gender in value chains
TRANSCRIPT
June 15, 2012Graham Thiele, Gordon Prain, Anne Rietveld,
Holger Kirscht and Sarah Mayanja
CRP RTB
Gender in value chains
Many value chains complex gender based division of labour
• women playing major roles as processors and traders
• gender “invisible” for researchers, planners, policy makers
Value chain development (VCD)- poor job at handling gender
Why do value chains matter?
Why does gender matter in VCD?
Why are VCD methods gender blind?
What should we do?
Summary
Policy makers: local govts.
Service providers: INIAs, NGOs, Extension services
Input provider Farmer Wholesaler Processor Retail Customer
Value chain
Why do value chains matter?
Improve market access and small farmers livelihoods
Driver of innovation process eg poundability
Deliver improved nutritional benefits
“strengthen the relations between smallholders and other chain actors, including input providers, buyers, and processors, for the development of new or increased value adding to existing product lines”
Donovan and Stoian
Value chain development (VCD)
1. Women and men differentiated roles/ demands, if not addressed undermine effectiveness Eg cassava poundability
2. Social justice: equal distribution of advantages, assets and benefits between men & women
3. Business: gender inequity is missed business opportunity
4. RTBs: women key roles in post harvest and processing - bulkiness and perishability
Why does gender matter in VCD?
1. Equitable and inclusive development should include gender, at very least shouldn’t worsen gender inequity
2. Women and men have differentiated roles, and demands which if not properly addressed undermine effectiveness of VCD
• Eg poundability of cassava key trait highly preferred by women
3. RTBs: women play key roles in post harvest and processing linked with bulkiness and perishibility
Why does gender matter in VCD? Poundability: who cares?
Oyo, Nigeria, gari producers
Oyo, Nigeria, gari producers
Oyo, Nigeria, gari sellers
Mechanized gari production: implications for gender equity?
VCD example: Participatory Market Chain Approach (PMCA)
Combines collective action & innovation processes among market chain actors
Helps market chain actors express their needs to R&D organizations
Facilitates long-term partnership among farmers, market chain actors and service providers (PPP)
Creative idea
Research
COMO
Innovation process replicated and extendedin Peru
Toolbox• GIZ, RUTA and CATIE have made
a major effort to gather some 100 tools that, this way or another, deal with value chain development from a gender perspective (see http://ruta.org/toolbox/).
Toolbox
Some favourable gender linked outcomes
Review of VCD guidelines: ICRAF 2012
Methodological guidelineParticipatory Market Chain Approach (PMCA) (Bernet, Thiele & Zschocke 2011)
Making VC Work Better for the Poor: A Toolbook for Practitioners of VC Analysis (M4P 2008) Value Chain Development for Decent Work (Herr and Muzira 2009)
ValueLinks Manual (GTZ 2008)
Guidelines for rapid appraisals of agrifood chain performance in development countries (da Silva and de Souza Filho 2007)Chain-wide learning for inclusive agrifood market development (IIED 2008)
Using a value chain approach to design a competitiveness strategy (USAID no date)
Participatory Market Chain Analysis for Smallholder Producers (Lundy et al. 2007)
The operational guide for the making markets work for the poor (M4P) approach (DFID 2008)
Jason Donovan: “We concluded they were all
basically gender blind”
1. VCD emphasizes exploiting a market opportunity rather than equity or strengthening household livelihoods
2. VCD seeks to improve the articulation of VC and sharing of benefits among existing actors not bringing in new actors
3. Lack of practical tools and proven experience for gender-responsive VCD
4. Few gender specialists have worked on VCD
Why are methods gender blind?
1. Gender overlay on existing methods
2. Gender analysis
3. Toolkits: gender tools at different stages of VCD• resolve ‘blockages’ and
‘engender’ the chain
4. Pursue change jointly across CRPs not piecemeal VC by VC• link with existing initiatives
What should we do?
PMCA: gender overlay
Sarapura 2012Avilés et al 2010
Gender analysis in VCD
Mayoux and Mackie 2008
1. Misfit between importance of gender and VCD methods
2. Options to improve methods
3. Quick fix not enough
4. Gender aware VCD specialists
– CRPs collaborate to build capacity
5. Build on practical experience, real examples and comparative case studies (meta analysis):•role for CRP 2 on value chains?
Wrap up
Thank you