Geographic Information SystemsGeographic Information Systems

Issues and Prospects

- The Trends of GIS Development

1. The Trends 1. The Trends

Enterprise computing and GIS Spatial data warehouse Interoperability and open GIS Impact of internet on GIS

2. Enterprise Computing and GIS 2. Enterprise Computing and GIS

GIS is moving closer to the core of corporate information technology due to

- interoperable GIS

- multimedia technology Users turned their attention to what they can use

GIS for

2. Enterprise Computing and GIS 2. Enterprise Computing and GIS

New generation of DBMS

either the mainstream DBMS can handle spatial data or GIS DBMS fit into the mainstream tech

Advanced data modeling tech absorbs GIS concepts and requirements into conventional systems

GIS software vendors follow the computer industry trend to develop off-the-shelf products

2. Enterprise Computing and GIS 2. Enterprise Computing and GIS

Integration of GIS and CAD helped support transportation, utility, telecommunication, and engineering apps

Mobile computing (wireless, internet, field survey) removed the barrier between office and field users

GIS is popularized by desktop and laptop apps

Availability of public-domain data is unique in the US

3. Spatial Data Warehouse3. Spatial Data Warehouse

A “super database” Stores a clean copy of all the databases in a central

repository It has become an integral component of GIS

implementation

4. Interoperability and Open GIS4. Interoperability and Open GIS

Different organizations tend to develop or use different hardware, software, and data models

GIS interoperation means to share data and functions freely across the boundaries of different GIS systems

Components and middleware

4. Interoperability and Open GIS4. Interoperability and Open GIS

Standard data storage specifications

- OLE/COM Object Linking and Embedding /Component Object Model

- CORBACommon Object Request Broker Architecture

4. Interoperability and Open GIS4. Interoperability and Open GIS

Open GIS Consortium Inc. (OGC) A membership organization consisting of gov,

edu,com, and org It produced a series of open GIS specifications that

enable the sharing of data and applications between individual GIS and between GIS and other apps such as statistics, modeling, etc.

5. Impact of Internet on GIS5. Impact of Internet on GIS

Internet has had and will continue to have profound impact on the development of GIS

The use of GIS on the Internet requires a GIS server to serve as an interface between http and GIS database

5. Impact of Internet on GIS5. Impact of Internet on GIS

GIS applications on the Internet - Display static and animated maps

- Spatial data catalog browse and retrieval- Geographic search engine - Real-time map browse ad generation- Real-time multi-media

ReadingReading

Chapter 12