genetics gregor mendel. genetics- the study of biological inheritance gregor mendel= austrian monk...
Post on 19-Dec-2015
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Genetics
Gregor Mendel
• Genetics- The study of biological inheritance• Gregor Mendel= Austrian monk in the 1800s
that laid the groundwork of genetics.– He used pea plants to look for specific inherited
traits (shape, color, height, etc.)
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– He controlled mating and fertilization
• Mating of 2 organisms = cross
Mendel controlled thefertilization of his pea plantsby removing the male parts,or stamens.
He then fertilized the femalepart, or pistil, with pollen froma different pea plant.
– He came up with 3 conclusions:• 1) Traits are inherited as specific units.• 2) Organisms inherit two copies of each gene, one
from each parent.• 3) The two copies separate during gamete
formation.
*2+3 = law of segregation
Using Genes to Trace Inheritance• gene- piece of DNA with specific instructions• locus- location of gene• allele- any forms of the same gene at the
same locus
http://mygenetic.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/allele.jpg
* Each parent donates one allele for every gene.
• genotype = the makeup of a specific set of genes.
• phenotype = the physical appearance of a trait.
Recessive expressed only when 2 copies are present!
• Dominant alleles are represented by uppercase letters; recessive alleles by lowercase letters.
Order of dominance: brown > green > blue
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