general lecture - youth opertiunities

8/14/2019 General Lecture - Youth Opertiunities

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1-1 Employability skills 1-2 Professional 1-3 1-4 Professional Liability

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1-1 New Employability Skills


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9.9.

Learning SocietyLearning Society

8.8. Innovation qualititesInnovation qualitites

7.7. Quality CultureQuality Culture

6.6.

Enterpreneurial CultureEnterpreneurial Culture

5.5. Enabling legislationEnabling legislation

4.4.

Institutional Building o HighInstitutional Building o HighPerformance OrganizationsPerformance Organizations

3.3.

Developing Employability skillsDeveloping Employability skills

2.2. Modern Education SystemModern Education System

1.1. National DreamNational Dream


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Years Days

Time to adjust Magnitude of Technological change

Small Large

Cultures

Strategies

Organizationl Structures

Procedures

Skills


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Experience

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Abilities)Mental & Physical(

Skills

Values & Rules

Context Information


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1.1. Know what Know what learning that there is something that we can learning that there is something that we can

access is of course a precondition or undertaking other learningaccess is of course a precondition or undertaking other learningprocesses to actually absorb and use it.processes to actually absorb and use it.2.2. Know why Know why by which we mean knowledge of basic scientific by which we mean knowledge of basic scientific

and technological principles for the solution of problems.and technological principles for the solution of problems.3.3. Know who Know who by which we mean specific and selective social by which we mean specific and selective social

knowledge learning and knowing who the relevant people areknowledge learning and knowing who the relevant people arefor the solution of problems.for the solution of problems.4.4. Know how Know how by which we mean practical skills and by which we mean practical skills and

capabilities, covering skills, and all aspects of productioncapabilities, covering skills, and all aspects of productioncapabilities and marketing.capabilities and marketing.

Professional must have the ability to learn and acquire knowledgeProfessional must have the ability to learn and acquire knowledgealong the four main dimensions:along the four main dimensions:


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Critical Employability Skills

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1.

2. :

2-1 Basic Skills2-2 Higher-Order Thinking Skills2-3 Affective Skills and Traits

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Basic Skills

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1.1. Oral CommunicationsOral Communications

2.2. Reading, especially understanding & following instructionsReading, especially understanding & following instructions

3.3. Basic arithmeticBasic arithmetic

4.4. WritingWriting


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Higher-Order Thinking Skills

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1.1.

Problem SolvingProblem Solving

2.2. Learning Skills, StrategiesLearning Skills, Strategies

3.3. Creative, Innovative thinkingCreative, Innovative thinking

4.4. Design MakingDesign Making


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Affective Skills and Traits

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1.1. Dependability /ResponsibilityDependability /Responsibility2.2. Positive attitude toward workPositive attitude toward work3.3. Conscientiousness, punctuality, efficiencyConscientiousness, punctuality, efficiency4.4. Interpersonal skills, cooperation, working as a team member Interpersonal skills, cooperation, working as a team member 5.5. Self confidence, positive self imageSelf confidence, positive self image

6.6. Adaptability, flexibilityAdaptability, flexibility7.7. Enthusiasm, motivationEnthusiasm, motivation8.8. Self-discipline, self-managementSelf-discipline, self-management9.9. Appropriate dress, groomingAppropriate dress, grooming10.10. Honesty, integrityHonesty, integrity11.11. Ability to work without supervisionAbility to work without supervision

VitalVital


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Core Professional Competencies 8

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1.1. Analytical SkillsAnalytical Skills

2.2. Communication SkillsCommunication Skills

3.3. Creative Problem-SolvingCreative Problem-Solving

4.4. Life-Long LearningLife-Long Learning


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5.5. Project ManagementProject Management

6.6. Research SkillsResearch Skills

7.7. Systems ThinkingSystems Thinking

8.8. Team WorkTeam Work

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Core Professional Competencies 8

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. 1937

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:Professionals

Certification & Accreditation

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Single Career: Knowledge Manager Engagement Manager System Analyst ICT Manager

Portfolio Career:Instead of working a traditional full-time job, you work multiplepart-time jobs.

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Obsolescence of Professionals

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!Moores Law RulesFor the past 40 years: available computing power d oubles every 18 months (at constant or declining cost)The singing greeting card contains more computingpower than existed on earth in 1950

Sony Playstations processor would have cost $3 millionin mainframe form in 1980

If autos developed like microprocessors,todays fastest car would travel 100,000mph and cost ten cents. [They would also

periodically and without warning crash &burn, killing everyone inside!]


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2-1 2-2

2-3 2-4

2


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:: ++ ++

Mass productionMass production Economy of ScaleEconomy of Scale

:: ++ ++

Software controlledSoftware controlled ScopeScope

EconomyEconomyof Scopeof Scope

1 21 2


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Techno-Factory Closeto the Market

Manufacturing

ProgramsElectronicElectronic

distributiondistribution

The MainFactory

PRODUCTS

1-21-2

1 21 2


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BODBOD::)Books on Demands()Books on Demands( )) ))

!!!!!!

::

FurnitureFurniture ClothesClothes CosmeticsCosmetics

2-21-1

1 21 2


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Time Competition Company sizeCompany size

time-to-markettime-to-market

Companies Success Stories:Companies Success Stories:Xoom E BayXoom E Bay

Yahoo Amazon Yahoo AmazonGo2NetGo2Net

2-21-1


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2-2

-- OrganizationOrganizationHierarchyHierarchy

-- :: )) ))

::

demarcat ion linedemarcation line

AgilityAgility

Agile ManufacturingAgile Manufacturing


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2-3 New Definition of Work

Part-time work Part-time work Temporary work Temporary work Limited ContractsLimited ContractsTelework Telework

FreelancingFreelancing


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2-4 The Age of the Standard

:: )Guidelines( )Code(

)Specifications( ::


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3-1 3-2 3-3 4-3 Merge & Acquisition

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New Definition of competitiveness New Form of Industrial Organization: mass Customization:

- Product heterogeneity and innovation, enhanced levels of product quality without sacrificing price competitiveness

- The introduction of new forms of work organization involvingteam-working and effective flow of information

- The search of economies of scope rather thaneconomies of scale

- The pursuit of systemic optimization in efficiency, involvingteams of workers, interlinked plants, closer obligational tiesbetween firms in the production chain, and collaborationbetween firms in the same sector in technology, marketingand other activities.

Understanding Organizations as Learning Systems

3-1 Paradigmatic Change and The Role of Industrial Organization


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3-2 Competitiveness

A key to the development of A key to the development of the strategy is a clearthe strategy is a clearunderstanding of the natureunderstanding of the natureof global economicof global economicdevelopment, involving newdevelopment, involving newstandards of price andstandards of price andproduct competition, bothproduct competition, bothbecause we need to competebecause we need to competein the external markets andin the external markets and

to be able to face increasingto be able to face increasing


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2-3 Competitiveness

ON THE MICRO LEVEL:ON THE MICRO LEVEL:Competitiveness refers to the capacity of a firm to compete, grow,and to be profitable in the Marketplace.

ON THE MACRO LEVEL:ON THE MACRO LEVEL:Competitiveness is the degree to which, under open marketconditions, a country can produce goods and services that earns arising standard of living.

The New Form of Production and Management is characterized byThe New Form of Production and Management is characterized bythe fact that PRODUCTIVITY and COMPETITIVENESS arethe fact that PRODUCTIVITY and COMPETITIVENESS are

increasingly based on the generation of NEW KNOWLEDGE.increasingly based on the generation of NEW KNOWLEDGE.


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4

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(Economy of(scale

)Economy of) scope

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New Materials

Biotechnology

Specialty

ChemicalsSoftware

Paints

The Quality Index of economic activities is an attempt to rank their ability to provide Competitiveness: their ability toincrease a nations standard of living while being micro-economically competitive in an open economy.

The system may be visualized with new activities entering at the top through new innovations, falling to the bottom

towards the prefect competition situation with a speed that depend on external factors. Reich, Robert, But Now Were Global. The Times Literary Supplement, 1990

Innovation Scale

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1. Innovation drives economic vitality:Traditional theories of economic growth identify two principaldrivers of productivity: labor an capital. Robort Solow, MITchallenges this model and demonstrates that technology is athird major driver of productivity .

Index of the MassachusettsInnovation Economy, Ma Tech.

Collaborative, 1999www.mtpc.org/the index

2. The history of trade through the port cities has drasticallychanged to enable any community, firm or institution to be aport city. This shift is due to the fact the product of greatestvalue is what comes from human mind our intellect.

Porter, A., The Knowledge SeekersIC2 Institute, Austin, 1998

4-2 Knowledge-based Economy


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2-4 Knowledge-based Economy

1. The world is moving toward making knowledge andinformation the primary currency of exchange.

2. Knowledge is the ultimate renewable resource that can bereplicated without limit.Barry Sugarman, MIT in Notes Towards a closer Collaborationbetween organization theory, learning orgnaizations andorganizational learning in search for New Paradigm.http://learning.mit.edu:80/res/kr

1. The Internet economy has in only five years grown to the century-oldindustries like energy, automobiles and telecommunications.

University of Texas Research, 1999 In [email protected]

4. Schwartz, E., Author a book on Webnomics, NY Broadway Books, 1997.


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4-3 :

material goods vsmaterial goods vsinformationinformation productsproducts

ObsolescencObsolescencee


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Informatisation

GoodsGoods DataData ::

voice mailvoice mail answeringanswering

machinemachine.. !!!! )one time development cost()one time development cost(


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Matter is less importantProcessing information is more powerful and cost-effective than movingphysical productsCompanys assets increasingly intangible

Space is shrinking: Global interconnectivity with customers and competitorsmeans death of distance

Time is collapsing: Instant responsiveness; culture of constant change

Growth is accelerated by networks: First-mover critical mass leads to increasingreturns

Company and Customer Value rises exponentially with market shareNetwork effect of establishing a platform or standardGive away an offering to gain market share, e.g. Netscape

: The Emerging Economy


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Efficiency multiplies through infomediaries

Market power is shifting to buyers: Instant comparison shopping, e.g.mysimon.com

Impulse economy: Click to purchase closes gaps between marketing,sales and fulfillment

Transactions : One-to-one, instant personalization and customization

For example, design your own jeans at Gap.com People are central: Companys major assets walk out the door every

evening

: The Emerging Economy


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5-2 5-3 Stratification

5-5 5-6

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1500-1840

1850-1930

1950s

1960s

Best average speed ofhorse-drawn coaches and

sailing ships, 10mph.

Steam locomotives average65mph. Steamships average

36mph.

Propelleraircraft 300-

400 mph.Jet passengeraircraft 500-

700mph.

The Shrinking GlobeThe Shrinking Globe

?Is Distance Dead?Is Distance Dead

%98

%50

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The death of distanceThe death of distance as a determinant of the cost of

communications will probably be the single most economic force shaping society in the first half of the next century. It will alter, in ways that are only dimly imaginable , decisions about where people live and

work; concepts of national borders; patterns of international trade. Its effects will be as pervasive asthe discovery of electricity

The Economist

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In the Globalization Era:In the Globalization Era:Trade and investment barriers aredisappearing.

Perceived distances are shrinking due toadvances in transportation andtelecommunications.

Material culture is beginning to look similar.National economies merging into aninterdependent global economic system.

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It is the shift towards a more integrated and

interdependent world economy Two components:

The globalization of markets

The globalization of production

Globalization ShiftGlobalization Shift

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Globalization of ProductionGlobalization of Production

Refers to sourcing of goods and services fromlocations around the world to take advantage of

Differences in cost or quality of the factors of production

Labor LandCapital

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Globalization of MarketsGlobalization of Markets

The merging of distinctlyseparate national markets into aglobal marketplace

Tastes and preferences converge onto a globalnormFirms offer standardized products worldwidecreating a world market

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Impact of Globalization 1Impact of Globalization 1Economic: Global economic integration can be a powerful forcefor increasing incomes and hence improving healthand other aspects of welfare.

Political:Political: The emergence of transnational systems andinstitutions, many more powerful than nation states,are a powerful influences of countries social and

economic conditions.

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Impact of Globalization 2Impact of Globalization 2Health:Health: The globalization of the food supply also carries arisk. Case in point: a recent outbreak of gastrointestinal illness that ultimately was traced toa meat packing plant in Aylmer Ontario.

Cultural:Cultural: Homogenizing effect of cultures by corporatehegemonies

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Emergence of GlobalEmergence of GlobalInstitutionsInstitutionsGlobalization has created the needfor institutions to help manage,regulate and police the globalmarketplace

GATTWTOIMFWorld bankUnited Nations

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Globalization and theGlobalization and theWorlds PoorWorlds PoorCritics argue that globalization has not

helped poor1870: per capita income of 17 richest nations was 2.4x that of all other countries.1990: it was 4.5x larger.

Other factors may have influenced thegap

Totalitarian governments.Economic policies that destroyed wealth creation.Little protection of property rights.Expanding populations.War.

%20 86% :

225 $ trillion 1 42% )2.5 )

:

George, Suran (2003) Globalizing rights in Gibney, M (Editor): Globalizing

rights: Oxford Amnesty Lectures 1999. Oxford; Oxford University Press

/ 181:2

19651:30 1:70

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Social ImplicationsSocial ImplicationsLarge technological transfer + cheapinformation technology: knowledge diffusionIncrease of skilled laborLeapfrog development steps: high-speedtransition towards a service economyEconomic efficiency economic growth poverty reductionWesternization of governance: gender

issues / democracy

Convergence of income / labor standards

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Globalization & Culture: TheGlobalization & Culture: TheStory So FarStory So Far

Cultural HomogenizationCultural Homogenization

Cultural ImperialismCultural ImperialismMcdonaldizationMcdonaldizationCoca-ColonizationCoca-ColonizationAmericanizationAmericanizationWesternizationWesternization


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general lecture - youth opertiunities

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