Upload File

genes code for a trait. a version of a gene is called an allele you have two copies of each gene,...

  • Home
  • Documents
  • Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome
17
Mendelian Genetics Genetics- STUDY OF HOW PARENTS PASS TRAITS ON TO THEIR OFFSPRING

Upload: conrad-davis

Post on 31-Dec-2015

215 views

Category:

Documents


2 download

Report

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

Mendelian Genetics

Genetics- STUDY OF HOW PARENTS PASS TRAITS ON TO THEIR OFFSPRING

Page 2: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

• Genes code for a trait. • A version of a gene is called an allele• You have two copies of each gene, one from

each parent.

Autosomal HomologousChromosome #8

Gene Allele Allele

Shoe Nike Vans

Soda Pepsi Sprite

Eye Color Brown Blue

Height Tall Short

From

MOMFrom DAD

Brown Eyes

TallShort

Blue Eyes

Page 3: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

The sry gene controls testicular development and is only found in males. Which chromosome is it most likely found on?

A) On any autosomal chromosome (1-22) B) On Chromosome #8 C) On the X Sex Chromosome D) On the Y Sex Chromosome

Page 4: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

The sry gene controls testicular development and is only found in males. Which chromosome is it most likely found on?

A) On any autosomal chromosome (1-22) B) On Chromosome #8 C) On the X Sex Chromosome D) On the Y Sex Chromosome

Page 5: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

Two words to know:

• Genotype: The genes or combination of alleles shown by two letters. (Tt, TT, tt, Rr, RR, rr, CC, Cc, cc)

• Phenotype: How an organism looks like (Tall, short, Round, Squared, Colorblind, Not Colorblind)

– Phenotype: Physical Features!!! – Genotype: Genes!!

Page 6: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

• If a boy inherits an allele for brown eyes and another for blue eyes, what will his eye color be?

• Some alleles are dominant, meaning they block the expression of the other allele. Dominant alleles are CAPITALIZED! The allele that is not dominant is called recessive (lower case letter)

Brown Eyes (B) Blue Eyes (b)

MOM DAD

Dominant Recessive

Page 7: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

Homozygous: genotype with two same alleles for a trait

(Example: TT, tt)

Heterozygous: genotype with two different alleles for a trait (Example: Tt)

2 more words to know

Page 8: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

Gene: Eye ColorB = Brown eyesb= blue eyes

BB = Homozygous Dominant (Genotype)Phenotype? Brown Eye Color

Bb = Heterozygous Dominant (Genotype)Phenotype? Brown Eye Color

bb = Homozygous Recessive (Genotype)Phenotype? Blue Eye Color

Page 9: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

Write Question and Answer: Pg 140

1. Are the following genotypes Homozygous or Heterozygous

TT __Homozygous___Tt _______________Aa _______________DD_______________

Page 10: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

2. Is it a genotype or a phenotype?

Aa _________________Eye Color ____________Nose Shape __________RR _____________

Page 11: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

3. Is the genotype homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, or heterozygous?

AA _____________________Aa _____________________Ee _____________________ee _____________________

Page 12: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

4. A rabbit that has the trait for black fur is dominant over white fur. If B= Black fur and b = white fur, what is the phenotype of the following genotypes:

BB ____Black fur____Bb________________bb _______________

Page 13: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

The Famous Punnett Square• Used to predict the traits of an offspring. EX: What is the probability or what is the chance that my child will have brown eyes? • You need mom and dad’s genotypes to figure

this out.

Page 14: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

Mom is homozygous dominant for brown eyes. Dad is heterozygous for that gene. Find the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the

offspring. (Brown eyes is dominant over blue eyes)

BB BB

Bb Bb

B B

B

b

Possible Genotype:

2/4 BB or 50% BB2/4 Bb or 50% Bb

Possible Phenotypes: 100% Brown Eyes

Page 15: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

Homer is homozygous recessive for the spiky hair allele. Marge is heterozygous for the spiky hair allele. S is spiky hair, s is non-spiky hair. Find the possible genotypes and phenotypes

of the offspring.

Ss Ss

ss ss

s s

S

s

Possible Genotype:

2/4 Ss or 50% Ss2/4 ss or 50% ss

Possible Phenotypes: 50% Spiky Hair50% Non-spiky hair

Page 16: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

What is a Carrier?

Page 17: Genes code for a trait. A version of a gene is called an allele You have two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Autosomal Homologous Chromosome

Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder. It is a sex-linked recessive trait. Hemophiliacs tend to bleed inside their body, especially in the knees, ankles, and elbows. This bleeding can damage organs and tissues and may be life threatening. A wife is a carrier, the male has hemophilia.

What is the probability that a baby girl will have hemophilia? ___/____ or _______% What is the probability that a baby boy will have hemophilia? ___/____ or _______% What is the probability that the next child will NOT have hemophilia? ___/____ or _______%


Mendel studied autosomal gene traits The “either-or” traits that were seen in your tutorial. Genes found on autosomes (1-22 for humans) = autosomal

Beta Thalassemia Fact Sheet - Bristol-Myers SquibbBeta thalassemia is usually inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, which means both copies of the HBB gene in each cell have

Mutations in the Gene Encoding the RER Protein FKBP65 Cause Autosomal-Recessive Osteogenesis Imperfecta Yasemin Alanay, Hrispima Avaygan, Natalia Camacho,

Autosomal Disorders

Autosomal Aberrations

Pax2 gene dosage influences cystogenesis in autosomal ...zhou-lab.bwh.harvard.edu/Pdf/stayner_Pax2 HMG06.pdf · Pax2 gene dosage influences cystogenesis in autosomal dominant polycystic

Review — Gene therapy in animal models of autosomal ... · is under way to test the efficacy of the protein deacetylase ... Review — Gene therapy in animal models of autosomal

Review What is an allele? What is a gene? Define phenotype. Define genotype. Each person inherits two Each person inherits two alleles for each gene, one

Human Heredity and Single Gene Disorders. Autosomal? These types of gene disorders are only found in chromosome pairs 1-22

1 Two copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype Mendel studied autosomal gene traits (these genes are on autosomes), like hair texture. The “either-or”

Autosomal Inheritance · Autosomal Inheritance Bio 40S - Kelvin. Autosomal Traits A trait expressed by a gene located ... Remember, the dominant gene masks the expression of the recessive

The Gene for Autosomal Dominant Cerebellar Ataxia Type 11 Is

Autosomal Dominant Inheritance Autosomal dominant inheritance occurs when one copy of an allele is sufficient for expression of a trait and the gene is

Untersuchungen zur Expression der murinen Gene Pkd1 und ... · Die Autosomal Dominante Polyzystische Nierenkrankheit (ADPKD) ist eine der häufigsten monogentischen, heriditären

Suppression and Replacement Gene Therapy for Autosomal ... · rhodopsin-linked autosomal dominant retinitis pigmen-tosa with over 150 mutations in the rhodopsin gene. Validation of

Autosomal Pedigrees

Autosomal recessive GJA1 (Cx43) gene mutations cause … · recent clinical presentations and genetic screens have revealed two (R76H and R33X) autosomal recessive mutations linked

autosomal trisomies

Sex Determination - FLY LAB - Homethe critical gene in Drosophila sex determination, the autosomal locus Sex-lethal (Sxl) •The Sxl gene has two promoters. The early promoter is active

autosomal dominan

Autosomal Gen

Single-gene disorders - WordPress.com...•It is autosomal dominant –but there’s a twist. •The normal HTT gene has a bunch of trinucleotide repeats. •The mutated HTT gene has

X-CHROMOSOMAL/ AUTOSOMAL-REZESSIV/ AUTOSOMAL … · COL4A5-Gen. Ein autosomal-rezessiver und autosomal-dominanter Erbgang mit Mutationen in den Genen COL4A3 und COL4A4 sind deut-lich

Natural History of Achondroplasia Autosomal Dominant Gene Mutation

Early astrocytosis in autosomal dominant …uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:878515/FULLTEXT01.pdfStudying autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease (ADAD), caused by gene mutations

Autosomal dominant autosomal recessive X-linked dominant X-linked

Autosomal Recessive, Autosomal Dominant, and X-linked ...birdmanscience.weebly.com/uploads/5/6/5/7/56574945/disorders... · Autosomal Recessive Autosomal Dominant X-Iinked recessive

CHAPTER 7 EXTENDING MENDELIAN GENETICS. SECTION 1 CHROMOSOMES AND PHENOTYPES Two copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype. One copy comes from the

Freshman Biology Semester Two. Autosomal Dominant/Recessive Gene for Trait is found on a autosome Can be dominant or recessive Sex-linked Gene

Gene in an Extended Family with Inheritance of Autosomal ... › public › Resources › General › ... · Ravi Kumar Reddy Kondareddy – [email protected] *Corresponding

Autosomal Dominant and Autosomal Recessive Disordersdocs.neu.edu.tr/staff/huseyin.cagsin/Autosomal Dominant and Autosomal... · Introduction •Reminders on how to read a pedigree

Aminotrasferase (TAT) Gene Mutations Among Palestinian ... (TAT) Gene Mutations Among...Tyrosinemia type II, known as Richner-Hanhart syndrome (RHS), is a rare autosomal recessive

Orthodontics and Genetics - SciELO · tion that it follows an autosomal dominant Mende-lian mode of inheritance (monogenic or single gene). The perception that one gene with a main

BIOLOGY Topic 8. Topic Outline Meiosis Dihybrid Crosses Autosomal Gene Linkage Polygenic Inheritance HOME

Supplementary Information for: Disruption of the P2RY5 Gene in … · Supplementary Information for: Disruption of the P2RY5 Gene in Humans Underlies Autosomal Recessive Woolly Hair