Workshop on Gender and environmental changeIIED 17-18 March 2014

Session 3. Land and resource rights: the forgotten issue in environmental

changedebates?

some key messages from CIFOR research

1. We need to unpack environmental and climate change in terms differentiated impacts on institutions and institutional arangement• Example: Climate change induced men

migration which result in a significant shifts in institutions and social relations, right and access new challenges and opportunities for the most vulnerable/women: Iklan and Illelan women in northern Mali

THINKING beyond the canopy

History of intervention and policy:

Sedentarisation which ignored existing adapted systems based on mobility, flexibility and institutional reciprocity in access and right

Drying out of the Lake Faguibine (90ies) Differentiated women’s adaptive capacities

Source: Nasa

2. History of intervention and policy which ignored existing adapted systems based on mobility, flexibility and institutional reciprocity in access and right and more autonomy for women

Adaptation not only to environmental changes but also to negative impacts of past interventions and policies

3. We need to document, protect and reinforce the already existing institutional tenure arrangements which advantage equitable gender relations

Examle: tree tenure versus land tenure in the Sahel

Fruits sur l’arbre

Fruits récoltés

L’espace d’implantation du néré

Aînée G. des Epouses

Chacune des épouses lignage

Chef du lignage ou du ménage

PARTIES DU NERE RESPONSABLE DECISIONS

MODE GESTION

Collectif/Epouses du lignage

Individuel/Epouse du ménage

Collégial ou non/Chef lignage ou ménage

Trees in landscapes (agroforestry parklands) allow equitable gender outcomes, compared to cash crops. Global market (Shea butter) and agriculture policies (cash crops ) are shifting access right

4. Women are not passive victims of inequitable land tenure they create social space for negotiation. Women develop their own strategies and mechanism to overcome barriers and limits. We need to understand and reinforce those strategies

Examples: – Shift in livestock as an asset to over come access

barriers for women– Reciprocity in exchanging assets (human assets to

social asset Assets

5. Dichotomies in concept and approaches (men/women, state/ communities. Example: Intra community inequities in term of access are crucial too (local authorities, gender, migrants..etc). In terms of access and right addressing contextual local power relations and trajectories of changes (processes) is crucial.