Genetics and Crop Improvement

Varietals Selection of CIP germplasm in BangladeshA

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Introduction

This experiment is based in 2 statistical designs: RCBD Observation plot

Block 1Block 2 Block 3

Experimental brief: 15 CIP clone & 2 CV Year: 2011-12

Introduction

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Locality Dinajpur

Locality Debigonj

Plot I

Plot II

Plot III

Rep. I

Rep. II

Rep. III

Plot I

Plot II

Plot III

Rep. I

Rep. II

Rep. III

Objetives

The following objectives are sought with this design:

To gather the opinion of the parties involved in the selection of possible new varieties.

To characterize the preferences that exist in the different regions.

To validate a methodology in order to be able to systematically compare results between sites and different years.

Advantages

Some advantages are:

Ensure that the varieties meet the needs of the breeders and stakeholders.

Early acceptance of varieties.

Early access to greater genetic diversity in breeding materials.

Increased ability to manipulate resources in different environments and seasons.

.1. Vegetative development:

• Identification selection criteria• Ranking selection criteria

2. Harvest:

• Evaluation tuber yield• Identification selection criteria• Ranking selection criteria • Organoleptic evaluation

3. Post-harvest:

• Sprouting & weight loss• Identification selection criteria• Ranking selection criteria

Main exercises / measurements during the selection cycle

VegetativeVegetative

Stage of EvaluationStage of

Evaluation

HarvestHarvest Post-HarvestPost-Harvest

Main exercises / measurements during the selection cycle

Phases

This table shows the phases, components, and methods

Phase Component Method

Trial, materials and site information

Minimal - basic data List

Trial information, management and evaluation data

List

Management calendar ListSoil analysis (#) Soil analysis Climate data (#) Weather stationList of materials List

Flowering (vegetative

development)

Gathering and ranking of selection criteria Group Identification & ranking

Ranking of preferred clones by plot Ranking

Harvest

Gathering and ranking of selection criteria Group Identification & ranking

Ranking of preferred clones by plot Ranking

Standard evaluation of yield Direct observation by counting and weighing

Post-Harvest

Organoleptic Evaluation By panel (women / men)Standard Evaluation Direct Observation

Gathering and ranking of selection criteria Group Identification & ranking

Ranking of the preferred clones Ranking

# = optional

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DinajpurDinajpur

DebigonjDebigonj

Evaluation at vegetative stage

DinajpurDinajpur DebigonjDebigonj

1st :Early Bulking: 732nd :Late Blight resistant: 623rd : Strong stem: 50

1st :Early Bulking: 942nd :Late Blight resistant: 643rd : Minimum use of fertilizer: 47

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Cone/VarietyRCBD

Trial Score Men (corn)

RCBD Trial Score

Women (beans)

Observation plot

Score Men (corn)

Observation plot

Score Women (beans)

Global ScoreOrder of ranking

CIP- 111 11 0 15 0 26 III

CIP-112 6 10 6 7 29 IICIP- 117 0 0 0 0 0 XIII

CIP-118 2 0 0 0 2 XII

CIP-120 2 0 7 0 9 IX

CIP- 126 13 13 12 11 49 ICIP- 131 2 0 11 0 13 VIII

CIP- 139 4 0 2 3 9 IX

LB-1 5 0 3 1 9 IX

LB-2 6 1 2 0 9 IX

LB-12 1 1 0 0 2 XII

LB-14 4 0 12 3 19 V

CIP- 2 2 0 0 1 3 XI

CIP-10 4 0 0 0 4 X

CIP-14 9 2 6 1 18 VI

Cardinal (CV) 7 1 5 1 14 VII

Diamant (CV) 12 2 9 2 25 IV

Total 90 30 90 30 240 -

Clonal selection at Debigonj

Clone/VarietyRCBD

Trial Score Men (corn)

RCBD Trial Score Women

(beans)

Observation plotScore Men (corn)

Observation plotScore Women

(beans)

Global Score

Order of ranking

CIP- 111 12 0 14 0 26 IIICIP-112 5 0 2 1 8 IXCIP- 117 0 0 0 0 0 XIVCIP-118 3 0 1 0 4 XI

CIP- 126 20 0 20 2 42 ICIP-120 2 0 9 0 11 VIIICIP- 131 3 0 20 0 23 IVCIP- 139 4 0 3 0 7 XLB-1 4 0 3 0 7 XLB-2 12 2 4 0 18 VILB-12 2 0 0 0 2 XIIILB-14 4 0 14 0 18 VICIP- 2 3 0 0 0 3 XIICIP-10 3 0 0 0 3 XIICIP-14 13 1 6 1 21 VCardinal (CV) 6 0 5 1 12 VII

Diamant (CV)

18 3 13 1 35 II

Total 114 6 114 6 240 -

Clonal selection at Dinajpur

DebigonjDebigonj

DinajpurDinajpur

Evaluation at Harvest stageGathering and Ranking of Criteria” (time of harvest)

Criteria Men (n=32)

Order if Importance

Women (n=28)

Order if Importance

Total (n=60)

Order if Importance

Score Score Score

Good yield 89 I 45 I 134 IGood storage 42 II 25 II 67 IIGood taste 20 III 30 III 50 IIIRed color 15 IV 22 V 37 VEarly variety 12 V 37 IV 49 IVGood Shape 7 VI 2 VII 9 VIIMedium size 4 VII 6 VI 10 VIDisease resistant 3 VIII 1 VIII 4 VIIITotal 192 - 168 - 360 -

Dinajpur

Criteria Men (n=33)

Order if Importance

Women (n=27)

Order if Importance

Total (n=60)

Order if Importance

Score Score Score

Good yield 70 I 12 I 82 IGood size (medium) 10 V 54 II 64 IIEarly variety 35 II 22 III 57 IIIDisease resistant 12 IV 42 V 54 IVGood marketing 2 VII 2 IX 4 IXGood storage 35 II 9 V 44 VGood taste 28 III 2 VI 30 VISticky nature 4 VI 14 VII 18 VIIShallow eyes 0 VIII 5 VIII 5 VIIIRed color 2 VII 0 X 2 X

Total 198 - 162 - 360 -

Debigonj

Rank of order

Reasons of selection Name of clones/varietiesRCBD Trial Observation plot

Dinajpur Debigonj Dinajpur Debigonj

I

Good yieldRed in color & uniformGood size & shape Good taste Good storage abilityEarly maturity Market friendlyDisease resistance

CIP-126 CIP-112 CIP-126 LB-12

IIGood yield Good size & shape Good storage ability Like as indigenous varietyRed in colorGood taste

LB-12 CIP-14 CIP-112 CIP-126

IIIGood yield Red in color Good size Like as indigenous varietyGood taste

CIP-112 CIP-111 CIP-139 CIP-112

Ranking of the Best Clones by Farmer (time of harvest)

CIP-112 Placed 1st at DebigonjCIP-126 Placed 1st at Dinajpur

CIP-139 CIP-111

CIP-14LB-12

Organoleptic Evaluation

DebigonjDebigonj

FactorName of clones

First Second ThirdAppearance CIP-112 CIP-139 CIP117Taste CIP-112 CIP-139 CIP117Texture CIP-112 CIP-139 LB-12

Dinajpur

FactorName of clones/Varieties

First Second Third

Appearance CIP-112 Cardinal CIP-131

Taste CIP-112 LB-2 Cardinal

Texture CIP-112 CIP-139 CIP-131

Debigonj

Clones/Varieties Yield (t/ha)

Dinajpur Debigonj Average CIP- 139 47.03 52.00 49.52CIP- 131 55.43 59.48 57.46CIP- 126 55.93 57.70 56.82CIP-120 53.70 57.45 55.57CIP-118 51.87 57.42 54.65CIP- 117 51.71 55.01 53.36CIP-112 50.15 56.15 53.15LB-1 43.78 48.91 46.35LB-2 41.29 46.81 44.05LB-12 35.20 38.93 37.07LB-14 67.00 69.35 68.17CIP- 2 51.23 58.94 55.08CIP-10 56.61 61.26 58.93CIP-14 49.23 54.76 52.00CIP- 111 47.39 53.72 50.55Cardinal (CV) 43.10 47.00 45.05Diamant (CV) 41.48 41.70 41.59CV (%) 11.11 11.36LSD (0.05) 50.02 10.05

Yiel

d pe

rfor

man

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Criteria

Men (n=20)Order

if Importance

Women (n=20) Order

if Importance

Total (n=40) Order if

ImportanceScore Score Score

No color change after storage 19 III 12 V 31 IIINo hollow heart 0 8 VI 8 VII

No shrinkage after storage 1 VI 0 1 IX

Less sprouting 9 IV 16 IV 25 IV

No change to taste after storage 21 II 31 I 52 IILess weight loss 5 V 2 VII 7 VIII

Less rottage 55 I 28 II 83 INo black heart 9 IV 0 9 VI

Tight Skin 1 VI 23 III 24 V

TOTAL 120 - 120 - 240

Gathering and Ranking of Criteria(post-harvest)

DinajpurDinajpur

CriteriaMen

(n=32)Order if

ImportanceWomen (n=28)

Order if Importance

Total (n=60)

Order if Importance

Score Score Score

Not harmful to human health 9 VI 12 IV 21 V

No shrinkage after storage 7 VII 9 V 16 VII

No color change after storage 11 V 7 VIII 18 VI

Not easy to became soft after storage 1 IX 7 VIII 8 IX

Less rottage after storage 41 I 15 III 56 ILess sprouting 14 III 9 V 23 IV

No change to taste after storage 13 IV 36 I 49 IIStorage insect resistance 4 VIII 8 VI 12 VIII

Less storage disease or resistant 20 II 17 II 37 IIITOTAL 120 - 120 240 -

DebigonjDebigonj

Ranking of the Best Clones in Storage(post-harvest) at both locations

Clone/VarietyDinajpur Debigonj Global Score Order of

RankingMale Score

Female Score

Male ScoreFemale Score

CIP- 111 11 14 10 7 42 IVCIP-112 3 1 20 12 36 VICIP- 117 3 8 4 0 15 IXCIP-118 0 7 3 0 10 XIICIP-120 0 0 15 25 40 VCIP- 126 41 39 6 17 103 ICIP- 131 1 7 1 2 11 XICIP- 139 11 5 6 8 30 VIILB-1 6 5 7 2 20 VIIILB-2 4 3 2 0 9 XIIILB-12 26 10 8 13 57 IIILB-14 0 2 1 0 3 XIVCIP- 2 1 0 8 0 9 XIIICIP-10 2 0 4 8 14 XCIP-14 0 2 0 0 2 XVCardinal (CV) 11 16 20 23 70 II

Diamant (CV) 0 1 5 3 9 XIIITotal 90 30 90 30 - -

Standard Evaluation: Number of Sprouts, Tuber Weight and Health

(post-harvest)

Clone/varieties % Weight loss at 90 DAS % Rottage loss 90 DAS % Sprout 90 DAS Debigonj Dinajpur Debigonj Dinajpur Debigonj Dinajpur

CIP-111 1.96 1.04 0.00 3.13 90.00 100.00CIP-112 4.11 5.00 0.00 0.81 80.00 100.00CIP-117 2.17 9.18 0.00 0.00 100.00 100.00CIP-118 2.44 13.27 0.00 4.55 100.00 92.54CIP-120 1.96 3.12 0.00 5.75 60.00 96.59CIP-126 4.76 3.12 0.00 2.63 100.00 96.05CIP-131 3.61 7.14 10.00 6.56 100.00 98.36CIP-139 2.44 3.12 0.00 9.52 100.00 95.24CIP-2 4.00 1.09 0.00 1.49 60.00 100.00CIP-10 3.93 1.06 0.00 0.00 60.00 100.00CIP14 2.91 1.04 0.00 2.53 100.00 100.00LB-1 9.09 9.57 0.00 8.62 100.00 87.93LB-2 2.44 5.21 0.00 8.33 100.00 94.44LB-12 3.23 3.12 0.00 2.47 90.00 96.30LB-14 4.76 7.61 10.00 3.70 100.00 97.59Cardinal 3.61 7.45 0.00 1.19 100.00 98.81Diamant 4.76 9.38 0.00 1.54 100.00 100.00

.

Friedman test

Is a non- parametric statistical test.

It is used to detect differences in treatments across multiple test attempts.

The procedure involves ranking each row (or block) together, then considering the values of ranks by columns.

Applicable to complete block designs.

Statistical AnalysisFriedmanFriedman

Friedman test is a nonparametric analysis of a randomized block experiment.

It is used to detect differences in treatments across multiple test attempts.

ANOVAANOVA

ANOVA is a parametric analysis of a randomized block experiment

It is used to detect differences in treatments across multiple test attempts.

Kruskal-WallisKruskal-Wallis

Performs a nonparametric analysis of the one-way analysis of variance

The Kruskal-Wallis hypotheses are:

- H0: the population medians are all equal versus

- H1: the medians are not all equal

Statistical Analysis

Principal Components Principal Components

PCA is a data reduction technique used to identify a small set of variables that account for a large proportion of the total variance in the original variables.

Components can be calculated from the correlation matrix or the covariance matrix.

Output consists of the eigenvalues, the proportion and cumulative proportion of the total variance explained by each principal component, and the coefficients for each principal component.

Consolidation of evaluations: Principal Componentes

Local CodeInstitutional

numberClone or

variety name

CIP_111 CIP380583.8 Baseko

CIP_112 CIP380606.6 Enfula

CIP_117 CIP386292.3 IRA-92

CIP_118 CIP388615.22 C91.640

CIP_120 CIP389429.31 TS-15

CIP_126 CIP392797.22 UNICA

CIP_131 CIP393708.31 95.32

CIP_139 CIP396311.1 C95.276

LB_1 CIP391004.18

LB_2 CIP391046.14

LB_12 CIP396031.119

LB_14 CIP396244.12

CIP_2 CIP391846.5 LR-93.309

CIP_10 CIP397029.21 364.21

CIP_14 CIP397079.6 317.6

Cardinal Cardinal (CV)

Diamant Diamant (CV)

Consolidation of evaluations: Used weights and ranking

Local CodeInstitutional

numberClone or

variety name

GS_Veg_Debigonj

GS_Veg_Dinajpur

App_Debig

Taste_Debig

Texture_Debig

App_Dinaj

Taste_Dinaj

Texture_Dinaj

GS_Storage_Debig

GS_Storage_Dinaj

Yield_MT_Debig

Yield_MT_Dinaj

CIP_111 CIP380583.8 Baseko 26 26 95 145 184 35 33 60 17 25 53.717 47.39

CIP_112 CIP380606.6 Enfula 29 8 158 240 249 93 80 153 32 4 56.15 50.15

CIP_117 CIP386292.3 IRA-92 0 0 68 91 111 58 54 87 4 11 55.01 51.71

CIP_118 CIP388615.22 C91.640 2 4 64 118 135 39 33 72 3 7 57.42 51.87

CIP_120 CIP389429.31 TS-15 9 11 100 127 159 21 20 48 40 0 57.447 53.7

CIP_126 CIP392797.22 UNICA 49 42 87 112 168 56 38 57 23 80 57.703 55.93

CIP_131 CIP393708.31 95.32 13 23 136 186 243 34 24 72 3 8 59.48 55.43

CIP_139 CIP396311.1 C95.276 9 7 85 130 147 70 60 114 14 16 52 47.03

LB_1 CIP391004.18 9 7 59 116 108 52 43 96 9 11 48.91 43.78

LB_2 CIP391046.14 9 18 122 198 243 50 49 96 2 7 46.81 41.29

LB_12 CIP396031.119 2 2 76 140 156 39 35 51 21 36 38.93 35.2

LB_14 CIP396244.12 19 18 66 97 102 40 37 84 1 2 69.347 67

CIP_2 CIP391846.5 LR-93.309 3 3 120 173 216 26 17 39 8 1 58.937 51.23

CIP_10 CIP397029.21 364.21 4 3 77 113 150 35 31 63 12 2 61.257 56.61

CIP_14 CIP397079.6 317.6 18 21 87 100 123 26 23 45 0 2 54.76 49.23

Cardinal Cardinal (CV) 14 12 138 185 216 46 41 75 43 27 46.997 43.1

Diamant Diamant (CV) 25 35 107 127 180 54 46 84 8 1 41.703 41.48

From the studied there were six CIP clones (CIP-111, CIP-112, CIP-126, CIP-139, CIP-14 and LB-12) selected for next year trial.

Conclusion

Thank You