GENGHIS KHAN

EARLY LIFE Genghis Khan was born close to the border of

modern Mongolia and Siberia around 1162. He was the son of Yesukhei, a chief of a minor

Borjigin tribe, who kidnapped her mother Hoelun and was forced to a marriage.

Also known as “Temujin”, he experienced a rough childhood amidst the violence and continuous battle among tribes.

According to the “Secret History of the Mongols” (an oldest account of Mongol History), he was born with a blood-clot in his hand which symbolized a great leader and a warrior.

When he was 9, Genghis’ father was poisoned to death by a rival Tatar tribe.

He regained his position as a tribe leader when he killed his older half-brother Bekhter.

In 1178, at the age of 16, Temujin married Borte with whom he had four sons and thus cementing the alliance between Konkirat tribe and his own.

Continuation…

UNITING THE MONGOLS

Continuation… After rescuing his wife Borte from her captivity

to the Merkit tribe, Temujin began his slow ascent to power by building competent allies.

He build his own well-trained army and used a special military tactics to defeat his enemy tribes.

By 1205, Temujin vanquished his rivals and he managed to subdue the Merkits, Naimans, Mongols, Tatars, Keraits, Uyghursa and other nomadic tribes under his rule.

He was acknowledged as “Chinggis Khan” (Genghis Khan) by Mongol leaders which means “Universal Ruler”.

WEAPONS AND TACTICS Mongol soldier typically

maintained 3 to 4 horses for travelling.

Every soldier was fully equipped with bow, arrows, shield,

dagger, and lasso.

Continuation… They cornered their enemies by

skillfully surrounding and eliminating them.

CONQUEST OF THE UNIVERSAL RULER

After establishing the Mongol empire, he started the Mongol invasion and raids of the Kara-Khitan Khanate, Caucasus, Khwarezmid Empire, Western Xia and Jin dynasties which eventually occupied a substantial portion of Central Asia. When Genghis Khan returned to Mongolia in 1225, he reign a large territory from the Sea of Japan to Caspian Sea. In 1227, Genghis conquered the XiaXia Kingdom which had refused to contribute troops to the Khwarezm invasion.

He died on August 18, 1227 after the submission of Xi Xia.

Historians didn’t know specifically how he died but some believed he fell of a horse to the ground while he was on his campaign which caused internal injuries and his health never recovered from it.

His burial site was never found.

Continuation…

GENGHIS KHAN’S DEATH AND HIS LEGACY

Continuation… The present tomb of Genghis Khan is

just a symbol of his burial place.

Before Genghis Khan’s death, assigned Ogedei Khan as his supreme succesor and split his empire into khanates among his sons and grandsons.

His descendants continue to stretch the Mongol Empire and lasted in 1920.

Genghis’ youngest son, Kublai Khan, was made the Great Khan and

emperor of Yuan Dynasty of China.