geophysical survey interpretation report bandore project

Geophysical Survey Interpretation Report

Gradient and Insight Section Array Induced Polarization /Resistivity Surveys

Band Ore Project

Shebandowan, Ontario, Canada Golden Share Mining Corp.

December 2011

C--120

Craig Pawluk

Insight Geophysics Inc.

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IINNSSIIGGHHTT GGEEOOPPHHYYSSIICCSS IINNCC.. 95 WALBY DR., OAKVILLE , ONTARIO, CANADA , L6L-4C8

905 465 2996

INSIGHT GEOPHYSICS INC.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 3

SURVEY GRID ............................................................................................................... 4

SURVEY PARAMETERS ............................................................................................ 5

SURVEY EXECUTION ............................................................................................... 10

DATA PRESENTATION ............................................................................................ 11

INTERPRETATION...................................................................................................15

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS.................................................24


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INTRODUCTION

From October 21 to November 6 and Nov 21 to December 1, 2011, Insight Geophysics Inc. was contracted by Golden Share Mining Corp. to perform an Insight Section IP/Resistivity survey on the Band Ore Project located near Shebandowan, Ontario, Canada. The Band Ore property is located approximately 70 km west of the city of Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.

General Information

Project Name: Band Ore Project

Survey Type: Insight Section and Gradient Time Domain Induced Polarization / Resistivity

Client: Golden Share Mining Corp

Representatives: Ms. Laurence Huss


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SURVEY GRID

Grid Location

Province: Ontario

General Location: Shebandowan

Line Spacing: 100m

Station Interval: 25m

All Line cutting and GPS surveying of the grid was complete by Golden Share.

Survey Specifications

IP Survey

Survey Type: 4 Second Time Domain Induced Polarization / Resistivity

Array Types: Gradient and Insight Section Array

AB (Tx dipole spacing): Multiple AB injections (200m to 1500m)

MN (Rx dipole spacing): 25 meters

Sampling Interval: 25 meters


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SURVEY PARAMETERS

Apparent Resistivity

Let the distances between the four electrodes be given by r1, r2, r3, and r4 as shown in the figure.

Knowing the locations of the four electrodes, and by measuring the amount of current input into the ground, i, and the voltage difference between the two potential electrodes, ÆV, we can compute the resistivity of the medium, rho-a, using the following equation

The resistivity computed using the equation given above is referred to as the apparent resistivity. We call it the apparent resistivity for the following reason. We can always compute rho-a, we only need to know the locations of the electrodes and measure the current and voltage. If, however, the Earth does not have a constant resistivity (that is if the resistivity varies with depth or horizontally), the resistivity computed by the above equation will not represent the true resistivity of the Earth. Thus, we refer to it as an apparent resistivity.

Chargeability (M)

True chargeability is the ratio of the over- or secondary voltage, Vs, to the observed voltage, Vo, applied by way of an electrode array so that M = Vs/Vo, expressed as a percentage or as millivolts per volt. In reality, what is measured is the apparent chargeability (Ma) which is the area (A) beneath the voltage-time decay curve over a defined time interval (t1 to t2) and normalized by the assumed steady-state primary voltage, Vp, such that Ma = A/Vp = (1/Vp) × ∫t2t1 of V(t)dt, in units of mVs/V.


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Data Acquisition

Data acquisition of the gradient and the Insight Section arrays are based on the principles of the Schlumberger array. In the Schlumberger array, a vertical geo-electric sounding is produced by expanding the current electrodes out from a centrally located pair of potential electrodes. As the Distance between the current electrodes (L) is increased, the effective depth of penetration is also increased, thus creating a geo-electric sounding curve.

The Gradient Array is a modified Schlumberger array which is best utilized for economically covering large areas. As with the Schlumberger array, the potential electrodes are always located within the boundaries of the two current electrodes. However, unlike the Schlumberger array, the current electrodes are placed at a fixed location (up to 100 times the potential dipole separation) and the potential electrodes are moved in a profile manner up and down lines between the current electrodes. Typically several lines can be read from a single transmitter placement.

The effective depth of penetration can be approximated from Edwards(1977) where he defines the effective depth (Ze) between current electrodes separated by (L) as:

ZE/L = 0.190

The results from the Gradient array are used to define the lateral boundaries of geo-electric anomalies. These anomalies can then be further detailed in a vertical dimension by surveying them with Insight Sections.

The Insight Section is composed of a fixed array of potential electrodes (typically 40 with a potential dipole separation (MN) of 25 meters). The dimensions of the array are completely flexible pending the target depth and dimensions. Starting at the center location of the Insight Section, multiple current injections at various AB lengths are used to create vertical geo-electric soundings beneath each of the receiver potential dipoles. AB lengths used to create an Insight Section typically range from 5MN to 100MN.

Data points are plotted directly below the center point of each potential electrode in the array. The estimated depth calculation for each plot point uses Edwards Ze estimation that has been further modified to reflect the reduction in effective penetration encountered as the position of any given potential electrode deviates from the center of L towards one or the other current electrode positions.


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Instrumentation

ELREC PRO Ten channel IP receiver

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

• Input voltage: Max. input voltage: 15 V Protection: up to 800V

• Voltage measurement: Accuracy: 0.2 % typical Resolution: 1 µV Minimum value: 1 µV

• Chargeability measurement: Accuracy: 0.6 % typical

• Induced Polarization (chargeability) measured over to 20 automatic or user defined windows

• Input impedance: 100 MΩ • Signal waveform: Time domain (ON+,OFF,ON-,OFF) with a pulse duration of 500 ms - 1 s - 2 s - 4 s - 8 s

• Automatic synchronization and re-synchronization process on primary voltage signals

• Computation of apparent resistivity, average chargeability and standard deviation

• Noise reduction: automatic stacking number in relation with a given standard deviation value

• SP compensation through automatic linear drift correction

• 50 to 60Hz power line rejection • Battery test GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS. • Data flash memory: more than 21 000 readings • Serial link RS-232 for data download • Power supply: internal rechargeable 12V, 7.2 Ah battery ; optional external 12V standard car battery can be also used

• Weather proof • Shock resistant fiber-glass case • Operating temperature: -20 °C to +70 °C • Dimensions: 31 x 21 x 21 cm • Weight: 6 kg


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Walcer Model TX KW10

Voltage Input

125V line to neutral 400 Hz / 3 phase

Powered by MG12, MG6 and MG12A

Output

100 - 3200V in 10 steps 0.05 - 20 Amps

Tested to 10.5 kVA

Switching 1 sec., 2 sec., 4 sec., 8 sec.

Metering

LED for line voltage and output current

Size

63cm. x 54cm. x 25cm.

Weight 44 kg.


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IP Parameters

Transmitted Waveform: Square wave @ 0.0625 Hz (4 second Square Wave) 50% duty cycle

Receiver Sampling: Semi-Logarithmic windows (20 windows)

Window Width (ms) Window Width (ms) M Delay 160

1 80 11 160 2 80 12 160 3 80 13 160 4 80 14 160 5 80 15 320 6 80 16 320 7 80 17 320 8 80 18 320 9 160 19 320 10 160 20 320 TOTAL 3680ms

Recorded Parameters

IP measured parameter: Chargeability in mV/V

Resistivity measured Parameters: Primary Voltage in mV and Transmitted Current in mA.


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SURVEY EXECUTION

Generalities

Survey Dates : Mobilize Oct 21-22

Operate Nov 7-29

Demobilize Nov 30-Dec 1

IGI PERSONNEL: Blake McLaughlin

Dylan Ryder Brydon Bigelow

Survey Coverage:

Gradient

Lines 0E through 1600E were surveyed using the gradient array. A total of approximately 14.6 line kilometres was surveyed.

Insight Section Survey

Line Start End

L1200E 425S 325N L1400E 425S 325N L1600E 425S 325N L1000E 425S 325N L800E 425S 325N L600E 425S 325N L400E 425S 325N L200E 400S 350N

L0 475S 275N

Approximately 7.5 km of Insight Sections were surveyed


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DATA PRESENTATION

Quality Control and Processing

The Insight Section Array utilizes a distributed array of 40 channels. Special attention is taken to ensure best possible contact resistance (k-Ohm) prior to acquisition. Approximately 10-15% of the data is repeated and saved in the field for quality control purposes. Particular attention is given to the time decay curves of the chargeability. The curves are monitored by the operator in real time while taking measurements in the field and every effort is made to ensure the maximum quality of decay curve is achieved. Decay curves are further analyzed by the processing department prior to producing final plots of the data using the Halverson-Wait model as a reference..

Figure 4: Summary of Halverson-Wait(Anaconda) IP Model Theory: An application of Insight data through InDecay.


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Apparent resistivity and total chargeability are calculated by the Elrec-Pro receiver. All receiver data is stored in the final data.csv file including all geometry points, primary voltages and voltage decays for further quality control and data reduction as required.

Once the data has been quality reviewed and low quality readings rejected, a depth estimate calculation is made for the remaining data. The depth estimate is based on a uniform half space and does not account for resistivity changes actually encountered at surface or at depth. Changes in half space penetration resulting from the geometry of the receiver dipoles positions relative to transmitter dipoles positions are estimated.

All raw data was plotted using the Insight Section plotting presentation. Total chargeability calculated by the Elrec Pro Receiver is used as standard. Both chargeability and apparent resistivity may be culled for spurious effects resulting from noise or cultural effect. A non linear filter is applied to the Insight Section data. When applicable, Process InSndg may be used to remove these high frequency effects. All raw data is presented in *.csv format

Depending on the surface conditions encountered on the property, the data will also be corrected for topographic and surface effects.

The final reduced field data can then be inverted using the UBD-2D inversion program. Final inversions are an optional product to the client.

Loke, Dr. M.H.,Tutorial: 2-D and 3-D electrical imaging surveys ,Copyright 1996-2001. p. 24; 2.5.2 Tagg, Dr. G.F., 1964. Earth Resistances. P. 60

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

mV/V

Typical Decay Curves Band Ore Project


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Maps

Line Scale 0E Insight Section Apparent Resistivity and Total Chargeability 1:5000

200E Insight Section Apparent Resistivity and Total Chargeability 1:5000







Gradient Apparent Resistivity and Total Chargeability 1:5000


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Culture

The property has a power line on it and is also cut by the Trans Canada Highway. Readings taken in the area of the power line and highway should be treated with caution.

line station depth culture comment

0 15 0 HWY 25N-15N

0 345 0 P-L 325N-365N

100 65 0 HWY 50N-75N

100 320 0 P-L 300N-335N

200 115 0 HWY 100N-25N

200 315 0 P-L 300N-335N

300 170 0 HWY 150N-180N

300 285 0 P-L 275N-300N

400 -135 0 trench 125S-150S

400 235 0 HWY 250N-215N

400 265 0 P-L 250N-275N

500 240 0 P-L 250N-230N

500 275 0 HWY 250N-300N

600 -450 0 old trench

600 230 0 P-L 215N-245N

700 -125 0 Collar dipping south

700 225 0 P-L 210N-240N

800 -25 0 trench 0-50S

800 35 0 drill road 50N-25N

800 85 0 drill road 75N-100N

800 200 0 P-L 180N-220N

900 85 0 drill road 60N

900 150 0 P-L 130N-170N

1000 30 0 drill road

1000 140 0 P-L 120N-160N

1100 30 0 drill road

1100 130 0 P-L 110N-150N

1200 135 0 P-L 115N-155N

1300 -400 0 steel cable

1300 120 0 P-L 100-140

1400 100 0 P-L 120N-80N

1500 90 0 P-L 70N-110N

1600 70 0 P-L 50N-90N

1600 210 0 drill road 200N-225N

1600 225 0

buried

hydro

buried hydro servicing

cottages


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INTERPRETATION

A strong linear apparent resistivity low is seen in the gradient data striking approximately E-W across the survey area at approximately 100S. This resistivity low is interpreted to be a shear. The shear is disrupted at approximately 700E by an inferred NW-SE striking fault. West of the fault a second resistivity low lineament is present south of the first low and strikes in an approximate WSW-ENE direction.

Four NW-SE striking inferred faults have been interpreted from the data. It should be noted that the inferred faults are not seen directly in the data but rather are inferred from truncations of other apparent resistivity and chargeability responses.

A total of 8 anomalous chargeability anomalous trends have been interpreted from the gradient and Insight Sections. A very strong high chargeability feature is located north central on the grid and may be lithologic in nature.

Anomaly 1

This anomaly is a weak chargeability present on lines 600E-1400E and is associated with a resistivity high. The anomaly strikes approximately E-W and lies to the immediate north of the main interpreted shear zone.

Anomaly 2

Anomaly 2 consists of two sub-parallel E-W striking zones of increased chargeability at approximately 188N and 138N on lines 1200E-1600E. The northern lineament is associated with a resistivity low and the southern with a resistivity high. Depth to the anomalies is estimated at approximately 50m.

Anomaly 3

Anomaly 3 is located south of the interpreted shear zone on lines 800E through 1600E and strikes approximately E-W. The chargeability high is associated with a resistivity high. The anomaly is cross cut by inferred faults at approximately 1300E and 1450E and terminated by an inferred fault at approximately 750E. Depth to the anomaly is estimated at approximately 50m.


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Anomaly 4

This anomaly is a very weak and questionable chargeability high seen to strike approximately SW-NE on lines 500E through 800E. The weak chargeability increase is loosely associated with an increase in resistivity. What makes this anomaly of interest is the structural interpretation in the area. The anomaly lies within the interpreted break of the E-W striking shear zone by multiple inferred NW-SE striking inferred faults.

An old grill collar was discovered by the crew at approximately 125S on Line 700E. The collar was dipping to the south, so some drill information may already exist on this anomaly.

Anomaly 5

Anomaly 5 is a broad chargeability high seen on lines 200E through 600E to the immediate west of the very strong north-central anomaly (anomaly 8). The anomaly strikes approximately E-W at approximately 113N. The anomaly lies on a contact between lower resistivities to the north and higher resistivities to the south.

Depth to the anomaly is estimated to be approximately 150-200 meters.

Anomaly 6

Anomaly 6 is a chargeability high response present on lines 0E through 200E and remains open to the west. The anomaly lies to the immediate south of the interpreted shear zone. The increased chargeabilities are associated with an increase in the resistivity response.

Depth to the top of the anomaly is estimated to be 50-100 meters.

Anomaly 7

Anomaly 7 is only present on line 0E at 50S-150S and remains open to the west. The chargeability high is associated with a strong increase in the resistivity response. The anomaly lies to the immediate north of the interpreted shear zone at a depth of approximately 50 meters.

Anomaly 8

Anomaly 8 is a very strong chargeability high seen on the north boundary of the survey area on lines 500E through 1100E. The anomaly remains open to the north, The strongest response is seen on lines 700E and 800 E at 313N and remains open to the north.


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Gradient Survey- Apparent Resistivity


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Gradient Survey-Total Chargeability


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Total Field Magnetic Survey with IP Interpretation Overlay

(TFM Data Supplied by Golden Share)


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Insight Sections


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Conclusions and Recommendations

1) A strong resistivity low lineation is seen striking approximately E-W across the survey area and is interpreted to be a shear zone. A second sub parallel shear may possibly be present to the south of the first shear zone. Breaks in the resistivity and chargeability measurements infer that multiple N-W-SE striking faults may also be present

2) Existing trenching found on the property appears to occur to the immediate north of the interpreted shear zone along a resistivity contact between the low resistivity shear to the south and higher resistivity measurements to the north.

3) A very strong and broad chargeability zone is present at the north edge of the survey area and could be interpreted as an intrusive unit with high sulphide content. The anomalous zone remains open to the north.

4) Multiple chargeability high lineations are interpreted and most are associated with resistivity high features or along resistivity contacts. The chargeability anomalies are present to the immediate north and south of the interpreted shear zone and tend to strike sub-parallel to it. The exception to this is anomaly 4 that is interpreted to cross-cut the interpreted shear zone.

5) It is recommended that any available geologic or other geophysical information be compiled with the IP interpretation to assist in the prioritization of these anomalies. Drill testing can be done using a shallow hole to intercept the up dip edge of the anomalies. Pending results of the shallow hole, longer holes can be planned to explore the anomalies to depth.

6) Pending the results of the IP/geology compilation and preliminary drilling further IP work may be warranted to both the east and west as multiple anomalous trends remain open on both sides of the survey area.

Respectfully Submitted

Craig Pawluk Geophysicist Insight Geophysics Inc January 2012

L0+00

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L4+00E

L3+00EL2+00EL1+00E

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L12+00E

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UTM NAD83 Zone 15

2011 Band Ore Cut Grid

geophysical survey interpretation report bandore project

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