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Gerunds & Infinitives:

Gerunds Verbs Verbs +preposition

Phrase

AdmitDenyAvoid

CompleteConsiderEnjoyFinish

Cant helpKeepMentionPracticeQuitRecallRecommendRiskConsider

PostponeDelayDislikeLikeMindSuggestPut off

Be interested inBe excited aboutBe capable of

Have an excuse forBe accustomed toComplain aboutInsist onTake advantage ofBe responsible forObject toArgue aboutLook forward toBe used toGet used toBe fed up withBe bored with

Be busyBe worth

Its no usePrevent somebody from doing somethingSee/watch/hear sb doing somethingThank sb for doing something

Infinitive Verbs Verb + pronoun + to infinitive nfinitive without TOAffordAgreeAppearArrangeClaim

DecideDemandDeserveExpectHopeLearnManageMeanNeedOfferPretendPromiseRefuseSeemThreatenWaitWant

Advise somebody to do somethingAllow somebody to do somethingAsk somebody to do somethingBeg somebody to do somethingExpect somebody to do something

Invite somebody to do somethingPermit somebody to do somethingRemind somebody to do somethingTeach somebody to do somethingTell somebody to do somethingWant somebody to do somethingPersuade somebody to dosomethingConvince somebody to do somethingWarn somebody to do something

Would rather do somethingHad better do somethingLet somebody do somethingMake somebody do somethingHelp somebody do something

(help somebody to dosomething-de olabilir)

Verbs That Need Special Attention:

Forget: 1) Jack forgets to take out the cat. (He regularly forgets.) (Kediyi darkarmay sk sk unutur)

2) Jack forgets taking out the cat. (He did it, but he doesn't remember now.) (Kediyi darkardn unutur-karmtr ama u anda hatrlayamamktadr)

forget+ to + Verb (Verb ile ifade edilen eylemi unutmak anlamnda kullanlr)forget+ Verb+ ing (Verb+ing ile ifade edilen eylemi yapmtr ama u anda hatrlayamamaktadr)

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Exercise: 1) Mehmet forgot telephoning his girlfriend last night. (What is the meaning?)

a) Mehmet telefon ettiini unuttu

b) Mehmet telefon etmeyi unuttu

2) Aye forgot to do her homework last night.

a) Aye devini yaptn unuttu

b) Aye devini yapmay unuttu

Remember: 1) I remembered posting the letter. (Gemite bir zaman mektubu postalam olduumu hatrladm)

2) I remembered to post the letter. (Mektubu postaladm hatrladm-Mektubu postalamay unutmadm)

remember + to + Verb (Verb ile ifade edilen eylemi hatrlyorum-unutmadm)remember + Verb + ing (Verb+ing ile ifade edilen eylemi gemite yaptm harlyorum)

Exercise: 1) Sinan remembered writing the essay. (What is the meaning?)

a) Sinan essay yazdn hatrlad-yazmay unutmadb) Sinan gemite essay yazm olduunu hatrlad

2) Ahmet remembered to telephone his mother after school.

a) Sinan gemite bir zaman okuldan sonra annesine telefon etmi olduunu hatrlad

b) Sinan okuldan sonra annesine telefon etmeyi hatrlad

Regret: 1) I regret telling you that your father is ill. (Sana gemite babann hasta olduunu sylediimepimanm)

2) I regret to tell you that your father is ill. (Sana babann hasta olduunu sylediim iin pimanm)

regret + to + verb (Verb ile iefade edilen eylemi yaptm iin pimanm)regret + Verb + ing (Verb+ing ile ifade edilen eylemi gemite yaptm iin u anda pimanm)

Stop: 1) She stopped smoking on the doctors advice. (Doktor tavsiyesiyle sigara imeyi brakt yani artk sigaraimiyor)

2) She stopped to smoke a cigarette. (Baka ey yapmak iin sigara imeyi brakt yani aslnda yaptey neyseonu yapmay durdurdu sigara imek iin)

Exercise: 1) He stopped to take a shower. (What is the meaning?)

a) Du almay brakt

b) Baka eyi du almak iin brakt

2) They stopped talking during the lesson

a) Baka birey yapmak iin snfta konumay kestiler

b) Snfta konumay kestiler-artk snfta konumuyorlar

Try: 1) She tried to sleep in spite of the noise (Grltye ramen uyumaya alt-uyumak iin abalad)

2) She tried sleeping in order to relax (Rahatlamak iin uyumay denedi)

try + to + verb (Verb ile ifade edilen eylemi yapmaya alt)try + verb + ing (Verb+ing ile ifade edilen eylemi gerekletirmeyi denedi)

Exercise: 1) Gnl tried to listen to the teacher although she was very tired. (What is the meaning?)

a) Gnl yorgun olmasna ramen retmeni dinlemeyi denedi

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b) Gnl yorgun olamsna rapmen retmeni dinlemek iin aba gsterdi

2) Serhat tried writing down the vocabulary in order to memorize them

a) Serhat kelimeleri ezberlemek iin yazmaya aba gsterdi

b) Serhat kelimeleri ezberlemek iin yazmay denedi

Verbs that take gerunds or infinitives as verbal direct objects:

start begin continue hate prefer likelove try remember

Examples:She has continued to work at the store.She has continued working at the store.

They like to go to the movies.They like going to the movies.

Brent started to walk home.Brent started walking home.

Forget and remember

These two verbs change meaning depending on whether a gerund or infinitive is used as the object.Examples:Jack forgets to take out the cat. (He regularly forgets.)Jack forgets taking out the cat. (He did it, but he doesn't remember now.)

Jack forgot to take out the cat. (He never did it.)Jack forgot taking out the cat. (He did it, but he didn't remember sometime later.)

Jack remembers to take out the cat. (He regularly remembers.)Jack remembers taking out the cat. (He did it, and he remembers now.)

Jack remembered to take out the cat. (He did it.)Jack remembered taking out the cat. (He did it, and he remembered sometime later.)

Sense verbs that take an object plus a gerund or a simple verb

feel hear notice watch see smellobserve

Examples:We watched him playing basketball. (continuous action)We watched him play basketball. (continuous action)

I felt my heart pumping vigorously. (continuous action)I felt my heart pump vigorously. (continuous action)

She saw them jumping on the bed. (continuous action)She saw them jump on the bed. (one-time action)

Tom heard the victim shouting for help. (continuous action)Tom heard the victim shout for help. (one-time action)

The detective noticed the suspect biting his nails. (continuous action)The detective noticed the suspect bite his nails. (one-time action)

We could smell the pie baking in the kitchen. (continuous action)We could smell the pie bake in the kitchen. (continuous action)

Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive, with A BIG change in meaning

I remembered to feed the dog this morning. I remember feeding him his favorite food.-----first--------- second ---second----first

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(I remembered and then I fed him.) (I fed him and later I remembered the action.)

I forgot to go to the bank. I forgot going to the bank.----------------- second first(I didn't remember and I didn't go tothe bank.) (I went to the bank, but later I forgot that I did)

I stopped to smoke. I stopped smoking.---first----- second --second-- first(I paused what I was doing to havea cigarette.) (I was a smoker, but now I'm not.)