geography of georgia georgia studies. key terms geography absolute location relative location
TRANSCRIPT
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Geography of GeorgiaGeorgia Studies
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Key terms
• Geography
• Absolute location
• Relative location
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What is geography?
• Science of studying the earth and its people
• Geography helps us understand why Georgia’s native peoples and later settlers chose certain parts of the state as their home
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Spatial Geography
How do we organize the land?
• 159 counties
• 5 bordering states– What are they??? (label your map)
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Places & Regions
People create regions to understand the earth’s complexities
• GA has 5 physiographic regions
• 18 islands
• 58,910 square miles of land
• 854 square inland water miles
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Physical systems of GA
Physical processes that shape the earth’s surface
• Coastal islands (SE GA)
• Appalachian Mountains (N GA)
• Fall Line: line that separates east & west GA
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Human systems
Where Georgians migrated and settled
• Atlanta – capital
• Twiggs County – geographic center
• Port of Savannah – first major settlement
• Brasstown Bald – highest geographic point
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Environment & Society
Actions of humans that modified the environment
• Suburban sprawl (Metro Atlanta)
• Interstates & highways
• Urban population centers
• Rural farmlands & agricultural regions
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How do we use Geography?
• Interpret GA’s past, understand its present, plan for the future
• GA’s location relative to other states affects its growth & development
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Absolute Location
• A places precise location on the earth’s surface– Latitude– Longitude
• GA: 30 – 35 N latitude, 80 – 85 W longitude
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Relative Location
• Where is GA located compared with other places– North America– Southeastern United States– Atlantic Coast
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GA’s Physiographic Regions
• How would you describe the Geographic Regions of Georgia?
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Key terms & places
Fall line
Region
Precipitation
Wetland
Barrier Island
Continental Shelf
Appalachian Plateau
Ridge & Valley
Blue Ridge
Piedmont Plateau
Coastal Plain
Okefenokee Swamp
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Appalachian Plateau Region• GA’s smallest physiographic region• Climate: Cooler because of the mountains• Economy: tourism, forestry• Location: NW corner of GA• Features: Limestone caves, deep canyons, &
rock formationsLookout Mountain, Sand Mountain, Chickamauga
• Soil: Limestone, shale, & sandstone
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Ridge & Valley Region• Location: between the Blue Ridge Mountains
& Appalachian Plateau• Climate: warmer than mountains• Soil: Limestone & clay in valleys, Sandstone
& shale on ridges• Economy: Farming (apples & cattle) & carpet
industry• Features: Dalton (Carpet capital of the world)
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Blue Ridge Region• Climate: Mountains provide much of the
state’s precipitation (cooler)• Location: Northeastern part of state• Features: GA’s highest & largest group of
mountains, Brasstown Bald (highest point), Helen, GA & Amicalola falls
• Soils: sandy loam & clay• Economy: tourism, forestry, vegetable
farming, apple farming
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Piedmont Plateau• Climate: mild winters; hot, humid summers• Location: from the mountain foothills and
goes to central part of state (fall line)• Economy: industry, tourism, & some farming• Soil: Red clay & granite base• Features: Chattahoochee, Flint, Oconee, &
Ocmulgee riversAtlanta, Athens, Stone Mountain, Kennesaw MTN
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Coastal Plain Region• Climate: mild winters; hot, humid summers• Economy: Farming (peanut, soybean, corn, &
pecans)• Location: from Piedmont (fall line) to coast of
GA• Soil: Varies from Limestone to clay• Features: Barrier islands, wetlands,
Okefenokee Swamp, Savannah, Continental Shelf, Naval Stores & pulp production
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Okefenokee Swamp
• 681 square miles
• Located south of Waycross
• Largest swamp in North America
• Freshwater wetland
• Water lies close to the surface
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Barrier Islands
• Spanish Explorers called them “islands of gold”
• Protect beaches by blocking sand, winds, & water that could erode coastline
• 2/3’s remain wilderness areas• Recreation & seafood gathering as well as
tourism
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Shelves & Lines• Continental Shelf: part of coastal plain that
extends into ocean• Fall Line: natural boundary that separates the
Coastal Plain from the Piedmont Plateau– Hilly or mountainous lands meet coastal plain– Many water falls here because of the change in
land structure• Fall Line water falls provide power source for many GA
communities
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Georgia’s Climate
What do I need to know?
• Difference between weather & climate
• Effect of weather conditions on state
• Different types of weather phenomena
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GA’s temperature
• Mild climate, subtropical feel on coast• Hot, humid summers & mild winters• Four distinct seasons• Vertical climate: cooler climate at higher
elevations (mountains)• July is hottest month, January coldest
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GA’s Precipitation
• Normal year: 40 – 52 inches of precipitation in central & southern regions, 65 – 76 inches in northern regions
• July is wettest month, October is driest
• 2007 precipitation – so far
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Winds & Currents
• Air masses from Gulf of Mexico & Atlantic control warm summer months
• Air masses from Canada & Alaska control winter weather
• Ocean currents, trade winds, & prevailing westerlies aided travel for early explorers
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Storms over GA
• GA averages 21 tornados per year resulting in one to three deaths
• Most tornados in GA generally occur from March to May