germany 1918-45
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GERMANY 1918-45. ANTI-SEMITISM. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE THEORY. It was NOT new. Pre-WWI: formation of the idea in Vienna. 1920: racist policy published in “25 Points.” 1924: “Mein Kampf” promoted racism & anti-semitism further. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
GERMANY 1918-45
ANTI-SEMITISM
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE THEORY
It was NOT new. Pre-WWI: formation
of the idea in Vienna. 1920: racist policy
published in “25 Points.”
1924: “Mein Kampf” promoted racism & anti-semitism further.Crusaders massacre German Jews and loot property
in the 11th century
GOVERNMENT PERSECUTIONFROM THE START IN 1933
April: SA organises boycott of Jewish shops & professions.
April: non-Aryan civil servants are dismissed.
April: non-Aryan doctors are forbidden to work in hospitals.
The Reichstag & democracy in flames in 1933
GOVERNMENT PERSECUTIONCONTINUES IN 1933
Sept: only farmers with proven Aryan backgrounds to 1880 could inherit land.
Sept: Jewish lawyers are forbidden to practise.
Result: 38,000 Jews emigrated to Palestine in 1933; at least 25,000 p.a. left thereafter.
PERSECUTION WORSENS
Boycotts continue. Jews forbidden from
pools, parks, etc. 1935: Nuremberg
Laws. 1938: Jewish factories
had to mark goods with a distinctive trademark.
THE NADIR OF PERSECUTION
1936: persecution is less public due to Olympics & Schacht.
1938: Jews had to carry special id cards.
1938: Kristallnacht 1939: Hitler promised
“destruction of the Jewish race.” Himmler & the SS organised Crystal Night, an
allegedly spontaneous outburst of national anger
PERSECUTION BECOMES GENOCIDE
Conquests in WWII (eg Poland & western USSR) brought many Jews under Nazi control.
1941: Wannsee Conference formulated the “Final Solution.”
Poland was prepared as an extermination centre.
1942: the plan was implemented at 6 centres & speeded up when its threat failed to keep USA neutral.
1945: methods changed and speeded up when defeat was imminent.
Himmler stated 6M Jews had died.