Geothermal Energy in Norway and Hordaland

Kirsti Midttømme, Senior Scientist

INSTALLED CAPACITY FOR

GEOTHERMAL ELECTRICITY

AND DISTRICT HEATING

IN 2016 (MW)EGEC Geothermal

Market Report 2016

Heat flow map, Europe

Ref: Atlas of Geothermal Resources in Europe, 2002

Heat flow densitymW/m2

>150

80-150

50-80

30-50

<30

Geological map Europe

Norway is located on the

Fennoscandian Shield.

• The porosity of the crystalline

bedrock is low

• The lithosphere is cool and thick

and characterized by a low heat

flow density that is below the

continental average (Kukkonen, 2002).

Ground Temperatures Bergen ?

Maystrenko et al. 2015

Mesured temperaturesin boreholes

Mayasa Rashed UiB, 2013

Haukeland Hospital

Åsane

Osterøy

Geothermal heat pump

Annfield Plain, Co. Durham

CGround source in

Ground source return

Space heating

Evaporator(heatexchanger)

Condenser(heat exchanger)

Compressor

Expansionvalve

11°C

6°C

40°C

Heat PumpElectricenergy IN

Underground Thermal Energy Storage UTES

with boreholes (BTES)

Cooling

Heat pump

Heating

40 mm single

U tubes with

anti freeze

brine

Heat pump

Geothermal heat pump installations, Arcus, Oslo 90 BHE 300m

Ref: Båsum Boring

Geothermal heat and power –

renewableenergy

Geothermal heat pump system –energy

efficiency

Negawatt – the most environmentally friendly

energy is the energy not used

19

84

4 apartmenthouses Varden12BHE x 160m 2

09

2010

Spar Kjøp Kokstad 18BHE x 170m

Olav Grevstad AS 6BHE x 190m

2010

Chr M Vestreheim7BHE x 170m

2010 2012

Espehaugen 45 6BHE x 200m

University College Bergen

80 BHE x 220m

2012 2013

HaukelandHospital

75BHE x 250m

2003

Apeltun school10BHE

2001

Ahlsell Åsane 6BHE x 160m

Sælenveien 91 18BHE x 170m

2012

2010

Clampon5 BHE x 180m

Kleppestø school

19 BHE x 180m

2011

Kolstien 11BHE x 200m

2012

Sartor mall165 BHEx 200m

2013

COOP Åsane 112 BHE x 212m

2013

Ådnamarka school

14BHE x 190 m

2009

Scandic Flesland Hotel

50 BHE x200 m

2016

Foto: Tord Erik Andresen

Monitoring by distributed fiber optictemperature sensing (DTS)

16

Western Norway University of Applied Sciences

Campus Kronstad In operation from 2014 Gross area: 51 000 m2

17

PCM for short term thermal storage

4 tanks á 64 m3 containing 12 700 Flat-ice elements

Salt hydrate solution S10

Water temperatures 7/17 °C

Cooling capacity of 11 200 kWh

18

Energy system overview

Heat pump

Building heating system

Building cooling system

Geothermal boreholes

FlatICEEnergy storage

District heating system

temperature and flow probe

300 kW versus 700 kW

81 versus 160

Condenser/cooling tower

• Energy system combining BHE and PCM

• Cooling machines, 1 400 kW

• PCM day-storage11 200 kWh = 7 hours á 1600 kW

• 81 boreholes á 220m

• Geothermal heat capacity ca. 1 700 kW

• Heating and cooling operating modes

• Energy recovered to boreholesca. 1 200 000 kWh

• District heating only used for peak heating load

No need for condensers or cooling towers

19

Power requirement cooling

Cooling requirements estimated to about 3 000 kW

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Teknisk kjøling Kjølebafler 14°C/60% 14°C/75% gjv 16°C/75% 16°C/55%

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Power requirement reductionsFordeling av kjølebehov over dimensjonerende døgn. Reel. Smeltetemperatur 10°C

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Teknisk kjøling Kjølebafler 14°C/60% 14°C/75% gjv 16°C/75% 16°C/55% Til lager Kuldeproduksjon

Storage capacity of 11 200 kWh About 50% reduction of peak load

International collaboration

21

Collaboration with Polish Geological Institute

A blanket of pollution wreathed Warsaw, above, and dozens of other Polish cities, bringing a global problem more associated with Beijing into the heart of Europe.January 2017

CreditMateuszWlodarczyk/NurPhoto, via Getty Images

Conclusions

• Geothermal heat pump technologies are commercial but not proven technologies

• Nordic consultancies and scientist are considered as experts in design and developing of large geothermal heat pump systems

• There are a need for skilled and innovative scientists for design of the future geothermal energy systems

Thanks for the attention !