georgia’s prehistory. vocabulary review ______________ dig in the earth to find artifacts that...
TRANSCRIPT
Georgia’s Prehistory
Vocabulary Review• ______________ dig in the earth to find artifacts that will tell us something about
early inhabitants
• ______________ groups of people who believe themselves related by blood
• ______________ a type of rock that is formed in successive layers and can encase fossils of animals
• ______________ the science of cultivating plants and trees.
• ______________ poetry, shards, weapons, tools, jewelry, fossils or any items that were made by people
• ______________ people who use artifacts along with cave drawings, well-traveled pathways, and oral history to study the culture.
• ______________ to trade or exchange goods and services without the use of money
• ______________ describes the beliefs, traditions, music, art, and social institutions of a group of people who share common experiences.
• ______________ ancient relics
Shale
Antiquities
culture
Barter Economy
Anthropologist
Artifacts
Horticulture
Clan
Archeologists
How is the concept of supply and demand present in a Barter
Economy? Any item could be a medium of exchange because someone would need or want or need it. The more
people wanted or needed an item, the higher its value.
GEORGIA'S PRE-HISTORY
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
900
A.D
.
1600
A.D
.
2000
A.D
.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Prior to 11,000 B.C., there was a frozen land bridge between Asia and North America referred to now as Beringia.
11,0
00 B
.C.
8000
B.C
.
1000
B.C
.
PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND
MISSISSIPPIAN
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
900
A.D
.
1600
A.D
.
2000
A.D
.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Many followed herds of buffalo and mammoth across the Beringia land
bridge into North America.
11,0
00 B
.C.
8000
B.C
.
1000
B.C
.
PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND
MISSISSIPPIAN
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
900
A.D
.
1600
A.D
.
2000
A.D
.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Eventually, the earth warmed, Beringia melted, and Asia and America were
separated by the Bering Sea.
11,0
00 B
.C.
8000
B.C
.
1000
B.C
.
PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND
MISSISSIPPIAN
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Reading Guide A. During the last Ice Age, the sea level was much lower than it is today. Scientists
believe that a connected and across what is now the Bering Strait in search of
B. How did early civilizations communicate stories and history?
Even though there are not written records of what these natives did while living here, have dug up many that help us understand the prehistoric
Americans. How can archaeologists tell how old a prehistoric site is?
The prehistoric natives are divided into four , based on the lifestyles they lived and the advancements they made. The four eras are , , , and
??? Why do we call these eras “prehistory?” ____________________________________________________________________
land bridge Asia
Americaanimals for food.
Since there was no system of writing, they used oral tradition
archeologists artifacts native
They know when particular tools, weapons or pottery found were used. They also use a the carbon 14 test. All living things have radioactive carbon that is lost at a known rate when a plant or animal dies. This test tells how much carbon is left, which gives them an age.
culturesPaleo Archaic
Woodlands
Mississippians
The difference between history and pre-history is the presence of writing and writing records. Pre-
history, therefore, is history before the existence of written records.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact.
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Because there have no written records, historians are not 100% certain about the
pre-historic past. There are many clues, however, such as:
Artifacts – Man-made relics, such as arrowheads, pottery, cave markings, etc.
Ecofacts – Natural relics, such as sharks teeth, bones, fossils, etc.SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American
cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/archaeology
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Georgia's pre-historic past is divided into four major periods (try to use the
acronym P.A.W.M. to help you remember):
1. Paleo-Indian Period (11,000 – 8000 B.C.)
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
2. Archaic Period (8000 – 1000 B.C.)
3. Woodland Period (1000 B.C. – 900 A.D.)
4. Mississippian Period (900 – 1600 A.D.)
P
A
W
M
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact.
11,0
00 B
.C.
8000
B.C
.
1000
B.C
.
900
A.D
.
1600
A.D
.
2000
A.D
.
PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND
MISSISSIPPIAN
PRESENT-DAY
ANCIENT ROME
FOUNDED
MOSES LEADS
ISRAEL OUT OF EGYPT
NOAH'S FLOOD
JESUS
COLUMBUS DISCOVERS AMERICA
OBAMA ELECTED PRESIDE
NT
Notice some of the great events in world history that occurred while Georgia was still in it's pre-
historic periods.SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American
cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
900
A.D
.
1600
A.D
.
2000
A.D
.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
The Paleo-Indians, unable to return to Asia, dispersed throughout North
America. 11,000 – 8,000 BCE
11,0
00 B
.C.
8000
B.C
.
1000
B.C
.
PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND
MISSISSIPPIAN
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
8000
B.C
.
1000
B.C
.
900
A.D
.
1600
A.D
.
2000
A.D
.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Dwellings and Lifestyle:
• Nomadic hunters and gatherers
• Lived in small groups of 25-50
• Homes made of animal skins
• Lived near water (Savannah, Ocmulgee and Flint Rivers)
11,0
00 B
.C.
PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND
MISSISSIPPIAN
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
900
A.D
.
1600
A.D
.
2000
A.D
.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
The Paleo-Indians were nomads, constantly on the move as they hunted
large game.
11,0
00 B
.C.
8000
B.C
.
1000
B.C
.
PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND
MISSISSIPPIAN
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Food:
• Large game (aka Megafauna)
• woolly mammoth
• Saber-tooth tiger
• Bison
• Sloth
• Mastodons
• Berries and nut
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Weapons and Tools:• Clovis Point, a large
point attached to a spear• Knives• Scrapers
http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/primitive_technology
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact.
11,0
00 B
.C.
8000
B.C
.
1000
B.C
.
900
A.D
.
1600
A.D
.
2000
A.D
.
PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND
Georgia's next pre-historic Native American tradition was called the ARCHAIC.8,000 - 1,000 BCE
MISSISSIPPIAN
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Dwellings and Lifestyle:• Nomads that moved with seasons to find
food• Lived in Camps• Made pottery• Evidence of trade with groups outside the
state.
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
The oldest pottery found in America was Archaic pottery found near Augusta, Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Weapons and Tools:• Grooved axe• Hooks and nets for fishing• Drills • Tools of stone and bone• Choppers• Atlatl (missile launcher)
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
(deer, turkey, bear, rabbits. etc.).
Food:• Deer• Bear• Turkey• Rabbits• Fruit• Berries and Nuts• Snakes • Fish
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact.
11,0
00 B
.C.
8000
B.C
.
1000
B.C
.
900
A.D
.
1600
A.D
.
2000
A.D
.
PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND
Georgia's next pre-historic Native American tradition was called the WOODLAND.1,000 BCE – 750 CE
MISSISSIPPIAN
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Food:
• First to farm as a major source of food
• Fish
• Animals
• Berries and Nuts
• Squash
• Greens
• Depended on Corn
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/green_corn_native_american_gold
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Dwelling and Lifestyle:
• Farming allowed them to stay in one place (not nomadic like the others)
• Developed small villages and tribes
• Homes of wood
• Cook fires inside huts
• Trade with other peoples.
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Artifacts found in Georgia from other parts of America, such as Ohio and Michigan, suggest that the Woodlands began to trade with other peoples.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Weapons and Tools:
• Developed the Bow and Arrow
• Elaborate pottery.
• Stone and shark tooth
• Deer Antlers
• Knives
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Evidence of Religion:
• Built ceremonial and burial mounds
• Funeral Items
ARCHAIC
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Rock Eagle Mound
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact.
11,0
00 B
.C.
8000
B.C
.
1000
B.C
.
900
A.D
.
1600
A.D
.
2000
A.D
.
PALEO-INDIAN ARCHAIC WOODLAND
Georgia's last and most advanced pre-historic Native American tradition was called the MISSISSIPPIAN.
800CE – 1600CE
MISSISSIPPIAN
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Dwellings and Lifestyle:• Chiefdom society (hierarchical society w/
few elite and mostly commoners)• First to come into contact with
Europeans• Mound towns with dome shaped huts• Advanced farmers• Lived in large societies
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact.
(William Powell's Discovery of the Mississipi by De Soto, A. D. 1541 )
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Food: • Maize• Beans• Pumpkin• Squash• Harvested Crops
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Weapons and Tools: • Shovels (digging sticks)• Bow and arrow• Spears• Knives• Axes• Stone and bone hoes• Moats• Guard Towers
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
Religion:• Built enormous ceremonial mounds (ex.,
Etowah).• Practiced sophisticated religious beliefs• Priests• Temple Mounds
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Lesson Five (SS8H1a) – Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and
Mississippian) prior to European contact.
What do you remember about… Georgia's pre-historic traditions???
1. Most ancient pre-historic tradition
A. Paleo-Indian
A
D 2. Known as the great mound builders
B. Archaic
C 3. Invented the bow & arrow
C. WoodlandA 4. Hunted large game with a
clovis pointD. MississippianC 5. The first
farmersB 6. Developed the atlatl to help hunt
smaller gameD 7. The most advanced tradition;
ruled by chiefsB 8. The first fishermen; also began to gather
nuts & berriesSS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American
cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS:
SS8H1 – The student will evaluate the development of Native American cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.
Based off of what you know regarding Georgia's pre-historic Native American traditions, how
did the MOVEMENT and MIGRATION of the Native
American peoples affect their societies and cultures???
Acknowledgements
Hodge, Cathy M. Time Travel Through Georgia. Athens, GA: WesMar Incorporated DBA/Voyager Publications, 2005.
Marsh, Carol. The Georgia Experience: 8th Grade Social Studies Teachers Edition Student Workbook. Peachtree City, GA: Gallopade International, 2008.