general aptitude · gate-2019 original paper – cse/1 general aptitude q. 1 – q. 5 carry one...

GATE-2019 ORIGINAL PAPER – CSE/1

GENERAL APTITUDE Q. 1 – Q. 5 carry one mark each. 1. Two cars start at the same time from the same location and go in the same direction. The speed of

the first car is 50 km/h and the speed of the second car is 60 km/h. The number of hours it takes for the distance between the two cars to be 20 km is _____.

(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 6 (D) 3 Sol. Let the required time be t hours. Distance travelled by the two cars in t hours are 50t km and 60t km respectively. Given that, 60t – 50t = 20

t = 2 hours. Choice (A) 2. The search engine’s business model ______ around the fulcrum of trust. (A) revolves (B) sinks (C) plays (D) bursts

Sol. Option (A). The word in the given blank is to be filled with the correct verb that collocates with the preposition ‘around’. The correct collocation would be ‘revolve around’. Choice (A)

3. The expenditure on the project ______ as follows: equipment Rs. 20 lakhs, salaries Rs. 12 lakhs, and contingency Rs. 3 lakhs.

(A) break down (B) break (C) breaks down (D) breaks

Sol. Option (C). To make the verb agree with the subject ‘the expenditure’, singular, the verb has to be ‘breaks’. The phrasal verb ‘breaks down’ may mean stop functioning/become expect/to separate into parts. Choice (C)

4. Ten friends planned to share equally the cost of buying a gift for their teacher. When two of them decided not to contribute, each of the other friends had to pay Rs. 150 more. The cost of the gift was Rs. ______.

(A) 3000 (B) 6000 (C) 12000 (D) 666 Sol. Let the cost of the gift be G. The average cost for each of the 10 students is G/10. When two students did not contribute, the average cost for each of the other 8 students is G/8

Given that, G

8−

G

10= 150 G = 150 × 40 i.e. = 6000 Choice (B)


5. A court is to judge as _____ is to a teacher. (A) a school (B) a syllabus (C) a student (D) a punishment Sol. A court is a place where the judge practices his or her profession; similarly, school is a place

where a teacher practices ‘teaching’. Choice (A) Q. 6 – Q. 10 carry two marks each. 6. In the given diagram, teachers are represented in the triangle, researchers in the circle and

administrators in the rectangle. Out of the total number of the people, the percentage of administrators shall be in the range of ______.

(A) 0 to 15 (B) 31 to 45 (C) 16 to 30 (D) 46 to 60 Sol. The total number of people = 70 + 10 + 20 + 20 + 40 = 160. The administrators are 50. Therefore, the percentage of administrators would be (50/160) x 100 = 31.25%.

Choice (B)

7. “A recent High Court judgement has sought to dispel the idea of begging as a disease ______ which

leads to its stigmatization and criminalization _______ and to regard it as a symptom. The underlying disease is the failure of the state to protect citizens who fall through the social security net.”

Which one of the following statements can be inferred from the given passage? (A) Beggars are created because of the lack of social welfare schemes (B) Begging has to be banned because it adversely affects the welfare of the state (C) Begging is an offence that has to be dealt with firmly (D) Beggars are lazy people who beg because they are unwilling to work

Sol. Only statement (1) conforms to the idea conveyed in the passage—dispelling of the idea that

begging is a disease. Statement (1) tries to highlight the cause of the begging rather than castigating the practice like the other statements do. Choice (A)


8. In a college, there are three student clubs. Sixty students are only in the Drams club, 80 students

are only in the Dance club, 30 students are only in the Maths clubs, 40 students are in both Drama and Dance clubs, 12 students are in both ‘dance and Maths clubs, 7 students are in both Drama and Maths clubs, and 2 students are in all the clubs. If 75% of the students in the college are not in any of these clubs, then the total number of students in the college is _____.

(A) 900 (B) 975 (C) 225 (D) 1000

Sol. The given data can be represented in the form of venn diagram as follows.

The total number of students in any of these clubs are: 60 + 38 + 2 + 5 + 10 + 80 + 30 = 225 Given 25% of the students are in any of the clubs. 25% = 225

100% = 900 Choice (A) 9. Three of the five students allocated to a hostel put in special requests to the warden. Given the floor

plan of the vacant rooms, select the allocation plan that will accommodate all their requests. Request by X : D to pollen allergy. I want to avoid a wing next to the garden. Request by Y : I want to live as far from the washrooms as possible, since I an very sensitive to

smell. Request by Z : I believe in Vaastu and so want to stay in the South-west wing The shaded rooms are already occupied. WR is washroom.

(A) (B)

80 60

30

7 – 2 12 – 2

40 – 2

2

Drama Dance

Maths

N E

W S

Ga

rde

n

Ga

rde

n

Entrance

WR Z

WR X

Y

N E

W S

Ga

rde

n

Ga

rde

n

Entrance

WR

WR X Y

Z


(C) (D) Sol. Choice (C) is eliminated as X is placed beside garden. Choices (A) and (B) can be eliminated

as Z is not accommodated in south-west zone. Hence, Choice (D) is the suitable plan for everyone. Choice (D)

10. The police arrested four criminals – P, Q, R, and S. The criminals knew each other. They made the

following statements: P says “Q committed the crime.” Q says “S committed the crime.” R says “I did not do it.” S says “What Q said about me is false.”

Assume only one of the arrested four committed the crime and only one of the statements made above is true. Who committed the crime?

(A) S (B) P (C) R (D) Q Sol. Assume P’s statement is true. Then Q would be committing the crime. However, as R’s

statement is false, he should be committing the crime. Hence, P’s statement cannot be true. On the similar grounds, Q’s statement also cannot be true. If R’s statement is true, it implies that Q’s statement is false. However, this makes S’s

statement true. Hence, R’s statement cannot be true. Hence, S’s statement must be true. Therefore, as R’s statement is false, R is the one who

committed the crime. Choice (C)

N E

W S

Ga

rde

n

Ga

rde

n

Entrance

WR X

WR

Z

Y

N E

W S

Ga

rde

n

Ga

rde

n

Entrance

WR

WR X

Y

Z


COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING

Q. 1 – Q. 25 carry one mark each.

1. Consider Z = X – Y, where X, Y and Z are all in sign-magnitude form. X and Y are each represented in n bits. To avoid overflow, the representation of Z would require a minimum of :

(A) n bits (B) n + 2 bits (C) n + 1bits (D) n – 1 bits Sol. Z = X-Y X is n-bit sign magnitude number Y is n-bit sign magnitude number To avoid overflow, the representation of Z would require a minimum of n + 1 bits Choice (C)

2. The chip select logic for a certain DRAM chip in a memory system design is shown below. Assume that the memory system has 16 address lines denoted by A15 to A0. What is the range of addresses (in hexadecimal) of the memory system that can get enabled by the chip select (CS) signal?

(A) CA00 to CAFF (B) C800 to CFFF (C) C800 to C8FF (D) DA00 to DFFF

Sol.

A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 ---

A4 A3 A2 A1 A0

1 1 0 0 1 ---

0 0 0 0 0 C800H

.

.

.

1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 CFFFH

Choice (B)


3. For = {a, b}, let us consider the regular language L = { x | x = a2 + 3k or

x = b10 + 12k, k 0}. Which one of the following can be a pumping length (the constant guaranteed by the pumping lemma) for L?

(A) 5 (B) 3 (C) 24 (D) 9

Sol. If L is a regular language, then there is a number P (the pumping length) such that S is any string in L of length P or more can be written as S = xyz, satisfying the following conditions.

for each i ≥ 0, xyi z ∊ L,

|𝑦| > 0 and |𝑥𝑦| ≤ P

So we need to find the minimum length string s= xyz ∊ L

such that xyiz should also be L. L = {a2, a5, a8, a11…….} Here we can take pumping length as 3. OR L = {b10, b22, b34…….} Here, the pumping length can be 12. If we take pumping length as 24, in every repetition we will get multiple of 3 and 12. Choice (C)

4. Let X be a square matrix. Consider the following two statements on X. I. X is invertible II. Determinant of X in non-zero.

Which one of the following is TRUE? (A) II implies I; I does not imply II. (B) I implies II; II does not imply I. (C) I does not imply II; II does not imply I. (D) I and II are equivalent statement. Sol. We know that a square matrix X is invertible if and only if determinant of X is non-zero

I and II are equivalent statements Choice (D)

5. Which one of the following is NOT a valid identity?

(A) x y = x + y, if xy = 0

(B) (x y) z = x (y z)

(C) (x + y) z = x (y +z)

(D) x y = (xy + xy)

Sol. (x + y) z = x (y + z) is not a valid statement. Choice (C)

6. Which one of the following kinds of derivation is used by LR parsers? (A) Leftmost in reverse (B) Leftmost (C) Rightmost in reverse (D) Rightmost Sol. LR parser is a bottom up parser. Bottom up parser uses reverse of right most derivation.

Choice (C)


ip

100 100

•

7. Two numbers are chosen independently and uniformly at random from the set {1, 2, ……13}.

The probability (rounded off to 3 decimal places) that their 4-bit (unsigned) binary representation have the same most significant bit is _____.

Sol. Given that, two numbers are chosen independently and uniformly from the set. That means we have to select two numbers, one after the other, with replacement. In the given set, there are 7 numbers with most significant bit 0 and 6 numbers with most

significant bit 1.

Required probability = 7.7

13+

6.6

13

= 0.503 Ans: 0.502 to 0.504 8. Consider a sequence of 14 elements; A = [–5 , –10, 6, 3, –1, –2, 13, 4, –9, –1, 4, 12, –3, 0].

The subsequence sum s(i, j), where 0 i j < 14. (Divide and conquer approach may be used.)

Sol. A[–5, –10, 6, 3, –1, –2, 13, 4, –9, –1, 4, 12, –3, 0]

Max (S(i, j)) = S(2, 11) = ∑ 𝐴[𝑘]11𝑘=2 = 29 Ans: 29

9. Consider the following C program: #include <stdio.h> int main( ) { int arr [ ] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, 1, 2, 5}, *ip = arr + 4; printf("%d\n”, ip[1]; return 0; } The number that will be displayed on execution of the program is _____. Sol.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

arr 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 5

Ans: 6

10. Consider the following two statements about database transaction schedules: I. Strict two-phase locking protocol generates conflict serializable schedules that are also

recoverable. II. Timestamp-ordering concurrency control protocol with Thomas’ Write Rule can generate

view serializable schedules that are not conflict serializable. (A) II only (B) I only (C) Both I and II (D) Neither I nor II

Sol. The strict two- phase locking protocol guarantees strict schedules (strict schedules are conflict serializable.)

The Timestamp – ordering concurrency control with Thomas Write Rule does not enforce conflict serializability.

The given both statements are true. Choice (C)


11. Consider the following C program: #include <stdio.h> int jumble (int x. int y) { x = 2 *x + y; return x; } int main ( ) { int x = 2, y = 5; y = jumble (y, x); x = jumble (y, x); printf(“%d \n”, x); return 0; }

The value printed by the program is _____.

Sol . Ans: 26

12. A certain processor uses a fully associative cache of size 16 kB. The cache block size 16 bytes. Assume that the main memory is byte addressable and uses a 32-bit address. How many bits are required for the Tag and the Index fields respectively in the addresses generated by the processor?

(A) 28 bits and 4 bits (B) 28 bits and 0 bits (C) 24 bits and 4 bits (D) 24 bits and 0 bits

Sol. cache block size = 16 Bytes

= 24 B Block offset = 4 bits Fully associative cache size = 16 kB

In fully associative cache, there is no any index. Indexing requires 0 bits and Tag bits = 28. Choice (B)

2

26

x

main

5

12

y

5

12

x

jumble y gets updated

2 y

12 x jumble

x gets updated

2 y

28 bits 4 bits

TAG Byte offset


13. The value of 351 mod 5 is _____.

Sol. We have to find 351 mod 5 31 mod 5 = 3 32 mod 5 = 4 33 mod 5 = 2 34 mod 5 = 1 35 mod 5 = 3 36 mod 5 = 4 37 mod 5 = 2 38 mod 5 = 1

In general 34m mod5 = 1 for mz+

351 mod 5 = 34 12 + 3 mod 5 = 33 mod 5 = 2 Ans: 2

14. Let G be an arbitrary group. Consider the following relations on G:

R1 : a, b G, a R1b if and only if

g G such that a = g-1bg

R2 : a, b G, a R2b if and only if

a = b-1 Which of the above is/are equivalence relation/relations? (A) Neither R1

-nor R2 (B) R2 only (C) R1 only (D) R1 and R2

Sol. G is an arbitrary group

a R1 b g G, a = g–1 bg Consider g = e (the identity element) and b = a.

a = e–1 ae

a R1 a , a G.

R1 is reflexive.

Let a R1 b g G, a = g–1 bg

g a g-1 = g (g-1 bg) g-1

= (g g-1) b (g g-1) = e b e

b = g a g-1 = (g-1)–1 a g-1

b R1 a

R1 is symmetric.

Let a R1 b g1 G, a = g1–1 bg1

and let b R1 c g2 G, b = g2–1 c g2

Consider a = g1–1 bg1

= g1–1 (g2

–1 c g2) g1 = (g1

–1 g2–1) c (g2 g1)

a = (g2 g1)–1 c (g2 g1) a R1 c

R1 is transitive. Hence R1 is an equivalence relation.

Given a R2 b a = b–1

In every group G, a need not be equal to a–1, a G

aR2a

R2 is Not reflexive Hence R2 is Not an equivalence relation Choice (C)


15. Let U = {1, 2, ……n}, Let A = {(x, X)|x X, X U}. Consider the following two statements on |A|.

I. |A| = n2n – 1

II. |A| = ∑ k (n

k)n

k=1

Which of the above statement is/are TRUE? (A) Only II (B) Only I (C) Both I and II (D) Neither I nor II Sol. Given U = {1, 2, …,n}

And A = {(x, X) | x X, X U}

|A| = The number of ordered pairs of A.

For different number of elements in X U, the number of ordered pairs of the type (x, X), x X can be tabulated as follows.

Number of elements x in X Number of subsets

X of U

Number of ordered pairs

(x, X) where x X

1 nc1 1 . nc1

2 nc2 2 . nc2

3 nc3 3 . nc3

.

.

.

n ncn n . ncn

|A| = Total number of ordered pairs of the type (x, X)

= 1 nc1 + 2 x nc2 + 3 x nc3 +….+ n x ncn

= ∑ k nCk

nk = 1

= ∑ k ( kn)n

k = 1

II is true We know that ∑ k ( k

n)nk = 1 = n.2n–1

I is also TRUE Hence both I and II are TRUE Choice (C) 16. Which one of the following statements is NOT correct about the B+ tree data structure used

for creating an index of a relational database table? (A) Non-leaf nodes have pointers to data records (B) Key values in each node are kept in sorted order (C) B+ Tree is a height-balanced tree (D) Each leaf node has a pointer to the next leaf node

Sol. In a B+-tree, data pointers are stored only at the leaf nodes of the tree. Choice (A)

17. If L is a regular language over = {a, b}, which one of the following language in NOT regular?

(A) Suffix (L) = {y * |∃x*such that xy L} (B) {𝜔𝜔R | 𝜔 L}

(C) L. LR = {xy | x L, yR L}

(D) Prefix (L) = {x * | y * such that xy L}


Sol. The regular languages are closed under reversal and concatenation. so, L.LR is regular WWR needs a memory (stack), therefore the language is not regular. prefix (x) and suffix (x) is also regular. Choice (B) 18. Let G be an undirected complete graph on n vertices, where n > 2. Then, the number of

different Hamiltonian cycles in G is equal to

(A) (n –1)!

2

(B) 1 (C) (n – 1)! (D) n!

Sol. The number of different Hamiltoniam cycles in a complete undirected graph G of n vertices

= (n – 1) !

2 Choice (A)

19. Consider three concurrent processes P1, P2 and P3 as shown below, which access a shared variable D that has been initialized to 100.

P1 P2 P3

: :

D = D + 20 : :

: :

D = D – 50 : :

: :

D = D + 10 : :

The processes are executed on a uniprocessor system running a time-shared operating system. If the minimum and maximum possible values of d after the three processes have completed execution are X and Y respectively, then the value of Y – X is _____.

Sol. Assembly code of the three process are

Process P1: (1) Load R1, M[D] (2) ADD R1, #20

(3) STORE M[D], R1

Process P2: (A) Load R2, M[D] (B) SUB R2, #50

(C) STORE M[D], R2

Process P3: (X) Load R3, M[D] (Y) ADD R3, #10

(Z) STORE M[D], R3

Minimum value of D Process P2executes (A), (B) instructions and got preempted i.e. it did not store the value 50

to ‘D’. Now, process P1 and P2 executes their instructions i.e (1), (2), (3) and (X), (Y), (Z). The value of D will be 130 and now, the instruction(C) is executed, it stores the value 50 to D.

Maximum value of D Process P1 first completed its execution, its value will be 120. Process P3 executes (X), (Y) and get preempted, P2 completes its execution. Now, process

P3 completes (Z) instruction the value will be 130. Therefore value of (Y – X) will be 80. Ans: 80


20. Compute limx → 3

x4 – 81

2x2 –5x –3

(A) 108/7 (B) 53/12 (C) 1 (D) Limit does not exist

Sol. limx → 3

x4 − 81

2x2− 5x−3 = lim

x → 3

4x3

4x− 5

(By L’ Hospital’s rule)

= 4(3)3

4(3)− 5

= 108

7 Choice (A)

21. An array of 25 distinct elements is to be sorted using quicksort. Assume that the pivot element is chosen uniformly at random. The probability that the pivot element gets placed in the worst possible location in the first round of partitioning (rounded off to 2 decimal place) is _____.

Sol. For a quick sort, worst case is when array is sorted. Let us consider the first element is

considered as a pivot element Or The last element is considered as a pivot

Except first and last position all are either average case or best case, as list will get divided

in to 2 sublists.

Probability = 2

25 = 0.08. Ans: 0.08

22. Which of the following protocol pairs can be used to send and retrieve e- mails (in that order)? (A) IMAP, SMTP (B) SMTP, MIME (C) SMTP, POP3 (D) IMAM, POP3 Sol. Mails can be sent using SMTP and to retrieve emails POP3 is used. Choice (C)

Pivot ele 24 ele

24 elements Pivot


23. The following C program is executed on a Unix/Linux system #include <unistd.h> int main( ) { int i; for (i =0 ; i + +) if (i % 2 = = 0 ) fork( ): return 0; } The total number of child processes created is ______. Sol. Number of times fork() get executed is 5 times i.e for i = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8. Number of child process created for ‘n’ fork() calls are 2n – 1 Ans: 31 24. In 16-bit 2’s complement representation, the decimal number – 28 is: (A) 1000 0000 1110 0100 (B) 1111 1111 0001 1100 (C) 0000 0000 1110 0100 (D) 1111 1111 1110 0100

Sol.

(28)10 = (1C)16 = (00011100)2

+ 2810 : 0000 0000 0001 1100 – 2810 : 1111 1111 1110 0100 Choice (D)

25. Consider the grammar given below:

S → Aa

A → BD

B → b|∈

D → d|∈ Let a, b, d, and $ be indexed as follows:

a b d $

3 2 1 0

Compute the FOLLOW set of the non-terminal B and write the index values for the symbols in the FOLLOW set in the descending order. (For example, if the FOLLOW set is {a, b, d, $}, then the answer should be 3210)

Sol. Follow (B) = First (D) U

Follow (A) – {} = {a, d} It is indexed as 31 Ans: 31

16

1 – c

28


Q. 26 – Q. 55 carry two marks each.

26. Let be the set of all bijections from {1, …..5} to {1, ….., 5}, where id denotes the identity

function, i.e. id(j) = j, j. Let ° denotes composition on functions. For a string x = x1, x2, ….xn

n, n 0, let (x) = x1 x2 ….xn. Consider the language L = {x * | (x) = id}. The minimum number of states in any DFA accepting L is _____.

Sol. For a set of 5 elements number of bijections possible with itself are 5!= 120. Minimum number of states required for the language given in the question are 120

Ans: 120

27. Consider the following relations P(X,Y,Z) Q(X,Y,T) and R(Y,V).

P Q R

X Y Z X Y T Y V

X1 Y1 Z1 X2 Y1 2 Y1 V1

X1 Y1 Z2 X1 Y2 5 Y3 V2

X2 Y2 Z2 X1 Y1 6 Y2 V3

X2 Y4 Z4 X3 Y3 1 Y2 V2

How many tuples will be returned by the following relational algebra query? ∏ (

(P.Y=R.Y R.V=V2) (P R)x – ∏ (

(Q.Y=R.Y Q.T > 2) (Q R)x )

Sol.

P x R

X Y Z Y V

X1 Y1 Z1 Y1 V1

X1 Y1 Z1 Y3 V2

X1 Y1 Z1 V2 V3

X1 Y1 Z1 Y2 V2

X1 Y1 Z2 Y1 V1

X1 Y1 Y2 Y3 V2

X1 Y1 Z2 Y2 V3

X1 Y1 Z2 Y2 V2

X2 Y2 Z2 Y1 V1

X2 Y2 Z2 Y3 V2

X2 Y2 Z2 Y2 V3

X2 Y2 Z2 Y2 V2

X2 Y4 Z4 Y1 V1

X2 Y4 Z4 Y3 V2

X2 Y4 Z4 Y2 V3

X2 Y4 Z4 Y2 V2

x ( (P.Y = R.Y R.V = V2)(P x R))

X

X2

x ((Q.Y = R.Y Q.T > 2)(Q x R))

X

X1

X2 – X1 = X2 Ans: 1


28. Let G be any connected, weighted, undirected graph. I. G has a unique minimum spanning tree, if no two edges of G have the same weight. II. G has a unique minimum spanning tree, If, for every cut of G, there is a unique minimum-

weight edge crossing the cut.

Which of the above two statements is/are TRUE? (A) Both I and II (B) II only (C) I only (D) Neither I nor II

Sol. . Let us consider the following graph and its minimum cost spanning tree.

Statement is true.

. For a graph G, we can have unique minimum cost spanning tree, if for every cut of G, there is unique minimum – weight edge crossing the cut. Statement II is true. Choice (A)

29. Let the set of functional dependencies F = {QR → S, R → P, S → Q} hold on a relation schema X = (PQRS). X is not in BCNF. Suppose X is decomposed into two schemas Y and Z, where Y = (PR) and Z = (QRS).

Consider the two statements given below. I, Both Y and Z are in BCNF II. Decomposition of X and Y and Z is dependency preserving and lossless

Which of the above statements is/are correct? (A) II only (B) Both I and II (C) I only (D) Neither I nor II

Sol. Y = PR and Z = QRS

Y Z = R (Key)

As FD R → P is present, R is key. The given relation is lossless.

The relation Y is in BCNF but relation Z is not in BCNF as in S → Q S is not a superkey. Choice (A)

4

4

1

2 3 4

5

6

7

5

1 3 5

2

G1 G2

ST1 ST11

2

4

5

ST2

1


30. Let T be a full binary tree with 8 leaves. (A full binary tree has every level full.) Suppose two leaves a and b of T are chosen uniformly and independently at random. The expected value of the distance between a and b in T (i.e., the number of edges in the unique path between a and b) is (rounded off to 2 decimal places) _____.

Sol. Full binary tree with 8 leaf nodes

Expected value of the distance between a and b = 0 * 8

64 2 *

8

64 + 4 *

16

64 + 6 *

32

64

= 272

28 = 4.25

Out of 8 leaf nodes any 2 nodes can be chosen 8P2 + 8 (selection of nodes with distance ‘0’)

= 64 For length ‘2’ between a and b will have ‘8’ possibilities

(i.e (1) → (2) and (2) → (1) are two different paths) Ans: 4.25 to 4.25

31. In a RSA cryptosystem, the value of the public modulus parameter n is 3007. If it is also

known that (n) = 2880, where () denotes Euler’s Totient function, then the prime factor of n which is greater than 50 is _____.

Sol. let p, q be prime numbers Given p * q = 3007 and (p – 1)(q – 1) = 2880 pq –p – q + 1 = 2880 3007 – p – q +1 = 2880 (p + q) = 128

p + 3007

𝑝 = 128

p2 + 3007 = 128 p p2 – 128 p + 3007 = 0 on solving p = 97, 31 Ans: 97

32. Assume that in a certain computer, the virtual addresses are 64 bits long and the physical addresses are 48 bits long. The memory is word addressable. The page size is 8kB and the word size is 4 bytes. The translation Look-aside Buffer (TLB) in the address translation path has 128 valid entries. At most how many distinct virtual addresses can be translated without any TLB miss?

(A) 8 220 (B) 16 210 (C) 4 220 (D) 256 210

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8


Sol. Logical address = 64 bits Physical address = 48 bits Page size = 8KB Word size = 4B TLB entries = 128

Number of entries in page = 8 𝐾𝐵

4 𝐵 = 2k

As the number of entries in TLB are 128. 128 entries translates 128 page numbers into frame numbers.

Distinct virtual addresses can be translated with TLB miss is

128 211

256 210 Choice (D)

33. Consider the first order predicate formula :

x [(z z|x ((z = x) (z = 1) )) w (w > x) (z z|w ((w = z) (z = 1 )))] Here ‘a|b’ denotes that ‘a divides b’, where a and b are integers. Consider the following sets:

S1. {1, 2, 3,…….,100} S2. Set of all positive integers S3. Set of all integers

Which of the above sets satisfy ? (A) S1, S2 and S3 (B) S1 and S3 (C) S1 and S2 (D) S2 and S3

Sol. Given

φ : x [( z z | x ((z = x) v (z = 1))) w (w > x). ( z z | w (w = z ) ( z = 1)))] Means, for every prime number, x, we can find another prime number w such that w > x. Consider S1: {1, 2, 3, …,100} Take x = 97 Then there is no prime number w in S1 such that w > x

S1 does not satisfy φ Clearly, S2 and S3 satisfy φ Choice (D)

34. A relational database contains two tables Students and Performance as shown below:

The primary key of the Student table is Roll_no. For the Performance table, the columns Roll_no and Subject_code together form the primary key. Consider the SQL query given below:

SELECT S. Student name, sum(P.Marks) FROM Student S, Performance P WHERE P. Marks > 84 GROUP BY S. Student_name; The number of rows returned by the above SQL query is _____.

Student Performance

Roll_No Student name Roll_No Subject _code Marks

1 Amit 1 A 86

2 Priya 1 B 95

3 Vinit 1 C 90

4 Rohan 2 A 89

5 Smita 2 C 92

3 C 80


Sol.

Ans: 5 35. There are n unsorted arrays: A1. A2, ….., An Assume that n is odd. Each of A1. A2, ….., An

contains n distinct elements. There are no common elements between any two arrays. The worst-case time complexity of computing the median of A1. A2, ….., An is

(A) O(n) (B) O(n log n)

(C) (n2 log n) (D) O(n2) Sol. To compute the median of unsorted array of n elements, it takes O(n) time. To find the

medians of median, it will take O(n2) time. Choice (D) 36. Consider the following four processes with arrival times (in milliseconds) and their length of

CPU bursts (in milliseconds) as shown below:

Process P1 P2 P3 P4

Arrival time 0 1 3 4

CPU burst time 3 1 3 Z

These processes are run on a single processor using preemptive Shortest Remaining Time

First scheduling algorithm. If the average waiting time of the processes is 1 millisecond, then the value of Z is _____.

Sol.

Gannt chart

P1 P2 P3 P4

0 1 2 3 4

at t = 4 Process P1 and P2 completes its execution. Waiting time of process P1 and P2 will be 1 and

0. Process P3 waiting time is 1. If Process P4 burst time can’t be 3, then the average waiting time (AWS) exceeds 1 ms. It should be either 1 or 2. If it is 1, then AWS will be less than 1. So, process P2 burst time will be 2. Then AWS will be 1. Ans: 2

Student – name Sum (P.marks)

Amit 452

Priya 452

Rohan 452

Smita 452

Vinit 452

Process P1 P2 P3 P4

Arrival time 0 1 3 4

Burse time 3 1 3 Z


37. Consider the following matrix:

R = [

1 2 4 81 3 9 271 4 16 641 5 25 125

]

The absolute value of the product of Eigen values of R is _____.

Sol. R = [

1 2 4 81 3 9 271 4 16 641 5 25 125

]

The absolute value of the product of Eigen values of R = |Det (R)|

Consider Det (R) = |

1 2 4 81 3 9 271 4 16 641 5 25 125

|

Applying the row operations,

R4 → R4 – R3, R3, → R3 – R2, R2, → R2, – R1

one after another in the same order, we get

Det (R) = |

1 2 4 80 1 5 190 1 7 370 1 9 61

|

= |1 5 191 7 371 9 61

|

Applying the row operations,

R3 → R3 – R2, R2 → R2 – R1

one after another in the same order,

Det(R) = |1 5 190 2 180 2 24

|

Det(R) = 2(24) – 2(18) = 12

|Det (R)| = 12 Ans: 12

38. Consider three machines M, N and P with IP addresses 100.10.5.2, 100.10.5.5 and

100.10.5.6 respectively. The subnet mask is set to 255.255.255.252 for all the three machines. Which one of the following is true?

(A) Only M and N belong to the same subnet (B) Only N and P belong to the same subnet (C) M, N and P belong to three different subnets (D) M, N and P all belong to the same subnet


Sol. Subnet mask = 255.255.255.252 Machine M

100. 10. 5. 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 255. 255. 255. 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0

100. 10. 5. 0

Machine N

100. 10. 5. 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 255. 255. 255. 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 100. 10. 5. 4

Machine P

100. 10. 5. 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 255. 255. 255. 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 100. 10. 5. 4

Machine N and P belong to the same subnet. Choice (B)

39. Consider three 4-variable functions f1, f2, and f3, which are expressed in sum-of-minterms as

f1 = (0, 2, 5, 8, 14),

f2 = (2, 3, 6, 8, 14, 15),

f3 = (2, 7, 11, 14) For the following circuit with one AND gate and one XOR gate, the output function f can be

expressed as:

(A) (0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 14, 15)

(B) (7, 8, 11)

(C) (2, 7, 8, 11, 14)

(D) (2, 14)

Sol.

f1 = m (0, 2, 5, 8, 14)

f2 = m (2,3,6,8,14,15)

f4 = m (2, 8, 14)

f3 = m (2, 7, 11, 14)

f = m (7, 8, 11) Choice (B)

40. Consider the augmented grammar given below:

S → S

S → (L) | id

L → L, S| S

Let I0 = CLOSURE ({[S → S]}). The number of items in the set GOTO (I0, () is: _____.


Sol.

Number of items in I1 are 5. Ans: 5

41. Suppose that in a IP-over-Ethernet network, a machine X wishes to find the MAC address of another machine Y in its subnet. Which one of the following techniques can be used for this?

(A) X send an ARP request packet to the local gateway’s IP address which then finds the MAC address of Y and sends to X

(B) X send an ARP request packet to the local gateway’s MAC address which then finds the MAC address of Y and sends to X

(C) X sends an ARP request packet with broadcast IP address in its local subnet (D) X sends an ARP request packet with broadcast MAC address in its local subnet

Sol. In IP over Ethernet network, If machine X wants to find MAC address of another machine Y in its subnet, then X sends an ARP request packet with broadcast MAC address in its local subnet. Choice (D)

42. The index node (inode) of Unix – like file system has 12 direct, one single – indirect and one double – indirect pointers. The disk block size is 4 kB, and the disk block address is 32 – bits long. The maximum possible file size is (rounded off to 1 decimal place) _____GB.

Sol. Maximum file size

= [number of direct pointers + (Disk block size

Disk block address) + (

Disk block size

disk block address)] (Disk Block size)

= [12 + 4 KB

4 B+ (

4 KB

4 B)

2] 4KB

= [12 + 4K + 1M] 4KB = 48KB + 16MB + 4GB

4GB Ans: 3.7 to 3.8 or 4.0 to 4.1

43. Consider the following snapshot of a system running n concurrent processes. Processes i is

holding Xi instances of a resource R, 1 i n. Assume that all instances of R are currently in use. Further, for all i, process i can place a request for at most Yi additional instances of R while holding the Xi instances it already has. Of the n processes, there are exactly two processes p and q such that Yp = Yq = 0. Which one of the following conditions guarantees that no other process apart from p and q can complete execution?

(A) Min (Xp, Xq) Max {Yk | 1 k n, k p, k q}

(B) Xp + Xq < Max {Yk | 1 k n, k p, k q}

(C) Xp + Xq < Min {Yk | 1 k n, k p, k q}

(D) Min (Xp, Xq) Min {Yk | 1 k n, k p, k q}

S1 → . S

S → . (L)

S →. id

S → (. L)

L → . L, S

L → . S

S → . (L)

S → . id

S1 → .S

S → id.

I0 S

(

id

I1


Sol. Given

Xi → Holding resources for process pi

Yi → Additional resources for process pi As process p and q doesn’t require any additional resources, it completes its execution and

available resources are (Xp + Xq)

There are (n – 2) process pi (1< i < n, i p,q) with their requirements as Yi (1 < i < n, i p,q). In order to not execute process pi, no instance of Yi should be satisfied with (Xp + Xq) resources, i.e., minimum of Yi instances should be greater than (Xp + Xq). Choice (C)

44. Consider the following C program: # include < stdio. h> int main ( ) { Int a [ ] = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} int i, sum = 0, *b = a + 4; for (i = 0; i < 5; i + +) sum = sum + (*b – i) – *(b – i); printf(“%d\n”, sum); return 0; } The output of the above C program is ___ Sol.

0 1 2 3 4

2 4 6 8 10

i = 0 sum = 0+ 10 – 10 = 0 i = 1 sum = 0 + 9 – 8 = 1 i = 2 sum = 1 + 8 – 6 = 3 i = 3 sum = 3 + 7 – 4 = 6 i = 4 sum = 6 + 6 – 2 = 10 Ans: 10

45. Consider the following C function. void convert (int n) { if (n < 0) printf (“%d”, n); else { convert (n/2); printf(“%d”, n %2); } }

b

a


Which one of the following will happen when the function convert is called with any positive

integer n as argument? (A) It will print the binary representation of n and terminate (B) It will print the binary representation of n but will not terminate (C) It will not print anything and will not terminate (D) It will print the binary representation of n in the reverse order and terminate. Sol. Let, n = 5 Convert (5) Convert (2) print (1) Convert (1) print (0) Convert (0) print (1) | As the program will terminate for negative value and if we divide zero by 2, it will give infinite

value. The program will not terminate and doesn’t print anything. Choice (C) 46. Consider that 15 machines need to be connected in a LAN using 8 – port Ethernet switches,

Assume that these switches do not have any separate uplink ports. The minimum number of switches needed is __________

Sol. In an 8 – port Ethernet switch, one port is used for networks connection and one port for the

other switch, total 6 ports are used for connecting machines. For 15 machines, it requires 3 switches Ans: 3

47. Suppose Y is distributed uniformly in the open interval (1, 6). The probability that the

polynomial 3x2 + 6xY + 3Y + 6 has only real roots is (rounded off to 1 decimal place) ________ Sol. Let f(x) = 3x2 + 6xY + 3Y + 6 ------ (1)

We know that a quadratic equation ax2 + bx +c =0 has only real roots, if b2 – 4ac 0

f(x) = 0 has only real roots, if

(6Y)2 – 4(3) (3y + 6) 0

36Y2 –36Y – 72 0

Y2 – Y – 2 0

(Y + 1) (Y – 2) 0

(Y – (–1)) (Y – 2) 0

Y (–, –1][2, )

As Y is uniformly distributed on (1, 6), we have Y [2, 6) 2 Y < 6

The probability density function of Y is f(y) = {1

6−1=

1

5; y ϵ (1, 6)

0 ; otherwise

The probability that the polynomial 3x2 + 6xY + 3Y + 6 has only real roots

= P(2 ≤ Y 6) = ∫ f (y)dy6

2 = ∫

1

5

6

2 𝑑𝑦 =

𝑦

5]

2

6=

6 –2

5 =

4

5 = 0.8 Ans: 0.8


48. What is the minimum number 2-input NOR gates required to implement a 4-variable function

expressed in sum-of-minterms form as f = (0, 2, 5, 7, 8, 10, 13, 15)?. Assume that all the inputs and their complements are available.

Sol. Given that

F = m (0, 2, 5, 7, 8, 10, 13, 15)

F = (B̅ + D). (B + D̅) Ans: 3 49. A certain processor deploys a single-level cache. The cache block size is 8 words and the

word size is 4 bytes. The memory system uses a 60-MHz clock. To service a cache miss, the memory controller first takes 1 cycle to accept the starting address of the block, it then takes 3 cycles to fetch all the eight words of the block, and finally transmits the words of the requested block at the rate of 1 word per cycle. The maximum bandwidth for the memory system when the program running on the processor issues a series of read operations is ___

106bytes/sec. Sol. Block is 8 words words is 4 bytes

Block size = 8 4 = 32 Bytes To transfer a block from memory = (1 + 3 + 8) = 12 clocks In 12 clocks, it transfers 32 bytes

12 clocks → 32 Bytes

60 106 → ?

= 60 10632

12

= 160 × 106 bytes / sec Ans: 160

B̅

F = (B̅ + D). (B + D̅)

D

B

D̅


50. Consider the following statements; I. The smallest element in a max-heap is always at a leaf node. II. The second largest element in a max-heap is always a child of the root node

III. A max-heap can be constructed from a binary search tree in (n) time

IV. A binary search tree can be constructed from a max-heap in (n) time

Which of the above statements are TRUE? (A) I, II and III (B) I, III and IV (C) II, III and IV (D) I, II and IV

Sol. . The smallest element in a max heap is always present at a leaf node, it takes (n) time to

find smallest element.

. The largest element in a max-heap is root element whereas second largest is either left child or right child.

. Construction of max – heap from binary search tree will take (n) time.

V. A binary search tree can not be constructed from a max – heap in (n) time. Choice (A)

51. Consider the following C program: #include <stdio.h> int r( ) { static int num = 7; return num --; } int main( ) { for (r ( ); r ( ); r ( )) printf(“%d”, r( )); return 0; }

Which one of the following values will be displayed on execution of the programs? (A) 63 (B) 52 (C) 41 (D) 630 Sol. r() // initialization num 7 6 As post – decrement is present first the values ‘7’ is returned and then it will get decremented. r()// condition num 6 5


print (r()) num 5 4 Here ‘5’ will be printed first then it will be decremented. r() // increment / decrement num 4 3 r() // condition

num 3 2

As non – zero value is returned by function r(), print statement will get executed.

print (r()) num 2 1

Value ‘2’ will get printed first. r()// increment / decrement num 1 0

r() // condition num 0 -1

As ‘zero’ is returned, the loop terminates, The value printed is 52.’ Choice (B)

52. Consider the following C program: #include <stdio.h> int main( ) { float sum = 0.0, j = 1.0, i = 2.0; while (i/j >0.0625) { j = j + j; sum = sum + i/j; printf(“%f\n”, sum); } return 0; }

The number of times the variable sum will be printed, when the above program is executed, is _____.

Sol. Sum 0.0 j 1.0 i 2.0

2.0 > 0.0625 j = 2.0 Sum = 0 + 1.0 Print (1.0)//1 2.0/2.0 > 0.0625 j = 4.0 sum = 1.0 + 0.5 = 1.5 print (1.5)//2 4.0/2.0 > 0.0625


j = 8.0 sum = 1.5 + 0.25 = 1.75 print (1.75)//3 8.0/2.0 > 0.0625 j = 16.0 sum = 1.75 + 0.125 = 1.875 print (1.875)//4 16.0/2.0 > 0.0625 j = 32.0 sum = 1.875 + 0.0625 = 1.9375 print (1.9375)//5 The sum get printed 5 times Ans: 5 53. Consider the following sets: S1. Set of all recursively enumerable languages over the alphabet {0, 1} S2. Set of all syntactically valid C programs S3. Set of all languages over the alphabet {0, 1} S4. Set of all non-regular languages over the alphabet {0, 1} Which of the above sets are uncountable? (A) S2 and S3 (B) S1 and S2 (C) S3 and S4 (D) S1 and S4

Sol. Recursively enumerable languages are countable. Syntactically valid C program can be represented with CFG. CFG generates CFL, CFL is

countable.

All languages over {0, 1} may not be countable. Set of regular languages are countable, non-regular languages may not be countable.

Choice (C) 54. Consider the following grammar and the semantic actions to support the inherited type

declaration attributes. Let X1, X2, X3, X4, X5 and X6 be the placeholders for the non-terminals D, T, L or L1 in the following table:

Production rule Semantic action

D → TL X1. type = X2 type

T → int T. type = int

T → float T.type = float

L → L1, id X3.type = X4 type add Type (id entry, X5.type)

L → id Add Type (id.entry, X6.type)

Which one of the following are the appropriate choice for X1, X2, X3¸and X4? (A) X1 = T, X2 = L, X3 = L1, X4 =T (B) X1 = L, X2 = T, X3 = L1, X4 = L (C) X1 = T, X2 = L, X3 = T, X4=L1 (D) X1 = L, X2 = L1, X3 = L1, X4 = T


Sol. Given, inherited attributes are evaluated by bottom up evaluation. For production

D → TL The semantic action will be L. type = T. type As the L. type is decided by the T. type Similarly, L1. Type is decided by L. type, for the

production

L → L1, id

the values of X1, X2, X3 and X4 are L, T, L1 and L Choice (B)

55. Which one of the following languages over = {a, b} is NOT context-free?

(A) {wwR |w {a, b }*}

(B) {wan bnwR | w {a, b}*, n 0}

(C) {wan wR bn | w {a, b}*, n 0}

(D) {an bi| i {n, 3n, 5n}, n 0}

Sol. It is not possible to draw a PDA for language L = {wan wR bn | w ∊ {a, b}*, n ≥ 0}

Choice (C)

general aptitude · gate-2019 original paper – cse/1 general aptitude q. 1 – q. 5 carry one...

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