geothermal/ground-source heat pump application ......2017/10/18 · geothermal/ground-source heat...
TRANSCRIPT
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of Massachusetts Department
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Geothermal/Ground-Source Heat Pump Application Opportunities Under the
MCP
MassDEP/LSPA Training Course
Thomas M. Potter, Clean Energy Development Coordinator
Tuesday, May 5th Thursday, May 7th
Westborough, MA Taunton, MA
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of Massachusetts Department
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
WORKSHOP OBJECTIVE
• Foster the Development of Renewable Thermal Technologies in MA
• Engage LSPs in the technology and its development through their sphere of influence
05/05/15 & 05/07/15 2
(Open Loop 285 | Closed Loop 264)
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of Massachusetts Department
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Agenda - AM TIME PRESENTATION SPEAKER
8:00 – 8:05 Introduction Thomas Potter
8:05 – 8:45 Understanding GSHP: Principles, Technology and Types of GSHP Systems
Stephen Sakakeeny
8:45 – 9:15 DOER: Renewable Thermal Technologies and Regulations
Bram Claeys
9:15 – 10:00 MassCEC: Financing and Grants Josh Kessler
10:00 – 10:15 BREAK
10:15 – 11:15 MassDEP BWR: GSHP Regulations and Guidance Joseph Cerutti
11:15 – 11:45 MassDEP BWSC: Greener Cleanups / GSHP’s at Contaminated Sites
Thomas Potter
11:45 – 12:15 MassDEP BWSC: Feasibility Study on Thermal Technology at Baird McGuire
Dorothy Allen
12:15 – 1:15 LUNCH
05/05/15 & 05/07/15 3
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of Massachusetts Department
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Agenda - PM TIME PRESENTATION SPEAKER
1:15 – 2:15 GEOLOGY & ENGINEERING: Geological, Engineering and Feasibility Considerations when using GSHP at Contaminated Sites
Don Maggioli & Mark Worthington
2:15 – 3:00 REMEDIAL APPLICATIONS: GSHP as a Component of Remediation Systems
Larry Lessard
3:00 – 3:15 BREAK Stephen Sakakeeny
3:15 – 3:45 CASE STUDY: Conventional GSHP – Isabella Stuart Gardner Museum
Stephen Sakakeeny
3:45 – 4:15 CASE STUDY: Implementation of GSHP at a Contaminated Site
Don Maggioli & Mark Worthington
4:15 – 4:45 CASE STUDY: Conceptual use of GSHP to Enhance Remediation
Larry Lessard
4:45 – 5:00 WRAP-UP AND Q&A
05/05/15 & 05/07/15 4
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Understanding GSHP – Principles, Technology, and Types of Systems
Presented by:
Stephen A. Sakakeeny, LSP, LEP, CHMM, CPG
SAK Environmental, LLC
www.sakenvironmental.com
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What This Module Is About
What is geothermal?
How it works
Types of systems
Typical applications
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What is Geothermal?
Two types of geothermal energy:
• High-Grade Geothermal: One from earth’s deep
internal heat generation (i.e. used for power generation).
• Low-Grade Geothermal: The other from solar energy
stored in the earth’s surface (i.e. used for heating & cooling)
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High Grade Geothermal
4
122F – 572F Taken from Idaho National Laboratory, USDOE,
The Future of Geothermal Energy, 2006
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High Grade Geothermal
5
122F – 572F
Taken from Idaho National Laboratory, USDOE,
The Future of Geothermal Energy, 2006
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High Grade Geothermal
6
122F – 572F
Taken from Idaho National Laboratory, USDOE,
The Future of Geothermal Energy, 2006
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Average Surface Temperatures
7
Taken from Idaho National Laboratory, USDOE,
The Future of Geothermal Energy, 2006 40F – 80F
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High-Grade Geothermal
From earths internal heat
Energy producing
Renewable
Requires temperatures >150C (300F)
Resources <3Km (10,000 ft) to 10KM (30,000 ft)
Developable U.S. Resources = 100 Gigawatts
Not what this course is about
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Low-Grade Geothermal
Solar influenced heat
Energy leveraging (not producing)
Energy efficiency (not renewable)
Requires temperatures 45F to 65F
Resources <1,500 feet (commercial drilling limit of technology)
Subsurface functions as heat-source in winter and heat-sink in summer.
Needs ground source heat pump (GSHP)
That’s what we’re here for
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What This Module Is About
What is geothermal?
How it works
Types of systems
Typical applications
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How can 50 Degree Water Heat My
House to 70 Degrees?
Think of subsurface as a thermal reservoir. Not
direct heating or cooling
Heat pump to transfer/concentrate thermal
energy through refrigeration/compression
process
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Results in 100F-130F forced hot water heat (conventional boiler: 160F-180F)
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What This Module Is About
What is geothermal?
How it works
Types of systems
Typical applications
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Main Geo Earth-Coupling Types
Closed Loop Standing Column Open to Diffusion
Glycol Groundwater Groundwater
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Closed Loop Vertical Borehole
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Standing Column Well
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Heat Pumps
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Earth-Coupling Comparison
3 2 1
3 2 1
1 2 3
1 2 2
Closed Loop Standing Column Open-Diffusion
Install Cost
Efficiency
Geology
Maintenance
1 = Highest/Best Comparative Rating
Open Systems are least costly to install and most efficient, given the proper conditions
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What This Module Is About
What is geothermal?
How it works
Types of systems
Typical applications
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Common Applications
1 = Highest/Best Comparative Rating
Individual residence
Commercial buildings
Replace conventional boilers, chillers, etc.
Hybrid systems (peak demand)
Groundwater treatment systems??
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Good Things to Know
500 foot deep closed loop well ~ 2 ton cooling (24,000 Btu/hr)
1,500 foot deep standing column well ~ 20 tons cooling (240,000 Btu/hr)
It’s about the rock column! Not groundwater
Groundwater quality is important
Aquifer Thermal Conductivity (Btu/hr-ft-oF) is important
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Questions?
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Creating A Cleaner Energy Future For the Commonwealth
Renewable Thermal Technologies & Regulations
Ground Source Heat Pump Training
5/5/15 Westborough - 5/7/15 Taunton
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
Renewable Thermal in Massachusetts
• Clean Energy & Climate Plan 2020
• Pilot programs to kick-start market
Demonstrate & Communicate
• Multi-pronged market strategy
Customer rebates/grants
Market support
Performance based incentive
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
197,000
737,000
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
2015 2020 2030
Projected Renewable Thermal Market Share
BAU ACC
Source: CARTS Report, Navigant/Meister for DOER, January 2014
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
MA Alternative Energy Portfolio Standard Regulations: 225 CMR 16.00
• Requires a certain percentage of the state's electric load to be met by eligible technologies
Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
Flywheel storage
Coal gasification, carbon capture & storage, paper derived fuel (now deleted)
• Obligation on all retail electric suppliers
Set at 1% in 2009
Increased with 1%/y until 2014, then 0.25%/y
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
APS evolution & trends
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
AEC
/y
APS Min. Standard CHP high CHP low
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
Technology changes – Acts 2014, Ch. 251
• Add any facility that generates useful thermal energy using:
Sunlight, biomass, biogas, liquid biofuel or naturally occurring temperature differences in ground, air or water
• Strike carbon capture and storage, gasification, paper derived fuel
• Additionally exclude construction & demolition debris
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
Energy from Ground Source Heat Pumps
• Credits for net thermal energy delivered as heating energy
Space heating, hot water
Process heat
• Cooling from heat pumps will not be credited
• Renewable heat can be used to provide cooling through absorption chillers
In commercial & industrial uses
Thermal energy delivered as process heat to the absorption chiller will be credited as useful thermal energy
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
Net Energy Generation
Enet = Ethermal, out – Enon-renewable, in
• Non-renewable energy input is calculated as primary energy, so for electricity:
Assume average heat rate and electric transmission/distribution losses (ISO-NE)
Established as 41% factor (DOER will reassess periodically)
Enon-renewable, in = Electricity input / 0.41
Ethermal, out = heat load served (heat transferred to a useful load)
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
Metering Approach
• Large systems: continuous accurate metering and automatic reporting
Available equipment / standards / industry practice
• Small systems: calculate projected output
Verification of ongoing operation through spot checks and run-time monitoring
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
160%
To ER To FO To NG
LCOE Difference
GSHP PV impact APS impact
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
160%
To ER To FO To NG
LCOE Difference
GSHP PV impact APS impact
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
160%
To ER To FO To NG
LCOE Difference
GSHP PV impact APS impact
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Creating A Greener Energy Future For the Commonwealth
Contact information
Bram Claeys
• Deputy Director, Renewable & Alternative Energy
• APS regulatory proceeding to include thermal