geo 102 lab #1
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Geo 102 Lab #1. Pacific Northwest Geologic Mystery. The Scientific Method. The basic process of the scientific method is as follows: Observe some phenomenon or object you cannot explain. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Geo 102 Lab #1
Pacific Northwest Geologic Mystery
The Scientific MethodThe basic process of the scientific method is as follows:• Observe some phenomenon or object you cannot explain.• Invent a tentative description or explanation, called a
hypothesis, that is consistent with what you have observed.
• Use the hypothesis to make predictions about future observations and actions.
• Test those predictions by experiments or further observations and modify the hypothesis in the light of your results.
• Make additional predictions based on the revised hypothesis until there are no discrepancies between theory and experiment and/or observation.
#1McMinnville
Oregon
Jökulhlaups
• Glacial outburst floods, also known as jökulhlaups, occur very rapidly and can release huge amounts of water. In Iceland, many jökulhlaups are triggered by volcanic activity beneath glacial ice.
Jökulhlaup in Iceland
Erratic - A rock fragment carried by glacial ice, or by floating ice, deposited some distance from the
outcrop from which it was derived…
- Glossary of Geology
Erratic State Park in
McMinnville
Glacial Erratics in the Willamette
ValleyMcMinnville Erratic
Icebergs near Vatnajokull, Iceland
#2Eastern
Washington
Satellite Image of Eastern Washington
The Palouse
• Ancient loess deposits in eastern Washington derived from the Columbia River and glacial outwash, blown in during the last Ice Age.
• The Palouse consists of rolling hills of very thick, fertile, soil. It known for its rich wheat production.
Loess
• Silt, sand, and dust, which are blown by wind. The source of most of the loess in the Pacific Northwest is glacial material blown from the north during the last Ice Age
Scablands
• An elevated area, underlain by flat-lying basalt flows, with a thin soil cover and sparse vegetation, and usually with deep dry channels scoured into the surface.
Scablands - Near Grand Coulee
Map of Eastern
Washington
Dry Falls and Coulee City
#3Spokane
Washington
Map of Spokane
Area
Rhythmites
Rhythmites South of Spokane
Rhythmite
• Succession of layers of sediment (silts, clays, etc.) deposited in rhythmic cycles. For example a sand layer followed by a silt layer followed by another sand layer. Varying amounts of time may separate layers.
Glacial Varves
Varve
• A pair of thin sedimentary layers formed annually by seasonal climatic changes. Usually found in glacial lake deposits, varves consist of a coarse-grained, light-colored summer layer and a finer-grained, dark-colored winter layer. Varves, and the pollen they contain, are useful for interpreting recent climatic history.
#4Coulee City Washington
Map of Eastern
Washington
Dry Falls and Coulee City
Large Boulder Near Grand Coulee Dam
#5MissoulaMontana
Detroit Dam
Detroit Reservoir in March
Shorelines above Missoula
#6Corvallis Oregon
Wallowing in a Mud Puddle
#7Camas Prairie
Montana
Camas Prairie, Montana
Camas Prairie, Montana
Ripple Marks
Camas Prairie, Montana
Camas Prairie Topographic Map
#8Dry Falls
Washington
Map of Eastern
Washington
Dry Falls and Coulee City
Aerial View of Dry Falls
Dry Falls
Shutting off Niagara
A De-watered
American Falls
1969
Eroded Gully SW of Coulee City
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