geoff hollington 09.11.09 materials and design in healthcare furniture
TRANSCRIPT
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Geoff Hollington 09.11.09
Materials and Design in Healthcare Furniture
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> Consulting
> Product innovation and design
> Materials and process innovation with BGH
> Materials KTN — open innovation
> Space IGT
> Design2.0 <www.designtwopointzero.com>
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> Design Bugs Out
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Porter's ChairMinimaVernacare
Bedside CabinetKinneir DufortBristol Maid
CommodePearsonLloydKirton Healthcare
Bedside System HollingtonHerman Miller
Patient ChairPearsonLloydKirton Healthcare
> Design Bugs Out winning designs
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TUB
TOP TRAYS
CART
PERSONAL POD
MEDS POD
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ABS
MOULDED MELAMINE
POWDER COAT
PP COPOLYMER
GLASS-FILLED PP
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> Materials and Design
Materials and Design
Tools:
> Materials and processes
> Surface finishes
> Shape
> Communication
Goals:
> Functional surface properties
> Effective cleaning
> Wear resistance
> Reassuring appearance
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> Surface properties
Surface properties
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> Surface properties
Hydrophobic = good? Surfaces that shed water easily will not allow bacteria to stick?
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a | The Gram-positive cell wall is composed of a thick, multilayered peptidoglycan sheath outside of the cytoplasmic membrane. Teichoic acids are linked to and embedded in the peptidoglycan, and lipoteichoic acids extend into the cytoplasmic membrane.
b | The Gram-negative cell wall is composed of an outer membrane linked by lipoproteins to thin, mainly single-layered peptidoglycan. The peptidoglycan is located within the periplasmic space that is created between the outer and inner membranes. The outer membrane includes porins, which allow the passage of small hydrophilic molecules across the membrane, and lipopolysaccharide molecules that extend into extracellular space.
Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [Gram stain test — HC Gram 1882]
Bacteria adhere to hydrophobic surfaces
Bacteria slide off hydrophobic surfaces
The bacterial cell wall
> Surface properties
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> Surface properties
Antimicrobial agents?Kill bacteria automatically when they attach to a surface
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bacteria attached directly to surfacessoil [aka crud] bacteria inhabiting soil material
Anti-microbial agents embedded in substrates or in coatings can only attack bacteria they can touch
> Surface properties
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bacteria inhabiting soil material
Anti-microbial agents embedded in substrates or in coatings can only attack bacteria they can touch
> Surface properties
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> Cleaning
Cleaning — Technology and Psychology
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> Cleaning
Microfibre systems Can be more effective that tradititional wet systems
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> Cleaning
< 1.5—2.0 microns >
polyamide [nylon] — lyophilic and hydrophilic [affinity to water]
polyester — lyophilic [affinity to oil]
Microfibre filament
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> Cleaning
Surface texture Even very fine textures interfere with cleaning effectiveness
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> Cleaning
Surface textures are common in many product categories, employed for durability, manufacturing consistency and aesthetics
Smooth surfaces are problematic in manufacturing and robustness in use, but are essential in many healthcare applications
Surface textures
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> Cleaning
Surface roughness average [Ra} must be 0.1microns or less, ie a smooth, glossy appearnce
Surface textures
> <
Ra [
Roughness
avera
ge]
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> Cleaning
Cleaning behaviour Can a design encourage effective cleaning behaviour?
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> Cleaning
The grime boundary becomes the target edge for the next cleaning cycle — possibly
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Geoff Hollington 09.11.09
Materials and Design in Healthcare Furniture
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> Wear
Wear resistance
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> Wear
Scratches Scratching significantly diminishes the cleanability of a surface
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< 0.5 — 1.0 microns >
> Wear
Both coccus (spherical) and bacillus (rod-shaped) bacteria can be trapped in microscopic surface scratches in materials such as stainless steel and plastics.
When a surface is cleaned, trapped bacteria will be left behind, possibly along with the nutrients that support them.
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> Wear
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> Wear
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> User behaviour
User behaviour
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Users will tend to look after their own interests
> User behaviour
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Geoff Hollington 09.11.09
thank you