GENETIC DIVERSITY OF THE NORTH MEDITERRANEAN

POPULATIONS OF CHONDROSTOMA (CYPRINIDAE)

2Jasna Vukić, 1Radek Šanda

PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF THE NORTH MEDITERRANEAN

POPULATIONS OF ALBURNUS ALBURNUS COMPLEX

(CYPRINIDAE)

1Radek Šanda, 2Jasna Vukić, 3Ivana Buj, 4Ivan Bogut

1National Museum in Prague, Department of Zoology2Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague

3Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb4Institute of Special Zootechniques, Josi Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia

Chondrostoma nasus

genus Chondrostoma: bentic fishes, lower mouth with

horny layer on lower lip, important in recreational fisheries

- recently considerable taxonomic revision

Alburnus scoranza

genus Alburnus: pelagic fishes, upper mouth, important locally

in commercial fisheries (Prespa, Skadar, Ohrid lakes)

- recently considerable taxonomic revision

Alburnus neretvae Buj, Šanda & Perea, 2010

Buj, I., Vukić, J., Šanda, R., Perea, S., Ćaleta,

M., Marčić, Z., Bogut, I., Povž, M. &

Mrakovčić, M. Morphological comparison of

bleaks (Alburnus, Cyprinidae) from the

Adriatic Basin with the description of a new

species. Folia Zoologica, 2010, 59 (2): 129-

141.

Aims

to study the genetic diversity of Alburnus and

Chondrostoma populations from the area of the

northern Mediterranean, and to resolve their

phylogenetic relationships and taxonomy

Methods

• extraction of DNA

• amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene

• sequencing

• model of evolution (Modeltest)

• Bayesian methods of phylogenetic inference (Mr. Bayes)

• haplotype network (Network)

Distribution of European species of genus Chondrostoma according to Elvira

(1987) and Kottelat and Freyhof (2007)

further several species in Near and Middle East nad Caspian basin

Chondrostoma

C. nasus

C. phoxinusC. knerii

C. prespense

C. vardarense

C. soetta

C. kubanicum

C. scodrense

Additional sequences available from GenBank: C. angorense, C. soetta,

C. regium, C. oxyrhynchum, C. cyri, C. holmwoodii, C. meandrense

Sampling localities of

new material analysed

in this study:

C. nasus

C. ohridana

C. knerii

C. phoxinus

C. prespense

C. vardarense

TA2 93Tsouf iaB2 9Ppseu da

B7 1Palep

DQ44 7739 Chkn er iiA19 18

A19 19AY56 8623 Chsoetta

AY56 8624 ChsoettaAF5 3376 7Chsoetta

AY49 4741 Chph oxinus

B8 4Chp hoxCP 1Chp hox

AY56 8622 ChgeneiAF5 3376 6Chg enei

AF5 3376 2Chh olmwoodiiAF5 3376 5Chh olmwoodii

AF5 3376 4Chmean drenseAF5 3376 3Chmean drense

AF5 3376 0CHangor en se

Z7 5109 Chnasu sA12 74

A12 75A12 76

A12 77A12 79Sik1 A

UBL5CUBL5D

A12 78OLS 16

A23 06A23 07

A23 08A23 10A23 11

A23 12A23 13

Hor 11A23 04

A23 05A23 09B3 3A

ULI 8AY02 6402 Chnasu s

AF0 9074 9ChAo osDr im3

Dr im7Dr im8

Dr im1 1Dr im1 7Dr im1 8

Dr im1 9Dr im2 3

Dr im1 0Dr im1 2

A29 1Cho ndA29 2Cho nd

A29 3

COZ82Dr im1

Dr im4Dr im1 3

Dr im1 5Dr im2 0

Dr im2 1Dr im2 4Dr im2 5

AF0 9074 8CHAoo sAF5 3376 1ChMo raca

Dr im1 6A13 6Cho nd

A13 7Cho ndA14 7A54 5

A41 9Cho ndA54 3Cho nd

A29 84A55 0

A29 85A55 1

A55 2A54 6A54 7

A13 5A14 3

A14 4A14 6

A41 7A42 4

A42 5

A42 6A42 7

A45 7A13 8

A14 0A14 1

A41 8A42 0A42 1

A42 2A42 3

A54 4A54 8

Dr im2Dr im6Dr im1 4

Dr im5Dr im9

Dr im2 2A14 5

A14 8A54 2

A13 9A14 2AF0 9074 7Chp respens is

13 54GA30 23

A55 3A55 4

Pr espa2Pr espa113 42G

A54 9AY02 6401 Chcyri

49 0GCHon dPiniosA27 16

A27 19A27 20

A27 23A27 25Var3

Var11Var13

A27 17A27 21

A27 22A27 24

A27 26

Var12Var1

Var2Var6

Var8Var10

A27 18Var4Var5

Var7Var9

Var14G1

M2ST1AST1B

ST1CST1I

ST1JST1E

ST1HM2A

B1 3ST1DST1F

ST1GST1K

ST1LAY02 6400 Chr egium

AF5 3375 6Chr eg iu mAF5 3375 7Chr eg iu m

AF5 3375 4Chr eg iu m

AF5 3375 5Chr eg iu mAF0 9560 6Cho xyr hynchum

AF5 3375 8Chtox ostomaAF5 3376 9Chtox ostoma

AY56 8598 Charr ig onisAY56 8619 Chtur iens is

AY56 8609 Chmieg iiAF0 4598 6Chlus itanicu m

AY56 8607 Chlemming ii

AY58 2741 Chor etanumAY25 4680 Charcas ii

AY25 4683 CholigolepisAY56 8602 Chdu rien sis

AY56 8610 Chpo ly lepisAY56 8617 Chwillk ommi

AY56 8613 Chsalman tinu m0.1

1/84

0.9/-

1/-

0.99/77

1/100

1/82

0.96/-

1/100

1/89

1/88

0.61/-

0.85/85

1/94

Iberochondrostoma, Parachondrostoma

Achondrostoma, Pseudochondrostoma

C. regium

C. kneriiC. soetta

C. phoxinusProtochondrostoma genei

C. nasus

C. holmwoodii

C. meandrense

C. ohridana

C. vardarense

C. prespense

C. cyri

C. oxyrhynchum

Chondrostoma

Albania

Haplotype network of Chondrostoma from Ohrid –

Drim – Skadar and other basins of Albania

Chondrostoma

Distribution of European species of Alburnus alburnus group according to Kottelat and

Freyhof (2007)

Numerous further species, mainly from A. chalcoides species group, in Aegean and

Black Sea baisins in Europe, Near and Middle East and Caspian basin.

A. scoranza

A. alburnus

A. alborella

A. albidus A. belvicaA. thessalicus

A. macedonicus

A. sp. volvi

Additional species available from GenBank: A. hohenackeri, A. macedonicus, A.

thessalicus, A. chalcoides, Alburnus from lower Struma, A. filippii, A. mossulensis, A.

orontis, A. baliki, A. escherichii

Sampling localities of new

material analysed in this study:

A. cf. Alborella

A. neretvae

A. scoranza

A. belvica

A. alburnus

Alburnus from upper Struma =

cf. thessalicus

A. chalcoides

AF090777Tr opspartAY509846Scery th

B84PalepB29Ppseuda

BiH14TrebizatA1999ALBThrA2016AlbThrA2017AlbThrA2018ALBThrA2019ALBThrBiH13TrebizaA1997ALBThrA1998ALBThrA2025AlbThr

Tre2TrebisnjicaTre3TrebisnjicaA1835AlbThrA1836AlbThrA1837AlbThrA1838AlbThrA1839ALBThrA1840ALBThrA1841ALBThrA1842ALBThrA1843AlbThrA1844AlbThrA1846AlbThrA1847AlbThrA1848AlbThrA1849AlbThr

Tre4TrebisnjicaTre1TrebisnjicaA1898AlbThrA1900ALBThrA1914AlbThr

A1845AlbThrA1897AlbThrA1899ALBThrA1915AlbThrA1913AlbThr

A1916AlbThrA1917ALBThrMK1AlbThrMK2AlbThrMK3AlbThrMK4AlbThrIB4AlbThrIB5AlbThr

NC008659AalbSaoneAB239593AalbSaoneY10443AalbIL16ALBThrOLS16AAAlbThr

A1320AlbThrIL15PhoxThrIL17ALBThrB10AAlbThrB14AAlbThrUBL5AAAlbThrB36AALbThrIL18ALBThrIL19ALBThrA1317ALBThrA1318ALBThrST1AAAlbThrB36BALbThrST1BAAlbThr

ST1CAAlbThrOK12CAlbThr

ST1DAAlbThrST1EAAlbThrOK12AAlbThrOK12BAlbThrOLS16BAAlbThrA2395ALBThr

AF090745AstrA1319ALBThrAY026393Aalhohe

AF090743AmacAF090744Athess

AF090746Abelvica1338GALBThr rep1337GALBtHRr epA2930AlbGlu1335GAlbThr1341GAlbThr1332GAlbThr1336GAlbThr1339GAlbThr1340GAlbThr rep

Zet104ZetaZet105Zeta

Zet4ZetaA243PhoxThrA30AlbThrA35AlbThrA37ScALbThrBos762AlbThrA58ScAlbThrBos761AlbThrA125ScALbThrBos763AlbThrA41ScALbThrALS6AlbThrA244AlbThrBos741AlbThr

Als1AlbThrA3PhoxThrA2929PhoxThrA2931ALBThrA2932AlbThrA2933ALBThrA2934AlbThrA2935AlbThrA512ScAlbThrA461ScALbThrA2938ALS4AlbThrBos738AlbThrBos739AlbThrBos740AlbThrA2936AlbThrA2937AlbThrBos764AlbThrA2939AlbThrA126ScALbThr

A31AlbThrA32AlbThrA511ScAlbThrALS5AlbThrA33AlbThrA59ScAlbThrA42ScALbThrA54AlbThr

AY026390AescherichAF095602Afilippi

AY026394ChachalcAY838935ChachalcB10BAlbThr

AY838936AbalikiAY026391Aorontis

0.1

1/94

1/80

1/961/99

1/99

0.99/100

1/100

0.55/61

1/100

0.75/55

1/99

1/97

1/96

1/85

A. scoranza

A. belvica

A. neretvae

A. alburnus

A. chalcoides

A. cf. alborella

A. filippii

A. escherichii

A. baliki, A. orontis

A. hohenackeri, A. macedonicus, A. thessalicus

Alburnus

Conclusions

Chondrostoma:

• populations from Ohrid –Drim–Skadar System and basins of

Albania

- form a separate clade with high haplotype diversity

- do not belong to C. vardarense or C. nasus

- most related to C. prespense

• populations from north Mediterranean related to Asian

species

Alburnus:

• well resolved relationships within studied taxa

• population from Neretva (Croatia) is a new species

• the status of the species from the Aegean Sea basin is

unclear

Acknowledgements

These studies were supported by the research grant of

the National Museum in Prague and SYNTHESYS

projects, conducted in Museo Nacional de Ciencias

Naturales in Madrid.