Geospatial web services for Disaster Management

for presentation in the Joint International Workshop of ISPRS WG IV/1, VIII/1 and IV/3 on

‘Geospatial Data Cyber Infrastructure and Real-time Services with special emphasis on Disaster Management’

November 25-27, 2009K . Anitha Kumari, P.S.B Kumar, Dr. P.V.S.P.Raju ,Dr.J.SaiBaba,

Mrs.Geeta Varadan

ADRIN, Department of Space

Objective

• The main objective of the project NationalDatabase for Emergency Management (NDEM) isto develop a Spatial Database and SpatialDecision Support System (SDSS) for variousdisasters.

• This particular application is SDSS for landslidedisaster, is designed as web application includingrisk based queries and analysis tools developed asweb services, to share resources across manylocations.

Scope of the project

The scope of the this project covers

• Managing and processing spatial & non-spatial data,

• Developing analysis tools and

• Integrating them in a GIS environment using information technologies, and

• Transmitting them to decision makers via the Internet to effectively share data, application and processing resources across many locations.

Web services

• Web services are self-contained, self-describing, modular software components that can be published, discovered, and invoked across Web

• They can be plugged together to build larger, more comprehensive services and/or applications

• They make functional building blocks accessible over standard protocols independent of platforms and languages

• Web services implements service oriented architecture (SOA)

Geospatial services• GIS web service: GIS resource running on a server

• Standards based GIS with a high level ofinteroperability

•Any GIS operation thatcan be done locally maybe run using a service.•Each service isindependent in functionand design, and each isa fully functioning unitof logic without anydependencies onanother

Figure courtesy: ESRI

Web services architecture

consumer

catalog

provider

publishFind

Bind

Standards for Geospatial services

• OGC and ISO for distributed GIServices

• Some of the standards are WMS, WFS, WCS

Figure courtesy: ESRI

Communication between browser and server

Goals of the application

Centralized data storage

Centralized processingUpgrade Data and

process as and when needed

Interoperability at data & process level

Easily scalable, expandable

Flexibility to develop the application as Thin

or thick client

Easy integration of new data and new

process analysis as the requirement arises

Accessible to user at any location

Solution is to develop Geo-spatial services for data

and Geoprocessing and distributing over Internet

Development Phases of the project

Phase I

• Spatial database creation

• Queries and analysis as web services

Phase II

• Online Hazard map generation

Phase III

• Simulation or Scenario generation

Integrationall the phases into the SDSS web application

Architecture of SDSS application for landslide disaster

• It followed anenterprisearchitecture withmiddlewarebased on SOA.

Database

GIS server

Web server

Internet

Client ClientClient

Work done

• List of queries are developed as web services for pilgrim routes of Uttaranchal and Himachal Pradesh organized in GeoDatabase

• Layers organized are Lithology, Geomorphology, Drainage, Slope angle, Slope aspect, Slope morphology, Land use /Land cover, Rock Weathering, Soil Texture, Soil Depth, Rainfall, Lineaments, Earthquake and Anthropogenic layer, LHZ layer for each route

• For phase II: Linear model is implemented as per BIS guides, it has to be evaluated.

Spatial Data Management

• The spatial database stores various layers

corresponding to pilgrim routes in the Himalayas of

Uttaranchal and Himachal Pradesh states.

• Consisting of 86 map sheets at 1:25000 scale

• Total number of routes is eight. Each route comprises

of sub routes or study areas along the path.

• All the data is organised in Geodatabase format as

feature classes and is made seamless

• Spatial data is launched as map services using to

distribute over the different locations over the

Internet.

Pilgrim Routes in HP and Uttaranchal

Queries for landslide SDSS as web services

• What are the settlements in high hazard zone (HHZ)?• Which road/rail passes through HHZ?• Which road/rail is nearly (20m, 50m) HHZ?• How many LandSlide incidents are falling in HHZ?• Landuse classes in high hazard • Soil classes in High hazard zone• Relation between Hazard VS Land use • Relation between Slope VS LS incidents • Relation between Slope VS High Hazard• Hazard vs area • ROI Area vs high Hazard• ROI vs parameter values

Example: Settlements falling in high hazard zone

Select polygons of high hazard

zoneIntersect

Settlements in high

hazard zone

Settlements lyr

Landslide hazard

zonation lyr

listener

Business logic

Presentation Tier

Application Tier

Database TierData access

Database

User interaction and presentation

Spatial decision support system

• Spatial data and the GISanalysis that are launchedas web services, areintegrated into SDSS webapplication

• As these are based onstandard protocols, Userfrom any location can accessthese services, can integrateinto their applications andtake advantage of spatialdata and geo-processingoffered online

Settlements in High Hazard Zone

Landslide incidents in High Hazard Zone

High Hazard Zones in selected ROI

High Hazard Zones in selected ROI

High Hazard Zones in selected ROI

Software Environment used

• ArcGIS server & .NET

Uses of Geospatial services approach• Geospatial services allows data and processing

resources to be combined across a network

• Utilizing the computing resources more effectively

• Open , interoperable, resuable, standards based.

• Scalable, extensible, secure

• Improved application integration

• Capable of effectively integrated into other applications

• Eventual cost savings

• Information sharing across departments

• SOA benefits

conclusions• Developed risk based queries are reusable and

distributive, works on SOA and open standards.

• They facilitate modular approach, scalable to accommodate future growth

• Multiple applications can be built over these geospatial web services.

• These can not only be utilized in landslide disaster, some of the services can be used in other disaster.

• Web browser is used as client & does not require any license