coded

13 NADULTS < no. of interviewed

14 WHOINT1 / WHOINT2 have duplicate person no.

81 Indiv. records exist but hhld record not found

82 Indiv. admin field INT_DONE not = 1

83 fully co-operating hhld but IOUT1 not = 1 or 2

84 fully co-operating hhld but IOUT2 not = 1 or 2

85 Indiv. main record exists but no admin record

21, 23-26 hhld records exist (subfiles 01, 03-06) but no hhld main record (subfile 00)

101, 103-150 Indiv. records exist (subfiles 01, 03-50)but no Indiv. main record

l8 manual editting to outstanding (eg. changeserial no.), this error to be corrected bySurvey Branch Titchfield.

1 SOCMAIN1 / SOCMAIN2 occupation code out of range

2 SOCLAST1 / SOCLAST2 occupation code out of range

3 SOCUPAY1 I SOCUPAY2 occupation code out of range

4 INDMAIN1 / INDMAIN2 industry code out of range

5 INDLAST1 / INLAST2 industry code out of range

6 INDUPAY1 / INDUPAY2 industry code out of range

161 NPERSONS coded but no person records found

162 NPERSONS not = no. of person records

163 NCHATS not = no. of consultation records

164 Consultation records found but not expected

165 NUMBABY not = no. of birth records

166 Birth records found but not expected

30 Live births < 6 months apart

167 NUMSTEP not = no. of stepchild records

168 Stepchild records found but not expected

151 NUMMAR / CLNUMMAR not = no. of marriage records

152 Marriage records found but not expected

153 Incorrect no. of BCHH1 (child illness) records

154 BCHH1 (child illness) records found but notexpected

155 Incorrect no. of BCHH2 (child cutdown) records

156 BCHH2 (child cutdown) records found but not expected

157 Incorrect no. of CHCHATS (child doctalk) records

158 CHCHATS (child doctalk) records found but notexpected

159 Incorrect no. of child Consultation records

160 Child Consultation records found but not expected

169 Incorrect no. of BCHH4 (child outpatient) records

170 Child Outpatient records found but not expected

171 Incorrect no. of BCHH5 (child Daypatient) records

172 Child Daypatient records found but not expected

173 Incorrect no. of BCHH6 (child Inpatient) records

174 Child Inpatient records found but not expected

175 BCHH7 (child Glasses) records expected but not found

176 BCHH7 (child Glasses) records found but not expected

HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE EDITING INSTRUCTIONS

Dob

If this is DK or Refused and the person's age = 16-59:

If completely missing, calculate the date of birth from Age, using 15 for day and June for Month. Bear in mind the interview date.

If partly missing, calculate day, month or year as above. eg IntDate = 16-07-1994, Age = 57, interviewer note that brother knew she was born in January, but not the day. Impute Dob as 15-01-1937.

Refer to s/v if this imputed Dob then conflicts with other dates eg date of marriage in Family Information.

Age

DK/Refusal is not allowed - interviewers should have estimated age. Accept the interviewer estimate, unless there is a note that the interviewer estimated the age as "over 60" or "70 plus" and entered 60 or 70; in such cases refer to s/v for an age estimate.

A warning will be triggered if there is a discrepancy of one year or more between Dob and Age.

This check should only be suppressed if the age is 100 or more (and 99 has therefore been entered at Age).

In all other cases the discrepancy must be resolved.

Marstat

DK/Refusal is not allowed at the edit stage.

If the interviewer has noted that this information was not obtainable (or has been estimated) for a non-contact, refer to s/v for imputation. Refer to s/v any other notes which cannot be resolved from the instructions (eg queries on whether a marriage is legal).

There is a hard check that children must be single. Refer to s/v if someone aged under 16 is genuinely married.

A check will be triggered for one person households where Marstat = married or cohabiting.

SUPPRESS this check if Marstat is correct and the spouse/cohabitee is away from the household because of employment etc eg merchant seamen.

A warning message will occur if only one person in the household is coded 7 (same sex cohabiting).

SUPPRESS this check if this coding is correct.

Never recode Marstat on the basis of information later in the interview.

ReltoHoh

The actual relationship to HOH should be coded. Therefore a step child should be coded stepchild, code 4, even if there is no mention of "step" at name.

Spouse 1

Cohabitee (opposite or same sex) 2

Son/daughter (incl adopted) 3

Stepson/stepdaughter 4

Foster child 5

Son-in-law/daughter-in-law 6Incl step son-in-law; daughter'sboyfriend if they are cohabiting

Parent (natural or adopted) 7

Step-parent 8

Foster parent 9

Parent-in-law 10

Brother/sister (incl adopted) 11

Step or half brother/sister 12

Foster brother/sister 13

Brother-in-law/sister-in-law 14

Grandchild 15Incl step or adopted (not foster)

Grandparent 16Incl step or adopted; in-law

Other relative 17Incl by marriage or adoption

Other non-relative 18

Relatives of cohabiting persons of the opposite sex should be treated as if the cohabiting couple were married (but not relatives of same sex cohabiting couples - they should be treated as non-relatives). Therefore the child of the HOH's cohabitee (opposite sex) should be coded as a stepchild , and her mother as Parent-in-law, not as non-relatives.

If relatives have been legally adopted code the relationship as children eg HOH legally adopts grandson, code relationship as 3 not 15.

If the HOH has legally adopted his wife's children from a previous marriage, they should be coded as adopted here.

If a foster child is related to the HOH code that relationship not 5.

A separated or ex-spouse, not cohabiting but still living in the same accommodation should be coded as a non-relative, code 18.

There is a check between ReltoHoh = 1 or 2 and Marstat = 1 or 2/7.

SUPPRESS this check if ReltoHoh is coded Cohabitee but the person's marital status is single, if this is the actual relationship.

Also SUPPRESS the check relating to the person being a same sex cohabitee if this is the correct relationship.

There are checks between relationship and age eg A warning will be triggered if anyone coded child, stepchild, foster child, or son-in-law is older than the person; or if anyone coded parent, step-parent etc or grandparent is younger than the person.

SUPPRESS the check if the coding of relationship is correct eg it is possible for a stepson to be older than his step-father. In all other cases amend the coding as appropriate.

R - Relationship between household members

See instructions above for ReltoHoh (and interviewer instructions) - the same definitions and checks apply.

ACCOMMODATION

RelsWho

Recode answers at code 3 (specified at XRelsWho) where possible.

Include in code 1: Step son/daughter

Include in code 2: Step or half brother/sister

TypAccm

Recode answers at code 10 (specified at XTypAccm) where possible.

Codes 1-3 cannot apply at multi-household addresses, except in rare cases where 2 separate buildings have the same address eg a farm where one household occupies a detached house and another household occupies a caravan in the grounds; one household occupies rooms in an hotel and another household occupies an annexe/bungalow in the grounds. In all other cases where a household occupies only part of a house, it is that part which should be coded here.

Include in code 1 a property which is linked by a garage only, but is otherwise detached.

Include in code 9: Park home.

Farms should be coded as follows if the interviewer has made notes:

If outbuildings are attached or some rooms are used forbusiness purposes, use code 8.

If not, code as appropriate into codes 1, 2 or 3.

If not possible to recode because the information is not given, leave in code 10.

Lifts used for transporting goods and stair lifts for the disabled should be excluded.

Bedrooms

Any room used as a bedroom must be shown here. Even if the informant has only a kitchen with a bed in it, or the sitting room is used as a bedroom, it should be treated as a bedroom.

In Scotland some bedsitters are called single-endrooms.

A split level room ie living room with bedroom upstairs on balcony, should be counted as one room (a bedroom).

Kitchen

A soft check will be activated if both BedCook and Kitchen = No.

An open plan room including a kitchen, such as kitchen/dining/living room, should be counted here at kitchen only, and excluded from WhOthRms. A scullery or pantry used for cooking counts as a kitchen.

SUPPRESS this check if there is an interviewer note that the household's accommodation does not have a kitchen (in rare cases a bedsit may not have cooking facilities or a shared kitchen), or if the cooking facilities are on a landing or in a hall, or the household uses cooking facilities/kitchen in the restaurant below the accommodation.

Refer all queries to s/v.

NOthRms

This will be automatically coded if WhOthRms is coded 1-4 only.

Code the number of eligible rooms from the answers given at XwhRms and add on the number coded 1-4.eg if WhOthRms is coded 1 and 5 (study and breakfast room specified) then the number of rooms to be coded at NOthRms is 3.

Check the names of the rooms against the list following and code the total number of "included" rooms only.

Remember the eligible rooms are those which have not already been coded as bedrooms or kitchen.

TO BE INCLUDED AT NOthRms TO BE EXCLUDED AT NOthRms

Back room BathroomBest room Bed closetBig room Billiard roomBreakfast room Boiler room

Den CellarDining room (if 2) Cloak roomDrawing room Closet

Family room DarkroomFront room Dressing room

House (Lancashire only) Games room

Kitchen (ie a living room, Garagerather than a room used Gun roomfor cooking, also secondkitchen)

Library GymnasiumLiving room (if 2) LandingLounge (if 2) Laundry

Middle room Lavatory (toilet/WC etc)Morning room OfficeMusic room Outhouse

Nursery Pantry (if not used for cooking)

Parlour RecessPublic room (Scotland) Rooms used entirely for business

Reception room Rooms without windows

School room StockroomSewing room Utility roomSitting room (if 2) WashroomSmoking room WorkshopSnugSpare roomStudioStudy

Temple roomThrough loungeTV room

ROOMS INCLUDED OR EXCLUDED

ACCORDING TO USAGE/DESCRIPTION OF ROOM

Room Include Exclude

Attic/ If has window (incl 1. Attic/Loft/Loft/ dormer but excl Storeroom nesStoreroom skylight - but see 3 2. If skylight

next column) (unless used asbedroom, in whichcase accept buttransfer toBedrooms3.If not floored (dormer window thenignored)

Box room/ If used occasionally 1. Box room/LumberLumber room or could be used as room nesbed or living room 2. Usage described

other than thatunder "Include"column

Conservatory If used throughout Conservatory nesthe year

Dinette If KitEat is coded No If KitEat is coded(partition not Yesmentioned)

Extension If used all the year 1. Extension nesround 2. If not used all

the year

Hall 1. If described as 1. Hall nesLounge Hall 2. Hall not used2. If furnished and as a roomused as a room

Playroom If a nursery or 1. Playroom neschildren's room 2. If a games room

(active games)

Scullery If used as a living 1 . Scullery nesroom or second 2. If not used askitchen living room or

kitchen

Sunroom If used all the year 1. Sunroom nesround 2. If used in summer

only

Room Include Exclude

Partitioned 1. If partition goes 1. If partition doesrooms to ceiling and not go to ceiling

there is a doorway 2. If partition doeswith or without a go to ceiling butdoor the open space

is wider than adoorway

2. If sliding or 3. If open plan roomfolding partition divided only bygoing right across curtains orthe room portable screens

Unusable rooms If of type usually All unusable roomsincluded and a note unless a noteindicates that the indicates thesituation is only situation istemporary temporary and the

room is in the“included” group

Work room If used for mainly 1. Work room nessedentary activities 2. If only used partall the year round of the year(eg sewing) 3. If used purely

for “active”hobbies(eg woodwork)

Others Rooms not used allthe year round and not already on the “included” list

NB Refer to s/v any rooms or circumstances not covered by this list.

Car

Exclude cars/vans which are not available for use because they are dismantled or in some other way unfit for use.

TENURE

OwnerTen

Recode all answers coded 8 (specified at XOwnerTen) into codes 1-7 from the following frame.

SC

HOH who is a household member - ONLY 1

Wife/cohabitee of HOH who is a household member - 2

Joint HOH and wife/cohabitee - both household members 3

Spouse/ex-spouse who is not a household member - ONLY 4

Joint HOH who is a household member and (ex) spouse who is not a household member 5

HOH or wife/cohabitee of HOH (who is a household member) - and any other household member 6

HOH or wife/cohabitee of HOH (who is a household member) - and anybody not in the household 7

Notes:

1. If more than 2 people jointly own the property treat the codes as in priority order and use the first which applies to two of the owners eg. Joint HOH, wife and son in household should be coded 3.

2. If the informant jointly owned the property with the former spouse but now owns it in own right, only the informant should be coded here.

3. HOH not coded as owner The only time HOH will not appear as (one of) the owner(s) is when the property is owned in his wife's/cohabitee's name or in the (ex) spouse's name ie coded 2 or 4.

4. Accommodation owned or being bought by a relative or friend not in the household, or formerly owned by a deceased relative and now held in trust, should be treated as rented/ rent free.

5. Treat as owned outright if an old person has taken out a mortgage on the property to provide monthly income for the rest of their life.

6. Accommodation owned by the “partnership” or family business (where the informant is self-employed) should be treated as owned/is buying, and OwnerTen coded according to who are the members of the partnership/family business.

7. Don't know and refusal are not allowed. Refer queries to s/v.

The above notes also apply to those who are renting the accommodation.

A check will be activated if OwnerTen = 2 (wife/cohabitee of HOH) or 3 (joint HOH and wife/cohabitee) and MarStat is not coded married/ cohabiting/ same sex cohabiting.

Codes 2 and 3 can only be used if the spouse/cohabitee is in the household, otherwise codes 4 or 5 apply.

If MarStat for HOH is single etc then codes 2 and 3 cannot apply; if joint HOH and friend (who are found to be cohabiting only in Family Information) then code 6 should be used.Refer all queries to s/v.

There is a soft check between OwnerTen being coded 4 or 5 and HOH not being coded married, divorced or separated.

Check the coding of OwnerTen. The only circumstance in which this check should be suppressed is where the HOH is cohabiting with a woman whose ex-husband owns the property.

RentJob

Notes (To be used if notes appear at this question)

1. This question is not restricted to employees, but includes self-employed persons who live in private accommodation rented with business premises which they use. In most cases where RentBusn is coded Yes, RentJob will also be coded Yes.

2. Exclude past employment eg a retired agricultural worker allowed to stay on in a farm cottage should be coded 2 (but see also notes 3 and 4).

3. If the accommodation goes with the job of a member of the family who is not a member of the household eg forces accommodation occupied by a family when the man is stationed elsewhere, RentJob should be coded 1 and Landlord coded 6.

4. If the accommodation is provided rent free in lieu of wages (ie WorklWk3 in Employment is coded None of these ), RentJob should still be coded 1 and Landlord coded 6 or 9. RentJob should not be coded 1 if the employer pays part of the rent or gives a rent allowance, unless the accommodation is tied to the job.

Landlord

Recode answers coded 7 (and specified at XLandlord) into codes 1-6 where possible.

Notes

1. Council housing tied to a job should be coded as employer (code 6) not local authority. This also applies to police houses, school caretaker's flats etc.

2. If the employer is the Armed Forces, use code 6.

3. If the informant is self-employed and lives in accommodation rented by his own company, code the organization/individual from whom the company rents the accommodation.

4. If the house went with a deceased or retired person's job, do not use "Employer" codes - use code 7 (unless another code applies).

5. Include in code 2 "Mid Wales Development Board" and Development Corporation.

6. If the informant knows it is from the local authority but doesn't know whether code 1, 2 or 4 applies, use code 1. If the informant knows it is private but doesn't know further details, use code 7.

7. Include in code 7: Agents (nes) and private trusts.There is a soft check if RentJob = Yes and Landlord is not coded Employer (6 or 9).

The interviewer should have checked whether the accommodation goes with the job of anyone in the household who is an employee and amended the coding following instructions and definitions.

SUPPRESS this check if the person is self-employed eg Accept code 7 at Landlord if a self-employed farmer or publican or vicar rents from an estate, brewery or the church.

ResLen

There is a hard check that the person's age cannot be less than the number of years lived at the address.

0 should be coded for less than 12 months.

Nmoves

There is a hard check that Nmoves cannot be 0 if ResLen is less than the person’s age - they must have moved at least once.

Cob

Recode all answers at code 24 (specified at XCob) using the attached Countries frame.

Note

Country of birth should be coded according to its present name, even if originally the place of birth belonged to another country. If born in Palestine, code as Israel.

For people born in ships or aircraft - refer to s/v for a decision, unless the ship/aircraft is known to be British, in which case use code 5.

Arruk

There is a hard check that the person did not arrive in this country before the year of birth.

There is also a hard check between the year of arrival and ResLen to ensure consistency - the person cannot have lived at the address longer than the time since his arrival.

FathCob and MothCob

Recode all answers coded 24 (and specified at XFathCob/XMothCob) using the attached Countries frame.

Notes

Wherever possible it is the country of birth of the natural parents which should be coded here. If given the choice of natural parent’s country of birth and step/adopted parent's country of birth, always code the natural parent's country of birth.

See also notes at Cob.

Origin

Recode all answers coded 4 and 9 (and specified at XOrigin) using the following Origin frame, notes and index.

Coding of Ethnicity and notes on recoding from codes 4 and 9

1. Code the answer entered at XOrigin for that person. DO NOT refer to that person's nationality, country of birth or parents’ country of birth, or to the ethnic origin, nationality etc of any related person in that household.

2. If coded 4, or 9 and the specific answer is identical to precodes 1-3 or 5-8 ie

WhiteBlack CaribbeanBlack AfricanIndianPakistaniBangladeshiChinese

Then use codes 11-17.

Codes 11-17 should also be used in certain specific instances:

If coded 4 (Black other) and the answer is

Caribbean (nes) - recode to 16African (nes) - recode to 17

If coded 9 and the answer is

Caucasian (nes) - recode to 11Pink (nes) - recode to 11.

See also alphabetic index.

3. If coded 4 (and the specified answer is NOT "identical" to precodes 1-3 or 5-8), recode from the Black Other frame codes 21-31.

If coded 4 and no answer is specified, use code 28.

4. If coded 9 (and the specified answer is NOT “identical” to precodes 1-3 or 5-8), recode from the None of these frame, codes 61-77.

But note that "Black (nes)" should be coded 28.

If coded 9 and no answer is specified, use code 73.

5. Refer all queries to S/V.

Notes on non-mixed and mixed origin

NON-MIXED

(a) Non-mixed is indicated if the specified answer is one ethnic group or one country or one continent.

(b) Non-mixed is also indicated where the country, continent or group also has a descriptive adjective which is not linked in any way to the other country/continent/group to imply mixed origin.

eg. African CaribbeanBritish ArabBritish IndianAfrican IndianBritish Cypriot

Where the adjective implies that the person is British, born in another country; Arab, born in Britain; or Indian, born in Africa.

(c) In general Afro, Indo and Sino should not be considered as indicating mixed.

(d) Care should be taken where one or more words could indicate nationality eg. British and West Indian should be construed as British of West Indian descent.

MIXED

(a) Mixed origin is indicated where the answer states that the person is descended from more than one ethnic group or the word mixed is used in the description.

eg. Father white, mother Indian Mixed English and Chinese.(b) Mixed origin is also indicated where two or more countries, continents or ethnic groups are given, but take care with answers such as white African which may mean born in Africa of white parents. Also take care with particular types of answers:

i. Indian/Pakistani should be recoded 67 if originally coded 9

ii. Black British, British Indian may indicate Indian born inBritain rather than descent from two ethnic groups.

iii. East African Indian indicates someone of Indian descent born in East Africa.

(c) Anglo and Euro indicate mixed origin.

(d) Generally the use of "and" or slash (eg English and Maltese, White/Indian) can be taken to indicate mixed origin but see (d) at NON-MIXED.

(e)“Ha1f” together with a non-White ethnic group should be read as white eg Half Pakistani should be coded as mixed White and Pakistani.

RELIGIONS

Some religions namely Hindu and Sikh indicate ethnicity and should be coded according to the index.

All other religions do not indicate ethnicity and should therefore be ignored, unless it is the only answer given.

eg British Jew coded 9 - recode 62Jewish coded 9 - recode 73Iranian Muslim coded 9 - recode 64Muslim coded 9 - recode 73

INDEX

Answers showing mixed race eg father white, mother Maltese are indicated in the index and instructions by a dividing slash (eg White/Maltese).

If "Welsh" or "Scottish" are given as all or part of answers, code from the index using the "English" equivalent.

Notes on categories

British (code 21)

Include any mention of British, English, Welsh, Scottish, UK, born in UK etc. whether this is the only answer, or linked with another ethnic group or nationality which is not European eg Black British, British Indian, if originally coded 4.

Answers such as British Polish, Italian Scottish originally coded 4 should be excluded and recoded 28, but British European is coded 21.

British - ethnic minority indicated (code 61)

Use this code if the words British, English, Welsh, Scottish, UK, born in UK etc are used together with a non-white ethnic group eg British Asian, British Arab, English Asian, if originally coded 9.

British - no ethnic minority indicated (code 62)

Use this code if the only answer is British, English, Welsh, Scottish, UK, born in UK. etc, if originally coded 9.

Answers such as British Cypriot, Scottish Italian originally coded 9 should be excluded and recoded 72, but British European is coded 62.

Caribbean Island, West Indies or Guyana

West Indian islands and Associated states eg Barbados, Jamaica, Anguilla; Guyana; Caribbean Commonwealth countries eg Bahamas, Bermuda, Cayman islands; other Caribbean islands eg Cuba, Haiti, Puerto-Rica; Belize; British Honduras; West Indian; Caribbean (if coded 9).

North African, Arab or Iranian

North African (Arab) countries eg Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Libya;Middle East countries eg Lebanon, Syrian, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Kuwait, Yemen; Palestinian; Berber; Iran; Persia; Kurd; Middle East; North Africa.

Other African countries

All African countries APART FROM North African (Arab) countries and Mauritius e.g. Nigeria, Sudan, Ethiopia, Somali, Madagascar, South African, East Africa (but East African countries where Asian/Indian etc are also given are excluded), African (if coded 9).

East African Asian or Indo-Caribbean

People of Asian (so described) or Indian sub-continent descent born in East Africa, eg East African Asian, Kenyan Indian.

People of Indian sub-continent descent born in the Caribbean eg Indo Caribbean, Trinidadian Indian.

Indian sub-continent

Sri Lankan, Tamil, Sinhalese, Goan, Kashmiri, Bengali, Nepalese, Hindu, Sikh, mixtures of the above and of Indian/Pakistan/Bangladeshi Sinhalese Asian, Asian Goan.

Other Asian

Asian nationalities/countries APART FROM Indian sub-continent and Chinese eg Afghan, Burmese, Thai, Malaysian, Korean, Japanese, Filipino, Indonesian, Vietnamese, Mauritius, Seychelles, Oriental, Asian (nes).

Other answers (code 73)

North America, America, Canadian; Red Indian; Central America (apart from Belize and British Honduras) eg Mexico; South America (eg Venezuelan, Brazilian); Latin American; Oceania (eg Fijian, Tongan, New Guinea, Polynesian, Melanesian, Maori); Australian, New Zealand; Creole; Aborigine; Jewish (nes), Muslim (nes); Israeli; Negro; Aryan.

Vague answers eg Brown, don't know.

Answer not specified.

White as part of a mixture

Include as White the following groups, nationalities:

English, Welsh, Scottish, Irish, European Anglo, Euro, Franco; all European nationalities e.g. Finnish, French, German, Spanish, Greek, Russian, Ukrainian; Mediterranean islands eg Maltese, Cypriot; Turkish, Armenian; Caucasian.

NB. American Aryan, Australian, Canadian, New Zealander, South American should not be treated as white as part of mixed origin.

Asian as part of a mixture with White

Asian includes Asian (nes) or any ethnic group from Indian sub-continent or Other Asian or Chinese.

NB. Two or more Asian groups with white should be coded other mixed, codes 31 or 77.

Answers "identical" to precodes 1-3 or 5-8

Code

11 White

Include Caucasian (nes) if coded 9Pink (nes) if coded 9

12 Indian

13 Pakistani

14 Bangladeshi

15 Chinese

16 Black Caribbeaninclude Caribbean (nes) if coded 4

17 Black Africaninclude African (nes) if coded 4

BLACK OTHER (code 4)

NON-MIXED ORIGIN

Code

21 British

eg Black born in UK, Black British, Black English, Caribbean parents born in UK, English, Scottish, Welsh, British citizen, English of West Indian origin, Afro English

22 Caribbean Island, West Indies or Guyana

eg Black Jamaican, Guyanan, Jamaican, West IndianNB "Carribean" if coded 4 should be recoded 16.

23 North African. Arab or Iranian

eg Arab, Brown Arab, Algerian, Egyptian, Jordanian, Iraqi, Libyan, North African, Palestinian, Persian, Afro Arab.

24 Other African Countries

eg Black South African, Cape coloured, Ghanaian, Kenyan, Nigerian, South African coloured, other African.

NB "African" if coded 4 should be recoded 17.

25 East African Asian or Indo-Caribbean

eg East African Asian, Indo-Caribbean, Kenyan Asian, African Indian,Caribbean Indian.

26 Indian sub-continent

eg Goan, Tamil, Sinhalese, Sri Lankan, Sri Lankan Tamil, Sikh, Indian Pakistan, Asian Sinhalese, Asian Goan.

27 Other Asian

eg Asian, Black Asian, Indo Mauritian, Mauritian, Tamil Mauritian, Afro Chinese, Indian Chinese, Afro Asian.

28 Other answers

eg Aborigine, American, Black, European Black, Muslim, Maori, South American, South American Indian.

Don't know, no answer specified.

BLACK OTHER (code 4)

MIXED ORIGIN

29 Black/White

Anglo African, Anglo Caribbean, White/Black, African/White, English/Black American, English/Negro, English/Jamaican, Half Caribbean.

30 Asian/White

eg Anglo Asian, Anglo Indian, Eurasian, Half Mauritian, Chinese/White, Irish/Sri Lankan.

31 Other mixed

eg Asian/Black, Indian/Irani, Half caste, mixed race, Arab/Black.

NONE OF THESE (code 9)

NON-MIXED ORIGIN

Code

61 British - ethnic minority indicated

eg Black British, Black English, British Asian, British Burmese, Black born in UK, English Asian, Scottish Indian.

62 British - no ethnic minority indicated

eg British, British citizen, English, Welsh, Scottish, Born British, born inUK, British Jew.

63 Caribbean Island, West Indies or Guyana

Black Jamaican, Caribbean, Guyanan, Jamaican, West Indian.

64 North African, Arab or Iranian

eg Algerian, Arab, Brown Arab, Egyptian, Libyan, Iraqi, Iranian, Palestinian,Persian, North African.

65 Other African Countries

eg Nigerian, Somali, Ethiopian, Black South African, Cape colored, African.

66 East African Asian or Indo Caribbean

eg East African Asian, Indo Caribbean, Kenyan Asian, Ugandan Indian.

67 Indian sub-continent

eg Goan, Sri Lankan, Tamil, Sinhalese, Sikh, Sri Lankan Tamil

68 Other Asian

eg Afghani, Asian, Burmese, Mauritian, Japanese, Korean, Malaysian, Oriental, Yellow.

69 Irish

70 Greek or Greek Cypriot

71 Turkish or Turkish Cypriot

72 Other European

eg Cypriot (nes), Italian, Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, Slavonic, Mediterranean.

73 Other Answers

eg American, Creole, Jewish (nes), Polynesian, South American, Aryan, Brown, Human.Don't know, no answer specified.NB “Black” (nes) if coded 9 should be recoded 28.

NONE OF THESE (code 9)

MIXED ORIGIN

74 Black/White

eg African/White, Anglo African, Anglo Caribbean, English/Negro English/Jamaican, Portuguese/Black, Half Caribbean.

75 Asian/White

eg Anglo Indian, Eurasian, Chinese/French, Irish/Sri Lankan, White/Japanese, Half Mauritian.

76 Mixed White

eg Anglo Armenian, Dutch/Portuguese, English/Irish, Maltese/White, White mixed.

77 Other Mixed

eg Asian/Black, Chinese/Jamaican, Arab/White, Mixed parentage, Half caste.

GHS MIGR. HH

ETHNIC ORIGIN INDEX

BLACK NONE OFOTHER THESE(4) (9)

Aborigine 28 73Afghani 27 68African 17 65African/Arab 31 77African Caribbean 28 73African/Caribbean 31 77African/Guyanese 31 77African Indian 25 66African/Indian 31 77African/Indian/European 31 77African/Lebanese 31 77African Pakistani 25 66African/Pakistani 31 77African/West Indian 31 77African/White 29 74

Afro-Arab 23 64Afro-Asian 27 68Afro Caribbean 28 73Afro Caucasian 28 73Afro Chinese 27 68Afro English 21 61Afro European 28 73Afro Pakistani 25 66

Algerian 23 64Algerian/Caucasian 31 77American 28 73American/Armenian 31 77Anglo African 29 74Anglo American 31 77Anglo Armenian 31 76Anglo Asian 30 75Anglo Bengali 30 75Anglo British Indian 30 75Anglo Caribbean 29 74Anglo Chinese 30 75Anglo Filipino 30 75Anglo Indian 30 75Anglo Irish Filipino/Sri Lankan 31 77Anglo Jamaican 29 74Anglo/Latin American 31 77Anglo Lebanese 31 77Anglo Pakistani 30 75Anglo West Indian 29 74Anglo Somalian 29 74Anglo Somalian/West Indian 29 74

Arab 23 64Arab/African 31 77Arab British 21 61Arab/English 31 77Arab/white 31 77Arabic 23 64Armenian 28 72Aryan 28 73Asian 27 68Asian/Black 31 77Asian Chinese 27 68

Asian/English 30 75Asian Goan 26 67Asian/Korean 31 77Asian/Malaysian 31 77

Asian Muslim 27 68Asian/Pakistani 26 67Asian parents 27 68Asian Sinhalese 26 67Asian/White 30 75

Bangladeshi 14 14Bangladeshi/White 30 75Berber 33 64Berber/White 31 77Black 28 28Black African 17 17Black African/American 31 77Black African/English 29 74Black African/White 29 74Black American 28 73Black American/English 29 74Black Asian 27 68Black/Asian 31 77Black, born in UK 21 61Black British 21 61Black Caribbean 16 16Black Caribbean/White 29 74Black English 21 61Black/English 29 74Black European 28 73Black Jamaican 22 63Black Jamaican/White English 29 74Black/Portuguese 29 74Black Scots 21 61Black/Scottish 29 74Black South African 24 65Black UK 21 61Black/White 29 74

Born British 21 62Born in UK 21 62Brazilian 28 73British 21 62British Anglo Indian 30 75British Arab 21 61British Asian 21 61British Black 21 61British Burmese 21 61British/Burmese 30 75British citizen 21 62British Cypriot 21 72British/Cypriot 31 76British European 21 62British Filipino 21 61British Indian 21 61British Jew 21 62British National 21 62British Pakistani 21 61British/Pakistani 30 75British Polish 28 72British subject 21 62British/West Indian 29 74British of Vietnamese origin 21 61British Honduras/English 29 74Brown 28 73Brown Arab 23 64Brown with pink spots 28 73Burmese 27 68Burmese British 21 61Burmese English 21 61

Burmese/English 30 75Burmese/Filipino 31 77Cambodian 27 68Cape colored 24 65

Caribbean 16 63Caribbean Indian 25 66Caribbean/Indian 31 77Caribbean parents born in UK 21 61Caribbean/white 29 74Caucasian 28 11Caucasian/Aryan 31 77Cherokee Indian/White 31 77Chilean 28 73Chinese 15 15Chinese/Australian 31 77Chinese/French 30 75Chinese/Jamaican 31 77Chinese/Philippino 31 77Chinese/west Indian/White 31 77Chinese/White 30 75Colored Englishman 21 61Continental 28 72Cosmopolitan 28 73Creole 28 73Cypriot (nes) 28 72

Doesn't think in terms of groups 28 73Don't know 28 73Dutch Burghers 28 72Dutch/Portuguese 31 76East African Asian 25 66East European 28 72East Indian 27 68

Egyptian 23 64Egyptian Arab 23 64Egyptian/Cypriot 31 77English 21 62English Asian 21 61English/Asian 30 75English Black 21 61English/Black 29 74English/Black African 29 74English/Black American 29 74English/Burmese 30 75English/Cypriot 31 76English/Fijian 31 77English/French 31 76English/Ghanaian 29 74English/Indian 30 75English/Indian/Lebanese 31 77English/Iranian 31 77English/Irish 31 76English/Jamaican 29 74English/Maltese 31 76English/Nigerian 29 74English/Philippino 30 75English/Polish 31 76English (White) St Helenian 28 73English/St Helenian 31 77English Spanish 31 76English/Spanish/Mexican 31 77English/Sri Lankan 30 75English/Thai 30 75English/Trinidadian 29 74English/Ukrainian 31 76English of West Indian origin 21 61

Ethiopian 24 65Eurasian 30 75

Euro Asian 30 75Euro Caribbean 29 74European 28 72European Black 28 73European/Black 29 74European/Fijian 31 77European/South African 31 77

Fair 28 73Fijian 28 73Fijian/Scottish 31 77Filipino 27 68French/Chinese 30 75French/English 31 76French/English/Tristan da Cuna 31 77French/Indian - Indo European 30 75

Ghanaian 24 65Goan 26 67Goan Indian 26Greek 28 70Greek Cypriot 2a 70Guyanese 22 63Guyanese/Irish 29 74Guyanese/New Zealand 28 77

Half Asian 30 75Half Caribbean 29 74Half Caste 31 77Half Mauritian 30 75Half Pakistani 30 75Hispanic 28 73Human 28 73Hungarian 28 72Hungarian/Irish 31 76

Inca/American Indian 31 77Indian 12 12Indian African 25 66Indian/African 31 77Indian/Burmese 31 77Indian Caribbean 25 66Indian/Caribbean 31 77Indian Chinese 27 68Indian/Chinese 31 77Indian/English 30 75Indian/Irani 31 77Indian Pakistani 26 67Indian/Pakistani 26 67Indian Scottish 21 61Indian/Scottish 30 75Indian/White 30 75Indo Caribbean 25 66Indo Chinese 27 68Indo Guyanese 25 66Indo Mauritian 27 68

Indonesian 27 68Indonesian/Spanish 30 75Iranian 23 64Iranian/English 31 77Iranian Muslim 23 64Irani/Indian 31 77Iraqi 23 64Iraqi British 21 61Iraqi/British 31 77

Irish 28 69Irish/Bangladeshi 30 75Irish/English 31 76Irish/Hungarian 31 76Irish/Puerto Rican 29 74Irish/Sri Lankan 30 75Israeli 28 73Italian 28 72Italian/Lebanese 31 77Italian Scottish 28 72Italian/Scottish 31 76

Jamaican 22 63Jamaican/English 29 74Jamaican/white 29 74Japanese 27 68Jewish 28 73Jordanian 23 64Just individual without prejudice 28 73

Karen 27 68Kenyan 24 65Kenyan Asian 25 66Kenyan/Asian 31 77Kenyan Indian 25 66Kenyan/Indian 31 77Korean 27 68Korean/Japanese 31 77Kurd 23 64

Latin American 28 73Lebanese/Italian 31 77Libyan 23 64Malay 27 68Malaysian 27 68Malaysian Chinese 27 68Malaysian/English 30 75Maltese 28 72Maltese/white 31 76Maori 28 73Mauritian 27 68Mauritian Asian 27 68Mediterranean 28 72Mediterranean/European 31 76Melanesian 28 73Melanesian/White 31 77

Mexican 28 73Mexican/American/English 31 77Middle East 23 64Mixed African 31 77Mixed Barbados & Jamaican 22 63Mixed African descentof West Indian origin 31 77Mixed Parentage 31 77Mixed Race 31 77Moroccan 23 64Muslim 28 73Muslim from Africa 24 65

Negro 28 73Negro England 21 61Negro/English 29 74Nepalese 26 68Nigerian 24 65Nigerian/English 29 74

Nigerian/White 29 74No answer specified 28 73North African 23 64Oriental 27 68Other African 24 65Other Asian 27 68

Pakeha 28 73Pakistani 13 13Pakistani/Asian 26 67Pakistani/English 30 75Pakistani Indian 26 67Pakistani/Indian 26 67Pakistani/Philippino 31 77Pakistani/White 30 75Palestinian 23 64Persian 23 64Persian/White 31 77Philippino 27 68Philippino/English 30 75Philippino/Pakistani 31 77Philippino/White 30 75Pink 28 11Polish 28 72Polish/English 31 76Polynesian 28 73Portuguese 28 72Portuguese/Black 29 74Portuguese/Goan 30 75Portuguese Indian 28 73Portuguese & Indian from Goa 30 75Portuguese Indian & Armenian 31 77

Quarter Caste 31 77

Refused to describe ethnic group 28 73Russian 28 72

Scottish 21 62Scottish Black 21 61Scottish/Black 29 74Scottish Indian 21 61Scottish/Indian 30 75Scottish/Venezuelan 31 77Second generation Indian immigrant 26 67Semitic 28 73Seychelles French 28 73Seychelles/French 30 75Seychelles/French/Chinese 31 77Sicily (Italian) 28 72Sikh 26 67Sinhalese 26 67sinhalese Asian 26 67Sinhalese Tamil 26 67

Sino European 28 73Sino Spanish 28 73Slavic 28 72Slavonic 28 72Somalian 24 65South African colored 24 65South American 28 73South American Demerara 28 73South American/European 31 77South American Indian 28 73South American/Indian 31 77

South American Halfcaste 31 77South American/White 31 77South East Asian 27 68Spanish 28 72Spanish/English 31 76Spanish/Indonesian 30 75

Sri Lankan 26 67Sri Lankan/Anglo Irish Filipino 30 75Sri Lankan/English 30 75Sri Lankan/Irish 30 75Sri Lankan Tamil 26 67Syrian extract 23 64

Tamil 26 67Tamil Mauritian 27 68Tamil Sinhalese 26 67Thai 27 68Tibetan 27 68Tongan 28 73Tongan/English 31 77Trinidadian/English 29 74Turkish 28 71Turkish Cypriot 28 71

Ugandan 24 65Ugandan Asian 25 66Ugandan/Asian 31 77UK/Mauritian 30 75UK West Indian 21 61UK/West Indian 29 74Ukrainian 28 72

Vietnamese 27 68

Welsh 21 62Welsh/Scottish/English 31 76West Indian 22 63West Indian/English 29 74West Indian/Italian 29 74West Slav 28 72

White 11 11White African 28 73White/African 29 74White Afro Caribbean 26 73White/American Negro 29 74White/American Red Indian 31 77White/Amerindian 31 77White & Arabic Jew 23 64White Armenian 26 72white/Armenian 31 76

White/Asian 30 75White Barbadian & Jamaican 29 74White/Berber 31 77White/Black 29 74White/Black Caribbean 29 74white/Caribbean 29 74white/Chinese 30 75White/Dominica 29 74White English/Black Jamaican 29 74white/Ethiopian 29 74White European 28 72White Jewish 28 73White Malaysian 28 73

White/Malaysian 30 75White/Maltese 31 76White Mauritian 28 73White/Mauritian 30 75White Mixed 31 76White/Pakistani 30 75White/Persian 31 77White/Philippino 30 75White/South American 31 77White/Sri Lankan 30 75White West Indian 28 73White/West Indian 29 74

Yellow 27 68Yorkshireman 21 62

Zimbabwe 24 65

B/3/INDEX GHSMigration Summary of countries

COUNTRIES: SUMMARY FRAME

UNITED KINGDOM

Code

England 1

Scotland 2

Wales 3

Northern Ireland 4

Channel Islands/Isle of Man 5Include GB/UK/British Isles (nes)

Republic of Ireland/Eire 6Include Ireland (North or South not specified)

European Union (EC) Countries 7

Other Europe 8

Old Commonwealth 9

New Commonwealth

India 10

East African New Commonwealth 11

Rest of African New Commonwealth 12

Caribbean Commonwealth 13

Mediterranean Commonwealth 14

Far East Commonwealth 15

Remainder New Commonwealth 16

Pakistan 17

Bangladesh 18

Rest of World

Africa 19

America 20

Asia - Middle East 21

Rest of Asia and Oceania 22

Answer too general to be given a specific country code, butperson born outside UK/Eire 23

Migration countries

COUNTRIES (Grouped)

UNITED KINGDOM

1 England2 Scotland3 Wales4 Northern Ireland5 Great Britain/UK/British Isles (not specified which part) incl.

Channel Islands & Isle of Man.

6 Irish Republic (Eire) (incl. Ireland N or S not specified).

7 European Union (EC) Countries

BelgiumDenmark (incl. Greenland)France (incl. Monaco)German Federal Republic (West Germany & East Germany)Germany (E or W)Italy (incl. San Marino & Vatican)Netherlands (Holland)LuxembourgGreecePortugal (incl. Azores & Madeira)Spain (incl. Balearic & Canary Islands)

8 Other Europe

AlbaniaAustriaBosnia HerzegovinaBulgariaConfederation of Independent StatesCroatiaCzech RepublicEstoniaFinland (incl. Aland Islands)Georgia (ex USSR)HungaryIcelandLatviaLithuaniaMacedoniaNorway; Svalband (incl. Spitsbergen); Jan MayenPolandRumaniaRussian Federation (ex USSR)SerbiaSlovakiaSloveniaSwedenSwitzerland (incl. Liechtenstein, Bvsingen and Campione)Ukraine(Yugoslavia)Other Western Europe:AndorraFaroe (Danish)Turkey

9 Old Commonwealth

Australia (incl. Tasmania)CanadaNew Zealand

10 India

India (incl. Jammu Kashmir and Sikkim)

11 East African Commonwealth

KenyaMalawi (Nyasaland)Tanzania (Tanganyika & Zanzibar & Pemba)UgandaZambia (Northern Rhodesia)

12 Rest of African Commonwealth

Botswana (Bechuanaland)SwazilandLesotho (Basutoland)The GambiaGhanaNigeriaSierra LeoneZimbabwe (Rhodesia)

13 Caribbean Commonwealth

BarbadosBelize (British Honduras)Guyana (ax. British Guiana)JamaicaTrinidad & TobagoOther West Indies:Antigua (incl. Barbuda)*Dominica (Windward Isles)Grenada (Windward Isles)St Kitts-Nevis Anguilla*St Lucia (Windward Isles)Bahamas (Commonwealth of the)St Vincent (Windward Isles)Bermuda (Br.)Cayman Islands (Br.)Montserrat* (Br.)Turks & Caicos Islands (Br.)British Virgin Islands

West Indies (nes)

*Leeward Isles

14 Mediterranean Commonwealth

CyprusGibraltar (Br.)Malta

15 Far East Commonwealth

Hong KongMalaysia (incl. Sarawak & Sabah N Borneo)Singapore

16 Remainder New Commonwealth

BruneiPapua New GuineaMiscellaneous Islands in Pacific:Solomon IslandsKiribati (Gilbert Islands)Nauru (Republic of)Pitcairn Islands (Br.)Western SamoaTongaTuvalu (Ellice Islands)Vanuatu (New Hebrides)

Australian Dependencies:Cocos (Keeling) IslandsChristmas IslandNorfolk IslandHeard and McDonald Islands

New Zealand Dependencies:Cook IslandsNiueTokelau

Commonwealth Islands in Indian Ocean:

British Indian Ocean Territory:Chagos ArchipelagoMauritiusSeychelles

Islands in South Atlantic:Falkland IslandsAscensionSt HelenaTristan da CunhaGough

Sri Lanka (Ceylon)

17 Pakistan

18 Bangladesh (East Pakistan)

19 Rest of World - Africa

French Territory of the Afars and Issas (French Somaliland) (Djibouti)AlgeriaAngola (incl. Cabinda)Benin (ex Dahomey)BurundiCameroon RepublicCentral African Republic (ex Empire)ChadCongo (Democratic Republic)Djibouti (Republic of)EgyptEquatorial Guinea (ex Spanish)Ethiopia (Abyssinia)GabonGuinea (Republic of)Guinea Bissau (incl. Cape Verde Islands - ex Port Guinea)

Ivory CoastLiberiaMalagasy Republic (Madagascar)MaliMauritaniaMorocco (incl. Western Sahara, Ceuta & Helilla)MozambiqueNigerRwandaSenegalSomali Republic (Somalia)South AfricaSudanTogaTunisiaUpper Volta/Burkina FasoZaire (Congo)Libya

Other Africa:Comoros (Islands)Reunion (Fr.)Sao Tome and PrincipeNamibiaMayotte (Fr.)

20 America

USA (incl. 'America' nes)ArgentinaBoliviaBrazilChileColombiaCost RicaCubaDominican RepublicEcuadorGuatemalaFrench GuianaNetherlands Guiana (Surinam)HaitiHondurasMexicoNicaraguaPanama (md. Canal Zone)ParaguayPeruPuerto Rico (US)El SalvadorUruguayVenezuelaOthers:Guadeloupe (Fr.)Martinique (Fr.)Netherlands Antilles (Curacao)St Pierre & Miquelon (Fr.)Virgin Islands (US)

21 Asia - Middle East

BahrainIran (Persia)IraqIsrael

JordanKuwaitLebanonOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaSouth Yemen (People's Democratic Republic of) (Aden)SyriaThe United Arab Emirates (Trucial States)The Yemen Arab Republic (The Yemen)

22 Rest of Asia and Oceania

AfghanistanBhutanBurmaChina (incl. Tibet) (People's Republic of, incl. 'China' nes) China (Rep. of) (Formosa or Taiwan)Indonesia (incl. East Timor)Japan (incl. Okinawa & Ryukyu Islands)Kampuchea (Cambodia)N Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)South Korea (Republic of)Korea (not specified whether N or S)LaosMacao (Port.)MaldivesMongolia (People's Republic of)NepalPhilippinesThailand (Siam)Vietnam (Socialist Republic of)Pacific Islands:FijiCarolines (US Trust)Guam (US)Marianas (US Trust)Marshall Islands (US Trust)Midway Islands (US)New Caledonia (Fr.)French PolynesiaAmerican Samoa (East Samoa) incl. Johnston Islands.Wake Island (US)Wallis & Futuna Islands (Fr.)

23 Answer too general to be given a specific country code, but person born outside UK/Eire.

COUNTRY OF BIRTHCOUNTRIES (ALPHABETICAL LIST)

COUNTRY CODE

Aden (now South Yemen) 21Afghanistan 22Aland Island 8Albania 8Algeria 19America (nes) 20American Samoa (E Samoa) 22Andorra 8Angola (incl. Cabinda) 19Antigua (Br.) 13Argentina 20Ascension Islands (Br.) 16Australia 9Austria 8Azores (Port.) 7Bahamas 13Bahrain 21Bangladesh 18Balearic Islands (Sp.) 7Barbados 13Barbuda 13Belgium 7Belize (ex Br Honduras) 13Benin (ex Dahomey) 19Bermuda (Br.) 13Bhutan 22Bolivia 20Bosnia - Herzegovina 8Botswana (Bechuanaland) 12Brazil 20Britain (part not specific) 5British Honduras (Belize) 13British Virgin Islands 13Burundi (ex Br.) 16Bulgaria 8Burma 22Burundi 19Bvsingen 8Byelorussia (Russian Fed.) 8

(Kampuchea)Cambodia (Khmer Republic) 22Cameroon Republic 19Campione 8Canada 9Canary Islands (Sp.) 7Cape Verde Islands 19Caroline Islands (USA) 22Cayman Islands (Br.) 13Central African Republic 19(ex Empire)Ceuta (Sp.) 19Ceylon (Sri Lanka) 16Chad 19Chagos Archipelago 16Chile 20

China (nes) 22China (People's Republic) 22China (Republic of Taiwan) 22Christmas Island (Australia) 16Cocos Islands (Australia) 16Colombia 20Comoros 19Confederation of IndependentStates 8Congo (Democratic Republic) 19Congolese Republic 19(now Zaire)Cook Islands (NZ) 16Costa Rica 20Croatia 8Cuba 20Curacao 20Cyprus 14Czech Republic 8Dahomey (Benin) 19Denmark 7Djibouti (Republic of) 19Dominica 13Dominican Republic 20Ecuador 20Egypt (UAR) 19Eire 6Ellice Islands 16El Salvador 20Eguatorial Guinea 19Estonia 8Ethiopia (Abyssinia) 19Falkland Islands (Br.) 16Faroe Islands (Den.) 8Fiji 22Finland 8Formosa (Taiwan) 22France 7French Guiana 20French Polynesia 22French Territory of the Afars& Issas (French Somaliland)(Djibouti) 19Gabon 19Gambia 12Georgia (ex USSR) 8Germany 7Germany (formerly German Democratic Republic) 7Germany W. (Fed. Rep.) 7Ghana 12Gibraltar (Br.) 14Gilbert Islands (Kiribati) 16Goa (now India) 10Great Britain (Part not spec.) 05Greece 7Greenland (Denmark) 7Grenada 13Gough 16Guadeloupe (Fr.) 20Guam Island (USA) 22Guatemala 20Guinea (Republic) 19Guinea Bissau 19Guyana (ex British Guiana) 13Haiti 20Heard Island 16

Honduras 20Hong Kong (Br.) 15Hungary 8Iceland 8India 10Indonesia 22Iran (Persia) 21Ireland (N or S not spec.) 6Irish Republic (Eire) . 6Iraq 21Israel 21Italy 7Ivory Coast 19Jamaica 13Jan Mayen 8Japan 22Johnston Islands 22Jordan 21Kampuchea 22Keeling Islands (Australia) 16Kenya 11Kiribati (Gilbert Islands) 16Korea (N or S not spec.) 22Korea North 22Korea South 22Kuwait 21Laos 22Latvia 8Lebanon 21Lesotho (ex Basutoland) 12Liberia 19Libya 19Liechtenstein 8Lithuania 8Luxembourg 7Leeward Islands (Br.) 13Macedonia (ex Yugoslavia) 8Macao (Port.) 22Madeira (Port.) 7MadagascarMalagasy Republic 19Malawi 11Malaysia 15Maldive Islands 22Mali 19Malta 14Marianas Islands (USA) 22Marshall Islands (USA) 22Martinique (Fr.) 20Mauritania 19Mauritius 16Mayotte (Fr.) 19McDonald Islands 16Melilla (Sp.) 19Mexico 20Midway Islands (USA) 22Monaco 7Mongolia 22Monserrat (Br.) l3Montenegro (Yugoslavia) 8Morocco (incl. WesternSahara) (ex Spanish) 19Mozambique 19Myanma (Burma) 22Namibia 19Nauru 16

Nepal 22Netherlands (Holland) 7Netherlands Antilles 20Netherlands Guiana (Surinam) 20New Caledonia (Fr.) 22New Guineau Territory 16New Hebrides (Br.)(nowVenuatu) 16New Hebrides (Fr.)(nowVenuatu) 16New Zealand 9Nicaragua 20Niger 19Nigeria 12Niue 16Norfolk Islands (Australia) 16Norway 8Oman 21Pakistan 17Panama (Republic of) 20Panama Canal Zone (USA) (nowas above) 20Papua New Guinea 16Paraguay 20Pemba 11Peru 20Philippines 22Pitcairn Islands (Br.) 16Poland 8Portugal 7Portuguese Guinea (nowGuinea Bissau) 19Portuguese Timor (EastTimor) (now pt. Indonesia) 22Puerto Rico (USA) 20Qatar 21Reunion Island (Fr.) 19Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) 12Romania 8Russia 8Russian Federation 8Rwanda 19Sabah (N Borneo)Malaysia 16St Helena(Br.) 16St Kitts - NevisAnguilla(Br.) 13St Lucia 13St Pierre & Miquelon (Fr.) 20St Vincent 13El Salvador 20Samoa - East (US) 22Samoa - Western 16San Marino 7Sao Tome & Principe 19Sarawak (Malaysia) 16Saudi Arabia 21Senegal 19Serbia (ex Yugoslavia) 8Seychelles (Br.) 16Sierre Leone 12Sikkim (India) 10Singapore 15Slovakia (ax Czechoslovakia) 8Slovenia 8Solomon Islands 16

Somali Republic 19South Africa 19South Yemen (People'sDemocratic Republic of)(Aden) 21Spain 7Sri Lanka (Ceylon) 16Sudan 19Surinam (ex Neth Guiana) 20Svalband (incl. Spilsberger) 8Swaziland 12Sweden 8Switzerland 8Syria 21Taiwan (Formosa) 22Tanzania (Zanzibar) 11Thailand (Siam) 22Tibet (China) 22Timor-East (Indonesia) 22Tobago (Trinidad) 13Togo 19Tokelau Islands (NZ) 16Tonga 16Trinidad 13Tristan da Cunha (Br.) 16Trucial Stats (United ArabEmirates) 21Tunisia 19Turkey 8Thrks & Caicos Islands (Br) 13Tuvalu 16Uganda 11Ukraine 8United Kingdom (part notspec. but involving ChannelIsles and IOM): 5England 1Scotland 2Wales 3Northern Ireland 4United Arab Republic (Egypt) 19United Arab Emirates 21Upper Volta 19Uruguay 20USA 20Vanuatu (New Hebrides) 16Vatican 7Venezuela 20

Vietnam (SocialistRepublic of) 22Virgin Islands (USA) 20Virgin Islands (Br.) 13Wake Islands (USA) 22Wallis & Futuna Islands(Fr.) 22Windward Isles (Br.) 13West Indies (nes) 13Yemen & Arab Republic 21Yemen-South (People's Republic) 21Yugoslavia 8Zaire 19Zambia 11Zanzibar (Tanzania) 11Zimbabwe (Rhodesia) 12

EMPLOYMENT EDITING INSTRUCTIONS

WorklWk1 / Work1Wk2

“Working” includes:

Members of limited companies (who are always employees). They must be accepted as working whether they actually do anything or not.

Informants currently receiving holiday pay from their previous employer after they have actually left the job, including informants on terminal leave from the Forces.

Seasonal, occasional or casual workers only if they worked last week.

NB Do not include unpaid family workers, not even people working for a related member of the same household (eg wives working unpaid in their husband's business) who see themselves as working.

WorklWk3

Note:

It is acceptable for a full-time student or someone at school to be coded looking for work here if they were looking for work last week.

Handicapped people attending occupation centers should be included in code 4 here, even though they may class themselves as working. Earnings from these centers usually amount to a few pounds per week for a fairly large number of hours of "work".

Govschem

There is a soft check if YT is coded but the person is aged 20 or over.

Check with Income and Health. SUPPRESS this message if the information is correct eg 2 year YT is open to disabled people aged 16-21 who recently left full-time education.

There is a soft check if Training for work/ET is coded and age is 60 or over.

People aged 60-62 are now eligible for ET. Check with Income. SUPPRESS this check if the information is correct.

Trn

There is a check that if Trn = 1 (with an employer), then either WorklWk1 or Worklwk2 must be 1.

If the person is genuinely on YT/ET with an employer, then they should be counted as working - amend WorklWk1 to 1.

UnempTim

Include in code 1 (less than a week) if the informant had already found a job before becoming unemployed and had chosen to wait before starting a new job, so was not looking for work during the period of unemployment.

SelfEmp

There is a hard check on being on a government scheme last week and SelfEmp - self-employed people receiving enterprise allowance are not treated as, being on a government scheme.

NOTES (if interviewer notes occur at this question)

Priests: In general accept whether employed or self-employed. If there are queries treat C of E as employee, Non conformist as employee, Catholic as employee, Jehovah's witnesses as self-employed.

Sub postmasters:

i. Where the informant is only a sub postmaster he is an employee.

ii. If the informant has been able to split days/hours and income for sub postmaster and own business - accept how it is coded.

iii. If the informant has been unable to split these aspects and an amount has been given as all income from self-employment - accept it all as one self-employed job, coding occupation and industry to the shopkeeper's job.

Nemplee

Recode all answers coded 9 (specified at XNemplee) into codes 1-8.

WorkHrsNotes:

1. If hours vary within a set pattern (eg 48 hours one week, 44 another) take the mean (in this case 46).

2. For people who work regularly as employees but not every week, code the number of hours as a weekly average eg 4 hours every other week - code as 2 hours per week.

3. Overtime should be included for the self-employed. For the employed overtime is excluded unless:

i) it is compulsoryii) where some form of "flexitime" system is worked and no compensatory time is taken off.

4. Days at college for day release etc should be included in hours worked.

5. For people working short time code the number of hours usually worked i.e. when not on short time.

6. Employees who do not actually work - code as 1 hour per week (mainly limited company directors).

JobTime

If the informant has worked on and off for his/her present employer, ignore all previous spells of employment and code only the length of time in the current spell (eg casual workers).

A soft check will be activated if the person is on YT and JobTime is coded 6-8. YT does not generally last more than 2 years. SUPPRESS this check if the information is correct eg the person is on YT and is disabled and the period has been extended.

A soft check will be occur if the person is on Training for work/ET and JobTime is coded 5-8. ET does not normally last more than 1 year. SUPPRESS this check if there is a note that the information is correct; otherwise refer to s/v.

BenOff - IncSup

“Claiming” benefit rather than receiving it is what counts here. Therefore, even if a claim made last week has been disallowed or the outcome is not known, the answer should be Yes.

Unemployment benefit is normally paid fortnightly so the question should be coded Yes if the person's claim covered last week.

Activity

Recode answers at code 5 (specified at XActivity) where possible into codes 1-4, using the following notes.

Code 1 (going to school or college full-time):

This code should be used for students aged less than 50 attending school or college full-time only.

Include unpaid vocational training on courses which involve attending both college and work eg student physiotherapists/radiographers. Also include nurses training under the Project 2000 scheme.

Part-time students, including those studying independently eg by correspondence, Open University etc, should be coded 2, 3 or 4 if one of those codes applies. Use code 5 as a last resort.

There is a hard check that persons coded full-time students must be aged 16-49.

Recode to 2, 3 or 4 as appropriate, or use code 5 as a last resort.

Code 2 (permanently unable to work):

This code should be used for those whose inability to work is due to their own health problems or disability.

There is a hard check that persons coded permanently unable to work must be aged 16-64 if male, 16-59 if female.

Recode to 3 or 4 (or 5) as appropriate if male aged 65 or over or female aged 60 or over.

Code 3 (retired):

Women who at a comparatively early age cease work in order to become housewives, or who have never worked, are excluded.

Include people who have taken early retirement and are not seeking employment.

There is a hard check that women coded retired must be aged 50 or over. Recode 4 or 5 as appropriate if female aged 50 or over.

Code 4 (looking after home or family):

Domestic duties include looking after children or sick relatives. Include men who are looking after the home or family (provided codes 1-3 do not apply).

Code 5 (doing something else):

Include the following as long as none of codes 1-4 applies:

Full-time students aged 50 or overTemporarily sick and not looking for workElderly people who live with relativesAttending a training center for handicapped (mentally or physically)Unpaid voluntary work; unpaid work trainingLonger term sick who would otherwise be looking for work

UnpaidWk

Note that the business must be owned by the spouse/partner or other relative, not by the informant.

The relative can be inside or outside the household.

PENSIONS EDITING INSTRUCTIONS

PersPens and EverPers and OthPers

Exclude AVCs (Additional Voluntary Contributions) and FSAVCs (Free Standing AVCs) - these do not count as personal pensions, but are extra contributions to an employer's pension scheme.

PersCont

Include extra contributions made by someone else on the informant's behalf eg spouse or parent.

EDUCATION EDITING INSTRUCTIONS

EdTyp

Recode answers at code 4 (specified at XEdTyp) into codes 1 - 3 or 5 where possible.

MAX MC =3

Note that the question refers to who runs the classes.

Code 1 includes: Adult Institute, Adult Education Center, any classes run by the Local Education Authority; local council; Community/Village College; Community Center; Community school; local authority leisure center, City Leisure Services, Worcester; Stockport Schools Orchestra.

Code 3: excludes

University of the Third Age (code 4), university where the course leads to a qualification and open university courses (should appear at PresEd).

Code 4: includes

Leisure center (nes), in church hall (nes), RAF school, Red Cross; Civil Service Recreational Center; Hospital, Charity; University of the Third Age, Aerobics class (nes); Social ServicesIf it is not clear who runs the class, use code 4.eg Local authority leisure center = code 1 but local leisure center or fitness center (nes) should be coded 4 as should local church hall (nes).

New code:

Code 5 privately run classes

It must be stated or it must be obvious from the description that the class is private.

eg Private aerobics class; private class in local village hall, local church group - private group; private music tutor; Rugby Club, Sports Club, Women's Institute; Workers Education Authority, Dancing Club; Dancing School, Keep Fit Association.

AgeLftSc

There is a soft check if AgeLftsc = 20 or more. The interviewer should have checked that the person left school (NOT COLLEGE) at this age. If age is correct SUPPRSSS this check.

School includes sixth Form College, Technical School and City Technology College.

If the informant is coded as a student last week in Employment but has now left and is not intending to continue full-time education treat as having left school.

PresEd

Notes: Include

Any course attended at any type of college of further education, university, teacher training establishment, polytechnic etc, including secretarial courses and courses at military colleges, such as Sandhurst, which lead to a qualification.

- Open University courses and other correspondence courses.

- Training given to nurses, physiotherapists, radiographers, and similar paramedical professions.

- Day-release courses.

- Sandwich and block-release courses. (Sandwich courses tend to be up to 6 months in college and 6 months at work; block-release courses average l8 weeks or less in college per year.

- ET or YT courses at recognised educational institutions (usually Technical Colleges). Include as further education if any part involves attendance at a recognised educational institution.

- Unpaid vocational training at any type of College.

- Courses at Tertiary Colleges (recode from 'still at school' if necessary).

Notes: Exclude

- Leisure classes (where the course does not normally lead to an examination or qualification). [See FuthrEd]

- Paid vocational or in-service training (such as that given to members of the police or fire service) - because courses are run by the employer. (But remember that training given to nurses, physiotherapists, nursery nurses etc is included).

- Job re-training such as that provided by government Skill Centers.

- Studying on own (apart from Open university and correspondence courses) where the informant is not receiving any form of tuition, nor studying for an exam, or only getting practical experience.

EdNow

There is a soft check that EdNow should be 1 (Studying at a college on a YT or Employment Training (ET) program) if the person is on YT/ET at college in the Employment section.

Check that the person really is on YT/ET:

- if yes, then recode EdNow to 1.

Suppress the check:

- if there is an interviewer note indicating that the person is no longer on YT/ET or is not at a recognised educational establishment/ college.

FuthrEd

See notes at PresEd on what to include/exclude to resolve queries.

Exclude - in service training organised or run by the informant's employer e.g. courses run by the police, civil service and local education authorities.

LastSch

Recode ALL answers from code 6 (specified at XLastSch) into precodes 1-5, using the following notes:

code 1: Includes

Primary and elementary schoolsSecondary schools - grammar; secondary modern, comprehensive; sixth form college; community school or college, Public school, private school.Central SchoolTechnical SchoolCity Technology College

Special schools for the physically and mentally handicapped; ESN schools.Note: When recoding to 1, check with AgeLftFt and AgeLftSc eg if left 6th form college at 18 then AgeLftSc must be 18.

code 2- Includes

doctors who did practical work as part of their training in a (teaching) hospital

code 2. Excludes

Open University - this is part-time education so should not appear here.

code 3 Includes

All polytechnics, known as central institutions in Scotland.

code 4. Includes

All nurses, physiotherapists and others trained in paramedical subjects except those who attended a university or polytechnic full time.

code 4 Excludes

doctors; their practical work forms part of their degree course, and hence should be coded to 'university'.

code 5 includes

All other colleges of further education provided the course lasted at least 3 months, and was run by an educational establishment, either in the State or private sector eg Teacher Training College; College of Further Education, Technical College.

Notes

1. The last school or college attended full-time is required (inthe UK or abroad).

2. An informant interviewed between courses should be coded to the type last attended full-time.

3. The status at the time of attending the establishment eg polytechnic when attended but afterwards became university should be coded as polytechnic.

4. Full-time courses of under 3 months should be excluded.

5. Courses given by an employer to train employees (eg fire service, police, civil service, Armed Forces, local education authorities) should be excluded.

6. Job retraining at government Skill Centers should be excluded.

7. Foreign schools/colleges should be included in the equivalent GBcode.

AgeLftFt

There is a hard check that the age left full time education cannot be less than the age left school.

QualsB - OualsD

General points

The information given at QualDesc - Exam will be used to check the correctness of the precoding of codes 2-5 at LevCode3.

The qualifications will be checked against the Census Qualified Manpower Index (see Level of Qualifications later).

Codes 6 and 8 will also be checked.

Either the qualification will have been coded correctly and the code will be accepted, or it will be recoded into one of the precodes at LevCodel, LevCode2 or LevCode3, or into new code 9 at LevCode3, (or it will be left in code 6 or 8).

New Code: MC

Other “C” level qualifications 9

Notes on editing Educational Qualifications

Sources of reference are as follows and should be consulted in the Order given here

1. GHS Editing Instructions

DeletionsForeign QualificationsExams taken in SchoolOther exams taken in school (incl. local school certs.)ApprenticeshipsCommercial QualificationsTechnical QualificationsNursing QualificationsTeaching QualificationsUniversity Diplomas etc.First degreeHigher degreesOther 'C' level qualifications (code 9 at LevCode3)Other Qualifications (code 8 at LevCode3)Level of Qualifications and additional codeKey to 1991 Census Qualified Manpower indexNotes on using the QM index

2. Qualified Manpower Index (QM Index): compiled for the 1991 Census

Qualifications are listed in the QM index under awarding institution.

QUALIFICATIONS TO BE DELETED ALTOGETHER

GENERAL POINTS

1. Examination results not yet known should be deleted.

2. Partially completed qualifications

(i). These should be deleted eg first year of City and Guilds Craft Course; BEC/TEC level 1 or 2 or 3, Tech I or II.

Note that Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE) and Certificate of Higher Education (CertHE), which are equivalent of 2 years/1 year of a 3 year CNAA degree course, are qualifications in their own right and should be coded 9 at LevCode3.

(ii). Intermediate Exams/Qualifications - Sometimes 'Intermediate' can refer to a completed qualification eg City and Guilds Intermediate, Intermediate Bachelor of Laws Exam - (Code 9 at LevCode3), or more often an exam taken before the final stage eg Intermediate Certificate/Exam of the Institute of Chartered Accountants.

Where 'Intermediate' does refer to a completed qualification (see QM index) - code accordingly. If it does not refer to a completed qualification do NOT code that qualification if the informant has also obtained the relevant final or other higher qualification of the same type.

(iii). Credits from Open University - where degree not completed (ie under 6 credits).

3. Qualification issued by employers (other than those covered by the 'Specific Qualifications' to be deleted), should be referred to S/V. Most of them will be deleted but each case will be considered individually.

4. Repeated Subjects for the same qualification eg the same subjects may be taken in consecutive years for 'A' levels in order to obtain higher grades, or shorthand and typing qualifications at different speeds may be shown. In these cases the qualification should be coded once only for the higher grade.

SPECIFIC QUALIFICATIONS TO BE DELETED ALTOGETHER

1. Apprenticeship qualifications are sometimes awarded automatically when an apprenticeship has been completed eg 'Master Butcher's Federal Diploma'. In these cases the apprenticeship as such is coded and the 'award' deleted.

2. Board of Trade only accept if in Census and index.

3. Civil Service Examinations for entrance, promotion, establishment, typing etc.

4. Dancing awards (but NOT ballet qualifications which should be coded 8 Other at LevCode3).

5. Drawing Certificates awarded by the Royal Drawing Society.

6. Driving Certificates and Driving Instructor's qualifications including Heavy Goods Vehicle Licence. 7. Fellow: If not covered by Census index.

8. Fire brigade examinations.

9. First Aid Certificates (delete all Red Cross/St John's Ambulance qualifications). But include first aid as a SCOTVEC module.

10. Forces trade qualifications other than those which are recognized apprenticeships or Forces Education Certificates (code 8 Other at LevCode3).

11. Government Training Center (GTC)/Skill Center courses or awards. TOPS/JTS/YTS courses - unless a recognized qualification eg RSA/GCE was obtained.

12. GPO telecommunications, telegraphy etc.

13. Local Authority examinations for entrance, promotion, etc in Local Authority Service.

14. Merchant Navy - only accept if in Census index.

15. Mining deputies/shot firers/foremen etc - designations awarded by employers including the NCB but not qualifications awarded by the Mining Qualifications Board.

16. Music Grade examinations and certificates for learners (eg Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music).

17. Nursing qualifications obtained by qualified nurses after taking supplementary courses (unless shown in the QM Index).

18. Ordination/lay preaching qualifications.

19. Play Group leader's qualifications.

20. Police force examinations.

21. Prison/Borstal training qualifications.

22. Scholarships other than for GCE 'A' level.

23. Speech/elocution examinations (other than those in the Census Index).

24. Swimming Certificates include life saving and instructors' certificates.

25. Sports coaching and refereeing qualifications.

26. Union Membership eq Equity, National Association of Head Teachers. IPCS (Institute of Professional Civil Servants).

27. Internal school examinations.

28. Pre HNC/HND bridging or conversion courses. 29. Forces Preliminary Examinations (to gain admission to university).

FOREIGN QUALIFICATIONS

All qualifications either taken abroad or where the awarding body was overseas (including Eire, but not Northern Ireland) should be coded as follows:-

Foreign school exams Code 9 at LevCode1Other non-school foreign qualifications Code 7 at LevCode3

It is possible to obtain GCSE and some other British qualifications abroad.

British Forces qualifications taken abroad should always be treated as British.

Unless there is evidence to prove that the awarding institution is British treat the qualification as foreign, eg 'Australian equivalent of 'A' level'; a degree taken in France.

Note that 'City and Guilds (Higher)' are for the most part considered to be foreign qualifications - if in doubt refer to S/V.

Remember to check the 'deletion' notes before using code 7 when recoding.

EXAMS TAKEN IN SCHOOL

NB If you need to recode any exams, make sure you take a note of all the details, including the number of subjects etc, before you make any amendments.

CSE

There is a check between CSE and Age in the household box.Age must be 45 or over as CSE could not be taken before 1965.

Unless there are any notes which indicate that the exam was something other than CSE eg a foreign exam which should be recoded, then delete CSE here and recode to code 8 Other at LevCode3.

There is also a check that AgeLftSc must be 15 or more if car is coded.

CSE was rarely taken outside school, at an age of 15 or over.Unless there are any notes which indicate that the exam was not CSE, in which case recode, then delete CSE here and recode to code 8 Other at Levcode3.

School certificate or matric

There is a check between Matric and Age in the household box, which should be 58 or more.

School Certificate/Matric could not be taken before 1917 or after 1950.Check whether this is a foreign Matric or a “local” school leaving certificate, not THE School certificate, and if so, recode.If there is no other information, then delete Matric here and recode8 Other at LevCode3.

There is also a check that AgeLftSc must be 15 or more. Matric was taken when at least 15.Unless there are any notes or other information which indicate that the

exam was not Matric, (in which case recode accordingly, then delete Matric here and recode 8 Other at LevCode3.

Olevel

There is a check that if this is coded 1 (obtained before 1975), then the age must be 34 or over.

Unless there are any clarifying notes or information, recode to code 2 Grades A, B, C.

ScotExam

There is a check that if coded 1 (SLC Lower grade or SUPE), then AgeLftSc must be 16 or more.

Unless there are any notes or information to clarify the coding, delete SLC Lower grade/SUPE here and recode 8 Other at LevCode3.

There is a check that SCE Ordinary grade before 1973 is coded (code 2), then age must be 36 or more.

Unless there are any clarifying notes or information, recode to 3 SCE Ordinary grade bands A, B, C.

Code 9 (None) - If the interviewer has noted the type of exam, see notes at Other Exams taken in School below on how to recode.

NSub

If a subject was passed more than once at the same level it should be counted once only.

There is a check at School Certificate/Matric that the number of subjects must be at least 5.

A minimum of 5 subjects was required to matriculate. If less than 5 subjects, delete School Certificate or Matric (code 6) at LevCodel and recode 8 Other at LevCode3.

OTHER EXAMS TAKEN IN SCHOOL

Apart from the precoded types of exams other School exams or certificates may be recorded, usually at Other at LevCode3, and are to be treated as follows -

1. Attestation of Fitness - can be awarded for either SUPE or SCE Higher or for GCE 'A' levels in Scotland. Code whichever it is; if not stated code as 8 (SLC/SCE/SUPE at higher grade or Cert of Sixth Year Studies) at ScotExam.

2. CEE (Certificate of Extended Education) - This examination could not be taken before 1974. It is taken at 16 or over and in school only. Grades 1-3 = CSE grade 1 - Code 2 at CSELev; grades 4 or 5= CSE grades 2-5 - code 3 at CSELev. If the grade is 'unclassified' or not given - CSE ungraded/DK grade - code 1 at CSELev.

3. 16+ exam/Certificate - This was originally intended to replace CSE and GCE. If graded A, B or C = CSE grade 1 - code 2 at CSELev.If graded D or E = CSE Grades 2-5 - code 3 at CSELev.If graded 1, 2 or 3 = GCE '0' level - code 2 at Olevel.If not graded - code 1 (Ungraded) at CSELev.

4. International Baccalaureate. This is equivalent to 'A' level, if obtained in the UK - code 4 (no grade or DK grade) at ALevel; if not - code 9 at LevCodel.

5. Use of English - code 8 (Other) at LevCode3.

6. Irish School Certificate (Northern Ireland) - treat as School Certificate -code 6 at LevCodel, unless described as 'Junior', which should be coded 8 (Other) at LevCode3.

7. Northern Ireland Senior Certificate - treat as 'A' level - code 4 (no grade or DK grade) at ALevel or as '0' level - code 1 at OLevel, depending on the age left school or level attained; if level not known, treat as '0' level.

8. Scottish Day School Certificate - this is a certificate of attainment given without exam, normally at 15. (Do not confuse with the old Scottish Leaving Certificate awarded at 17, or with its successor, the Scottish Certificate of Education, whose Ordinary Grade can be taken at age 16). It should be DELETED.

9. Senior Leaving Certificate (Scotland) - introduced as the Leaving Certificate in 1880, its title was changed to Senior Leaving Certificate in 1939 and it was replaced by the Scottish Leaving Certificate in 1950. Senior Leaving Certificates obtained from 1939 to 1949 (inclusive) should be coded as Higher Level (code 8 SLC/SCE/SUPE at higher grade at ScotExam).

10. Oxford and Cambridge Senior and Junior examinations - the Senior corresponds roughly to the later General School Certificate. Both should be coded as Other code 8 at LevCode3.

11. School Certificates or Junior Leaving Certificates set by LOCAL Boards - ie to provide some piece of paper to show employers where informants have not taken any of the national exams - should be coded Other code 8 at LevCode3. They were mainly awarded before the advent of the CSE in 1965. (But see also 8, 9 and 10)

12. Regional Examining Union (REU) SCHOOL Certificates - these fulfilled the same purpose as the local Certificates and should likewise be coded as Other code 8 at LevCode3.( However, recode to code 2 (clerical & commercial) at LevCode2 if at least one subject is commercial).

The boards are:

1. EMEU - East Midland Educational Union

2. NWRAC - North Western Regional Advisory Council for Further Education

(ULCI - Union of Lancashire and Cheshire Institutes incorporated in NWRAC)

3. NCTEC - Northern Counties Technical Examinations Council

4. WJEC - Welsh Joint Education Committee

5. WMAC - West Midlands Advisory Council

(UEI - Union of Educational Institutions incorporated in WMAC)

6. YHCFE - Yorkshire and Humberside Council for Further Education

(YCFE - Yorkshire Council for Further Education - as YHCFE)

NB Use code 8 Other at LevCode3 for SCHOOL Certificates awarded by REUs.

REUs also set commercial and technical examinations - see note (d) of Clerical and Commercial qualifications.

13. Royal Society of Arts (RSA) SCHOOL Certificates - code 8 at LevCode3

NB RSA set commercial and technical exams. See note (a) of Clerical and Commercial qualifications.

Code 8 at LevCode3 should be used for all RSA exams not covered by the commercial and technical instructions.

14. Pitman's SCHOOL Certificate - code 8 at LevCode3

NB Pitman's commercial subjects - see note (b) of Clerical and Commercial qualifications.

15. College of Preceptors School Certificate and Senior Certificate - code 8 at LevCode3.

LevCode2

CLERICAL AND COMMERCIAL OUALIFICATIONS - CODE 2

Code 2 should be used for ALL such qualifications which do not go beyond 'A' level.

Include in code 2.

(a) RSA - provided at least one subject is ‘Commercial'.incl. the RSA School Certificate (Commercial) but NOT their other School Certificates. It is possible to take single subjects which are not 'commercial' eq English - these should be coded 8 Other at LevCode3.

'Commercial' subjects include: Commerce; Shorthand; Typing; book-keeping, machine accounting/calculating; office practice; storekeeping; audio-typewriting; commercial law; coat accounting; secretarial duties, company law, quantitative methods in business; office supervision; General principles of English Law. If in doubt about whether a subject is 'commercial' or not refer to S/V.

(b) Pitmans - except for their School Certificate.

(c) London Chamber of Commerce (incl. their School Certificate or Commercial Education)

(d) Regional Examining Union (REU) COMMERCIAL awards: ie those where at least one subject is commercial. For a list of the Regional Examining Unions see note 12, 'Other School Exams'.

(e) (SCOT)BEC qualifications in Secetarial and Office work.(NB (SCOT)BEC National/General/Higher Diplomas and Certificates should be coded 7 or 8 - see instructions on technical qualifications).

(f) All secretarial bookkeeping shorthand/typing, comptometer etc exams but NOT, accountancy exams, CSE/SCE/GCE qualifications in such subjects, or commercial exams set by the Forces.

NB City and Guilds do not set exams in commercial subjects.

TECHNICAL QUALIFICATIONS - CODES 3-10

1. City and Guilds - the certificates of the City and Guilds of London Institute (CGLI) are divided into 3 levels, denoted by Codes 3, 4 and 5. The most common names are shown at the question, in addition include the following -

Basic Level - Code 3: Basic; basic craft; basic operative; junior operative, advanced operative; higher operative; craftsman, Stage I; Junior craftsman; plant operation; mechanic's certificate/course, maker's certificate/course, worker's certificate/course; workshop practice, craft.

Advanced Level - Code 4. Advanced craft, technicians final; advanced technician, Stage II; Technicians Inter, technicians (nes); Higher technicians Technician Part I.

Technology Level - Code 5. Technology; Management (principles), Stage III; Foremanship, Supervisory Level, Organisation, Advanced course, Advanced Studies, Administration; Licentiateship.

Teaching Oualifications - should be coded 2 or 9 at LevCode3 as directed in the indexes

NB Sometimes course numbers are mentioned only eg C & G 150. As a last resort use code 3.

2. ONC/OND/HNC/HND - Codes 7 and 8 include the qualifications shown at the question - Certificate = part-time; diploma = full-time.

Endorsement subjects should be coded the same as the original qualification. (They are taken to pass in a subject not originally taken, usually in order to obtain a professional qualification or exemption therefrom). This applies in particular to HNC/HND. The HNC of Supplementary Study or Post HNC should be treated in the same way. HEC (Higher Endorsed Certificate) should be coded 8.

3. BEC/TEC/BTEC - Codes 6, 7 and 8

Awards issued by BTEC have replaced the awards from BEC/TEC (which in most cases replaced ONC/OND etc).(BTEC should not be confused with BTech which is Bachelor of Technology degree.)

BTEC First award - Include BTEC First Certificate/Diploma (The first awards are equivalent to GCSE).

If the BEC/TEC award was not the National/General Certificate or Diploma or the Higher Certificate or Higher Diploma, then if it is a commercial qualification it should be coded 2, and if a technical qualification it should be coded 3.

SCOTVEC Higher National Certificate or Diploma should be coded 8.

4. Other technical exams to be included in Code 3

i. Regional Examining Union Awards - ic, those explicitly technical and all those technical awards where none of the subjects passed is commercial.

ii. Industry Training Boards eg Engineering (EITB); Construction (CITB).

iii. RSA - School Certificate (Technical).

iv. Scot BEC - Stage I Junior.

If it is difficult to distinguish between codes 3 and 4 use code 3. If it is difficult to distinguish between codes 7 and 8 - use code 7.If it is difficult to distinguish between codes 9 and l0 - use code 9.

NB NVQs (National Vocational Qualifications) These are competence based qualifications and there are 5 levels: Level 1 - Level 5. The National Council for Vocational Qualifications is not an awarding body but accredits qualifications awarded by other bodies eg RSA and London Chamber of Commerce. If there is sufficient information about the awarding body to code the qualification, then code accordingly eg Level 2 (Secretarial) awarded by RSA would be coded 2. In other cases where there is insufficient information, then recode to Other code 8 at LevCode3.

LevCode3

NURSING QUALIFICATIONS - CODE 1

Notes

1. In the QM index nursing qualifications will be found in the Medical and Teaching qualifications Index under 'General Nursing Council' (GNC); 'Royal College of Nursing', 'Central Midwives Board' or 'Royal College of Midwives' etc.

(QM nursing qualification codes are 293-310).

2. Qualifications which should be excluded from 'Nursing' and recoded to 8 (Other) are -

Nursery Nurses Qualifications such as NNEB (Nursery Nurses Examination Board).

Dental Nurses/Hygienists.

3. Some teaching qualifications in nursing subjects may have been included by some informants in code 2 in error - check with QM Index under Nursing - Teaching qualifications and recode to 1 accordingly.

TEACHING QUALIFICATIONS - CODE 2

Code 2 includes all teaching certificates awarded by Universities and Colleges of further education.

Code 2 includes: Certificate of educationTeacher's Certificate; teacher's diplomaTeaching Certificate; teaching diplomaPost graduate certificates in educationArt teachers certificates and diplomas

Notes

1. These certificates/diplomas cover primary, secondary/further education or level unspecified.

2. They may or may not be held in conjunction with a preceding degree.

3. ALL post graduate certificates in education must be included in code 2. This takes priority over the QM indexes.

4. Similarly, certain art teachers certificates and diplomas must be included in code 2. Again, this takes priority over the indexes and includes -

Art Teacher's Certificate (ATC)

Art Teacher's Diploma (ATD)

Art Master's Certificate (AMC)

Secondary Teacher's Art Cert. of the University of Oxford

Specialist Art Teacher's Diploma of Edinburgh College of Art.

5. RSA and Pitmans Teaching Qualification should be coded 2 at LevCode2. Teaching Qualifications awarded by the LA should be coded 8 (Other).

City and Guilds Teaching qualifications should be coded according to the indexes.

6. Qualifications gained by qualified teachers as a result of further training specialization should not be coded as 2 unless so indicated in the Indexes. They can be coded into any other codes, depending on the type of qualifications, but many of them will be university diplomas at C level (code 9).

7. Exclude Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) - This is a degree and should be coded 4 (or 5 if obtained before 1967 at certain universities).

8. Exclude Diploma of Higher Education (Dip HE) and Certificate of Higher Education (Cert HE) - These should be coded 9.

UNIVERSITY DIPLOMA ETC - CODE 3

LEVEL 'B' QUALIFICATIONS

Included in code 3 are ALL qualifications designated 'B' level by the Census classification of qualifications except first degrees (code 4), art teachers qualifications (code 2) and post graduate teacher's certificates (code 2).

It includes B level University diplomas; B level qualifications from other educational establishment and B level professional qualifications.

Note that in the 1991 QM Index only post-graduate university certificates and diplomas (apart from post-graduate teacher's certificates) are designated 'B' level (others are included in 'C' level). If the diploma etc has been awarded after a degree, or there is no evidence of year obtained and the informant also has a degree, then assume it is post-graduate and code accordingly. However there are exceptions eg Certificate of Qualification in Social Work (CQSW) should be coded 9. (The Open University also awards diplomas).

FIRST DEGREE - CODE 4

LEVEL 'B' QUALIFICATIONS

These are most commonly identified by the term Bachelor or Bachelorate eg BA, but some masters degrees are level 'B' see below (and Appendix A).

Include in code 4 the following

Bachelor degrees at all universities, (polytechnics, etc) except those listed under code 5. See Appendix B for polytechnics which have been renamed universities.

Bachelor degrees awarded by the CNAA - Council for Academic Awards, obtained mainly at polytechnics and colleges of education.

Master of Arts (MA) at: Cambridge UniversityOxford universityScottish Universities other than Strathclyde

Master of Engineering (MEng) at:

Aston universityBath UniversityBirmingham UniversityBradford UniversityBristol UniversityCity UniversityEdinburgh UniversityGlasgow UniversityHeriot Watt University*Lancaster UniversityLeeds UniversityLiverpool University*London UniversityLoughborough UniversityManchester UniversityNewcastle UniversityNottingham UniversityQueen's (Belfast) UniversitySalford UniversitySheffield University*

Master of Engineering (MEng)(contd):

Southampton UniversityStrathclyde UniversitySurrey UniversityUlster UniversityWales UniversityYork UniversityHatfield PolytechnicLiverpool PolytechnicMiddlesex Polytechnic*Nottingham PolytechnicPortsmouth PolytechnicSheffield City PolytechnicSouth Blank PolytechnicSouth West (formerly Plymouth) PolytechnicWales Polytechnic*

At many universities BEng and MEng are both first degrees, MEng being a longer course often in different subjects; at a few universities it is a joint extended first degree BEng-MEng or BSc/MEng.

*MEng is also awarded as a higher degree but only code as a higher degree if the person has a BSc or BEng etc from a different university/polytechnic. If in doubt, code as a first degree.

*MEng was a higher degree in the past (higher degree in 1979)

Master of Mechanical Engineering- Manufacturing and Management (MEng & Man) at Birmingham University

Master of Theology (MTheol) at St Andrews University.

Diploma in Technology (discontinued) - NCTA - National Council for Technological Awards. Superseded by CNAA.

Intermediate degrees - DELETE - except for Intermediate Bachelor of Law - Code 9.

Use code 3 - If it is difficult to distinguish between codes 3 and 4.

HIGHER DEGREES - CODE 5

LEVEL 'A' QUALIFICATIONS

These are most commonly identified by the term 'Master' eg Master of Arts (MA), or 'Doctor' eg Doctor of Philosophy (Phd), but there are exceptions - see the lists below.

Include in Code 5 the following.-

DOCTORATES at Universities and Colleges of Advanced Technology (CATS)DOCTORATES awarded by the Council for Academic Awards (CNAA)DOCTORATES awarded by Cranfield Institute of TechnologyDOCTORATES awarded by the Royal College of Art

MASTERS degrees at all Universities and CATs with the exception of:

Master of Arts (MA) at:

Cambridge UniversityOxford UniversityScottish Universities other than Strathclyde (ie Aberdeen, Dundee,Edinburgh, Glasgow, Heriot Watt, St Andrews).

Master of Engineering (MEng) at the universities and polytechnics listed at code 4.

MEng& Man at Birmingham University.

MTheol at St Andrews University.

These are all first degrees.

MASTERS degrees awarded by CNAA (may be called 'Higher' degrees)MASTERS degrees awarded by Cranfield Institute of TechnologyMASTERS degrees awarded by the Royal College of ArtMEMBER of the College of Technologists (MCT) (- superseded by CNAA)FELLOW OF The Royal College of Advanced Technology, Salford.

BACHELORATE (bachelor) degrees in-

Architecture (BArch) at Manchester University

NB BArch at Wales University is now a first degree but was a higher degree in the past.

BArch at other universities is a first degree although done after BSc or BA in architecture.

Civil law (BCL) at: Durham University Oxford University

Divinity (BD) at: Cambridge University Manchester University Oxford University

NB BD is awarded as a first and higher degree at St Andrews University.

Education (BEd) at: Aberdeen University ) Before 1967 Edinburgh University ) Before 1967 Glasgow University ) Before 1967 Queen's (Belfast) University ) Before 1967 St Andrews University ) Before 1967

Landscape Design (BLD) at: Manchester University

Letters (BLitt) at: any University

Linguistics (BLing) at: Manchester University

Music (BMus) at: Leeds University Oxford University Southampton University

Obstetrics (BAO) at: Queen's (Belfast)

Philosophy (BPhil) at: any university except BPhil in Education at Lancaster University

BPhil (Ed) at: Liverpool University NB BPhil (Ed) and BPhil (Teaching) at all other universities are first degrees

Planning (BPl) at: Manchester University

Town Planning (BTP) at: Manchester University

Science (BSc) at: Oxford University

Note

In order for these Bachelor Degrees to be coded to the higher level they must be described as:

Bachelor of Architecture (BArch)Bachelor of Civil Law (BCL)Bachelor of Education (BEd before 1967)Bachelor of Music (BMus; MusB)Bachelor of Obstetrics (BAO)

(Bachelor degrees eg BA, BSc, where the main subject is one of the above are not classified as higher degrees).

In addition there should be some evidence of the informant also holding a first degree or its equivalent. If not, please refer to S/V because there may be exceptions.

Also refer to S/V anyone with a Bachelor of Architecture (BArch) from Wales University or Bachelor of Divinity (BD) at St Andrews University where it is unclear whether it should be coded as a first or higher degree.

OTHER 'C' LEVEL QUALIFICATIONS - NEW CODE 9

LEVEL 'C' QUALIFICATIONS

Included in new code 9 are ALL qualifications designated 'C' level by the census classification of qualifications except

City and Guilds - Full technological/Part III (code 5 at LevCode2)HNC/HND/BEC/TEC/BTEC Higher certificate or diploma (code 8 at LevCode2)Nursing Qualifications (code 1); Teaching Qualifications (code 2)

It includes C level University diplomas; C level qualifications from other educational establishments and C level professional qualifications.

MEMBERSHIP OF PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTION - CODE 6

This code should always be recoded according to the QM Indexes.

The only occasion when code 6 will not be recoded is in cases where there is no information at OualDesc, Award etc to enable the correct code to be determined. This applies to Quota months April and May 1994 when QualDesc was

not asked. (However, if the occupation and any other information suggest that the level of membership could be accurately imputed, then refer to s/v.)

OTHER NON-SCHOOL FOREIGN QUALIFICATIONS - CODE 7

All non-school foreign qualifications should be coded here, including foreign university degrees.

(Remember to check whether qualifications are foreign at Award and WhereOb.)

'OTHER QUALIFICATIONS' - CODE 8

This code has least priority.

Code 8 must be used for all eligible qualifications which cannot be recoded into other codes at LevCodel, LevCode2 or LevCode3. For UK qualifications this means those coded X 'Unacceptable' in the census QM index.

There is no need to specify code 8, but make sure it is used only for qualifications that are genuinely not acceptable but still eligible - ie not appearing on the list of "Qualifications to be deleted".

Refer all queries to S/V.

See "Other exams taken in school", "Clerical and Commercial Qualifications" and "Technical Qualifications" for some examples of qualifications to be included in 8.

Forces Education Certificates should be included in 8.

Examples: (a) 1st class - Certificate of Education 1st Class - Army.Education Test Part II - RAFHigher Education Test grades 1-6 - Navy.

(b) 2nd class - Certificate of Education 2nd class - ArmyEducation Test Part I - RAFHigher Education Test grade 7 or higher - Navy.

(c) 3rd class - Certificate of Education 3rd class - Army (none in theRAF)Education Test for leading ratings - NavyArmy Special Certificate of Education (corresponding to matric).

Certificate of Pre-vocational Training should be included in 8.

Degree

This applies to all coded 3 (University Diploma), 4 (First Degree), or 5 (Higher Degree) at LevCode3.

Code the major subject recorded at Major.

Refer to Subject Classification for Education Statistics Appendix C and select one code.

Additional code:

More than one qualification and in different subjects 997

If subject has not been answered, and cannot be deduced, use the key for missing.

Notes:

1. Code the subject area even if it seems inconsistent with the description of the qualification.

2. If the answer is not as precise as the description in the Subject Classification eg Geography (no further explanation) code to the most likely group. In the case of 'Geography' use code 108 rather than code 058 (Geography as a physical science). Refer dubious cases to s/v.

3. If only one qualification and more than one subject is recorded:

If it is not in the index and 2 subject codes would apply -

where there is a code for general subjects within that group, use that code eg French and German - use code 162

otherwise use the appropriate code from Group Y (combined and general courses) eg English and History - use code 203.

Remember it is the major subject that should be coded - some informants may list subsidiary subjects and only the major subject should be coded eg mechanical engineering, technical drawing and maths should be coded Mechanical Engineering.

Refer all queries to s/v.

NB Do not use code 997 - See Note 4.

4. If more than one qualification is coded 3, 4, 5 and the subjects fall into more than one code, proceed as follows:

If coded 5 (Higher degree) - code the subject of that qualification eg BA in economics and MSC in computer studies - code computing.

In all other cases use code 997.

eg BA in English and University diploma in Drama - code 997 BSc in Chemistry and LLB in Law - code 997

5. Vague answers/no answers: If the subject description is impossible to code, or not answered use the key for missing.

LEVEL or QUALIFICATIONS

The Department of Education and Science provides gradings of each qualification in terms of academic level as follows -

A Level denotes higher degreesB Level denotes first degrees and qualifications of equivalent standing.C Level denotes advance (ie above GCE 'A' Level) qualifications but below graduate standing

PRE-CODES BY LEVEL

LEVEL LevCode2

C City and Guilds - Full technological/Part III 5

C HNC, HND, BEC/TEC, BTEC Higher certificate or diploma 8

LevCode3

C Nursing 1

C Teaching Qualifications 2

B Level B qualifications from Universities,other educational establishments and professional institutions 3

B University or CNAA First degree 4

A University or CNAA Higher degree 5

Additional code

C Level C qualifications from Universities,other educational establishments and professionalinstitutions not elsewhere classified 9

belowC Other Qualifications 8

KEY TO 1991 CENSUS QUALIFIED MANPOWER INDEXES

Qualifications are listed in the QM Indexes alphabetically by awarding institutions, except in the Medical and Teaching Qualifications index.

Each acceptable qualification is given a 3 digit qualification code and a 3 digit subject code (R = ‘all’ subjects; T = Teachers)

'Unacceptable' qualifications are identified by Code X - these are not coded on the Census but will be coded 8 (Other) on GHS unless covered by specific GHS instructions eg deletions.

Levels Level A covers qualification codes 001-007Level B covers qualification codes 008-255Level C covers qualification codes 256-478

Census codes GHS codes

001-007 5 at LevCode3 Higher degree

008-013 4 at Levcode3 First degree

*O14-255 3 at LevCode3 "B level" University, other college or professional

qualification

256, 288, 289 9 at Levcode3 "C level" Professional

257-262 8 at Levcode2 HNC/HND etc

263-287, 290-292 2 at Levcode3 Teaching

293-310 1 at Levcode3 Nursing

311-458,460-471,475,477 9 at Levcode3 ”C level” University, other college or professionalqualification

459 5 at Levcode2 City and Guilds FullTechnological

472-474 7 at Levcode3 Foreign Qualificationsbelow B)

(476 NA)

478 2 at Levcode3 Teaching

*Certain Art teachers qualifications (095, 245 or 255) and ALL post graduate teacher's certificates are excluded from 3 and coded 2 - Teaching.

NOTES ON USING THE QUALIFIED MANPOWER INDEXES

1. The QM Indexes are organized in binders containing:Universities and PolytechnicsEnglish Colleges (A-L and M-Z)Scottish, Welsh and Irish CollegesProfessional InstitutionsAbbreviationsMedical and Teaching QualificationsForeign and Commonwealth Qualifications (not used on GHS)Unacceptable QualificationsSubjects (not used on GHS)

See point 14 (The Indexes) below.

2. Listed under each 'Awarding Body' is the full list of acceptable qualifications (HNC, HND and above), and subjects obtainable. Any unacceptable qualifications are listed beneath this with an 'X' in the code column - these should be coded 8 (Other) unless they are covered by Specific GHS coding instructions eg DELETIONS. A full list of unacceptable qualifications is contained in the 'Unacceptable Qualifications Index'. Note that if all qualifications from an Awarding Body are unacceptable, the Awarding Body will only appear in the Unacceptable Qualifications index.

3. Against each acceptable qualification are two 3 digit codes:

First 3 digits - level of qualification (or T - 'Teacher')

Second 3 digits - subject(s) in which awarded (or R - range of subjects too wide to be listed, T - 'Teachers')

EXAMPLE

QUAL SUBJ

POSTGRADUATE DIPLOMAS

082 R

DIPLOMAS

332 015 Public Health

465 R

UNACCEPTABLE

CERTIFICATE

X AgricultureThis means that all postgraduate diplomas are given the Census code 082, which translates to GHS code 3 at LevCode3 (ie B Level). All diplomas, except for Diploma in Public Health, are Census code 465 = GHS code 9 at LevCode3 (ie C level); Diploma in Public Health is Census code 332 = GHS code 9 at LevCode3.A Certificate in Agriculture from this awarding body is unacceptable, and would be coded 8 (Other) at LevCode3.

4. Universities, Polytechnics and other Educational Establishments will be found under the name of the Town/City/County or geographical area in which they are situated.

eg 'University of East Anglia' will be found under 'East Anglia' 'City of Birmingham Polytechnic' under 'Birmingham'.

5. Whenever a title is written as 'Institute of ' and no entry can be traced, a check should always be made under 'Institution' (which follows alphabetically after Institute). Sometimes an awarding body (particularly Engineering Institutions) will be written as 'Institute' when it should be 'Institution'. (Also try 'Royal', 'Chartered'; 'Institutional'; 'National').

6. Brackets around part of the Awarding Institute name in the Index, indicate that these words can be included/excluded in the construction of the title,

eg De La Salle (Training) College, Manchester Derby (and District) College of Technology Association (of) Stores and Materials Controllers Association (for the) Study of Medical Education

In the Alphabetical Index the words in brackets are ignored.

7. Abbreviations - There is a separate index containing an alphabetical list of recognised abbreviations and designatory letters The 3 digit qualification code is given beside the abbreviation

8. Dates - Sometimes the level of the qualification is dependent upon the year in which the qualification was gained. If this is not possible to deduce (check age of informant and age left full-time education) code to the current level of the qualification.

9. The words 'Associate', 'Member', 'Licentiate', 'Graduate' are sometimes preceded by 'Diploma of', this is not significant, and should be ignored.

10. Polytechnic Awards

All degrees awarded by Polytechnics are CNAA awards, therefore if you have -difficulty in finding the level and subject under the relevant Polytechnic refer to Council for National Academic Awards for level code. Similarly refer to CNAA for diplomas and certificates from Polytechnics.

11. Legal qualifications

For all Legal qualifications where Inns of Court etc are mentioned look up the Law Society or the Council for Legal Education.

12. Medical qualifications

Conjoint awards are conferred when the subjects studied qualify for more than one award eg MB, Bch.

As well as basic medical qualifications such as MB, BCh; MB, BS; MB, ChB; (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) you may find post-graduate diplomas, although they may not be stated as post-graduate. To help identify the qualification, note the following:

i. The diploma's awarded by the Royal College of Physicians London and the Royal College of Surgeons England can be found under the English Conjoint Examining Board.

ii. Licentiate of the Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons Glasgow will be found under the Scottish Conjoint Board. All other diplomas, see relevant Royal Colleges.

iii. See also Medical and Teaching Qualifications index.

iv. If the qualification MD appears without a 'basic' medical qualification code 4 (First degree). If it appears as a postgraduate qualification code it 5.

13. Chartered Engineers

When 'chartered engineer' is stated with no awarding Institution or the Institution is given as the Council of Engineering Institutions (CEI) or there is an indication of the specific engineering subject, give the code for 'chartered engineer' of the Institution of that subject. If that Institution does not have a 'Chartered Engineer' use code 3 at LevCode3.

14. The QM Indexes

Take care when looking up Colleges, Schools, Institutes etc in the separate indexes (see below). Refer to S/V all colleges etc which cannot be found in the indexes.

Although in alphabetical order, note that it is not always strict alphabetical order.

i. Universities and Polytechnics

Included in the Universities (pages 1-120 at the front of the index) are constituent colleges, Institutes, schools, hospitals etc which are part of a university and colleges which have university status

eg Goldsmiths College - London UniversityInstitute of Archaeology - London UniversityDurham University Institute of EducationSchool of Navigation - Southampton UniversityMiddlesex Hospital - London UniversityRuskin School of ArtRoyal College of Art.

Included in the Polytechnics (following Universities in the index) are schools etc which are part of Polytechnics

eg Birmingham School of Music.

Note that Central Institutions in Scotland are included in the Colleges index, not the Polytechnics index.

ii. Colleges

Included in the Colleges index are schools and institutes which have College status

e.g. Bolton Institute of Higher Education Greek Institute Farm Institute

iii. Professional Institutions

As well as Professional Institutes and Institutions, this index includesAssociations, Boards, Councils, Societies etc

iv. Abbreviations

Generally it is best to use this index in order to identify the qualification which can then be looked up in the appropriate index.

Qualification and subject codes are entered by census where a clear code can be given.

Key to alphabetical codes:

CUP - Refer to Colleges, Universities and Polytechnics indexesM Refer to Medical and Teaching Qualifications indexPI - Refer to Professional Institutions index

v. Abbreviations (Cont)

In some cases there will be 2 or more entries for the same abbreviation for different items

e.g. X MIHE Member of the Institute of Health Education 030 021 MIHE Member of the Institution of Highway Engineers

In such cases reference to occupation or other qualifications the informant may have may help to clarify which qualification code to use. If not, refer to S/V

Abbreviations are listed in the order of “complete abbreviations” followed by “Inst” followed by "Assoc Inst” etc.

eg AIBA Associate of the Institution of Business AgentsA Inst BB Associate of the Institute of British Bakers Assoc Inst AA Associate of the Institute of Automobile Assessors.

vi. Medical and Teaching qualifications

The medical index (pages 1-44 at the front of the index) covers medicine, nursing, dentistry, veterinary science, chiropody, dietetics, medical laboratory science and technology, medical social work, occupational therapy, optics, orthoptics, osteopathy, pharmacy, physiotherapy, psychiatric social work, psychology, remedial gymnastics, radiography and speech therapy.

Medicine is organized by university degrees followed by Royal Colleges, Fellow etc. diplomas; Nursing by university degrees followed by certificates, diplomas, registration etc from associations, boards and councils.

Most, but not all; of these colleges, councils etc will be found in the other indexes eg the General Nursing Council will be found in the Professional Institutions index but the Central Nursing Council and British College of optometrists are only in the Nursing and Medical Qualifications index.

Remember that all foreign nursing and medical qualifications should be coded 7 at LevCode3, no matter what the level.

The teaching index follows the Medical index and lists BEd (first degree), DipEd, Certificates and Post Graduate certificates etc.

Remember that on GHS all post graduate certificates of education are coded 2 (Teaching) and that this takes priority over the QM Index.

APPENDIX A

BACHELORATES THAT ARE HIGHER DEGREES AND MASTERS DEGREES THAT ARE FIRST DEGREES

UNIVERSITIES

NB BLitt and most BPhil degrees are higher degrees.

AberdeenMaster - Arts (MA) FirstBachelorate - Education (BEd) before 1967 Higher

AstonMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

BathMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstBachelorate - Architecture (BArch) First

BirminghamMaster - Engineering (MEng) Master FirstMaster - Mechanical Engineering,

Manufacturing and Management (MEng & Man) First

Bachelorate - Philosophy (Education) (BPhil (Ed)) First

BradfordMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

BristolMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

CambridgeMaster - Arts (MA) FirstBachelorate - Divinity (BD) HigherBachelorate - Music (BMus) First

CityMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

DundeeMaster - Arts (MA) FirstBachelorate - Architecture (BArch) FirstBachelorate - Philosophy (BPhil) Higher

DurhamBachelorate - Civil Law (BCL) Higher

East AngliaBachelorate - Philosophy (Teaching)

(BPhil (Teaching)) FirstBachelorate - - Philosophy (BPhil) Higher

EdinburghMaster - Arts (MA) FirstMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstBachelorate - Education (BEd) before 1967 Higher

ExeterBachelorate - Philosophy (Education)

(BPhil (Ed)) FirstBachelorate - Philosophy (BPhil) Higher

Glasgow

Master - Arts (MA) FirstMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstBachelorate - Education (BEd) before 1967 Higher

Heriot WattMaster - Arts (MA) FirstMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstMaster - Engineering (MEng)

(in Petroleum engineering) Higher*

LancasterMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstBachelorate - Philosophy (in Education)(BPhil) First

LeedsMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstBachelorate - Music (BMus) Higher

LiverpoolMaster - Engineering (MEng) First+Bachelorate - Architecture (BArch) FirstBachelorate - Philosophy (Education)

(BPhil (Ed)) HigherBachelorate - Philosophy (BPhil) Higher

LondonMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

LoughboroughMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

ManchesterMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstBachelorate - Architecture (BArch) HigherBachelorate - Divinity (BD) HigherBachelorate - Landscape Design (BLD) HigherBachelorate - Linguistics (BLing) HigherBachelorate - Planning (BP1) HigherBachelorate - Town Planning (BTP) Higher

NewcastleMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstBachelorate - Philosophy (BPhil) HigherBachelorate - Architecture (BArch) First

NottinghamMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstBachelorate - Architecture (BArch) FirstBachelorate - Philosophy (Education)

(EPhil (Ed)) First

Open

Bachelorate - Philosophy (BPhil) Higher

OxfordMaster - Arts (MA) FirstBachelorate - Civil Law (BCL) HigherBachelorate - Divinity (BD) HigherBachelorate - Music (BMus) HigherBachelorate - Philosophy (BPhil) HigherBachelorate - Science (BSc) Higher

Queens (Belfast)Master - Engineering (MEng) FirstBachelorate - Education (BEd) before 1967 HigherBachelorate - Obstetrics (BAO) Higher

SalfordMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

SheffieldMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstMaster - Engineering (MEng) Higher*

SouthamptonMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstBachelorate - Music (BMus) Higher

St AndrewsMaster - Arts (MA) FirstMaster - Theology (MTheol) FirstBachelorate - Divinity (BD) FirstBachelorate - Divinity (BD) HigherBachelorate - Education (BEd) before 1967 Higher

StrathclydeMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstBachelorate - Architecture (BArch) First

SurreyMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

UlsterMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

WalesMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstBachelorate - Architecture (BArch) First+

WarwickBachelorate - Philosophy (Education)

(BPhil in Education) First

YorkMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

POLYTECHNICS

CoventryMaster - Engineering (MEng) Higher

HatfieldMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

KingstonMaster - Engineering (MEng) Higher

LiverpoolMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

Middlesex

Master - Engineering (MEng) FirstMaster - Engineering (MEng) Higher*

NewcastleMaster - Engineering (MEng) Higher

NottinghamMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

PortsmouthMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

Sheffield CityMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

South BankMaster - Engineering (MEng) First

South West (formerly Plymouth)Master - Engineering (MEng) First

WalesMaster - Engineering (MEng) FirstMaster - Engineering (MEng) Higher*

*Only code MEng as a higher degree if the person has a BSc or BEng from a different university/polytechnic. If in doubt code as first degree.

+These are now first degrees but in the past were higher degrees (in 1979 definitely higher degree). If no indication of year obtained code as first degree.

The Further and Higher Education Act of 1992 led to the dissolution of the Council of National Academic Awards (CNAA) and the granting of university status to polytechnics.

Many of the polytechnics have now changed their name.

POLYTECHNIC NOW

Anglia Polytechnic Anglia Polytechnic University

Bournemouth Polytechnic Bournemouth University

Brighton Polytechnic University of Brighton

Birmingham Polytechnic University of Central England in Birmingham

Lancashire Polytechnic University of Central Lancashire

Coventry Polytechnic Coventry University

Leicester Polytechnic De Montfort University, Leicester

Polytechnic of East London University of East London

Polytechnic of Wales University of Glamorgan

Thames Polytechnic University of Greenwich

Hatfield Polytechnic University of Hertfordshire

Huddersfield Polytechnic University of Huddersfield

Humberside Polytechnic University of Humberside

Kingston Polytechnic Kingston University

Liverpool Polytechnic Liverpool John Moores University

Middlesex Polytechnic Middlesex University

Napier Polytechnic of Edinburgh Napier University

Polytechnic of North London University of North London

Newcastle Polytechnic University of Northumbria at Newcastle

Paisley College of Technology University of Paisley

South West (Plymouth) Polytechnic University of Plymouth

Portsmouth Polytechnic University of Portsmouth

Robert Gordon's Institute of Robert Gordon's UniversityTechnology

Sheffield City Polytechnic Sheffield Hallam University

South Bank Polytechnic South Bank University

Staffordshire Polytechnic Staffordshire University

Sunderland Polytechnic University of Sunderland

Teesside Polytechnic University of Teesside

Bristol Polytechnic University of the West of England atBristol

Polytechnic of Central London University of Westminster

Wolverhampton Polytechnic University of Wolverhampton

EDUC1 [GHS CAI INSTRUCTIONS]

EducationAppendix C

SUBJECT CLASSIFICATION FOR EDUCATION STILTISTICS

Group Code

A. Medicine and dentistry 013 Clinical medicine014 Clinical dentistry (including others

in medicine and dentistry)

B. Subjects allied to medicine 021 Anatomy and physiology022 Pharmacology023 Pharmacy024 Nutrition025 Ophthalmics026 Audiology027 Nursing028 Medical Technology029 Other medical subjects

C. Biological sciences 031 Biology032 Botany033 Zoology034 Genetics035 Microbiology036 Molecular biology and biophysics037 Biochemistry038 Psychology unless solely as a social

science039 Other biological sciences

D. Agriculture and related 041 Veterinary sciencessubjects 042 Agriculture

043 Forestry044 Food science049 Other agricultural subjects

F. Physical sciences 051 Chemistry052 Materials science053 Physics055 Astronomy056 Geology058 Geography studies as a science059 Environmental science and

other physical sciences

G. Mathematical and 061 Mathematicscomputing sciences 064 Statistics

065 Computing069 Other mathematical sciences

H,J. Engineering and 071 General engineeringTechnology 072 Civil engineering

073 Mechanical engineering074 Aeronautical engineering075 Electrical engineering076 Electronic engineering077 Production engineering078 Chemical engineering and fuel

technology079 Other engineering081 Minerals technology082 Metallurgy083 Ceramics and glasses084 Polymers and textiles085 Other material technology086 Marine technology088 Biotechnology089 Other technologies

K. Architecture, building 091 Architectureand planning 092 Building

093 Environmental Technologies094 Town and country planning099 Other architectural studies

L,M. Social studies 101 Economics103 Sociology104 Social policy and administration105 Applied social work106 Anthropology107 Psychology without significant

biological science108 Geography unless solely as a

physical science111 Politics113 Law119 Other social studies

N. Business and administrative studies 121 Business and management studies122 Operational research123 Financial management124 Accountancy125 Marketing and market research126 Industrial relations127 Hotel, catering and Institutional

management128 Land and property management129 Transport and other business and

administrative studies

P. Mass communication and 131 Librarianship

documentation 132 Information science133 Communication studies134 Media studies135 Publishing136 Journalism

Q,R,T. Languages and 141 Linguisticsrelated disciplines 142 Comparative literature

143 English144 American studies145 Celtic languages148 Classics149 Other ancient languages151 French152 German153 Italian154 Spanish155 Portuguese156 Latin American languages157 Scandinavian languages158 Russian161 Slavonic and Eastern European

languages162 Other or general European languages163 Chinese164 Japanese165 Other Asian languages166 Modern Middle Eastern languages167 African languages168 Other language studies169 Other or unspecified or general

modern languages

V. Humanities 171 History173 Economic and social history174 History of art176 Archaeology177 Philosophy178 Theology and religious studies

W. Creative arts and design 181 Fine art182 Design studies183 Music184 Drama185 Cinematics186 Crafts187 Arts188 Beauty and hairdressing189 Art and design other

X. Education 192 Physical education193 Academic studies in education194 Techniques in teaching children195 Techniques in teaching adults196 Education for those with special

needs197 Technology in education198 Management and organization of

education199 Other topics in education

Y. Combined and general 201 combined or general sciencecourses not otherwise 203 combined or general artsclassified 204 Other combined or general courses

(including science and social studies, general studies)

205 Combined general and leisure courses

not elsewhere specified206 Triple combinations - science,

social studies and arts.

SUBJECT CLASSIFICATION FOR EDUCATION STATISTICS

Index of Subject Names

Group Code

N Accommodation Studies 127N Accountancy 124N Accounting 124N Accounting and Finance 124N Accounts 124J Acoustics 089 Administration -N business 121D farm 042D game-keeping sporting 049L health 104 hotel & catering 127 nursing 027N personnel 126J printing 085M public 111N science laboratory 121L social 104N Administrative Management 121N Administrative Studies 121X Adolescent Development 194N Advertising 125W Advertising Design 182P Advertising Writing 134H Aeronautical Engineering 074H Aerospace Studies 074T African Studies 167H Agricultural Engineering 073D Agricultural Marketing and Merchanting 042H Agricultural Mechanics 073 Agricultural/Horticultural Machinery Maintenance 073D Agriculture 042D Agriculture Related Studies 049D Agriculture/Horticulture 042N Air Transport 129B Ambulance Officers 027Q American Studies 144F Analytical Chemistry 051Q Ancient Greek 148Q Ancient Hebrew 149Q Ancient history (classical) 148V Ancient history (nes) 171V Ancient and medieval history 171D Animal Management 041D Animal Nursing 041D Animal Production 042D Animal Related Studies 041D Animal Technicians 041W Animation 182L Anthropology 106G Applicable Mathematics 061J Applied Acoustics 089C Applied Biochemistry 037C Applied Biology 031F Applied Chemistry 051G Applied Computing 065W Applied Design 182X Applied Education 193G Applied Information Technology 065

G Applied Mathematics 061F Applied Physics 053L Applied Psychology 107F Applied Science 059L Applied Social Science/social work 105L Applied Social Science/Studies 103G Applied Statistics 064T Arabic 166D Arboriculture 043V Archaeology 176W Architectural Stained Glass Design 182K Architecture 091W Art 181W Art and Design - General 189Y Arts General 203N Arts Mana1gement 121Q Aspects of Language in Community 141K Asphalt/Mastic Work 092F Astronomy/Astronautics 055F Astrophysics 055W Audio visual Technicians 185B Audiology 026X Audio-Visual Techniques for Education 197H Automation and Control 076H Automobile Assessment 073N Baking 127N Baking Technology 127N Banking 123W Basketry 186N Baths Management 129W Beauty Therapy 188D Bee-keeping 049L Behavioral Science 107V Bible studies 178C Biochemistry 037F Biodeterioration of Materials 051L Biological Anthropology 106C Biological Sciences 031C Biology 031C Biomolecular Science 036C Biophysical Science 036J Biotechnology 088H Boiler House Practice 078W Book and Book-binding Design 182J Bookbinding Technologies 085N Book-keeping 124C Botany 032K Brickwork 092M British Studies 119K Builders and Plumbers Merchants 092K Building 092K Building Construction Engineering 092K Building Inspection and Control 092K Building r4aintenance Management 092K Building Maintenance/Adaptation/ Conservation 092 Building Regulations 022K Building Related Studies 092K Building Services Engineering 092K Building Services Engineering - Electrical 092K Building Services Engineering - HV and AC 092K Building Services Engineering - Plumbing 092K Building Services Engineering -

Refrigeration 092K Building Services Engineering - Gas 092N Building Societies 123K Building Surveying 092K Building Technology 092T Bulgarian 161N Business Administration 121N Business and Management Studies 121 Business Computing 121 Business Law 113N Business Studies 121N Business a Finance 121B Cardiography 029L Careers Education/Guidance 105L Caring Skills 105K Carpentry and Joinery 092W Carpet Design 182F Cartography 058N Catering and Institutional Management 127Q Celtic languages 145W Ceramic Design 182J Ceramics 083J Ceramics Technology 083N Certified Accountancy 124N chartered Accountancy 124N Chartered Insurance 123H Chemical Engineering 078F Chemical Technicians 051F Chemistry 051B Chemotherapy 029L Child Care l05L Children in Society 105T Chinese 163B Chiropody 029V Church history 171M Civics 111H Civil Engineering 072Q Classics 148B Cleaning Science 029K Clerk of Works 092C Clinical Biochemistry 037A Clinical Dentistry 014A Clinical Medicine 013C Clinical Science (including- Psychological Medicine) 038B Clinical Teaching 027W Clothing Design 182J Clothing Technology and Manufacture 084F Colaration Physics 053J Colliery Control Engineering 081J Colliery Electricians/Mechanics 061J Colliery Managers 081J Colliery Ventilation 081F Color Chemistry 051W Combined Art 189Y Combined humanities 203Y Combined science 201Y Combined studies (arts) 203Y Combined studies (science) 201N Commerce 121D Commercial Horticulture 042D Commercial Landscape, Recreation and Amenity Horticulture 042P Communication Studies 133H Communications Engineering 086P Communications Media 134

B Community Health Teacher 027B Community Psychiatric Nursing 027L Community Work 105Q Comparative Literature 142X Compensatory Education 193H Computer Aided Engineering 071G Computer Appreciation for Managers 065G Computer Education 065G Computer Studies 065H Computer Systems Engineering- 076G Computer Science 065K Concrete Technology/Practice 092T Conference Interpretation 169W Conservation (art) 181K Conservation (building) 092F Conservation (environmental) 059W Conservation of Painting 181F Conservation Policy 059K Construction Plant Mechanics 092K Construction Site Supervision 092N Consumer Affairs 129N Consumer Studies 129B Contact tans Fitting 025Y Contemporary studies 203M Conveyancing 113N Cookery 127J Corrosion Technology 082F Cosmetic Chemistry 051N Cost and Management Accountancy 124L Counseling 105D Countryside Recreation 049W Craft, Design and Technology Education 182W Craft Design and Technology 182W Craft Materials 186W Creative Arts 184W Creative Studies l86W Creative/Performing Arts 184M Criminal Law 113L Criminology 103D Crop Production (including grassland- Forage crops) 042D Crop Protection 042F Crystallography 053L Cultural Studies 106X Curriculum 199T Czech 161D Dairying Technicians 044W Dance 184R Danish 157 Data Processing 065 Deaf Children 196B Deaf Studies 026N Deck Officer 129N Demonstrators 127A Dental Health Education 014A Dental Surgery Assistants 014A Dental Technology 014A Dentistry 014J Deputies 081N Design and Decoration of Flour Confectionery 127X Design for Learning 197X Design Research in Education 197Y Development of science and technology 201B Dietetics .. 024

B Dispensing Opticians 025B Dispensing Technicians 023W Display Design 182N Distribution - 125B District Nurse Tutors 027B District Nursing 027V Divinity 178W Drama 184W Drama Therapy 184W Drama - Oral Skills 184W Drama - Performers 184W Drama - Teachers 184W Dressmaking 186T Dutch 162J Dying and Coloring of Textiles 084F Earth Science 059F Ecological Physics 053F Ecology 059L Economic Geography 108V Economic History 173V Economic and social history 173L Economics and Quantitative Analysis 101L Economics/Applied Economics 101X Education 193X Education Management 198L Educational Psychology 107X Educationally Sub-normal 196H Electrical and Electronic Craft Practice 076H Electrical and Electronic Engineering 075H Electrical and Systems Engineering 076H Electrical Engineering 075H Electrical Technicians 075F Electron Microscopy 053H Electronic Engineering Related Studies 076H Electronic Engineering/Electronics 076H Electronic Musical Instruments 076H Electronic Servicing 076H Electronics a Computer Technology 076W Embroidery 186J Energy Studies 089H Engineering Craft 077H Engineering Design 077H Engineering Design and Manufacture 077H Engineering Drawing 017F Engineering Geology 056H Engineering Management 071H Engineering of Dynamic Systems 076H Engineering Production 077H Engineering Surveying 072H Engineering Systems and Control 076H Engineering with Business Studies 071H Engineering: Automobile/Motor Vehicle 073Q English 143Q English for Foreign Students as a Foreign Language 143Q English Language and Literature 143Q English Literature 143Q English Literature and European Literature in Translation 142N Enterprise Training 121C Environmental Biology 031W Environmental Design 182H Environmental Engineering 072B Environmental Health 029W Environmental Media 182

F Environmental Science 059F Environmental Studies 059 Epilation 189N Estate Management 128N Estate Management and Valuation 128N European Business Administration 121M European Community Law and Integration 113T European languages 162T European Studies 162N Export Practice 125H Fabrication Engineering Craft Practice 077D Farm Business Administration and Management 042H Farm Mechanization 073D Farm Secretaries 042D Farmery 042W Fashion Design 182N Fashion Merchandising 125 Fashion Technology 084W Fashion/Textile Design 182C Field Biology 031W Film and Photographic Art 182W Film and Television 185W Film and TV in Education 185W Film Studies 185W Film/video 182W Fine Art 181R Finnish 157N First Aid 129D Fish Farming and Water Keeping 042N Fisheries 129N Fishing Crew 129D Floristry 042W Flower Arranging 186H Fluid Power Engineering 073D Food and Drink Processing 044D Food Hygiene 044D Food Market Science 044D Food Science 044N Food Service 127D Food Technology 044W Footwear Design 182J Footwear Manufacture 084D Forestry 043K Formwork for Concrete Construction 092W Foundation Art and Design 189J Foundry Technology 082N Freight Forwarding 129R French 151R French Studies 151D Fruit 042H Fuel Technology 078W Furniture Design 182J Furniture Production …J Furriery …X Further Education Teacher Training 195Q Gaelic 145D Gamekeeping Sporting Management 049D Garden Center Work 042H Gas Engineering 078H Gas/Governor Fitters Work 078J Gemology/Gem Diamond 085W General Design 182H General Engineering 071

H General Practice Surveying 072Y General science 201Y General studies 204C Genetics 034L Geographical Techniques 108F Geography as a Physical Science 058L Geography 108F Geography and Geology 058F Geological Technology …F Geology …F Geology and Landscape Study 056H Geotechnics 072R German 152R German Studies 152X Gifted Children 194J Glass technology and Manufacture 083D Glasshouse and Protected Cropping 042K Glazing and Allied Trades 092M Government 111W Graphic Design 182J Graphic Reproduction 085W Graphics 182Q Greats (Oxford) 148Q Greek - ancient 148T Greek - modern 162X Guidance in Schools 194X Gymnastics and PE 192W Hairdressing/Wig-making 188W Handicraft 186L Health Administration 104B Health Education 029K Health Facility Planning 091N Health Service Management 121B Health Studies 029B Health Visitor Tutors 027B Health Visitors 027H Heat Exchanger Technology 073Q Hebrew studies (ancient) 149H Highway/Traffic Engineering 072 History -Q ancient (classical) 148V ancient (nes) 171V church 171 economic 173V medieval 171V modern 171V of art 174X of science 201V political 171V social 171V History 171V History of Art 174V History of Design 174N Home and Community Studies 127N Home Economics 127L Home Help 105W Home Knitting 186N Home Management 127J Horology 089D Horses on Farms and Estates 042Y Horse instructors 205 Horticulture 042 Hotel and Catering Administration 127N Hotel Chefs 127N Hotel Reception 127N House-Keeping and Catering 127

K Housing 094K Housing Management 094K Housing Studies 094L Human and Social Science 103B Human Biology 021F Human Ecology 059Y Humanities 203T Hungarian 161F Hydrographic Surveying 058T Linguists in Commerce 168W Illustration 182C Immunology 039F Industrial Chemistry 051W Industrial Design 182H Industrial Engineering 077W Industrial Glass Design 182N Industrial Management 121H Industrial Operatives 077N Industrial Relations 126N Industrial Relations and Trade Union studies 126N Industrial Safety 126N Industrial Studies 126P Information Science 132G Information Systems 065G Information Technology 065N Institutional House-keeping and Catering 127H Instrument production 077H Instrumentation and Control Engineering 076H Instrumentation and Systems Engineering 076N Insurance 123W Integrated Design 182H Integrated Engineering 071W Interior Design 182N Internal Audit 124N International Marketing 125M International Politics 111M International Relations and Politics 111J Iron and Steel 082R Italian 153T Japanese 164W Jazz and Light Music 183W Jewelry Design 182P Journalism 136J Kiln Burners 083J Knitting Machines 084W Knitting Design 182T Korean 165Y Laboratory science 201N Labor Studies 126H Land Surveying 072K Land Use 093K Landscape Architecture 093K Landscape Design 093X Language Handicap 196Q Language Studies 141T Languages and Literature in Education 168T Languages for Business purposes 168Q Latin 148R Latin American Studies 156M Law 113M Law for Magistrates Court Clerks 113M Law Related Studies 113J Leather Technology/Manufacture 084Y Leisure Studies 205M Liberal studies 119

P Librarianship 131N Licensed Trade 127C Life Sciences 039W Light Music 183Q Linguistics 141Q Literae Humaniores 148Q Literary Studies 142Q Literature, Life and Thought 143Q Literature and Philosophy 142V Local History, English 171V Logic 177H Machine Tools 077 Machine Wood Working 084 Make-up/Manicure/Pedicure 189X Maladjusted 196 Management -N administrative 121D animal 041N arts 121N baths 129N catering & institutional 127X education 198H engineering 071N estate 128D farm 042N health service 121N home 127K housing 094N industrial 121B nursing ward 027N pensions 123 pet store 041 process 078D rural resource 049N sales 125W stage 184N supervisory 121N training 121J yacht a boatyard 086C zoo 033N Management 121N Management Development 121N Management of Human Resources 126N Management Services 121H Manufacture Engineering 077C Marine Biology 031J Marine Electronics 086H Marine Engineering 073J Marine Plumbing 086J Marine Radar 086J Marine Radio 086N Maritime Commerce 129N Maritime Studies 129N Market Research 125N Marketing 125J Materials Engineering 085H Materials Handling 077F Materials Science 052J Materials Technology Related Studies 085G Mathematical Sciences 061G Mathematical Statistics 064G Mathematics 061G Mathematics, Statistics and Computing 069H Measurement and Control 076D Meat Industry 044D Meat Inspection 044

D Meat Technology 044H Mechanical Engineering 073H Mechanical Engineering and Maintenance 077H Mechanical Engineering Technicians 073H Mechanical/Electromechanical Engineering 073H Mechanical/production Engineering 073H Mechanisms and Machines 073W Media Design 182P Media Studies 134P Media and communication 134B Medical Laboratory Science 029B Medical Photography 028N Medical Record Keeping 121B Medical Related Professions 029B Medical Technology 028A Medicine 013V Medieval history 171X Mentally Handicapped 196J Metallurgy/Metals Technology 082F Meteorology 059C Microbiology 035G Microprocessing 065B Midwifery 027J Mine Surveying 081J Minerals Processing 081J Minerals Surveying 081J Minerals Technology 081J Mining 081J Mining Engineering 081J Mining Related Studies 081J Mining - Electrical/Mechanical Engineering 081T Modern Chinese 163Q Modern English Studies 143T Modern Greek 162V Modern History 171T Modern Languages 169M Modern Studies 119V Moral philosophy 177V Moral sciences 177B Mortuary Hygiene and technology 028H Motor cycle Engineering 073H Motor Vehicle Electronics 073J Mouldmakers 085W Movement Studies 184W Multi-disciplinary Design 182T Multi-Lingual Secretaries 168H Municipal Engineering 072P Museum studies 132W Music 183 Music for Performers 183 Music for Teachers 183W Music Professional 183J Musical Instrument Technology Manufacture 085W Musicianship 183Y Natural philosophy 201D Natural Resources 049Y Natural science 201J Naval Architecture 086N Navigation 129A Neurophysiological Basis of Behavior 013R Norwegian 157A Nuclear Medicine 013G Numerical Methods/Analysis 061X Nursery Education 193B Nursery Nursing 027

D Nursery Practice 042 Nursing 027 Nursing Administration 027B Nursing Related Studies 027B Nursing ward Management and Technology 027B Nutrition/Dietetics 024B Occupational Health 027B Occupational Hygiene 029L Occupational Psychology 107B Occupational Therapy 029J Office Machinery Maintenance 089N Office Studies/Technology 121J Offset Litho 085W Opera 183N Operational Research 122N Operational Research with Computing 122B Ophthalmics 025F Organic Chemical synthesis 051N Organization and Development 121N Overseas Trade 125J Packaging 085J Paint Technicians 084K Painting/Decorating 092F Palaeontology 056J Paper Conservation 085N Paper Merchandising 125J Paper Technology 085N Pastry Cooks 127J Pattern Cutting 084J Pattern Making 082N Pension Management 123W Performing Arts 184N Personal Assistants 121N Personnel Administration 126D Pet Store Management 041B Pharmacology 022B Pharmacotherapeutics 022B Pharmacy 023B Pharmacy Technicians 023V Philosophy 177Y Philosophy of science 201Y Philosophy, Physiology and Psychology (PPP) 204Y Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE) 204W Photographic Arts 182W Photographic Science/Technology 182W Photography 182J Photo-Lithography 085X Physical Education 192F Physical Electronics 053F Physical Research Techniques 053F Physical Sciences 059F Physics 053B Physics for Radiographers 028B Physiology (nes) 021B Physiotherapy 029D Pig Technology/Husbandry 042N Planning and Administration 121K Planning Studies 094H Plant/Process Trades 078K Plasterers Work 092J Plastics 084L Playwork 105N Policy and Administration Studies 111T Polish 161L Political, Economy 101

M Politics 111M Politics and Administration 111M Politics and Government 111F Pollution Control 049F Polymer Chemistry 051N Port Operations 129

R Portuguese 155N Postal Related Services 129D Poultry Meat Inspection 044D Poultry Technology/Husbandry 042H Power Plant Operation 075X PPE (philosophy, politics, economics) - 204X PPP (philosophy, physiology, psychology) 204B Pre-Nursing 027N Pre-Sea Training 129X Primary Curriculum 199J Printing Administration 085W Printing Design 182J Printing Technology/Printing 085N Private Pilot 129L Probation and After Care Training 103 Process Management 078 Process Plant Operation 051N Production Control 121H Production Engineering 077W Professional Photography 182K Professional Practice Architecture 091G Programming 065N Property Development 128B Prosthetist 029C Psychological Medicine 038L Psychology 107C Psychology as a Biological Science 038L Psychology - Educational 107L Psychology and Sociology 107N Public Accountancy 124M Public Administration 111H Public Health Engineering 072P Public Relations 134P Publishing 135 Purchasing and Supply 125 Quality Assurance (Engineering) 077H Quality Control 077K Quantity Surveying 092J Quarrying 081F Quarternary Studies 059F Radiation Science 059F Radio Chemistry 051B Radiography/Radioagnostics 029N Rating and valuation 128X Reading 199N Receptionists 121Y Recreation and leisure studies 205Y Recreational studies 205H Refrigeration 071V Regional History 171V Religious Studies 178X Remedial and Slow Learners 196B Remedial Professions 029N Report Writing 129J Reprographic Techniques 085J Rescue Officials 081L Residential Child Care 105L Residential Social Work 105N Restaurant Operations 127

N Retailing 125N Road Safety Studies 129N Road Transport 129H Road Transport Engineering 073K Roadwork 092T Romanian 161K Roof-slating and Tiling 092J Rubber Technology 084D Rural Home Economics 049D Rural Resource Management 049J Rural Saddlery 084R Russian 158R Russian and Soviet Studies 158N Sales Management 125N Salesman/Commercial Travelling 125J Science and Technology of Polymers 084N Science Laboratory Administration 121Y Science and social studies 204Y Science, social studies and arts 206J Screen Process Printing 085N Sea Fishing 129N Sea Survival 129X Secondary Education 193N Secretarial and Typing Skills 121N Secretarial Studies 121T Serbo-Croat 161C Serology 039H Sheet Metal Work 077N Shipbroking 129J Shipbuilding 086N Shipping 129N Ships Cook 127K Shopfitting 092N Shorthand and Shorthand Transcription 121J Silversmiths Work 085K Site Management Studies 092J Skilled Processors (Technology) 089T Slavonic 161L Social Administration 104V Social Ethnics 178V Social History 171L Social Policy 104L Social Science 103L Social Studies 103L Social Work 105M Socio Legal Studies 113L Sociology 103W Soft Furnishing 186G Software 065G Software Engineering 065H Soil Mechanics 072B Solid Waste 029R Spanish 154R Spanish Studies 154R Spanish/Latin American Studies with Portuguese 156X Special Needs 196W Speech and Drama 184B Speech Therapy 029X Sports Studies/science 192H Spring Engineering 073W Stage Management 184 Statistics 064 Statistics and Computing 064G Statistics and Numerical Methods 064N Stock Exchange Practice 123

N Store-keeping 125H Structural Engineering 072P Studio and Production Techniques 134N Supervisory Management 121F Surface Coating Technology 051W Surface Pattern Design 182B Surgical Laboratory Technicians 028 Surveying -K building 092H engineering 072H general practice 072F hydrographic 058K quantity 092H Surveying Science 072R Swedish 157 Systems Analysis and Design 065 Tailoring 084N Taxation 123X Teachers - Adult Education 195X Teaching in a Multi-cultural Society 194X Teaching in Special Schools 196X Teaching the Handicapped 196P Technical Communication/Authorship 131W Technical Illustration 182W Textile Design 182N Textile Marketing 125J Textiles Technology 084J Textiles-General 084W Theater 184W Theater Acting 184W Theater Arts 184W Theater Craft 184W Theater Design 182H Theater Electricians 075W Theater/Film/TV 185V Theology 178M Theory of Law 113B Therapy through Art/Drama/Music 029J Thermal Insulation 089W Three-D design 182J Timber Technology (Wood Science) 084N Tourism 127K Town Planning 094B Toxicology 022N Trade union Studies 126N Trading Standards 129N Training Management 121T Translators 169N Transport 129N Transport Planning 129N Travel and Tourism 127W Trichology 189H Turbine Technology 073D Turf Culture/Green Keeping 042N Typewriting and Audio-type-writing 121W Typography and Graphic Communication 182K Urban and regional Planning 094K Urban Studies 094N Valuers and Auctioneers and General Practice 128D Vegetable/Flower Production 042H Vehicle Bodywork 073D Veterinary Science 041W Visual Art 181W Visual Studies 185W Vocational Craft 186W Vocational Design 186

H Welding 077L Welfare 105Q Welsh 145N Wines and Spirits/Alcoholic Beverages 127M Women’s Studies 119N Word-processing 121N Work Study (including Organization and Methods) 121J Yacht and Boat Design 086J Yacht and Boat-building 086J Yacht and Boatyard Management 086N Yachting 129L Youth and Community Work 105C Zoo Management 033C Zoology 033

B: classif. GH

HEALTH EDITING INSTRUCTIONS

ILLNESS

Do not alter the coding.

If coded NO and there is an interviewer note that the informant answered no but is very deaf or has a leg amputated etc., accept No. However, if it is a full interview and the note refers to the informant being mentally handicapped etc., refer to supervisor.

Accept YES even if the answer at LMatter states that the complaint no longer troubles the informant, or if the complaint does not appear to be a long-standing one.

WhWrong

Code the answer given at LMatter, using the following notes and frame.

NB In the Child Health section, the variable WhWrong appears after Matter rather than LMatter, but refers to coding LMatter for that child. Make sure you code the answer at LMatter, not Matter, and that you code the right answer for the right child. Maximum number of multicodes = 8.

Notes on coding long-standing illness

1. Code the current condition as it now affects the informant, not the cause, if the cause is an infection or injury.

eg. "Had polio as a child and left with a limp" - code the aftereffect of polio only (code 36).

"Arthritis following severely fractured femur" - code arthritis only (code 34).

"Deafness as a result of meningitis" - code deafness only (code 11).

2. Code all complaints the informant currently suffers from, even if the informant says that one complaint causes another condition, unless:

i. single coding or coding of only one of the complaints is specifically indicated in the instructions or frame.

ii. the answer indicates that one condition is an explanation of another complaint.

eg. "Angina, diabetic and high blood pressure" - code all complaints (codes 16, 2, 17)

"Angina. Also suffer from breathlessness" - code both complaints (code 16, 25)

"Diabetes, therefore sight problems and heart problems - code all complaints (codes 2, 9, 18)

"Angina, also breathlessness because of this" - code angina only (code 16)

Partially paralyzed as result of stroke" - code stroke only (code 15)

"Back problems - arthritis of spine" - code arthritis only (code 34)

"Leg trouble - varicose veins" - code varicose veins only (code 20)

"Spastic down right side, can't use hand, walks with limp" - code spastic only (code 8)

3. Operations: Code the cause of the operation unless the informant actually states that this no longer troubles him/her, or that the operation has resulted in another problem.

eg. "Eye operation for cataracts" - code cataracts "Operation for cancer of bowel" - code cancer

"Effects of cancer operation" - code cancer

"2 replacement hips for arthritis" - code arthritis (unless there is an indication that it is now the replacement hips which are the problem)

"Had cancer operation 2 years ago - apart from going for checks it doesn't trouble me now" - ignore cancer, use code 42 if this is the only complaint mentioned.

4. Complaints no longer present: If the informant actually states that he/she no longer suffers from the complaint, use code 42 if this is the only complaint given; if another complaint is given, ignore this complaint.

eg. "Tonsil trouble but now resolved after removal" - use code 42 (complaint no longer present)."Migraine. Used to suffer from asthma as child but haven't had it since" - code migraine only

But if the informant says the complaint no longer troubles him/her, and the complaint is still present but kept under control by medication, code the complaint.

eg. "Epilepsy, kept under control by drugs" - code epilepsy "Used to suffer from dizzy spells - takes medicine -code dizzy spells

5. Injury/war wound: Code the site of the injury unless a past injury now causes a present complaint.

eg. "Gun shot wounds in shoulder" - code 36 "Whip lash injury to neck" - code 35"Paraplegic as result of rugby accident" - code paraplegic"Rheumatism in leg - broke it when a child" - code rheumatism

6. Old age: Ignore old age if another complaint is given, but use code 41 if it is the only answer given and there are no other codable complaints.

eg."Diabetes and old age" - code diabetes only"Weak with old age, difficulty walking" - code difficulty walking"Frail - old age" - use code 41

7. Code what the informant thinks or suspects to be the complaint or cause.

eg. "Suspected diabetes" - code diabetes "Pain in knee - think it is arthritis" - code arthritis

8. Code 41 (unclassifiable) is single coded. Ignore unclassifiable complaints if a codable complaint is also given eg "arthritis, allergies" - code arthritis only.

9. Only use codes 40 and 41 for the complaints given as examples in the frame. Refer all queries to s/v.

10. FLAG all queries for s/v.

11. It is acceptable to use code 42 (complaint no longer present) when LimitAct is coded Yes.

GHS CODING FRAME FOR LONGSTANDING ILLNESS

MC COMPLAINT

1 Cancer (neoplasm) including lumps, masses, tumors and growths and benign (non-malignant) lumps and cysts

incl. leukemia (cancer of the blood) Hodgkin's diseaseLymphoma acoustic neuromaNeurofibromatosishereditary cancerCancers sited in any part of the body or system eg. lung cancer, breast cancer, stomach cancer, skin cancer, bone cancerAll tumors, growths, masses, lumps and cysts whether malignant or benign eg. tumor of brain, growth in bowel, growth on spinal cord, lump in breast, cyst on eye, cyst in kidneyWilms tumorrodent ulcerssarcomas, carcinomasmastectomy (nes)hysterectomy for cancer of wombcolostomy caused by cancerpart of intestines removed (cancer)after affect of cancer (nes)Endocrine/nutritional/metabolic diseases and immunity disorders

2 Diabetesincl. Hyperglycemia

3 Other endocrine/metabolicincl. underactive/overactive thyroid, goitre, thyrotoxicosishormone deficiency, deficiency of growth hormone, dwarfismBeckwith-Wiedemann syndromeAddison's diseaseCushing’s' syndromeGilbert's syndromeCoeliac diseasephenylketonuriaCystic fibrosisAIDS, AIDS carrier, HIV positiverickets Hashimoto's diseaseobesity/overweight Malaciagout Wilson's diseasewater/fluid retention Myxoedema (nes)hypopotassaemia, lack of potassiumhypercalcemia

NB Thyroid trouble and tiredness - code 3 only Overactive thyroid and swelling in neck - code 3 only

Mental, behavioral and personality disorders

4 Mental illness/anxiety/depression/nerves (nes)incl. schizophrenia, manic depressivesenile dementia, forgetfulness, gets confusednervous breakdown, neurasthenia, nervous troubleanxiety, panic attacksstressnerves (nes)depressionphobiasautistic childanorexia nervosaalcoholism, recovered not cured alcoholic drug addictspeech impediment, stammerdyslexiahyperactive child

catalepsyconcussion syndrome

NB Alzheimer's disease, degenerative brain disease = code 8

5 Mental handicap

incl. Down's syndrome, mongolmentally retarded subnormal

Nervous system (central and peripheral including brain) -not mental illness

6 Epilepsy/fits/convulsionsincl. grand mal, petit mal, Jacksonian fit, blackouts, febrile convulsions, fit (nes)

7 Migraine/headaches

8 Other problems of nervous systemincl. Multiple sclerosis (MS), disseminated sclerosisCerebral palsy (spastic)Spina bifidaPhysically handicapped - spasticity of all limbsHydrocephalus, microcephaly, fluid on brainParkinson's disease (paralysis agitans)Motor neurone diseasemuscular dystrophyHuntington's choreaAlzheimer's disease, degenerative brain diseaseFriedreich's AtaxiaAbscess on brainBrain damage resulting from infection (eg meningitis,encephalitis) or injuryinjury to spine resulting in paralysisparaplegia (paralysis of lower limbs)partially paralyzed (nes)metachromatic leucodystrophyMyotonic dystrophyGuillain-Barre syndromeMyastenia gravissyringomyeliamyalgic encephalomyelitis (ME)post viral syndrome (ME)Bell's palsytrigeminal neuralgianeuralgia, neuritiscarpal tunnel syndromesciaticatrapped nervenumbness/loss of feeling in fingers, hand, leg etcpins and needles in armremoval of nerve in armshinglesrestless legsnarcolepsy (falling asleep)

Eye complaints

9 Cataract/poor eye sight/blindness

incl. operation for cataracts, now need glassesbad eyesight/nearly blind because of cataractshardening of lenslens implants in both eyesbad eyesight, restricted vision, partially sightedshort sighted, long sighted, myopiatrouble with eyes (nes), eyes not good (nes)blind in one eye, loss of one eyeblindness caused by diabetes detached/scarred retinatunnel visionblurred vision

10 Other eye complaints

incl. glaucomabuphthalmosiritisretinitis pigmentosanight blindnessastigmatismdouble visioncolor blindsquint, lazy eyescarred cornea, corneal ulcers haemorrhage behind eyedry eye syndrome, trouble with tear ducts, watery eyeseyes are light sensitiveinjury to eyeeye infection, conjunctivitissty on eyefloater in eye

Ear complaints

11 Poor hearing/deafness

incl. hard of hearing, slightly deafconductive/nerve/noise induced deafnessdeaf and dumbotosclerosispoor hearing after mastoid operation

12 Tinnitus/noises in the ear

incl. pulsing in the ear

13 Meniere's disease/ear complaints causing balance problems

incl. Labyrinthitisloss of balance - inner earvertigovestibulitis

14 Other ear complaints

incl. otitis mediaglue eardisorders of Eustachian tubeperforated ear drum (nes)

middle/inner ear problemsmastoiditisear trouble (nes), ear problem (wax)ear aches and dischargesear infectionComplaints of heart, blood vessels and circulatory system

15 Stroke/cerebral haemorrhage/cerebral thrombosisincl. stroke victim - partially paralyzed and speech difficultyhemiplegia, apoplexy, cerebral embolismcerebra-vascular accident

16 Heart attack/angina

incl. coronary thrombosis, myocardial infarction

17 Hypertension/high blood pressure/blood pressure (nes)

18 Other heart problemsincl. heart disease, heart complaint, heart failurecardiac problems, heart trouble (nes)weak heart because of rheumatic feverhole in the heart, valvular heart diseasehardening of arteries in heart Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome Aortic stenosis, aorta replacement, mitral stenosis pacemaker implantpericarditis, Ischaemic heart diseasecardiac diffusion, cardiac asthma heart murmur, palpitationstachycardia, sick sinus syndrome atrial/ventricular fibrillation tired heart, pains in chest (nes)dizziness, giddiness, balance problems (nes)too much cholesterol in blood, high cholesterolSt Vitus dance

NB Balance problems due to ear complaint - code 13

19 Piles/haemorrhoids incl. varicose veins in anus

20 Varicose veins/phlebitis in lower extremitiesincl. varicose ulcers, varicose eczema

21 Other blood vessels/embolicincl. arteriosclerosis, hardening of arteries (nes)artificial arteries (nes)arterial thrombosis, thrombosis (nes)blocked arteries in legRaynaud's diseasepulmonary embolism, blood clots (nes)intermittent claudicationWright's syndrometelangiectasia (nes)polyarteritis nodosaswollen legs and feetgangrenelow blood pressure/hypotensionhypersensitive to the coldpoor circulation

varicose veins in oesophagus

NB Haemorrhage behind eye = code 10

Complaints of respiratory system

22 Bronchitis/emphysemaincl. chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis

23 Asthmaincl. bronchial asthma, allergic asthmaasthma - allergy to house dust/grass/cat furNB Exclude cardiac asthma - code l8

24 Hayfeverincl. allergic rhinitis

25 Other respiratory complaintsincl. bronchial trouble, chest trouble (nes)bad chest (nes), weak chest - wheezybreathlessnesspneumoconiosis, byssinosis, asbestosis and other industrialrespiratory diseases, pigeon fanciers' lunglung complaint (nes), lung problems (nes)damaged lung (nes), lost lower lobe of left lunglung damage by viral pneumoniafibrosis of lungulcer on lung, fluid on lungfurred up airways, collapsed lungchest infections, get a lot of coldsrecurrent pleurisysinus trouble, sinusitisrhinitis (nes)catarrhadenoid problems, nasal polypssore throat, pharyngitis, tonsillitisthroat trouble (nes), throat irritationthroat infectionabscess on larynxcoughing fitsallergy to dust/cat fur (nes)paralysis of vocal cordscroupNB TB (pulmonary tuberculosis) - code 37Cystic fibrosis - code 3Skin allergy - code 39Food allergy - code 27Allergy (nes) - code 41Pilonidal sinus - code 39Sick sinus syndrome - code 18Whooping cough - code 37

If complaint is breathlessness with the cause also stated, code the cause -

eg breathlessness as a result of anemia - code 38breathlessness due to hole in heart - code 18breathlessness due to angina - code 16

Complaints of the digestive system

26 Stomach ulcer/ulcer (nes)/abdominal hernia/rupture incl. gastric/duodenal/peptic ulcerulcer (nes) double/inguinal/diaphragm/hiatus/umbilical hernia hernia (nes), rupture (nes)

27 Other digestive complaints (stomach, liver, pancreas, bile ducts, small intestine - duodenum, jejunum and ileum)

incl. stomach trouble (nes), abdominal trouble (nes)indigestion, heart burn, dyspepsianervous stomach, acid stomachinflamed duodenumweakness in intestinesileostomypancreas problemsthroat trouble - difficulty in swallowingstone in gallbladder, gallbladder problemsliver disease, biliary artesiacirrhosis of the liver, liver problemstwisted gulletfood allergies

28 Complaints of bowel/colon (large intestine, caecum, bowel, colon, rectum)

incl. colitis, colon trouble, ulcerative colitis spastic colonenteritisdiverticulitisirritable bowel, inflammation of bowelpolyp on bowelcolostomy (nes)Crohn's diseaseHirschsprung's diseasefrequent diarrhea, constipationfecal incontinence/encopresisgrumbling appendix

NB exclude piles - code 19Cancer of stomach/bowel - code 1

29 Complaints of teeth/mouth/tongue incl.impacted wisdom tooth, gingivitisulcers on tongue, mouth ulcerscleft palate, hare lipno sense of taste

Complaints of genito-urinary system

30 Kidney complaints

incl. kidney trouble, tube damage, stone in the kidney nephritis, pyelonephritischronic renal failure uremiarenal TBhorseshoe kidney, cystic kidneyonly one kidney, double kidney on right sideGoodpasture' S syndromeLaurence-Moon (-Biedl) syndrome

31 Urinary tract infectionincl. cystitis, urine infection

32 Other bladder problems/incontinence

incl. weak bladder, bladder complaint (nes)bladder restrictionbed wetting, enuresiswater trouble (nes)

NB Prostate trouble - code 33

33 Reproductive system disorders

incl. Endometriosisprolapsed wombprolapse (nes) if femalevaginitis, vulvitis, dysmenorrhoeagynaecological problemsmenopausehysterectomy (nes)period problems, flooding, premenstrual tensionabscess on breast, mastitis, cracked nippledamaged testiclesprostate gland troubleimpotence, infertilityTurner's syndromepelvic inflammatory disease (female)

Musculoskeletal - complaints of bones/joints/muscles

34 Arthritis/rheumatism/fibrositis

incl. arthritis/rheumatism in any part of the bodyosteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica psoriasis arthritis (also code psoriasis)Still's diseaserheumatic symptomsarthritis as result of broken limb

35 Back problems/slipped disc/spine/neck

incl. back trouble, lower back problems, back achespondylitis, spondylosis, cervical spondylitisprolapsed invertebral discsworn discs in spine - affects legsdamage, fracture or injury to back/spine/neck curvature of spinelumbago, inflammation of spinal jointdisc troubleSchuermann's disease laminectomy (nes)

NB Exclude if damage/injury to spine results in paralysis -code 8Sciatica - code 8Trapped nerve in spine - code 8

Musculoskeletal - complaints of bones/joints/muscles

36 Other problems of bones/joints/muscles

incl. osteomyelitis brittle bones, osteoporosisPierre Robin syndromePaget's disease

Perthe's diseaseSchlatter's diseaseSever's diseasedislocation eg dislocation of hip, clicky hip, dislocated knee/fingerfracture, damage or injury to extremities, ribs, collarbone, pelvis, skull eg knee injury, broken leg, gun shot wounds in leg and shoulder, can't hold left arm out flat - broke it as a child, broken nose, deviated septumabsence or loss of limb eg lost leg in war, finger amputated, born without armsdeformity of limbs eg club-foot, clawhand, malformed jawwalk with limp as a result of polio, polio (nes), after-effects of polio (nes)Systemic sclerosis, myotonia (nes)disseminated lupuship replacement (nes)hip infection, TB hiptorn muscle in leg, torn ligaments, tendinitis bad shoulder, bad leg, collapsed knee cap, knee cap removed cartilage problemsfrozen shoulderaching arm, stiff arm, sore arm musclestrained leg muscles, pain in thigh muscles stiff joints, joint pains, contraction of sinewsmuscle wastageDupuytren's contractionbursitis, housemaid's knee, tennis elbowdelayed healing of bones or badly set fracturesweak legs, leg trouble, pain in legslegs won't go, difficulty in walkingcramp in handphysically handicapped (nes)flat feet, bunionschondrodystrophiatenosynovitis

NB Muscular dystrophy - code 8

37 Infectious and parasitic disease

incl. pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)tuberculosis of abdomensarcoidosistoxoplasmosis (nes)viral hepatitis glandular fevermalariatyphoid fevertetanusvenereal diseases, herpesthrush, candidaathlete's foot, fungal infection of nailringwormwhooping cough

NB After-effect of poliomyelitis, meningitis, encephalitis -code to site/systemEar/throat infections etc - code to site

38 Disorders of blood and blood forming organs

incl. anemia, pernicious anemiasickle cell anemia/diseasethalassaemiahemophiliapurpura (nes)blood condition (nes), blood deficiencypolycthaemia (blood thickening), blood too thick

removal of spleenremoval of lymph gland (nes)

NB Leukemia - code 1

39 Skin complaints

incl. eczemapsoriasis, psoriasis arthritis (also code arthritis)dermatitisepidermolysis, bulosapilonidal sinusitisimpetigoacneskin rashes and irritationsskin allergies, leaf rash, angio-oedemaskin ulcer, ulcer on limb (nes)birth markburned arm (nes)cellulitis (nes)carbuncles, boils, warts, verrucacorns, callusesingrown toenailchilblainsabscess in groinStevens-Johnson syndrome

NB Rodent ulcer - code 1Varicose ulcer, varicose eczema - code 20

40 Other complaints

incl. Insomniasleepwalkingfaintingadhesionshair falling out, alopeciatravel sicknessnose bleedsno sense of smelldumb, no speechNB Deaf and dumb - code 11 onlySC

41 Unclassifiable (no other codable complaint)

incl. old age/weak with old agegeneral infirmityallergy (nes), allergic reaction to some drugs (nes)war wound (nes), road accident injury (nes)tiredness (nes)generally run down (nes)weight loss (nes)after-effects of meningitis (nes)had meningitis - left me susceptible to other things (nes)electrical treatment on cheek (nes)swollen glands (nes)embarrassing itch (nes)glass in head - too near temple to be removed (nes)

42 Complaint no longer present

NB Only use this code if it is actually stated that the complaint no longer affects the informant.

Exclude if complaint is kept under control by medication -code to site/system.

] Refusal

DocTalk

When dealing with notes made by interviewers, bear in mind the following points:

1. To avoid duplication:

If the doctor sees a relative of the patient, and not the patient himself, the visit should be coded on the relative's questionnaire (if in the household).

Where the doctor visits a house and examines a patient and, at the same visit, talks to another member of the household about the patient, the visit should be shown only on the questionnaire of the patient.

2. Doctors seen at clinics:

The question is intended to cover visits to doctors in their own practices only. If it emerges, at GP or DocWhere for example, that the doctor was seen at a hospital clinic or a district health authority clinic, delete this consultation (unless the doctor functions as a GP to hospital staff and informant is on hospital staff, in which case accept).Also delete if the doctor was only seen at a blood donor session, or it was a follow-up visit to informant's home by a hospital doctor (eg for TB or VD).

Include if the child was seen by a doctor at a sch6ol clinic but exclude visits to a child welfare clinic run by a Local Authority.

3. Medicals:

Accept these regardless of who they are for (eg insurance company, employer, DSS) or where they are held.

4. Making appointments:

Visits or phone calls to the doctor to book appointments or arrange home visits should be deleted unless the doctor was actually spoken to about a health problem.

NChats

If there is a note that the informant has seen a doctor more than 4 times, accept 4 but make a note of the number of times and refer to s/v. (We will keep a count of these to consider whether we should extend the range next year.)

GP

Recode answers given at XGP where possible. Otherwise leave in code 3.

Include in code 1: Doctors/locums forming part of the general practitioners emergency service as they perform the functions of a GP.

Include in code 2: Consultant (unless seen at a hospital, in which case delete)

Include in code 3: Forces Medical Officers; School doctor - at school; Company/works doctor - at work

The following types of doctor should be deleted:Doctors in hospital/doctors in convalescent homeHomeopathic doctor/hypnotist/acupuncturist (unless a qualified GP)Osteopaths/chiropractors etcDoctor at a Child Welfare Center or Child Health Clinic

DocWhere

Include in code 2: Seen in relative's/friend's home.

InPatnt

Exclude inpatient stays in a hospital abroad.

PrsGlses/PrsLens

There is a warning if PrsGlses or PrsLens is 5 or more.

SUPPRESS this warning unless it is clear that the answer is incorrect, or the interviewer has not followed the instructions about disposable lenses, in which case amend the answer at PrsGlses/PrsLens.

NHStest

If there is an interviewer note that the informant belongs to one of the groups listed in the interviewer instructions, and NHStest is not coded 1, then recode to 1 (NHS test).

HEALTHINDEX

Code

Abdominal hernia 26Abdominal rupture 26Abdominal trouble 27

Abcessbrain 08breast 33groin 39larynx 25

Absenceeye 09kidney 30limb 36

Acoustic neuroma 01

Ache -Arm 36back 35ear 14head 07

Acid stomach 27

Acne 39

Addictionalcohol 04drug 04

Addison's disease 03

Adenoid problems 25

Adhesions (nes) 40

After-effect -cancer (nes) 01meningitis (nes) 41polio 36

Age (old) (nes) 41

Agoraphobia 04

AIDS 03

AIDS carrier 03

Alcoholism 04

Allergic asthma 23Allergic reaction (nes) 41Allergic rhinitis 24

Allergyanimal fur (nes) 25causing asthma 23drugs(nes) 41dust(nes) 25food 27skin 39(nes) 41

Alopecia 40

Alzheimer's disease O8

Anemia -pernicious 38sickle cell 38(nes) 38

Angina 16

Angio-oedema 39

Anorexia nervosa 04

Anxiety 04

Aorta replacement 18

Aortic stenosis 18

Apoplexy 15

Appendix (grumbling) 28

Arterial thrombosis 21

Arteriosclerosis (nes) 21

Artesia biliary 27

Artificial arteries (nes) 21

ArthritisRheumatoid 34(any site) 34

Asbestosis 25

Asthmaallergic 23bronchial 23cardiac 18(nes) 23

Astigmatism 10

AtaxiaFriedreich's 08

Athlete's foot 37

Atrial fibrillation 18

Attackheart 16panic 04

Autism 04

Back ache 35Back trouble 35

Bad chest 25Bad eyesight 09Bad leg 36

Balance problemdue to inner ear 13(nes) 18

Baldness 40

Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome 03

Bed Wetting 32

Bell’s Palsy O8

Biliary artesia 27

Birthmark 39

Blackouts 06

Bladder complaint 32Bladder problems 32Bladder restriction 32

BleedingNose 40

Blindnesscolor 10night 10(nes) 09

Blocked artery (nes) 21

BloodClot (nes) 21condition 38deficiency 38pressure- high 17- low 21- (nes) 17thickening 38

Blurred vision 09

Boils 39

Bowelinflamed 28irritable 28

polyp 28

Brain damage 08

Breakdownnervous 04

Breathlessnessexcl. due to anemia, angina, holein the heart) 25

Brittle bones 36

Brokenlimb 36nose 36rib 36

Bronchial trouble 25

Bronchiectasis 22

Bronchitis 22

Bulosa 39

Bunion 36

Buphthalmos 10

Burned arm (nes) 39

Bursitis 36

Byssinosis 25

Callous 39

Cancer (any site) 01

Candida 37

Carbuncle 39

Carcinoma (any site) 0l

Cardiac diffusion 18

Cardiac problem 18

Carpal tunnel syndrome 08

Cartilage problem 36

Catalepsy 04

Cataract 09

Catarrh 25

Cellulitis (nes) 39

Cerebral embolism 15Cerebral hemorrhage 15Cerebral palsy O8Cerebral thrombosis 15

Cerebro-vascularaccident 15

Cervical spondylitis 35Chest infection 25Chest pains (nes) l8Chest trouble (nes) 25

Chilblains 39

Cholesterolhigh l8too much in blood 18

Chondrodystrophia 36

Chronic bronchitis 22Chronic renal failure 30

Circulationpoor 21

Cirrhosisliver 27

Claudicationintermittent 21

Claw-hand 36

Cleft palate 29

Club-foot 36

Coeliac disease 03

Cold (common) 25

Colitisulcerative 28(nes) 28

CollapseKnee cap 36lung 25

Colon trouble 28

Colostomyfor cancer 01nes) 28

Color blind 10

Concussion syndrome 04

Confused (mental) 04

Conjunctivitis 10

Constipation 28

ContractionDupuytren s 36Sinews 36

Convulsions 06

Corn 39

Cornea scarred 10Corneal ulcer 10

Coronary thrombosis 16

CoughWhooping 37(nes) 25

Cracked nipple 33

Cramp limb 36

Crohn's disease - 28

Croup 25

Curvature spine 35

Cushing's syndrome 03

Cyst (any site) 01Cystic fibrosis 03

Cystic kidney 30

Cystitis 31

Damage brain 08kidney 30lung 25spine (excl paralysis ) 35testicles 33

Deaf and dumb 11

Deafness -conductive 11nerve 11(nes) 11

Deficiencyblood 38hormone 03

Dementia -senile 04

Depression 04

Dermatitis 39

Detached retina 09

Deviated septum 36

Diabetes 02

Diarrhea 28

Difficultyswallowing 27walking (nes) 36

Diffusioncardiac 18

Disc trouble 35

Dischargeear 14

Disease - (see also syndrome)Addison's 03Alzheimer's 08Coeliac 03Crohn's 28degenerative brain 08hashimoto's 03heart 18Hirschsprung's 28Hodgkin’s 01Ischaemic heart 18liver 27Meniere's 13motor neurone 08Paget's 36Parkinson's 08Pelvic inflammatory (Female) 33Perthe's 36Raynaud's 21Schlatter's 36Schuermann's 35Sever's 36Sickle cell 38Still's 34valvular heart l8venereal 37Dislocationdisc 35neck 35spine 35other site 36

Disseminated lupus 36Disseminated sclerosis 08

Diverticulitis 28

Dizziness 18

Double hernia 26Double kidney 30Double vision 10

Down's syndrome 05

Drug addiction 04

Dry eye syndrome 10

Dumband deaf 11(nes) 40

Duodenal ulcer 26

Dupuytren contraction 36

Dwarfism 03Dyslexia 04

Dysmenorhea 33

Dyspepsia 27

Dystrophymuscular O8

myotonic O8

Earcausing balance problems 13drum - perforated (nes) 14glue 14noises in 12

Earache 14

Eczemavaricose 20(nes) 39

Embolismcerebral 15pulmonary 21

Emphysema 22

Encephalomyelitis -myalgic 08

Encopresis 28

Endomentriosis 33

Eneuresis 32

Enteritis 28

Epilepsy 06

Epidermolysis 39

Eustachian tubedisorder of 14

Eyedry 10infection 10lazy 10light sensitive 10sty 10watery 10

Eyesightbad 09poor 09

Fecal incontinence 28

Failureheart 18renal 30

Fainting (nes) 40

Febrile convulsions 06

Feelingloss of (in extremities) 08

Fibrillation -atrial 18ventricular l8

Fibrosis

cystic 03lung 25

Fibrositis 34

Fitcoughing 25Jacksonian O6(nes) 06

Flat feet 36

Floater-eye 10

Fluidon brain 08on lung 25retention 03

Food allergy 27

Forgetfulness 04

Fracture (nes)disc 35neck 35spine 35other site 36

Friedreich's ataxia 08

Frozen shoulder 36

Fungal infection of nail 37

Gall bladder problems 27

Gallstone 27

Gangrene 21

Gastric ulcer 26

Giddiness l8

Gilbert's syndrome 03

Gingivitis 29

Glandular fever 37

Glaucoma 10

Glue ear 14

Goitre 03Good pasture's syndrome 30

Gout 03

Grand mal 06

Growth (any site) 0l

Guillain-Barre syndrome 08

Gullettwisted 27

Gynecological problems 33

Hemophilia 38

Hemorrhagecerebral 15eye 10

Hemorrhoids 19

Hairfalling out (nes) 40

Handicapmental 05physical - spasticity 08physical (nes) 36

Hardeningarteries in heart 18arteries (nes) 21lens 09

Hare lip 29

Hashimoto's disease 03

Hayfever 24

Headaches 07

Hearingpoor 11

Heartattack 16burn 27complaint l8disease 18failure l8murmur l8trouble 18

Hemiplegia 15Hepatitis (viral) 37

Herniaabdominal 26diaphragm 26double 26hiatus 26inguinal 26umbilical 26(nes) 26

Herpes 37

Hiatus hernia 26

High blood pressure 17

High cholesterol 18

Hip infection 36Hip replacement (nes) 36

Hirschsprung's disease 28

HIV positive 03

Hodgkin's disease 0l

Hole in heart l8

Hormone deficiency 03

Horseshoe kidney 30

Housemaid's knee 36

Huntington's chorea 08

Hydrocephalus 08

Hyperactive child 04

Hypercalcemia 03

Hyperglycemia 02

Hypersensitive to cold 21

Hypertension 17

Hypopotassemia 03

Hypotension 21

Hysterectomyfor cancer 01(nes) 33

Ileostomy 27

Impacted wisdom tooth 29

Impedimentspeech -because of stroke 15(nes) 04

Impetigo 39

Implantlens 09pacemaker 18

Impotence 33

Incontinencebladder 32double 28&32fecal 28(nes) 32

Indigestion 27

Industrial respiratory disease 25

Infectionchest 25ear 14eye 10fungal of nail 37hip 36throat 25urinary tract 31

Infertility 33

Inflammationbowel 28duodenum 27spinal joint 35tendon 36

Ingrown toenail 39

Injurybrain 08eye 10limb 36neck (excl. paralysis) 35spine (excl. paralysis) 35

Insomnia 40

Intermittent claudication 21

Iritis 10

Irritable bowel 28

Irritation of skin 39

Ischaemic heart disease 18

Jacksonian fit 06

Kidneycystic 30horseshoe 30stone 30trouble 30

Labyrinthitis 13

Laminectomy (nes) 35

Laurence - Moon (-Biedl) syndrome 30

Lazy eye 10

Leaf rash 39

Lenshardening 09implant 09

Leucodystrophymetachromatic 08

Leukemia 01

Ligament - torn 36

Limp (nes) 36

Liver disease 27Liver problems 27

Loss ofbalance -inner ear 13(nes) l8

Loss ofeye 09feeling (in extremity) 08kidney 30limb 36lung 25sense of -smell 40taste 29

Low blood pressure 21

Lumbago 35

Lump (any site) 0l

Lungcollapsed 25complaint (nes) 25damaged (nes) 25farmer s 25pigeon fancier's 25problems (nes) 25

Lymphoma 0l

ME 08MS 08

Malacia 03

Malaria 37

Malformed jaw 36

Manic depressive 04

Mass (any site) 01

Mastectomy (nea) 01

Mastitis 33

Mastoiditis 14

Meniere's disease 13

Menopause 33

Mental handicap 05Mental illness 04Mental retardation 05

Metachromatic leucodystrophy 08

Microcephaly 08

Migraine 07

Mitral stenosis 18

Mongol 05

Motor neurone disease 08

Mouth ulcer 29

Multiple sclerosis 08

Murmurheart 18

Muscular dystrophy 08

Muscletorn 36wastage (nes) 36

Myalgic encephalomyelitis 08

Myasthenia gravis 08

Myocardial infarction 16

Myopia 09

Myotonia (nes) 36

Myotonic dystrophy 08

Myxoedema (nes) 03

Narcolepsy 08

Nasal polyps 25

Neoplasm (any site) 01

Nephritis 30

Neuralgiatrigeminal 08(nes) 08

Neurasthenia 04

Neuritis 08

Neurofibromatosis 01

Neuromaacoustic 0l

Nerveremoval (in limb) 08trapped 08

Nerves (nes) 04

Nervous breakdown 04Nervous stomach 27Nervous trouble 04

Night blindness 10

Nipple - cracked 33

Noisedeafness 11in ear 12

Nose bleeds 40

Numbness (if in extremity) 08

Obesity 03

Osteo-arthritis 34

Osteomyelitis 36

Osteoporosis 36

Otitis media 14

Otosclerosis 11

Overactive thyroid 03

Pacemaker implant 18

Paget's disease 36

Painback 35chest (nes) l8joint 36

Palpitations 18

PalsyBell's 08cerebral 08

Pancreas problems 27

Panic attacks 04

Paralysis -agitans 08vocal cords 25(nes) 08

Paraplegia 08

Parkinson's disease 08

Partially paralyzedbecause of stroke 15(nes) 08

Partially sighted 09

Pelvic inflammatory disease (female) 33

Peptic ulcer 26

Perforated -eardrum (nes) 14

Pericarditis l8

Period problems 33

Pernicious anemia 38

Perthe's disease 36

Petit mal 06

Pharyngitis 25

Phenylketonuria 03

Phlebitis 20

Phobia 04

Physically handicapped (nes) 36

Pierre Robin syndrome 36

Pigeon fancier's lung 25

Piles 19

Pilonidal sinusitis 39

Pins and needles in limb 08

Pleurisy 25

Pneumoconiosis 25

Polio (nes) 36

Polyarteritis Nodosa 21

Polycthaemia 38

Polymyalgia rheumatica 34

Polypbowel 28nasal 25

Poor circulation 21

Poor eyesight 09

Poor hearing 11

Post viral syndrome (ME) 08

Premenstrual tension 33

Problem - (see also trouble)adenoid 25bladder 32cardiac l8cartilage 36ear (nes) 14gall bladder 27gynecological 33inner ear (nes) 14liver 27lung (nes) 25middle ear 14pancreas 27period 33

Prolapseinverterbral disc 35womb 33(nes) - if female 33

Prostate gland trouble 33

Psoriasis 39

Psoriasis arthritis 39&34

Pulmonary embolism 2.

Purpura (nes) 38

Pyelonephritis 30

Rashleaf 39skin (nes) 39

Raynaud's disease 21

Removalfor cancer (nes) 01knee cap 36lymph gland (nes) 38nerve (in limb) 08spleen 38

Renal failure 30

Renal TB 3.

Replacementaorta 18hip (nes) 36

Restless legs 08

Restrictionbladder 32vision 09

Retardationmental 05

Retentionfluid 03water 03

Retinadetached 09scarred 09

Retinitis pigmentosa 10

Rheumatism 34

Rheumatoid arthritis 34

Rhinitisallergic 23(nes) 25

Rickets 03

Ringworm 37

Rodent ulcer 01

Ruptureabdominal 26(nes) 26

St. Vitus dance l8

Sarcoidosis 37

Sarcoma (any site) 01

Scarred cornea 10

Scarred retina 09

Schizophrenia 04

Sciatica 08

Schlatter's disease 36

Schuermann's disease 35

Sclerosis -arterial (nes) 21disseminated 08multiple 08systemic 36

Senile dementia 04

Sever's disease 36

Shingles 08

Short sighted . 09

Sick sinus syndrome l8

Sickle cell anemia 38Sickle cell disease 38

Sinuspilonidal 39sick, syndrome 18trouble 25

Sinusitis 25

Skinirritation (nes) 39rash (nes) 39ulcer 39

Sleep walking 40

Smell - no sense of 40

Sore throat 25

Spastic colon 28(nes) 08

Speech impedimentbecause of stroke 15(nes) 04

Spina bifida 08

Spondylitis 35

Spondylosis 35

Squint 10

Stammer 04

Stenosisaortic l8mitral 18

Still's disease 34

Stomach trouble (nes) 27

Stonegallbladder 27kidney 30

Stress 04

Stevens- Johnson syndrome 39

Stroke 15

Sty on eye 10

Subnormal 05

Swallowingdifficulty 27Swollen glands (nes) 41Swollen legs (nes) 21

Syndrome - (see also disease)Beckwith-Wiedemann 03Carpal tunnel 08Concussion 04Cushing's 03Down's 05dry eye l0Gilbert's . 03Good pasture’s 30Guillain-Barre 08Laurence - Moon (-Biedl) 30Pierre Robin 36post viral (ME) 08sick sinus l8Stevens - Johnson 39Turner s 33Wolff-Parkinson-White l8Wright's 21

Syringomyelia 08

Systemic sclerosis 36

TBabdomen 37hip 36limb 36pulmonary 37renal 30

Tachycardia l8

Taste - no sense of 29

Teeth 29

Telangiectasia (nes) 21

Tendinitis 36

Tennis elbow 36

Tenosynovitis 36

Testicles - damaged 33

Tetanus 37

Thalassemia 38

Throatinfection 25irritation 25sore 25troubledifficulty swallowing 27(nes) 25Thrombosisarterial 21cerebral 15coronary 16(nes) 21

Thrush 37Thyroid 03

Thyrotoxicosis 03

Tinnitus 12

Tired heart l8

Tiredness 41

Tongue ulcer 29

Tonsillitis 25

Torn ligament 36

Torn muscle 36

Toxoplasmosis (nes) 37

Travel sickness 40

Trapped nerve 08

Trouble - (see also problem)abdominal 27back 35colon (nes) 28ear (nes) 14eye (nes) 09heart l8kidney 30nervous 04prostate gland 33sinus 25stomach 27tear duct 10throatdifficulty swallowing 27(nes) 25water (nes) 32

TubeEustachian (disorder) 14kidney (damage) 30

Tumor (any site) 01

Tunnel vision 09

Turner’s syndrome 33

Typhoid fever 37

Ulcercorneal 10duodenal 26gastric 26limb (nes) 39Lung 25mouth 29peptic 26rodent 01skin 39stomach 26tongue 29varicose 20(nes) 26

Underactive thyroid 03

Uremia 30

Urinary tract infection 31

Urine infection 31

Vaginitis 33

Valvular heart disease l8

Varicose eczema 20

Varicose ulcer 20

Varicose veins -Anus 19Lower Extremities 20Oesophagus 21(nes) 20

Venereal disease 37

Ventricular fibrillation 18

Verruca 39

Vertigo 13

Vestibulitis 13

Visionblurred 09double 10restricted 09tunnel 09

Vulvitis 33

Wart 39

Wastage- muscle 36

Waterretention 03trouble (nes) 32teary eye 10

Weak bladder. 32Weak chest 25

Weak heart. 18Weak legs 36

Weakness in intestines 27

Wheezy (nes) 25

Whooping cough 37

Wilms tumor 01

Wilson's disease 03Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome l8

Worn disc 35

Wright's syndrome 21

1/B: 1204INDEX

ELDERLY EDITING INSTRUCTIONS

General Notes:

The questions on managing tasks are about help from another person. Therefore a person who manages on his or her own, but with an aid such as a stick, should be coded "on your own" A person who uses a stairlift should be coded "on your own.

If more than one activity is covered at a question eg getting up and down stairs, getting in and out of bed, the activity should be looked at as a whole. If the informant has help up steps, but not down them, Stairs should be coded as "only with help".

StrsHp

TaskHp

TnailHpRecode answers at code 9 where possible, using the following frame.

BathHp

WashHp

WalkHp

PTHelp

DomHelp

NB Answers at StrsHp, and TnailHp - PTHelp are single coded. Answers at TaskHp and DomHelp can be multi-coded.

CODE

Spouse/partner 1

Other member of household 2The following codes relate tonon-household members

Relative outside household 3Include: in-laws; all other relatives

Friend or neighbor 4Include: other residents of shelteredaccommodation

Voluntary worker 5Include: meals on wheels provided by a voluntary organization; Citizen'sAdvice Bureau; helper provided bya voluntary organization.Formal NHS or personal social services 6Include: Community or district nurse;Macmillan nurse; nurse (nes)Social worker; welfare worker;health visitor; council (nes);LA home help/homecare worker;Home help (nes); night sitter paid for by LA or social services;Ambulance man;Meals on wheels provided by LA;Warden/staff provided by LA/socialservices; Clinic (nes).

NB Warden (nes), staff in sheltered accommodation etc - check withLandLord in Household questionnaireto determine if code 6 (LA) or 9(Housing Association) applies.

Paid help 7Include: Window cleaner; daily; domestichelp; Private nurse; Tradesmen; Taxi driver;Shop deliveries provided it is not aspecific service to the elderly.

Chiropodist 8Include: NHS or private chiropodist;friend or neighbor who is a chiropodist.

Other 9Include: Rep from using association; Wardenor staff at accommodation rented from a housing association.

Answers such as Anyone who is around,anyone who is nearby (provided no otheranswer codable 1-8 is given).

PTYNot

Recode answers coded 6 (specified at XPTYNot) where possible, using the following notes:

Include in code 1: Answers relating to the informant's health eg I can't walk without a frame because of my blackouts; suffer from travel sickness.

Answers about the informant's health in relation to public transport eg cannot stand long enough to wait for buses; the fumes affect my asthma; can't walk as far as bus stop; can't get on and off; step too high on to bus.

Include in Code 2: Drive my car everywhere; I have my own car; Wife drives me.Include in Code 3: Daughter (not in household) drives me everywhere; Neighbor drives

me in his car; Don't go anywhere to use public transport, walk to local shops; Don't need to, council provides mini-bus for pensioners; always use a bike, like the exercise; prefer to walk everywhere; Don't like buses (nes).

Include in Code 4: Answers about inconvenient or inadequate public transport e.g.Infrequent, only 2 per day; unsuitable - no convenient bus; No transport near us; Public transport is unreliable.

Also include where the bus stop is an unreasonable distance away, or where it is not clear whether code 1 or 3 applies eg bus stop too far away (nes).

Include in code 5: All answers about public transport being too expensive.

Include in Code 6: Answers about lack of confidence/insecurity eg frightened of getting on and off buses and crossing the road; Lost confidence since husband died; Drivers are impatient and drive off too quickly; Language problem - doesn't speak English.

OpLst3M

Include hospital optician.

Shelter

Recode answers at code 4 (specified at XShelter) where possible.

FLAG all queries for s/v.

SMOKING EDITING INSTRUCTIONS

QtyWkEnd/QtyWkDay

If the informant could only give an overall weekly number, or ounces of tobacco, and could not estimate the number of cigarettes smoked daily, recode using the following notes.

1. Hand rolled cigarettes -

Count 1 oz of tobacco as 40 cigarettesCount 12.5 grams of tobacco as 18 cigarettesCount 25 grams of tobacco as 36 cigarettes

NB Only convert ounces to cigarettes if the informant hasnot given the number of cigarettes smoked.2. Weekly amounts -

If the informant could only give an answer in weekly terms, code 1/7th of the total at QtyWkEnd and QtyWkDay.

CigType

If there is an interviewer note saying "50/50 hand rolled and filter-tipped", priority code 1 over code 2 over code 3.

If the informant smokes filter-tipped cigarettes with the tip removed, CigType should be coded 1 (filter-tipped).

CigBrand

Recode all answers coded 997, using the Brand Check List and notes which follow.

Use code 777 if an informant smokes no regular brand or someone else's cigarettes, and the interviewer has not recorded details of the brand currently smoked.Use code 888 where there is insufficient detail to code the brand, or the brand does not appear on the attached Brand Check List. Flag for s/v if unsure whether to use 888. See notes 3 and 4 below.

Notes:

1. Tar levels are indicated after the brand on the Brand Check List by letters in brackets.

L = Low tarLM = Low to middle tar M = Middle tarMM = Middle to high tar

2. If an informant smokes two types of cigarette equally:if both brands fall into the same tar level category, code 199, 299, 399 accordingly (199 = low tar, 299 = low to middle, 399 = middle tar).

Otherwise, use code 888.

3. Use code 199, 299 etc, rather than 888, where there is insufficient detail but it is known from the Brand Check List that the tar level is the same for all cigarettes manufactured under that name eg

code Piccadilly (nes) as 299 as all are LM (low to middle); similarly code Consulate (nes) as 199 as all are low tar (L).

Code 888 where tar levels are not indicated or are different for brands manufactured under one name.

4. Use code 888 for Benson & Hedges (nes) on Self Completions or if the interviewer has coded 997.5. Note that some names may be a brand name or form part of a brand name eg Regal King Size and Embassy Regal.

Superkings is not a brand but forms part of several brand names. Benson & Hedges Silk Cut should be coded to Silk Cut as B & H are the manufacturers of Silk Cut. Royals 25s should be coded as Rothmans Royals 25s.

On the Brand Check List (P) indicates plain/untipped.

CigAge

There is a hard check if CigEver = Yes (has smoked cigarettes regularly) and CigAge = 0 (never smoked cigarettes regularly). The interviewer should have sorted out whether the informant smoked cigarettes regularly and amended CigAge or CigEver accordingly.

If the interviewer was unable to sort this out and has made a note (eg Self Completion), recode CigAge to DK using [ key.

Accept the age given here eg started smoking regularly at 5 as parents owned a tobacconists.

BRAND CHECK LIST 1994/5

Balmoral:695 Filter Mild 100s (L)348 King Size (Filter) (LM)575 King Size Low Tar (L)561 100s (LM)696 Virginia 100s (LM)

Beaumont:697 King Size (M)698 King Size Lights (LM)699 Superkings (M)700 Superkings Lights (LW)

Belvedere:531 International (LM)590 International King Size (LM)701 Superior Virginia Blend (King Size) (LM)

Benson & Hedges:303 Gold Bond Filter (LM)202 Sovereign Filter (LM)203 Sovereign King Size (LM)204 Sovereign Mild (King Size) (L)306 Special Filter (King Size) (LM)

682 Special Mild (King Size) (L)205 Sterling King Size (LM)702 Superkings (LM)703 Superkings Lights (L)683 Super Virginia Filter (LM)591 Turkish Filter (M)293 XL (LM)285 100s (LM)704 100s Luxury Length (LM)

Bentley:526 King Size (LM)673 Superkings (LM)

Berkeley:522 Special King Size272 Superkings (LM)148 Superkings Mild (L)502 Superkings Menthol (L)

Black Cat:576 King Size (LM)524 Superkings (LM)

Broadway:684 King Size 25s (LM)685 Lights King Size 25s (L)

Buckingham592 King Size (LM)749 Lights King Size (L)705 Superkings (LM)706 Superkings Lights (L)

Camel:208 Filters (King Size) (M)532 Lights (L)750 Camel (P) (H)

Capital:594 King Size (LM)595 Superkings American (Blend) (LM)596 Superkings Medium (M)597 Superkings Menthol (LM)598 Superkings Mild (LM)

Capstan:401 Navy Cut Full Strength (P) (M)308 Medium (P)209 Carrolls Number 1 (Virginia) (LM)

Cartier:600 International Luxury Mild (L)751 Vendome Lights (L)686 Center King Size (M)601 Charles House Special Reserve King Size (LM)602 Chesterfield (Filter) King Size (LM)

Choice:527 King Size (LM)707 Low Tar King Size (L)533 100s (LM)

Classic:503 King Size (LM)603 100s (LM)

Consulate:

104 Menthol (L)105 No. 2 (L)515 100s (L)

Conway:752 Deluxe Mild King Size (L)569 King Size Low Tar (L)708 Lights Superkings (L)709 Special Filter (LM)570 lO0s (LM)

Craven:534 100s Superkings (LM)504 100s Superkings Special Wild (L)

Craven "A":341 King Size (Filter) (LM)710 King Size Special Menthol (L)133 King Size Special Wild (L)106 Luxury Length Special Mild525 Special Menthol KS294 Superkings147 Superkings Special Mild692 Curzon (King Size) 25s (LM)604 Davidoff Magnum (LM)711 Death King Size (M)

Dickens & Grant:605 King Size (LM)606 Superkings (LM)780 Superkings Lights (LM)

Dorchester:138 Extra Mild (L)537 Extra Mild King Size (L)347 Filter538 King Size (M)139 Menthol (L)539 Menthol King Size (L)516 Superkings (LM)753 Superkings Extra Mild (L)577 Superkings Menthol (L)540 Superkings Mild (L)

Dunhill:690 Infinite Lights (L)213 International (LM)712 International Filter De Luxe (LM)214 International Menthol (LM)108 International Superior Mild (L)215 King Size (LM)109 King Size Superior Mild (L)658 Lights (L)568 Light Virginia (L)216 Luxury Length (LM)583 Ultimate Lights (L)

Elan:713 Mild 100s (LM)714 King Size Medium (LM)754 100s Medium (M)

Elite:541 King Size (M)

715 Superkings (LM)Embassy:

110 Extra Mild217 Filter (LM)542 Mild (King Size) (L)111 Number 1 Extra Mild218 Number 1 King Size (LM)219 Number 3 Standard Size220 Regal113 Ultra Mild King Size

Fine:716 120 Super Length Menthol (LM)717 120 Super Length Virginia Blend (LM)

First:718 De Luxe Length 100s (LM)505 King Size (LM)691 Specials (LM)755 Specials 25s (LM)

Five Kings:675 King Size (M)676 King Size Mild (LM)677 l00s (LM)

Gallaher's:402 De Luxe Blue (P) (LM)311 De Luxe Green (P) (LM)

Gauloises:610 Blondes (LM)756 Blondes Lights King Size (L)403 Caporal (P)224 Caporal Filter (LM)225 Disque Blue Caporal (LM)145 Legeres (Filter) (L)

Gitanes:612 Blondes Filter (LM)613 Blondes Lights (L)404 Caporal226 Caporal Filter (LM)615 Gitanes (P) (LM)614 International (LM)615 Plain (LM)

Globe:719 Blue King Size (L)517 King Size (LM)757 King Size Low Tar (L)543 100s (LM)313 Gold Leaf Filter Virginia (LM)

Gold Mark:286 King Size (LM)506 Superkings (LM)228 Guards (LM)

Haddows:678 King Size (M)758 King Size Lights (LM)720 Superkings (M)667 Harrods King Size (M)659 House of Commons (King Size) (L)

616 House of Lords (King Size) (L)281 Hyde Park Superkings (LM)

Independent:287 No.3 King Size (LM)617 No.3 Superkings (LM)

John Player (JP):231 King Size (LM)115 King Size Extra Mild (L)314 Special Filter352 Special lOOs315 Special King Size (LM)578 Special Lights (King Size) (L)232 Superkings (LM)134 Superkings (Low Tar) (L)584 Superkings Lights (L)585 Superkings Menthol (L)

Kensitas:544 Club (LM)316 Club King Size (LM)233 Club Mild (LM)234 Club Mild King Size (L)318 Corsair (Filter Virginia) (LM)319 (Filter Virginia) King Size (LM)320 Filter Virginia (P) (LM)320 Kensitas (P) (LM)235 Mild King Size (LM)721 Superkings

Kent:618 King Size (LM)619 Lights King Size (L)620 100s Deluxe (LM)

King George:291 King Size (LM)621 Mild King Size (L)571 Superkings (LM)

Kings:508 King Size (M)349 100s (LM)

Kingsmen:344 Filter Virginia545 King Size (LM)693 Special King Size (LM)622 Superkings (LM)

Kingston:660 King Size (LM)722 King Size Filter Kings (LM)723 Lights King Size (L)759 Superkings (LM)351 Kingsway King Size (LM)

Knights:509 Low Tar (King Size) (L)510 King Size (LM)518 100s (LM)

Knightsbridge:547 Knightsbridge (LM)579 Kings (M)

586 King Size (M)572 l00s (M)623 Kool Filter Kings Menthol (LM)

Lambert & Butler:321 International Size239 King Size (LM)549 King Size Low Tar (L)724 Lights (L)119 Special Mild King Size288 100s (LM)

Lambeth:546 King Size (LM)725 Special Mild King Size (L)565 Superkings (LM)

Lark:625 Filter King Size (LM)726 Triple Filter (LM)626 L & M Filter (King Size) (LM)

Londis:627 King Size (M)669 Luxury Length (M)

London:295 Superkings (M)628 Lucky Strike (Filters) (King Size) (LM)

Mace:511 King Size (LM)511 Maceline King Size (LM)629 Superkings (LM)528 Major Extra Size (LM)

Marlboro:242 King Size (LM)135 Lights King Size (L)140 Lights 100s (L)243 100s (LM)630 Mayfair King Size (LM)120 Merit (Filter) Extra Mild (L)

Metro:727 Kings International Filter (LM)633 100s (LM)760 100s Mild (L)

More:244 Filter 120s (LM)245 Menthol (Filter) 120s (LM)141 Special Mild 120s (LM)142 Special Mild Menthol 120s (L)566 Special Mild Menthol Filter 120s

Oscar:634 King Size (LM)728 Superkings 100s (LM)635 Pall Mall (Filter) (King Size) (LM)

Park Drive:325 Special Virginia (P) (LM)247 Tipped King Size (LM)

Peter Stuyvesant:122 Extra Mild (King Size) (L)249 (Filter) King Size (LM)

250 (Filter) Luxury Length (LM)123 Luxury Length Extra Mild (L)

Piccadilly:251 Filter De Luxe (LM)253 Number One (P) (LM)

Players;326 Medium Navy Cut (P) (LM)256 No.6 King Size (LM)328 No.10 Filter (LM)730 Prime King Size (M)

Prince:637 Lights (LM)729 Prince of Blends (M)

Raffles:274 100s (Special Virginia) (LM)529 Kings (LM)670 Lights 100s (L)731 Special Virginia

Red Band:289 King Size (LM)136 King Size Mild (L)638 Lights Superkings (L)282 Superkings (LM)

Regal:551 Filter (LM)258 King Size (LM)587 Mild King Size (L)290 100s

Regatta:530 King Size (M)761 Superkings (M)639 Review King Size (M)640 Reyno Menthol (Fresh) (M)

Ronson:345 King Size (LM)732 Lights Special Mild King Size (L)733 Special Virginia King Size (LM)762 Superkings (LM)283 100sRothmans:259 International (LM)330 King Size Filter (LM)680 Lights King Size (L)734 Royals Lights 25s (L)260 Royals 120s (LM)641 Royals 25s (LM)513 100s (LM)331 Royal Standard King Size261 St. Moritz Luxury Length Menthol (LM)642 Salem Menthol (Fresh) (LM)

Select:643 Filter Virginia King Size (LM)781 No. 2 (LM)

Senior Service:262 Cadets King Size (LM)332 Fine Virginia (P) (LM)

263 Superkings (LM)Silk Cut:

143 Silk Cut (L)275 Extra (L)137 Extra De Luxe Mild (L)661 Extra Mild King Size (L)662 Extra Mild 100s (L)127 King Size (L)514 King Size Deluxe Mild (L)588 Menthol (L)128 No.3 (L)663 Super Low (King Size) (L)580 Ultra (L)130 Ultra Low (King Size) (L)664 100s (L)

Sinclair:735 Superkings (L)552 100s (L)

Sky:567 King Size (M)644 Superkings (M)

Sobranie:645 Black Russian (LM)646 Cocktail (LM)

Solo:292 King Size (LM)519 King Size Mild (L)763 Lights King Size (L)520 Superkings (ran)764 25s King Size (LM)

Spar:346 King Size (LM)647 King Size Extra Mild (L)278 Superkings (LM)765 State Express 555 King Size (LM)

Statesmen:681 King Size (M)687 Luxury Length (LM)

Style:521 King Size (LM)694 Special 25s (LM)

Sullivan Powell:671 Private Stock Filter (King Size) (LM)648 Special Number 1 Turkish Filter (M)

Supreme:736 Mild King Size (L)553 King Size (LM)649 Superkings (LM)650 Sweet Afton Bank Size Plain (LM)766 Sweet Afton Virginia (P) (M)

Triumph:737 King Size Filter (LM)738 Special Mild King Size (L)739 Superkings (LM)564 Twenties King Size (LM)

VG:

284 King Size (LM)740 Superkings 100s (LM)

Victoria Wine:276 King Size277 Low Tar554 Special Filter (LM)555 Special Mild (L)556 lOOs (LM)

Virginia Star:741 De Luxe Mild 100s (L)767 De Luxe Mild King Size (L)742 De Luxe King Size743 Gold Classic (LM)744 Special Filter (LM)573 King Size (LM)581 100s (LM)523 Vogue Superslims (100s CL)

Windsor Blue:558 King Size (M)745 King Size Lights (LM)574 Low Tar (L)746 Superkings (M)

Windsor Gold:672 King Size (LM)747 King Size Special Magnum782 Special Virginia King Size (LM)269 Winston King Size (LM)337 Woodbine (Plain) (P) (LM)

York:666 King Size (M)654 King Size Low Tar (L)769 King Size Mild (LM)560 Superkings (M)

YSL:748 Luxury lOOs (LM)656 Menthol (L)770 Menthol Luxury 100s(L)

94brand.lis

DRINKING EDITING INSTRUCTIONS

NonDrink and StopDrnk

Recode answers at code 6 where possible into codes 1-5.

Include in code 2: Don't like the smell;Didn't appeal to me; Never wanted to;Not interested;Don't think young girls should drink (ifinformant, is a young girl).

Include in code 3: Father drank and saw what it did to my

mother; Grannie's advice;No one drinks in our family;Parents drank to excess.

Include in code 4: Specific health problems whether or not drinkrelated; medication which is not compatiblewith drinking; general fears that drinkingis bad for health;Was an alcoholic.

Include in code 5: Waste of money; Wouldn't waste my money on it.

Include in code 6: Because of my job driving - didn't want torisk losing my license; Never sure when, Iwent to parties whether I would be over thelimit;No reason, just stopped;I've seen people destroyed by drink (nomention of parents).

If more than one reason is specified and it is not clear which is the main one, treat codes as in priority order.

Shandy to OtherAmGeneral notes

1/2 pint of beer, 1 single of spirits, 1 small glass of sherry,1 glass of wine are all = 1 unit of alcohol.

Shandy is entered as 1/2 pint measures but the alcohol content is half that of beer, and at the analysis stage this will be counted as 0.5 units of alcohol.

All specified answers at amounts will be recoded from code 97. All other drinks given at OtherDr, and the amounts, will be recoded to the appropriate drink category.

AmountsCODE

1/2 pint shandy 11/2 pint beer/lager/cider 11 single (1/5 or 1/6 gill) of all spirits/liqueurs 11 small glass (2 fluid ozs) sherry/martini etc. 11 glass (4-4 1/2 fluid ozs) wine 1

Shandy

Shandy is half beer/lager and half lemonade.

Exclude bottled/canned shandy.

ShandyAm

Shandy should be entered as 1/2 pints. One and a half pints of shandy should be coded as 3.

Recode answers coded 97 and specified at XShndyAm.

Amounts of less than 1/2 pint - round up to 1/2 pint eg 3/4 pint= code 2; 1 1/4 pints = code 3; 1 3/4 pints = code 4.

Beer

Include All beer, lager and cider.Export, Heavy, Black & Tan, Diabetic beer, Home Brew lager, Special Brew lager, lager and lime, Home made beer, Guinness, Stout, Scrumpy, Pomagne, Barley wine. Diamond White cider, Black Velvet (champagne and stout).

ExcludeNon alcoholic lagers such as Barbican, Kaliber. Also exclude ginger beer.

BeerAm

Beer, lager and cider should be entered as 1/2 pints.

Recode answers coded 97 and specified at XBeerAm.

Amounts of less than 1/2 pint - round up to 1/2 pint eg 3/4 pint= code 2.

Cans of beer/lager/cider:

Small, 275 ml, approx. 1/2 pint (9 2/3 fl ozs) = code 1Medium, 330 ml, 13 fl ozs = code 2Large, 440ml, approx. 3/4 pint (15.5 fl ozs) = code 2

Therefore 2 medium cans = 26 fl ozs = code 3; 3 medium cans - 39 fl ozs = code 4 etc. 2 large cans = 1 1/4 pints = code 3; 3 large cans = 2 1/4 pints = code 5; 4 large cans = 3 pints = code 6 etc.

Bottles of beer/lager:

Small 1/2 pint (9 2/3 fl ozs) = code 1Pint bottle = code 2Liter bottle = approx. 1 3/4 pints = code 4

Flagon of beer/cider = 1 liter, approx. 1 3/4 pints = code 4

Barley wine: approx. 1/3 pint bottles = code 1 (1/3 pint ofbarley wine will have the same strength as 1/2 pint beer);2 1/3 pint bottles = code 2NB A "nip" can be used to describe (1/3) bottle of barley wine.

If the exact measure of beer/lager/cider is not given, assume1/2 pint eg 2 cans of lager (nes) = code 2; 3 beers = code 3;1 bottle (nes) = code 1

Spirit

Include Gin, whisky, rum, brandy, vodka, liqueurs, Cocktails, Egg Flip, Snowball, Bacardi, Pernod, Pimms, Bourbon, Whisky Mac (whisky & ginger wine), Schnapps, Liqueur (nes), Bluemoon (no expl), Rum & pep, Southern Comfort, Tia Maria, Ouzo/Aniseed, Cherry brandy, Arak, Irish Velvet, Advocaat, Gaelic coffee, Tequila, Armagnac, Clan Dew, Campari, Malibu, Taboo, Raki, Archers, Poteen, Sloe gin, Monterez.

SpiritAm

Spirits/liqueurs should be entered as singles.

Recode answers coded 97 and specified at XSpiritAm.

Amounts less than 1 single (1 fl oz) - round up to 1 single.

1 single = 1/5 gill (Scotland) or 1/6 gill (England & Wales);1/6 gill = 1 fl oz = code 1

1 double = 2/5 gill (Scotland) or 1/3 gill (England & Wales) = code 2

1 standard bottle of spirits = 70 or 75 cl = code 281/2 standard bottle = code 141/4 standard bottle = code 7

1 liter bottle of spirits = approx. 40 singles - code 401/2 liter bottle = approx. 20 singles = code 20

Teaspoons/tablespoons: 4 teaspoons = 1 tablespoon1 British measuring tablespoon = 1/32 imperial pintTreat as 1 single up to 4 teaspoons or 1 tablespoon.

Cocktails: Assume a single measure unless further details or instructions are given.

Treat as 1 single a "half" (term used in Scotland), a "nip", or a "tot'.

Treat a large whisky as a double.

Treat 1 Whisky Mac (whisky and ginger wine) as a double = code 2.

If the exact measure is not given, code as a single eg 2 whiskies = code 2, and assume a standard bottle eg 1/2 bottle (nes) = code 14.

NB Take care with bottles - a miniature rather than a standardbottle may be meant on a Self-Completion. Refer queries to s/v.

Sherry

Include Port; vermouth; Cinzano; Dubonnet; Martini; Bianco; Ricardo; Noilly Prat; ginger wine; home made sherry; Tonic wine; Sanatogen; Scotsmac and similar British wines fortified with spirits; port and lemon; 20/20.

Sherry Am

Sherry etc. should be entered as small glasses.

Recode answers coded 97 and specified at XSherryAm.

Amounts less than 1 small glass - round up to 1 small glass.

1 small glass (2 fluid ounces) = code 1

A schooner/large glass = 4 fl ozs = code 2

1 standard bottle of sherry/port - 70 or 75 cl - code 141/2 bottle = code 7

1 liter bottle = code 181/2 liter bottle = code 9

If exact size of glass is not given, treat as a small glass eg 1 martini = code 1.

If large glass is stated, treat as 2 small glasses.

If 1/2 bottle of sherry is specified, assume a standard bottle.

Wine

Include Champagne, Babycham, Punch, Mead, Moussec, Concorde, Saki, Cherry B, Calypso Orange Perry, Home made wine, Thunderbird, Pink Lady, Champagne cocktails, Castaway if drunk on its own.

ExcludeNon alcoholic wines such as Eisberg; communion wine (unless a lot has been drunk)

WineAm

Wine should be entered as glasses.

Recode answers coded 97 and specified at XWineAm.

Amounts of less than one glass - round up to 1 glass eg 2 1/2 glasses code as 3 glasses.

1 glass of wine = 4 - 4 1/2 fl ozs = code 1

1 standard bottle of wine - 70 or 75 cl - code 61/2 standard bottle - code 31/3 standard bottle - code 21/4 standard bottle - 1 1/2 glasses - code 2

1 liter bottle of wine - approx 8 glasses - code 81/2 liter bottle - code 41/3 liter bottle - code 31/4 liter bottle = code 2

An ordinary carafe of wine = 1 standard bottle.A liter carafe of wine - 1 liter bottle.1 can of wine = 25 cl = code 2

1 pint of wine = 20 fl ozs = code 5

Babycham - 1 bottle (3 1/2 fl ozs) = code 1

Treat 1 glass of Castaway drunk on its own as a half measure.Therefore 1 glass = code 1; 2 glasses = code 1; 3 glasses =code 2; 4 glasses = code 2

If the exact size of glass is not given, assume a standard glass; if "bottle" (nes) is specified, assume a standard bottle.

"Large glass" (nes) = code 2"Small glass" (nes) = code 1

OtherDr, OtherD and OtherAm

All other drinks must be recoded to the appropriate drinks category and IfOther then recoded to 2.

You will need to refer to the frequency (and the amounts) when recoding. The highest frequency in a category will be coded.

If the frequency at the relevant drinks category is higher than that at other drink, ignore the answer at other drink and recode IfOther to 2 eg Guinness specified at other drink, frequency at OtherD = 5 (once or twice a month);Guinness should be included in the beer category; frequency at Beer = 2 (5 or 6 days a week), which is the higher frequency, therefore ignore Guinness and recode IfOther to 2.If the frequency at other drink is higher than the frequency in the relevant drinks category, recode both the frequency and the amount at other drink to the relevant category eg Spirit = 4 (once or twice a week), SpiritAm=2singles; Campari specified at other drink, OtherD = 3 (3 or 4 days per week), OtherAm = 1 single measure; Campari should be included in the Spirits category and other drink is the highest frequency, so recode Spirit to 3 and SpiritAm to 1 single Also recode IfOther to 2.

If the frequency at other drink is the same as the frequency in the relevant drinks category, add the amounts together and recode the amount at the relevant category eg Spirit = 7 (once or twice a year), SpiritAm = 1 single; Pimms specified at other drink, OtherD = 7 (once or twice a year), OtherAm = 1 glass. Pimms should be included in the Spirits category; as the frequency is the same, add the amounts together and recode SpiritAm to 2 singles. Also recode IfOther to 2.

Additional Notes

1. If the informant has 2 different drinks within the same category (eg port and sherry) on any one day, the amounts should be added together.

2. Code a teaspoon of brandy (in tea, for medicinal purposes) as 1 single.

3. Code miniature bottles as 2 measures - code 2.

4. If a range is recorded, code the highest amount eg 2-3 large cans, code 3 large cans.

5. Round up other fractions eg 2 1/2 glasses of wine, code 3 glasses.

6. Answers such as "5+ pints", code as dk at amount ([ key).

7. If, on a self- completion, the informant said he has had a drink of a p articular category in the last 12 months, but entered NIL at amount, then the interviewer should have used the dk key for amount - accept dk.

8. "Castaway" - If drunk with something else such as cider, code the cider; if drunk on its own, code as wine.

ShandyAm - WineAm

A soft check is activated if the amount is 20 or more.

SUPPRESS this check unless there is an interviewer note which indicates that the amount should be changed, or if the amount looks suspiciously high (eg it looks as if a 17 year old has entered a weekly or yearly amount on a self-completion), in which case refer to s/v.

FAMILY INFORMATION EDITING INSTRUCTIONS

General Notes:

1. Don't know and Refusal are not allowed at dates, except at MonLvTog and YrLvTg. If the dates are not available from the spouse's/cohabitee's questionnaire, then the dates will be imputed, unless all dates for a marriage are missing, in which case refer to s/v.

2. Refer to s/v if dates for a whole marriage are missing, or if a significant proportion of questions are entered as DK or Refusal.

In some cases these may need to be recoded 5 at SelfCom3 to indicate that Marital history is too incomplete, StpChld or Tgthr1 then being the next question to apply.

In rare cases it may be necessary to recode SelfCom3 to 4 to indicate thatthe whole of the Family Information is too incomplete to be accepted.

3. If the section was asked using an interpreter aged under 16, accept the information; do not recode SelfCom3 to 4.

SIMar

Refer to s/v any queries about whether a marriage was legal.

HusbAway

Recode answers at code 3 (specified at XHusbAway) into codes 1 or 2 where possible.Include in code 1: Husband/wife in prison; spouse/cohabitee is a full-time student living away from home; wife/husband still living in Bangladesh (ie. it is only work or other circumstances which mean the couple are not living together).

Include in code 2: Answered married at MarStat but the marriage has broken down and the couple are in fact separated.

Include in code 3: Answers where it is unclear whether code 1 or code 2 applies eg had an argument and husband walked out two days ago and don't know if he is coming back.

WhereWed

Include in code 1: Any religious ceremony, whether performed in a place of worship or not.

Include in code 2: Any civil ceremony.

Include in code 3: If both a civil and religious ceremony was performed (but a civil ceremony with a blessing in church should be coded 2).

NumMar

Refer to s/v any queries about whether a marriage was legal.

ClMon and ClYr

If both ClMon and ClYr are DK or Refused, check with the partner's questionnaire and complete if possible. If not available then refer to s/v for imputation.

If ClMon only is DK or Refused, and the information is not available from the partner's questionnaire, enter 6 (June) for the month, but first check that this is consistent with other dates such as date of separation of last marriage, birth of child. If 6 does not make sense, refer to s/v. Refer answers such as “autumn” to s/v.

If ClYr only is DK or Refused, and the information is not available from the partner's questionnaire, refer to s/v for imputation.

There is a soft check that the person should not start cohabiting before the age of 16. The interviewer should have made a note explaining the circumstances: if the note indicates that they genuinely did start cohabiting before aged 16, then suppress the check. Otherwise check that the person was genuinely aged under 16 at the time they started to live together. If they were under 16, check the

date on the partner's questionnaire: if that date is different and later, recode to agree with the date the partner has given; otherwise refer to s/v for a decision on whether to suppress the check.

There is a soft check that this date cannot be before the date of separation from the previous spouse.SUPPRESS this check if a note indicates that the date is correct (but remember that if the previous marriage broke down over a period of time, it is the later date that is coded at date of separation, and therefore start of cohabiting should relate to that later date). Otherwise, if this date is less than 12 months before the separation date, SUPPRESS the check. If this date is 12 months or more before the date of separation, refer to s/v for a decision.

There is also a check that this date cannot be before the death of the previous spouse. Refer all such cases to s/v.

MonMar and YrMar

If both MonMar and YrMar are DK or Refused, and it is the current marriage, check with the spouse's questionnaire and complete if possible. If not available, or it is not the current marriage, refer to s/v for imputation.

If MonMar is DK or Refused, and the information is not available from the spouse’s questionnaire or it is a previous marriage, enter 6 (June) for the month, provide1d that this makes sense with other information eg it does not' conflict with date of separation etc (of this or a previous marriage). If it would be unreasonable to enter 6, then refer to s/y. Refer answers such as '“autumn” to s/v.

If YrMar only is DK or Refused, and the information is not obtainable from the spouse's questionnaire or it is a previous marriage, refer to s/v for imputation.

A soft check will be activated if the person got married aged under 16. The interviewer should have made a note explaining the circumstances. This check should only be suppressed if the person genuinely got married before the age of l6 in a foreign country where this was possible eg India, Morocco. Refer all other cases to s/v (the date will probably need amendment).There are checks between this marriage date and dates of previous marriages eg this marriage date must be after the date of the previous marriage; if the previous marriage ended in death, this date cannot be before the date of death; if the previous marriage ended in divorce, this date cannot be before the date of divorce.

Examine any notes made by the interviewer, and if the discrepancy cannot be resolved refer to s/v for a decision.

There is also a check that the person cannot be married again if the previous marriage ended in separation. See notes at MonSep/YrSep to resolve the query.

MonLvToq and YrLvTq

Don't know and Refusal are permissible at these questions. However, if there is a note for the current marriage that one spouse could not remember the date, but the other spouse was able to give a date, then enter that date rather than leaving it as DK.

Answers such as “autumn”" for month should be referred to s/v.

There is a soft check that the person should not start living together before the age of 16. The interviewer should have made a note explaining the circumstances: if the note indicates that this date is correct and they did start living together when under 16, then suppress the check. Otherwise check whether they really were under 16, and if so, and it is the current marriage, check the date on the spouse's questionnaire: if that date is different and later, recode to agree with the date the spouse has given. Otherwise, refer to s/v for a decision on whether to suppress the check. There is a check that this date cannot be later than the date of marriage. If this cannot be resolved from any notes made by the interviewer, then refer to s/v.

A soft check will be activated if this date is before the death of the previous spouse, or before the date stopped living with previous spouse. SUPPRESS this check if a note indicates that the information is correct (but remember that if the previous marriage broke down over a long period of time the last date is taken as the separation date, and therefore the start of living together for this marriage should relate to that later date).

Current

There are checks that code 1 (current) can only be used if MarStat is married in the household box and that code 1 can only be used once, for the present marriage.

If someone is cohabiting and still regards themselves as being married to the previous partner as they are not yet divorced, then this question should be coded 2 (ended) and HowEnded coded 3 (separation).

HowEnded

Treat annulment of a marriage as divorce (the date of annulment should be coded at divorce date).

MonDie and YrDie

If both MonDie and YrDie are DK or Refused, refer to s/v for imputation.

If MonDie only is DK or Refused, enter 6 (June) for the month, but first check that this is consistent with other dates eg date of this and subsequent marriage, date of living together before subsequent marriage.Refer answers such as “autumn” to s/v.

If YrDie only is DK or Refused, refer to s/v.

There is a check that the date of death cannot be before the date of that marriage.

MonSep and YrSep

If both MonSep and YrSep are DK or Refused, refer to s/v for imputation.

If MonSep only is DK or Refused, enter 6 (June) for the month, but first check that this is consistent with other dates eg date of this marriage, date of divorce, date of cohabitation. Refer answers such as "autumn" to s/v.If YrSep only is DK or Refused, refer to s/v for imputation.

If the marriage broke down over a period of time and the couple lived together intermittently, the month of separation should be the last month the couple lived together.

There is a check that the date of separation cannot be before the date of that marriage.

MonDiv and YrDiv

If the informant has only started divorce proceedings HowEnded should be coded Separation not Divorce.

If the informant has not yet been granted the decree absolute, but only the decree nisi, refer to s/v.

Also refer to s/v if the informant only knows the date of decree nisi rather than of the decree absolute.

If both MonDiv and YrDiv are DK or Refused, refer to s/v for imputation.

If MonDiv only is DK or Refused, enter 6 (June) for the month, but first check that this makes sense with other dates eg date of separation, date of subsequent marriage.Refer answers such as '“autumn” to s/v.

If YrDiv only is DK or Refused, refer to s/v for imputation.

There is a check that the date of divorce cannot be before the date of marriage or the date of separation.If the marriage had broken down and the couple merely lived in the same accommodation, but no longer as a couple, until after the divorce, then the date of separation should be taken as the date the marriage broke down.If there is no information for such cases, then code the separation date as the same as the divorce date.

Tgthr2

This question refers to living with someone of the opposite sex, not same sex cohabiting.

StrtMon and StrtYr

If both StrtMon and StrtYr are DK or Refused, check with the partner's questionnaire and complete if possible. If the information is not available, refer to s/v for imputation.

If StrtMon only is DK or Refused, and the information is not available from the partner's questionnaire, enter 6 (June) for the month provided this makes sense with age. Refer answers such as "autumn" to s/v.

If StrtYr only is DR or Refused, and the information is not available from the partner's questionnaire, refer to s/v for imputation.

There is a soft check that the person should not be aged under 16 when started to live together.If the interviewer has noted that they really did start to live together when under 16, suppress the check. Refer all other cases to s/v.

StpChld2

Women are asked about step, foster or adopted children living with them; men are only asked about step children.

If a cohabitating person answers No to this question, but the interviewer has noted the partner has children living in the household, then the partner's children should be counted as step children;. Recode StpChld2 to Yes and complete the following questions using information from the household box.

If, on re-marriage, a man or woman adopts the spouse's child then the child counts as a step child, not an adopted child. -But note that if a woman adopts her own child on re-marriage, as her husband is adopting his 'step child, this counts as her natural child not an adopted child, and should be entered at Baby.

Refer any notes about wards, guardians, legal custody etc to s/v (they may be coded adopted or foster).

StLivMon and StLivYr

If StLivMon or StLivYr are DK, Refused or missing, enter the marriage date (or date started living together),but first check with ResLen (how long lived at the address) for the child to make sure that it makes sense. Refer all queries to s/v.

There is a check that this date cannot be before the child's date of birth.

BirthMon and BirthYr

If both BirthMon and BirthYr are DK or Refused, refer to s/v for imputation.

If BirthMon only is DK or Refused, enter 6 (June) provided this makes sense with other birth dates.Refer answers such as "autumn" to s/v.

If BirthYr only is DK or Refused, refer to s/v for imputation.

There is a check that there must be at least 6 months between live births. Refer all such cases to s/v.

A soft check will be activated if the informant was aged under is when she gave birth.If an interviewer note indicates that this is correct and the informant did have a baby when aged under 15, SUPPRESS this check.If there is no interviewer note, but the age is 11-14, and it seems reasonable in relation to marriage dates and migration details that the information is correct, then suppress the check. If it does not seem reasonable, or the age at birth is under 11, refer to s/v.

BirthSex

If not known or missing, and it cannot be deduced, toss a coin -heads = male, tails = female.

TotChld

Accept and code the number given if the answer is "at least" or "not more than" eg not more than 3 should be coded 3.

If a range is given, code Don't know (using the [ key).

Don't know and other uncodable answers (eg whatever God sends) should be coded Don't know.

There is a check that the number here must be greater than the total number of children who are still alive (ie coded 1 or 2 at ChldLive).The informant has probably given the number she expects to have in the future, rather than the total number including those still alive. Recode Totchld accordingly.

NextAge

If a range is given, code the mid-point (nearest even number if this results in 1/2).

Code "over 21" or "30+" as Don't know (using the [ key).

Code "early" 20s/30s etc as 22, 32 etc.Code "mid" 20s/30s etc as 25, 35 etc.Code "late" 20s/30s etc as 25, 38 etc.

Code "as early as possible" as the informant's age plus one year.

Don't know and other uncodable answers should be coded Don't know.

There is a check that the age cannot be less than the informant's age in the household box.Refer to s/v any queries which cannot be resolved.

INCOME EDITING INSTRUCTIONS

StatBnM

There is a hard check that NI Retirement pension can only be coded if age is 65 or over for men, or 60 or over for women.

Note that the wife's allowance should be included on the husband's questionnaire if she is aged under 60.

A soft check will be activated if unemployment Benefit is coded but in the Employment section the person is coded 6-9 at UnempTim (ie unemployed for 12 months or more).

unemployment Benefit only lasts for one year. Sometimes people may not claim benefit when they first become unemployed.SUPPRESS the check if there is a note explaining that the information is correct, or there is no note but UnempTim is coded 6 and it seems likely that the person delayed claiming benefit, provided the amount is consistent with unemployment benefit rates. Otherwise if UnempTim is coded 7-9 and there is no note, recode to Income Support as this is probably what the person is receiving (rates will probably confirm this).A hard check does not allow both Invalidity pension and Severe disablement allowance to be coded.

The person must receive either Invalidity pension or Severe disablement allowance. SDA is for men aged 16-64 and women aged 16-59 who have not paid enough NI contributions - this will usually be housewives or the severely handicapped who have never worked; in most cases the person will be receiving 'only Invalidity pension. Check the amount against the rates, and remember that Invalidity premium is part of Income support.

A check will be triggered if the person is on Training for work/ ET/ Employment Action and neither Income support nor Unemployment Benefit is coded.

People on these schemes receive payment from DSS, including the £10 training allowance, and it should be shown here. If the person only receives the £10 allowance and is not entitled to benefit, code the allowance to unemployment Benefit. Check with OthSrcM (where the interviewer'? may have incorrectly entered it as YT allowance), or Other, at CardBnM or OthRgPay where it may be entered - if it has been entered there transfer the amount to StatBnAm, code Unemployment benefit or Income Support as appropriate, and remember to delete and recode the other questions as necessary.

There is a soft check between UnBenA, UnBenB and IncSup and this question ie if they say they are claiming unemployment benefit at UnBenA or UnBenB or Income Support at IncSup, then you would expect them to be receiving this benefit.This information could be discrepant because claiming is not the same as receiving, and if there is a reason for the discrepancy the check may be suppressed. However, if the person says he/she is claiming unemployment benefit, but it is actually Income Support that they are receiving, then recode Employment UnBenB to No and IncSup to Yes.

StatBnAm

If Child Benefit (including one parent benefit) is the only benefit received and the amount is not correct, a soft check will be reported. Amend to the correct amount:

Child benefit is £10.20 for the only, elder or eldest child for whom child benefit is payable, and £8.25 for each subsequent child. One parent benefit is £6.15.

Child Benefit With one parent benefit

1 child £10.20 £16.352 children £18.45 £24.603 children £26.70 £32.854 children £34.95 £41.10

A soft check will be triggered if the amount is £80.00 or more. This is just to check to ensure the amounts look correct given the type of benefit and the person's circumstances eg make sure that the amount is weekly, and that the interviewer hasn't entered an amount which is a mixture of periods eg they may have weekly figure for one benefit and add on the four weekly amount rather than weekly benefit for another (this may particularly apply to the mobility component of Disability living allowance).If there is a note that the informant doesn't know the amount but gets the “usual” amount, then impute the amount where possible eg for retirement pension for a widow over 80 impute £57.85.

If the informant only knows the total combined amount for benefits at StatBnAm and CardBnAm, code the basic amount for benefits at one question and transfer the remainder to the other question eg receives NI retirement pension, Income Support and Attendance allowance - total £100.35; code £30.55 for Attendance allowance and code the remainder for retirement pension and income support.

CardBnM

Recode answers at code 9 listed at XCrdBnM into other codes/questions as appropriate.

Include in code 9 (any other type of benefit):

Child's special allowance

Guardian's allowance

Industrial Death Benefit

Maternity Allowance (a fixed amount of £44.55)

Orphan's pension (war dependent's pension)

Pneumoconiosis, Byssinosis and miscellaneous diseases benefits

Workmen's Compensation Supplement

YT bridging allowance

NB Refer to s/v before including any other benefits in code 9 (some benefits such as Unemployability supplement are additions to another benefit).

The following should be transferred to other questions:

Enterprise allowance (£40.00 per week) - delete and transfer to OthRgPay.

Allowance for a foster child - delete and transfer to OthRgPay.

Mobility allowance - this is now part of Disability Living Allowance.

Motability allowance - include as Mobility allowance.

YT allowance - this should appear at usual wage (Pyperiod -PaySlip) if with an employer, or at OthSrcM if college based.

Training for work/ET/EA allowance - this should appear at StatBnM.

Exclusions from Benefit/Income Section altogether:

The following do not count as benefits or income and should be deleted entirely.

Housing Benefit - rent rebates and allowances

Council Tax rebateChristmas bonus

Death grant

Maternity grant

Criminal injuries compensation

Industrial injury compensation

Widow's benefit

Social Fund Payments

There is a hard check that if the person receives Attendance allowance they must be aged 65 or over.

If the person is aged under 65 and the amount seems correct, recode to Disability living allowance at StatBnM as the person is receiving the Care component of DLA which replaced Attendance allowance for those aged under 65.

CardBnAm

If Attendance allowance is the only benefit coded, there is a hard check that the amount must be either £45.70 or £30.55.

If it looks as if the person really does receive Attendance allowance and has given the old or rounded rate, then amend to the correct amount.

There is a hard check that if Invalid Care allowance is the only benefit received then the amount must be £34.50.

Check that the person is really receiving Invalid Care allowance - this benefit is for people of working age, 16-59 for women and 16-64 for men, who give up work and stay at home in order to look after someone who gets Attendance allowance - the dependent doesn't necessarily have to be in the household.

A soft check will be activated if the amount here is £60.00 or more.

Just check that the amount looks correct for the benefit received and the person's circumstances. If it looks correct, SUPPRESS the check.

OthSrcM

There is a check that code 5 (YT allowance on course) can only be used if the person is on YT and is at college/on a course in Employment.

If the person is on Training for work/ET, the £10 allowance and their Income Support or Unemployment benefit should be coded at StatBnM and StatBnAm. Check the amounts to make sure everything is included at StatBnAm and recode as necessary.

If the person is on YT with an employer or on Community Action, then what they receive should appear at wage details at TakeHome -GrossAm.

OthNetAm

A soft check will be triggered if the amount at OthNetAm is less than half the amount at OthGrsAm.

This check is just to ensure that extra digits, or annual rather than monthly amount have not been entered. If there is a note that deductions other than tax were made, and the amounts are given, then recode OthNetAm to gross minus tax; if amounts are not given, then calculate using the formula:

NET = GROSS x 75 100

If there is no note, then accept the figure.

If OthNetAm is DK or Refusal 'but an amount is given at OthGrsAm a check will be activated to calculate the amount at OthNetAm.

If there is a note that no tax was deducted code net the same as gross. Otherwise, assume tax was deducted, and code net as 75% of the gross.

OthGrsAm

If OthGrsAm is DK or Refusal but an amount is entered at OthNetAm, a check will be activated to calculate the amount at OthGrsAm.

If there is a note that no tax was deducted/the person doesn't pay tax, code gross the same as net. Otherwise, assume tax was deducted at 25% and calculate OthGrsAm using the formula:

GROSS = NET x 100 75

ReglrPM

Educational grant Exclude Tuition fees; Access funds (housing benefit for students)

Rent from property or subletting Include rent for garage; rent for field etc

PyPeriod

If PyPeriod is coded 9 (other period) the interviewer should have made a note of usual period covered. Recode into codes 1-8. If the interviewer has not made a note, and it is not clear from the amount that the wage is for a month or week, then refer to s/v for a decision.

Notes:

Include in one week: less than one week eg informant works one day per week.

If the informant is paid per hour or per day and the amount per hour/day is entered at TakeHome etc, then recalculate amounts based on the number of hours usually worked or number of days if this can be deduced, and recode Pyperiod to one week.If the informant works alternate weeks and is paid only for the week he works, the pay period should be coded as 2 weeks.

Refer to s/v if the person is paid per term (nes).

TakeHome - GrossAm

General notes

The usual pay is required.

If the informant started a new lob last week and has not yet been paid, what he expects to get should be coded.

If off sick or on maternity leave, or on short time, then the usual pay should relate to when they were working/before maternity leave/short time.

If there is a note that the informant is not paid, or paid at a lower rate, for school holidays (eg school cleaners) refer to s/v.

If the informant is on Community Action, the payment from DSS (including any training allowance) should be coded here, and not at StatBnM/StatBnAm.

TakeHome

There is a soft check that TakeHome should not be less than half of GrossAm.This check is to ensure that extra digits, or, an annual rather than a monthly/weekly, are not entered at gross. If the information seems correct, then SUPPRESS the check.

There will be a message to calculate TakeHome if TakHmEst is DR or Refusal, but an actual amount is given at GrossAm.

See the additional instructions for the formula for calculating net. We will assume that take home pay equals gross minus tax and National Insurance. Ignore the entry at PayeAm/PayeEst when making the calculations.

GrossAm

There is a check that gross cannot be less than take home pay.

A message to calculate GrossAm will; occur if GrossEst is DK or Refusal but an actual amount is given at TakeHome.

See the additional instructions for the formula for calculating gross. We will assume that gross equals take home pay plus tax and National Insurance. Ignore the entry at PayeAm/PayeEst when calculating gross.

An error will be reported if TakeHome plus PayeAm is £10 (or more) less than the amount entered at GrossAm.

If there is a note that non-taxable expenses such as travel, subsistence etc have been included, and the amount of these non-taxable expenses is given, then deduct this amount from TakeHome.

Otherwise, if the amount of non-taxable expenses is not given, or there are no explanatory notes, then amend GrossAm to agree with the sum of TakeHome plus PayeAm.

PayBonus

This question refers to occasional bonuses in the job the informant was doing in the reference week.

PrLTYest

If PrLTYest is DK or Refusal and an amount has been given at GrsPrLTY, a message to calculate the amount at PrLTYest will appear

Assume the informant will make a profit in the first 12 months at the monthly rate of profit so far; calculate accordingly and code an estimate from Card S.For instance if the person has been self-employed for 5 months at LongSelf, and earned £2,000, calculate as:

£2,000 x 12 = £4,800 annually = code 10 from Card S. 5

SInsLTY

If the informant will be paying National Insurance but has not yet done so, SInsLTY should be coded No.

SIAmLTY

If SIAmLTY is DK, you will see a message to calculate the amount.If the interviewer has noted that the informant pays flat rate only (Class 2), then calculate the amount of NI paid so far, using the current rate of £5.65 per week.eg self-employed 4 months = £5.65 x 17 weeks = £96.05.NB 3 months = 13 weeks, 6 months = 26 weeks

If there is a note that the informant pays flat rate plus profit related (Class 2 and Class 4), refer to s/v for a calculation.

If there are no notes, or the number of months is not given at LongSelf, SUPPRESS the check.

SENatAm

A message to calculate the amount will appear if SENatAm is DK.

1. If there is a note that the informant pays flat rate only (Class 2), then enter the amount of NI for 12 months, using the current rateie £5.65 per week - £293.80 for 12 months.

2. If it is noted that flat rate plus profit related (Class 2 and Class 4) is paid, and an amount is entered at GrsPrft then calculate the amount of profit related NI and add on the current rate of flat rate contribution. (We will always assume NI relates to the last tax year when calculating.)

Profit related NI:

April 93/94 6.3% of profit between £6,340 - £21,840 Max - £976.50

eg If GrsPrft - £14,000, then £14,000-£6,340 = £7,660 6.3% of £7,660 - £482.58 (Class 4) £482.58 + £293.80 (Class 2) = £776.38

If GrsPrft - £22,000, then the maximum amount is paid £976.50 (Class 4) + £293.80 (Class 2) - £1,270.30

3. If the type of NI is not noted, but an amount is given at GrsPrft, assume the informant pays both flat rate and profit related if the amount at GrsPrft is £6,500 or more; flat rate only if the amount is less than that, and calculate the amount of NI accordingly.

4. If an estimate is given at PrftEst or it is refused, SUPPRESS this message.

SjReg

Recode answers at code 5 (specified at XSjReg) where possible.

Include in code 3: the informant works to a regular pattern but not regularly each week eg every fortnight, once a month. Also include evening class teachers who work regularly each week in term time only.

SjNetAm

Refer to s/v if the earnings for main and second job cannot be separated, and have all been entered at TakeHome - GrossAm.

There is a soft check that SjNetAm cannot be less than half of SjGrsAm.

This check is to ensure that the interviewer has not entered an extra digit, or annual instead of monthly amount. If there is a note that other deductions are also made, and the amount is given, recode SjNetAm to the gross minus tax and NI only. In all other cases, accept the amount, provided it seems reasonable, and SUPPRESS the check.

If SjNetAm is DK and gross is given, there will be a message to calculate the amount.

If there is a note that no tax (or NI) is paid, recode SjNetAm to the amount at SjGrsAm. In all other cased, refer to s/v for a calculation.

SjGrsAm

There is a check that gross cannot be less than net (SjNetAm).

If an amount is given at SjNetAm, but SjGrsAm is DK, there will be a message to calculate gross.

If there is a note that no tax (or NI) is paid, enter the amount given at SjNetAm. In all other cases, refer to s/v for a calculation.

IncTaxAm

If there is a note that the informant could only give a code from Card S, code the mid-point of the income band.eg estimated code 3 = £1,040 - £1,560 annual code the mid-point which is £1,300.

PepTypM

Recode answers at code 3 (specified at XPepTyp) where possible.

Include in code 3: Investing in a group of companies and thus choosing which companies to invest in; any PEP which is a combination plan eg combination of companies and unit trust plan.General PEP; Insurance company plan; Mixed managed plan; Investment trust plan.

AccTypM

Recode answers at- code 11 into 1-10 where possible (and practical). (Remember to check all the details of the accounts and note these details and amounts before recoding.)For instance, leave in code 11 if a second bank account is gross and the other net, or estimates rather than an amount is given.

Exclude from accounts/investments:

Premium bondsProfit from selling stocks and sharesEndowment policyInsurance policyEmployers saving schemeDiamonds

IntDivAm

1. If only the total interest for all accounts is known, divide the amount equally between the accounts. If the total is estimated from Card R, assume the total to be the mid-point of the band, and then divide the amount equally between the accounts, and enter the appropriate code from Card R at IntDvEst.

2. If capital only is noted, code interest as 5% of capital. If the period of investment is not given, assume the sum was invested for a full year; if the period is less than 12 months, calculate for the number of months.

OthRgPay /XOthRgPay

Examine the answer at XOthRgPay and use the notes below to help establish if this is a regular payment which the informant is receiving, which should be counted as Yes at OthRgPay, or whether it should be transferred to another question, or whether it should be deleted entirely from the income section.

Include in Yes at OthRgPay :

An allowance for a foster child

Enterprise allowanceForeign state benefits eg Eire unemployment benefit, retirement pension from Australian government

Pension from German government as compensation for being in a concentration camp

Territorial Army Reserve payments - retaining fees only

Income from a Handicap/occupation Center if the informant is handicapped

"Unearned" income as sleeping partner ie money received for doing no work but informant is not a member of a limited Company (in which case it would be counted as working as an employee)

Coal allowance (in lieu of coal) from British Coal

Education Maintenance Allowance (High School Bursary - Scotland)

Boarding school allowance for children from Navy

Income from a loan set against the value of the house

Legacy of performing rights royalties

Statutory Maternity Pay received from a former employer (i.e. informant is unemployed or economically inactive) provided the informant is receiving it at present

Exclude from OthRgPay:

Benefits or allowances the informant no longer receiveseg Child benefit for son who is now working, Enterprise allowance received for part of the year but no longer, Statutory Maternity Pay received earlier in the year but no longer.

Salary from previous job

Housing benefit

Council tax rebate

Payments in kind

Lump sum payment (such as redundancy or severance pay)

Money from another member of the same household-eg parental contribution in lieu of grantpocket money from parent in the household

Any business allowance from an employer (except a rent or council tax allowance from an employer

Strike pay or sick pay from a trade union

Payment from insurance company for unemployment/sickness

Student loan

Tips/commission - this should already be covered at wage details

NtIncEst (Proxy questionnaire)

A soft check will be activated if this is coded 0 (NIL).

If the person is still at school then it is probable that he/she does not have any income, and the check can be suppressed.

In other cases it is likely that the person will have income eg a housewife with children would receive Child benefit, someone of retirement age would receive NI retirement pension, a disabled person would receive some benefit.Check with the spouse/ partner's or parent's questionnaire to see whether this person's income has been incorrectly included there. If it is possible to work out what this person's income would be from these entries, then estimate and enter a code. In all other cases recode this question to missing using the ] key.