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Bhagavad Gita

T. K. G. NAMBOODHIRITHIRUVALLA, KERALA

INDIA

BHAGAVAD GITA – THE DIVINE SONG-An Introduction

Bhagavad Gita-Part of the Sanskrit Epic Mahabhaaratha.(200 BC to 200 AD)

700 verses in 18 chapters.

A conversation between Lord Krishna and his close friend Arjuna in the middle of the battlefield just before the start of the Kurukshetra battle.

Arjuna loses his heart and refuses to fight his teachers and relatives, and Krishna revives him by his wise words of wisdom.

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Bhagavad GitaCHAPTER 14

GUNATHRAYA VIBHAAGA YOGAMTHE YOGA OF THE THREE CONSTITUENTS

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Bhagavad GitaMAMA YONIRMMAHAD BRAHMA THASMIN GARBHAM DADHAAMYAHAM, SAMBHAVA SARVA BHOOTHAANAAM THATHO BHAVATHI BHAARATHA. (14.3)

My womb is MahatBrahma-the vast nature. In this I cast the seed of all beings. I bring about the union of the Field & Field-knower. Thence, Arjuna, are born all beings.

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Bhagavad GitaSARVAYONISHU KAUNTHE’YA MOORTHAYAH SAMBHAVANTHI YAH, THAASAAM BRAHMA MAHAD YONIRAHAM BEEJAPRADAH PITHAA. (14.4)

Arjuna, whatever forms spring up from all kinds of wombs, their womb is this great Brahman (nature), & I am the father, the supplier of the seed.

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Bhagavad GitaSATHWAM RAJASTHAMA ITHI GUNAH PRAKRITHI SAMBHAVAAH, NIBDHANANTHI MAHAABAAHO DEHE’ DEHINAM AVYAM.(14.5).

Arjuna, Sathwa, Rajas, & Thamas, are the three nature-born constituents which bind the embodied & immutable Spirit (Soul)

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Bhagavad GitaTHATHRA SATHWAM NIRMALATHWAATH PRAKAASAKAMANAAMAYAM, SUKHA SANGE’NA BADHNAATHI JNAANASANGENA CHAANAGHA. (14.6)

Arjuna, among them Sathwa being stainless, illumines & heals. It binds the Soul with the attachment to pleasure & knowledge

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Bhagavad GitaRAJO RAAGAATHMAKAM VIDHI THRISHNAA SANGA SAMUDBHAVAM, THANNIBADHNAATHI KAUNTHE’YA KARMA SANGE’NA DEHINAM. (14.7).

Arjuna, know that Rajas is essentially attachment; it is the source of craving & passion. It binds the embodied Soul with attachment to work.

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Bhagavad GitaTHAMASTHWAJNAANAJAM VIDHI MOHANAM SARVA DEHINAAM, PRAMAADAALASYA NIDRABHIS THANNIBADHNAATHI BHAARATHA. (14.8).

Know Thamas to spring from ignorance; it deludes all embodied beings. It binds the Soul with error, indolence, and sleepiness.

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Bhagavad GitaSATHWAM SUKHE’ SANJAYATHI RAJAH KARMANI BHAARATHA, JNAANAMAAVRITHYA THU THAMAH PRAMAADE’ SANJAYATHYUTHA. (14.9)

Sathwam causes clinging to pleasure, Rajas to work, while Thamas, shrouding knowledge, causes clinging to error.

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Bhagavad GitaSARVADWAARE’SHU DE’HO ASMIN PRAKAASA UPAJAAYATHE’, JNAANAM YADAA THADAA VIDYAADWIVRIDDHAM SATHWAMITHYUTHA. (14.11)

When the light of knowledge(coming from the intellect) shines at all the openings of the senses in this body, one may know that Sathwa is in dominance.

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Bhagavad GitaLOBHAH PRAVRITHIRAARAMBHAH KARMANAAMASMAH SPRIHAA, RAJASYE’THAANI JAAYANTHE’ VIVRIDDHE’ BHARATHARSHABHA. (14.12)

Greed, activity, commencements of work, disquiet, & desire are the qualities exhibited when Rajas predominates.

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Bhagavad GitaAPRAKAASO APRAVRITHASCHA PRAMAADO MOHA E’VA CHA, THAMASYE’THAANI JAAYANTHE’ VIVRIDDHA KURUNANDANA. (14.13)

Gloom, inaction, error & delusion too come into being when Thamas increases.

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Bhagavad GitaNAANYAM GUNEBHYAH KARTHAARAM YADAA DRISHTAANUPASYATHI, GUNEBHYASCHA PARAM VETHI MADBHAAVAM SO ADHIGACHCHATHI. (14.19)When an enlightened person sees that the three constituents are the only agents of all activities, & also realizes My status to be beyond the constituents, & only as a witness to actions, he reaches My status.

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Bhagavad GitaGUNAANETHAANATHEETHYA THREEN DE’HEE DE’HASAMUDBHAVAAN, JANMA MRITHYU JARAA DUKHYRVIMUKTHO AMRUTHAMASNUTHE’. (14.20)

Transcending these three constituents, while alive, the embodied self (Soul) is liberated from birth, death, old age, & pain, & attains immortality.

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Bhagavad GitaPRAKAASAM CHA PRAVRITHIM CHA MOHAME’VA CHA PAANDAVA, NA DWE’SHTI SAMPRAVRITHAANI NA NIVRITHAANI KAANGKSATHI. (14.22)

In reply to a question by Arjuna, the Lord describes the characteristics of a person who is beyond the three constituents: Arjuna, That sage neither hates light, action, & delusion (the 3 gunaas) when these spring up, nor seeks them when these disappear.

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Bhagavad GitaUDAASEENAVADAASEENO GUNAIRYO NA VICHAALYATHE’, GUNAA VARTHANTHA ETHYE’VA YO AVATHISHTATHI NE’NGTHE’. (14.23)Seated as if indifferent, he is not disturbed by the constituents; he stirs not but remains steadfast, holding the view that constituents alone prevail as body, senses & objects, & he abides as pure self.

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Bhagavad GitaSAMADUKHASUKHAH SWASTHAH SAMALOSHTAASMAKANNCHANAH, THULYAPRIYAAPRIYO DHEERASTHULYANINDAATHMASAMSMRITHIH. (14.24)

Pain & pleasure are one to him who abides in his Self. He treats alike, clod, stone, & gold. To the wise, pleasant & unpleasant, also, praise & censure are all alike.

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Bhagavad GitaMAANAAPAMAANAYO STHULYASTHULYO MITHRAARI PAKSHAYOH, SARVAARAMBHA PARITHYAAGEE GUNAATHEETHA SA UCHYTHE’. (14.25)

He treats honour & disgrace equally; is equal towards friends & foes. He does not initiate any action. Such a person is styled the transcendent sage.(Who is beyond Gunas)

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Bhagavad GitaMAAM CHA YO AVYABHICHAARE’NA BHAKTHI YOGE’NA SE’VATHE’, SA GUNAAN SAMATHEETHYTHAAN BRAHMA BHOOYAAYA KALPATHE’. (14.26)

He who, with the unwavering Yoga of devotion, serves Me., transcends these constituents & becomes fit for the status of Brahman.

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