GEOMATICS ENGINEERING PROGRAM AT CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, FRESNO AND UAV MAPPING

Riadh Munjy riadhm@csufresno.edu California State University, Fresno

9/30/2015 ASPRS 2015

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OUTLINE

Introduction Faculty Course Map Equipment Student Activities Our Graduates Current Research

INTRODUCTION

The Geomatics Engineering degree program at the California State University in Fresno was created in 1971, being the first of its kind in the nation.

Continuously accredited in 1982, 1985, 1988, 1994, 2000, 2006 and 2012, the program has maintained a focus on student learning.

The recent ABET report (2012) did not find a single weakness or deficiency in the program.

FACULTY

Prof Riadh Munjy Prof. Emeritus James Crossfield Prof. Emeritus Fareed Nader Asst. Prof Mustafa Barber Asst. Prof Scott Peterson

COURSE CLASSIFICATION

Basic Seurveying, 16.3%

General Education, 26.4%

Geodesy, 9.3% GIS, 4.7%

Land Surveying, 11.6%

Math & Science, 19.4%

Other, 7.8%

Photogrammetry, 4.7%

Basic Seurveying

General Education

Geodesy

GIS

Land Surveying

Math & Science

Other

Photogrammetry

MATH & SCIENCE

GME 34. Adjustment Computations Error theory, adjustment of simple survey networks,

and matrix methods; digital computer solutions of geomatics computation and adjustment problems.

GME 135. Advanced Adjustment Computations Statistics, propagation of errors, advanced theory of

least squares optimization algorithms. Computer programming for complex surveying and photogrammetry adjustment applications. Project design.

BASIC SURVEYING GME 1. Introduction to Geomatics Engineering

An introduction to geomatics engineering philosophical thought; geomatics engineering profession and career opportunities; professional ethics and safety; creative and critical thinking applied to the geomatics engineering decision-making process.

GME 15. Engineering Surveying Principles of surveying measurements for distance, direction, elevation, topographic and planimetric mapping,

horizontal curves, vertical curves, earthwork and engineering applications.

GME 16. Municipal Surveying Instrumentation; automated electronic survey data collection; land survey; introduction to photogrammetry, GPS,

GIS, and control surveys. Astronomy for azimuth applications.

GME 23L. Optics and Waves Visual optics, prisms, lenses, and collimated light, electromagnetic spectrum and waves, wave properties and

atmospheric interactions, optical and electromagnetic imaging systems. GPS, GIS, remote sensing, photogrammetric and EDM applications.

GME 40. Route and Construction Surveying Computations and theory covering surveys for highway, irrigation, rail, pipeline, and other transportation

alignment projects. Includes computer solutions and applications.

GME 61. Microcomputers in Engineering Microcomputer operating systems; introduction to high level computer languages, file processing, program

documentation, testing, and debugging.

GME 66. Computer-Aided Mapping Preparing transportation alignment, topographic, property boundary, environmental, cross section, structural and

GIS maps and plans. Civil and Geomatics Engineering and Construction applications. Includes comprehensive computer mapping design experience.

LAND SURVEYING

GME 50. Land Surveying The United States Public Land Survey System with special emphasis on California; introduction

to the California Land Surveyors Act, Certified, A.L.T.A. and mortgage surveys; sectionalized land subdivision, corner restoration, resurveys, evidence, and descriptions.

GME 151. Boundary Control and Legal Principles Legal principles that control the boundary location of real property

GME 152. Real Property Descriptions Theory and practice of real property descriptions and recording systems; metes and bounds,

United States Public Land Survey System, lot and block and other styles investigated; practical exercises and case studies.

GME 153. Boundary Survey Design Design of evidence gathering, resurvey, retracement, and analysis techniques for complex United

States Public Land Survey System, metes and bounds, riparian, mineral, land grant and fraudulent surveys; case studies

GME 159. Subdivision Design Subdivision map act, local subdivision regulations, title search, zoning study. Tentative and final

subdivision layout, map drafting, computerized subdivision design, and drafting; environmental impact study. Field trips required

GEODESY

GME 102. Geodetic Surveying Prerequisites: GME 16, GME 34. Horizontal and vertical geodetic networks for deformation,

industrial tooling and local area applications; theory and application of State Plane Coordinate systems.

GME 108. Geodesy Prerequisites: MATH 77, PHYS 4A, PHYS 4AL, GME 34 or concurrently. Size and shape of the

earth; three-dimensional coordinate systems; computations on the spheroid; reduction to plane coordinates; introduction to differential equations, gravity modeling and gravity measurements.

GME 143. Satellite Geodesy Prerequisites: GME 102, GME 108, GME 135 or concurrently. Motion of a satellite, orbit

geometry and perturbations; time measuring systems; global geodesy model; reduction and adjustment of GPS and other satellite observation data; differential equations of orbit relaxation; GPS network optimization; data transformation.

GME 145. Geopositioning Prerequisites: GME 102, GME 108, GME 135. Design of planning, data collection, data

processing and network adjustment applications; kinematic and real-time GPS applications; case studies.

PHOTOGRAMMETRY

GME 123. Stereo-Photogrammetry Imaging systems; image quality. Theory of stereo-

photogrammetry; orientation of stereo-model. Design and operating principles of stere-oplotters. Photogrammetric mapping; orthophoto mapping. Project planning.

GME 125. Analytical Photogrammetry Introduction to analytical photogrammetry; strip and

block aerial triangulation. Design and operating principles of analytical plotters. Introduction to soft-copy photogrammetry.

GIS

GME 126. Digital Mapping Design of data input, editing, display and processing

mechanisms for digital mapping applications; hardware considerations and software design for DTM applications.

GME 173. Introduction to GIS Data quality and accuracy, privacy, ethics, institutional,

governmental and technological issues associated with GIS; hardware and software considerations for geodetically controlled cadastral, resource and environmental GIS applications; existing system case studies.

OTHER

GME 180. Senior Project Prerequisites: GME 181or concurrently. UDWE or a "W" course or

concurrently. Study of a problem under supervision of a faculty member; final typewritten report required. Individual project except by special permission. GME 180 and GME 181 satisfy the senior major requirement for the B.S. in Geomatics Engineering.

GME 181. Project Design Prerequisite: GME 108, GME 123, GME 135, GME 151, GME 173.

Design of control, boundary location, and photogrammetric systems. Evaluation of design requirements, economic, and social considerations. Case Studies. Student presentations. GME 180 and GME 181 satisfy the senior major requirement for the B.S. in Geomatics Engineering.

EQUIPMENT & SOFTWARE Automatic Levels

6 Leica (NA2002 Digital Levels)

Theodolites T2,T3, 5 Nikon Electronic theodolites

Total Stations 3 Leica TS06+ 2 Leica TC1205+

GPS Dual Frequency Receivers Trimble R8 (6)(With RTK capabilities) Leica Viva (3) (With RTK capabilities)

Terrestrial LIDAR Leica Scan II Cyclone (Leica)

Photogrammetry 13 Soft Copy Work station VR Photogrammetric Mapping (Cardinal Systems) Soft Copy Aerial Triangulation Software

Software AutoCAD ArcMap

EQUIPMENT PHOTOGRAMMETRY

EQUIPMENT PHOTOGRAMMETRY

EQUIPMENT LIDAR

EQUIPMENT GPS

STUDENT ACTIVITIES FORESIGHT

STUDENT ACTIVITIES 2014 ANNUAL CONFERENCE

STUDENT ACTIVITIES ANNUAL CONFERENCE

OUR GRADUATES YEAR Total Number of

Graduates Number

Attending Graduate Programs

Remaining Number of Graduates

Employed within One Year

Percent Employed within

One Year

1987-1988 15 1 14 14 100% 1988-1989 8 2 6 6 100% 1989-1990 21 5 16 15 94% 1990-1991 18 1 17 17 100% 1991-1992 20 1 19 19 100% 1992-1993 26 0 26 26 100% 1993-1994 27 6 21 21 100% 1994-1995 25 1 24 23 96% 1995-1996 22 1 21 18 86% 1996-1997 26 4 22 22 100% 1997-1998 18 2 16 16 100% 1998-1999 13 0 13 13 100% 1999-2000 14 0 14 14 100% 2000-2001 14 1 13 13 100% 2001-2002 8 0 8 8 100% 2002-2003 16 0 16 16 100% 2003-2004 21 0 21 21 100% 2004-2005 12 0 12 12 100% 2005-2006 11 0 11 11 100% 2006-2007 25 2 23 22 96% 2007-2008 16 0 16 15 94% 2008-2009 9 4 5 5 100% 2009-2010 14 3 11 10 91% 2010-2011 18 1 17 15 88%

TOTALS 417 35 382 372 97% 8%

Program Graduate Placement Rates (1987-2011)

OUR GRADUATES Calendar

YEAR GRADUATES FLS within

5 years FLS

Percent Passed

LS Within 10 Years

LS Percent Passing

Within 10 years 1988 8 7 88% 5 62% 1989 21 18 86% 14 67% 1990 18 15 88% 10 56% 1991 22 20 91% 16 73% 1992 26 22 85% 12 46% 1993 27 20 74% 11 41% 1994 25 18 72% 13 52% 1995 22 15 58% 9 41% 1996 26 20 77% 16 62% 1997 18 12 67% 12 67% 1998 13 10 77% 7 54% 1999 14 13 93% 9 65% 2000 11 8 73% 5 45% 2001 11 7 64% --- --- 2002 16 14 88% X X 2003 22 15 68% X X 2004 12 11 92% X X 2005 12 11 92% X X 2006 26 21 81% X X

TOTALS 350 277 79% 139 55% NOTES: 1. Graduating classes before the 5 year threshold are not included in the FLS analysis 2. “X” means graduating classes before the 10 year threshold are not included in the LS analysis 3. A detailed analysis of these results follows in a later section of this report

Graduates Examination (Licensing) Statistics

OUR GRADUATES

Alumni Survey results

CURRENT RESEARCH

Airborne GPS Photogrammetry UAS Mapping LIDAR adjustment and Visualization Kinect Calibration for mapping Image Balancing

UAS MAPPING PROJECT ONE

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UAS PHOTOGRAMMETRY

National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Republic of Ireland

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UAS PHOTOGRAMMETRY

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Octocopter UAS Flying Height above terrain (60 to

75 m) 80% forward and 60% Side Lap

AUTOMATICMATCHING & REL ORI

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UAS MAPPING PROJECT TWO

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UAS SYSTEM-INSPIRE 1 (T600)

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Weight with battery (2935 g) Dimensions

(438x451x301mm) Live HD View Fly Indoors without GPS Auto takeoff and landing Max Flight Altitude: 4500 m GPS positioning (single

frequency)

UAS-CAMERA X3-FC350

Focal length : 5.101 mm (20

mm, 35 mm format equivalent)

Pixel Size 0.00134 mm Frame size: 3992 x 2992

pixels Field of view: 94 deg CMOS: Sony EXMOR 1/2.3” Modular 3 Axis rotating gimbal

allowing full tilt, roll and 360 degrees yaw 31

PROJECT AREA- CSUF CAMPUS

200 m x 360 m

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UAS FLIGHT

61 m flying height

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IMAGE FOOT PRINTS GSD ~ 2 cm 60 % forward & side overlap

5/7/2015 ASPRS 2015

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GROUND CONTROL 33 photo id control points

5/7/2015 ASPRS 2015

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BUNDLE SOLUTION

3 strips 47 photos 13129 ground points 49365 image points

average correlation 0.92 557 image points rejected

Self-Calibration Radial lens distortion

Image points residuals Vx = 0.0022 mm (width direction) Vy = 0.0026 mm (height direction)

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num of looks count Percentage 1 0 0.0% 2 3663 27.9% 3 3117 23.7% 4 2650 20.2% 5 1723 13.1% 6 999 7.6% 7 570 4.3% 8 252 1.9% 9 101 0.8%

10 35 0.3% 11 14 0.1% 12 5 0.0%

BUNDLE SOLUTION

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DATA ANALYSIS Terrestrial Laser

Scan Leica

ScanStation2 Area: Grass with

~ 60 cm elevation change

Accuracy: ~1 cm ~65 points/sq.

m Date of

Acquisition: 3 weeks after flight

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LASER SCAN AREA

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ANALYSIS OF RESULTS

Number of points 941

Average: 1.5 cm St. Dev : 13 cm

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0 20 40 60 80

100 120 140 160 180

-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

Freq

uenc

y

Bin

Histogram

Frequency

UAS MAPPING PROJECT THREE

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UAS SYSTEM

Phantom 2 Quadcopter Weight 1160g Camera: Samsung S5 (Smart

Phone) Focal length 4.8 mm Pixel size 0.00122 mm 5312p x 2988p

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PROJECT AREA Woodward Park, Fresno, CA 150m x 160m

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GROUND CONTROL

9 control points (photo id)

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UAS FLIGHT

Flying Height: 85 m Overlap : ~70% forward

and side lap

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BUNDLE SOLUTION

5 strips 45 photos 46111 ground points 198282 image points

average correlation 0.89 1683 image points rejected

Self-Calibration Radial lens distortion

Image points residuals Vx = 0.007 mm (width

direction) Vy = 0.007 mm (height

direction

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n_looks count Percentage

2 4146 8.99%

3 5168 11.21%

4 9516 20.64%

5 27266 59.14%

>6 11 0.02%

Total 46107 100.00%

BUNDLE POINTS

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ANALYSIS OF RESULTS, LASER SCAN Terrestrial

Laser Scan Leica

ScanStation2

66m x 65m ~ 6 m

elevation change

Accuracy: ~0.5 cm

~250 points/sq. m

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ANALYSIS OF RESULTS

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Number of points 20514

Average: 0.17 m St. Dev : 0.34 m

0 2000 4000 6000 8000

-1

-0.8

-0

.6

-0.4

-0

.2 0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8 1

Freq

uenc

y

Bin

Histogram

Frequency

CONCLUSION

Without good Airborne GPS data, enough ground points need to be provided around and inside the block

It is highly recommended to minimize the camera vibration during flight. This will affect the matching and the final results

UAS photogrammetry can provide acceptable results if planned correctly

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Thank you Questions

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