U N I V E R S I T Y O F W A S H I N G T O N S C H O O L O F N U R S I N GU N I V E R S I T Y O F W A S H I N G T O N DEPARTMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

GEOS-CHEM at the University of Washington

Lyatt Jaeglé, Qing Liang, Linda Steinberger, Sarah Strode, Ricky Sinha

Long-range transport of CO and O3 to the NE Pacific Biomass burning in Africa: GOME and SAFARI 2000

Global modeling of the mercury cycle

Interactive display of GEOS-CHEM results on the web

Long-range transport of CO and O3 to the NE PacificQing LiangCollaborators: Dan Jaffe and his group at UW BothellModel evaluation with PHOBEA observations in NE Pacific:

Spring 1997, 1998, 2001, 2002: CO, O3 [NMHC, NOx, PAN, Rn] Full seasonal cycle Mar 2001-June 2002: CO, O3

Applications: Origin of CO and O3 in NE Pacific: long-range transport from Asia Seasonal and interannual variability in long-range transport

GEOS-CHEM forecasts: ITCT2K2 and PHOBEA-II during spring 2002

Duchess aircraft

Cheeka Peak Observatory

Origin of CO and O3 at Cheeka Peak: Spring 2002

COCO OO33

Very good agreement: Model captures background levels and day-to-day variability in CO

Model underestimates O3 levels by 7 ppbv and poor correlation

Obs: 149 ppbv; Model: 153 ppbv; r2= 0.68 Obs: 43 ppbv; Model: 36 ppbv; r2= 0.27

Asia

Europe

Stratosphere Asia

North America

Model

Observations

Vertical profiles above CPO during spring 2001

12 Duchess aircraft flights

Model Observations

CO profiles O3 profiles

Very good agreement for CO

BUT for ozone negative bias near surface and positive bias aloft: Strat-trop exchange? N2O5 hydrolysis (Temp. dependent)? NOx emissions?

Seasonal variations of CO in 2001 at CPO

spring 2002winterfallsummerspring 2001

Asia

North America

spring 2002

Biomass burning in Africa: SAFARI 2000

Model evaluation with SAFARI 2000 observations Aug-Sep 2000: UW Convair 580: CO, O3, SO2, NMHCs Ozonesondes [Thompson et al., 2000] Improve biomass burning, fossil fuel, and biogenic emission inventories

Applications: Origin of haze over Africa Export of biomass burning and anthropogenic emissions through the

river of smoke (Indian Ocean) vs. to the Atlantic

Ricky Sinha, Peter Hobbs

UW CONVAIR 580

Timbavati fire

P. Hobbs

O3 GEOS-CHEM

LongitudeObs: 60 ppbv; Model: 44 ppbv; r = 0.72

O3 UW Convair 580

Biomass burning over Botswana and Zambia

Longitude Clean marine air over Namibia + Mozambique coasts

UW Convair 580 flight tracks and O3

Longitude

SHADOZ ozonesondes during SAFARI2k

Lusaka, Zambia

Model

ObservationsIrene, South Africa

SAFARI 2K ozonesondes: Thompson et al. [2002]

Model

Observations

SAFARI’s river of smoke

GEOS-CHEM CO

September 5 2000

TOMS Aerosol Index

Eck et al., 2003

Using satellite observations to constrain biomass burning emissions in Africa: GOMELinda SteinbergerCollaborators: Randall Martin, Kelly Chance, Paul Palmer

GEOS-CHEM

GOMENO2, HCHO columns

Other satellites:Fires/burned areas (SPOT, ATSR)Aerosol optical depth (MODIS)MOPITT CO

Plume studies

Aug-Sep 2000

NO2 columns in Aug. 2000: GOME & GEOS-CHEM

GOME NO2 GEOS-CHEM NO2

Burned Area (SPOT-VGT)

Global Burned Area 2000 Project [Silva et al., 2003]

ATSR Fire countsSpatial distribution of fires[Duncan et al., 2002]

1015 cm-2

0.40 Tg N 0.41 Tg N

NO2 & HCHO columns in August 2000GOME NO2 GEOS-CHEM NO2

GOME HCHO GEOS-CHEM HCHO

1015 cm-2

1016 cm-2

Isoprene emissions in GEOS-CHEM too large? Biomass burning VOC in GEOS-CHEM too small?

West to East progression in biomass burning during the dry season

GOME NO2 Burned area GOME HCHOJul ‘00

Aug ‘00

Sep ‘00

1015 cm-21016 cm-2

NOx emissions over Africa: July-February

Northern Africa (0-30ºN)Southern Africa (0-20ºS)

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb

GOME GEOS-CHEM

GEOS-CHEM Mercury simulationSarah Strode, Igor Kamenkovich (JISAO)Collaborators: Noelle Eckley, Rokjin Park, Daniel Jacob

Model development: Ocean mercury module Biomass burning emissions

Model evaluation: Surface observations networks

(Canada, US, Europe) Remote sites (Cheeka Peak

Observatory) + cruises + vertical profiles

Applications: Role ocean in the mercury cycle Long-range transport of mercury from

Asia Evolution of mercury since pre-

industrial times

Development of a GEOS-CHEM ocean mercury module

Implement air-sea exchange of mercury using temperature and wind-dependent transfer velocities

Couple GEOS-CHEM with a mixed-layer ocean model: wind-driven advection of Hg0/Hg2+

Implement oxidation of Hg2+ to Hg0 in surface waters (photoch./biol.) Investigate rapid oxidation of Hg0 in marine boundary layer For longer timescale simulations, use a 3-D ocean GCM (MOM 2)

HgoHg2+

Hgp

Particleremoval

Hg2+ Hgo

Net evasion

Marine boundary layer

Upper ocean

Free troposphereWet & dry deposition

?

?

http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/

An interactive web interface to display GEOS-CHEM results: http://www.atmos.washington.edu/~jaegle/geoso3_start.html

Web interface using ION (IDL On the Net) to access GAMAP and plot GEOS-CHEM fields

Interactive creation of maps, zonal means, and animations Monthly mean fields from Ox-NOx-NMHC simulations:

4°x5° (1994-1997) and 2°x2.5° (1997)

ITCT2K2 Automatic Processing System (IAPS) interactive web interface

GEOS-CHEM 5-day CO forecasts transferred from Harvard to UW Interactive creation of maps, vertical profiles, timeseries, and animations from the forecast output Successful use in the field for flight planning