genetic recombination & mapping in bacteria
TRANSCRIPT
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Genetic Recombination & Mapping in Bacteria
• Three methods of Recombination in Bacteria:
• Conjugation• Transformation• Transduction: Generalized transduction &
Specialized transduction
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Bacterial Growth
• prototrophs: synthesize all essential nutrients
• Auxotrophs: require a supplement
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Conjugation
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Conjugationphysical process F plasmid Sex pilusF+ and F- cells evidence for physical contact
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Hfr recombination
• plasmid incorporated
• same process as F+ cell
• longer period, not all genes transferred
• F- cell remains F-
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Merozygotes
• Partial diploid cells (merozygotes)
• Used in gene regulation studies
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Mapping
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Gene Mapping
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Transformation
• Exogenous DNA • competence of cells • linkage and gene
transfer
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Co-Transformation
• Linked genes• Simultaneous gene transfer• Second experiment using single gene mutants• Double Transformation 25X fewer
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Transduction: Generalized
• Virus mediated • lytic cycle of virus • incorporation of
bacterial DNA (random)
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Transduction: Specialized
• lysogenic cycle of virus
• incorporates into bacterial genome
• excises out; can carry bacterial genes
• more specific genes