gbus205 organisational behaviour and management lect 3-1

7/26/2019 Gbus205 Organisational Behaviour and Management Lect 3-1

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UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGINGINDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOURS IN THE

ORGANIZATION

By Grace Abban - Ampiah

GBU 205: MANAGEMENT &ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOR

WEEK 3


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Learning Out!"e#At the end of this session students will be

able to:

Gain un$er#tan$ing an$ i$enti% rea#!n#for your own and other peoples behaviours atthe wor place!

"etermine ways to i"'r!(e in$i(i$ua)#*e+a(i!ur for or#ani$ational e%ectiveness!


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&esson 'tructure

(he individuals )ontributions to the *r#ani$ation"eterminants+,actors that inuence individual

behaviour,er#!na)it

Meaning !% ,er#!na)it I"'!rtane !% #tu$ing ,er#!na)it

-at!r# t+at $eter"ine in$i(i$ua)'er#!na)it

Mea#ure"ent !% ,er#!na)it Mer#.Brigg# T'e In$iat!r /MBTI

T+e 1(e *ig ,er#!na)it M!$e)


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&esson 'tructure )ontinued "i.culties in studyin# personality

Attitu$e#/eanin# of Attitudes

'i#ni0cance of studyin# individuals

measurement of attitudesAttitude formation

,actors that inuence attitude formation


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!

Who are the most valuableassets of the or#anisation1


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Who are the most valuableassets of an or#ani$ation1

People are the organization's mostvaluable assets but they are the mostcomplex elements that organization canmanage


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E2ercisesn what ways does individuals contributes

to the or#ani$ation!

Why is it important to understand andmana#e individuals in the or#ani$ation!


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ndividuals )ontributions to*r#ani$ation

ndividuals contributes to the or#ani$ation inrelation to low absenteeism4 low turnover4 and#ood time eepin#!

(hey contributes )!a)t to the or#ani$ationdespite the challen#es! E!#! )ommitment tocompanies is vital especially in the faces ofcurrent unstable business environment


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ndividuals )ontributions to*r#ani$ation

ndividuals contribute their #i))#3 e4!rt#3i$ea#3 ti"e an$ energto ensure*r#ani$ational e.ciency!

ndividuals represent the i"age an$ (a)ue#of the or#ani$ation! E!#! (he ima#e of theor#ani$ation is important to staeholders!

Eg! consumers4 suppliers4 and the #eneralpublic! )ompanies lie 5nilever and 6estlecompanies have invested into their brandand corporate ima#e!


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6+at i# ,er#!na)it7

The unique characteristics or qualitiesthat distinguishes a person from the others.

This refers to the unique and relativelystablepattern of behaviour, thoughts andemotions shown by individual.

A combination of features or qualitiesthat form an individuals distinctivecharacteristics.


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# er#!na 8+arateri#ti# #! I"'!rtant !n

t+e 9!*

t is imperative to now the personality

characteristics on the 7ob because:

5nderstandin# 8eoples personality helps toacnowled#e +at t! e;'et of them andrelate to them better at the wor place!

Assists in "at+ing 'er#!na)it perfectlyto individual tass! E!#! E2trovert matchedto customer service roles!


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# er#!na 8+arateri#ti# I"'!rtant !n

t+e 9!*7

t helps individuals to #ainvaluable insi#htsinto their ownbehaviour and enable themto constantly improve+perform better onthe 7ob!

Knowin# the basic principles of howindividuals behave at the wor place helpsto e%ectively provide trainin#4 mana#e4 anddiscipline employees!


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Deter"inant# ati!nSi))# an$ A*i)itie#:E!#! f people lac

the re9uisite sills and abilities neededto accomplish their tas as a result oftrainin#!

,er#!na)it:(he uni9ue characteristicsor 9ualities that di%erentiate a person

from others!

Learning St)e#: Every individual has

a way that they learn at the wor place!


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Deter"inant# ati!n M!ti(ati!n: refers to interna) %at!r#

/intrin#i and e;terna) %at!r# /e;trin#ithat stimulate people to perform

Eg Interna) %at!r#: playin# #ames durin#leisure time because you want to have fun!

Eg E;terna) %at!r#: E!#! ou are motivated

to achieve a speci0c tar#et because you will berewarded! (hese rewards may be in the form ofinenti(e#3 *!nu#3 re!gniti!n et


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Deter"inant# ati!n

8erception ;Belief/orale: refers to t+e t!ta) #ati#%ati!n peoplederived from a7ob4 wor#roup4 or#ani$ation4worin# condition4 superior! E!#! Are peoplehappy to perform1!


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I$enti% t+e uni?ue +arateri#ti# !%t+e#e in$i(i$ua)#


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Deter"inant# !% ,er#!na)it @6+at $eter"ine# in$i(i$ua)#

*e+a(i!ur8ersonality,er#!na)it

Here$it

/Nature/Geneti%at!r#

Situati!na)

-at!r# /)i%ee;'eriene

En(ir!n"enta)

-at!r#/#!ia) an$

u)tura)


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Deter"inant# !%,er#!na)it

n reality4 a persons personality isdeveloped by t+ree "ain %at!r# namely:

Here$it /Nature - Genetiin+eritane ac9uired from birth! (heyare physical attri*ute# !r %a"i)trait# that impacts on individuals

personality!


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Here$it

(here are evidence that our #enetic inheritanceplays a role in developin# our personality!

E!#! *ur physical traits+features determined by

#enetics factors may inuence the way otherstreats us and mi#ht have impact on how weview ourselves!

,+#ia) Attri*ute# : E!#! hair type4 eye )olor4'in color!

A'titu$e:E!#! A natural talent for music would be

considered as an Aptitude!


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Deter"inant# !%,er#!na)itEn(ir!n"enta) -at!r#:S!ia)= interactin# with people can a%ect

ones behaviour!

Eginteraction with families4 friends4 and

collea#ues!

8u)tura)-at!r#= (he culture ;values4beliefs4 norms< in which one 0nds him+herself

tend to inuence ones behaviour!

Situati!na) -at!r#:&ife e2periences such as bereavement tend

to a%ect individuals personality!


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T!!)# %!r "ea#uringIn$i(i$ua)# ,er#!na)it in t+e

!rgani>ati!n,er#!na)it "ea#ure"ent is important on7ob

especially durin# recruitment and selection4

promotions in or#ani$ation:

**#er(ati!n= E!# helps to determine if oneis an introvert ;9uiet< and e2trovert ;sociable

nter(ie#= face-to-face interactionsbetween employees and mana#ers


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In$i(i$ua)# ,er#!na)it in t+e

!rgani>ati!n

,er#!na)it te#t/yers Bri##s 8ersonality (ype ndicator

(he bi# 0ve model )lassi0cation

A'titu$e te#t = assess people abilities tolearn4 absorb and apply new information4problem-solvin# sills4 attention to details!

E!#! Aptitude test on verbal4 numerical andabstract reasonin#!E!#! used by mostor#ani$ations world wide!


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Mer#.Brigg# ,er#!na)it T'eIn$iat!r /MBTI A##e##"ent

(his is a psychometric 9uestionnaire desi#ned tomeasure psycholo#ical preferences in how people

perceive the world and mae decisions!


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Mer#.Brigg# T'e In$iat!r8)a##i1ati!n /MBTI

ETRAVERSION @INTROVERSION

E @ I /Di+!t!"

6+ere $! !u 're%er t! %!u#!ur attenti!n @ an$ get !urenerg7

'E6'6G = 6(5(*6

' = ;"ichotomyow do you prefer to tae in

information1

(>6K6G = ,EE&6G

( = , ;"ichotomyow do you mae decision

?5"G6G = 8E@)E6G

?- 8 ;"ichotomyow do you deal with the outerworld1


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De#ri'ti!n !% 8)a##i1ati!nMer#.Brigg# In$iat!r T'e

E;tra(er#i!n /E:

*ut#oin#4 ener#etic4communicative4 warm

Intr!(er#i!n /I:

@eserved4 thou#htful4unassumin#4 and calm

Sen#ing /S:

6ot interested in theories48ractical4 traditional4 observantand factual!

Intuiti(e /N:

nterested in abstracts or theories4ima#inative4 forward thinin#4 andinnovative!

T+ining /T:

Analytical4 ob7ective! /aedecisions based on cause ande%ect!

-ee)ing /-:

Kind4 attentive4 approachable4'ub7ective!

9u$ging /9:

*r#ani$ed4 determined4 dedicated

and decisive

,erei(ing /,:

,le2ible4 easy-#oin#4 and

approachable!


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Ou'ati!n Tren$ *a#e$ !n MBTI

IST9Manage"entA$"ini#trati!

nLa

en%!re"ent

A!unting

ISFJ

Education

Health care

Religioussettings

INFJ

Religion

Counseling

TeachingArts

INTJScientific or

technicalfields

Computers

Law

ISTSkilled trades

Technical fieldsAgricultureLaw

Enforcement

Military

ISFHealth care

BusinessLaw

enforcement

INFCounseling

WritingArts

INTScientific or

technical fields


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Ou'ati!n Tren$ *a#e$ !n MBTI

EST!ar"eting

S"illed trades#usiness

Law

enforcementApplied

technolog$

ESFHealth care

TeachingCoaching

Childcare

wor"erS"illed trades

ENFCounseling

TeachingReligion

Arts

ENTScience

!anagementTechnolog$

Arts

ESTJ

ManagementAdministration

Law

enforcement

ESFJ

EducationHealth care

Religion

ENFJReligion

Arts

Teaching

ENTJ

ManagementLeadershi


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E2ercise

'pend sometime to answer the /B(9uestions to determine your /B( type!

;www!Cpersonalities!com+free-personality-t

estealth and safety rules

and procedures

E2ternals are liely to performbetter!


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Di4erene *eteen T'e A an$T'e B ,er#!na)it

T'e A T'e BSe(ere #en#e !% urgen= always movin# about andhardly rela2

(hey are people that arerela2ed by nature = >as nottime of ur#ency

T+e !(er a+ie(er# =

(hey are always involved inunrelated challen#in# worand are able to perform well

(hey are achievers and

accomplish their wore%ectively!

(hey are very competitive4impatient4 respond 9uicly

in many conte2ts e!#! durin#conversations!

(hey are very calm4 and notvery loud

"islie &eisure (ime &ie &eisure4 can rela2 andhave not #uilt


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A$(antage# !% T'e A O(er T'eB Be+a(i!ur ,attern

T'e A T'e B(hey perform better atvarious tas level;/ultitasedati!n

Be+a(i!r

Se)%."!nit!ring:(he is a 'er#!na)it trait that maes

a person pay attention to a #!ia)#ituati!n so that he+she can chan#ebehaviors to 0t that situation!


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6+at are Attitu$e#7

Attitudes are "enta) (ie# or$i#'!#iti!n#based on beliefs and feelin#swhich a person brin#s to any situation!

*@

Attitudes are feelin#s towards people or

thin#s


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6+at are attitu$e#7


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H! $! !u "ea#ure 'e!')e#attitu$e# at !r7

t is very challen#in# to measure attitudessince it cannot be seen4 they can only beinferred ;concluded

(he followin# methods can be used toassess individuals attitudes at wor:

Sur(e#: E!#!! n the 0eld of maretin#4

surveys are constantly used to determinewhat people feel about a particular product

Diret O*#er(ati!n


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E2ercise

"ivide yourselves into #roups and reect onthe factors that in=uene attitu$e%!r"ati!n and how you can +angeattitu$e# of people in the or#ani$ation!

-at!r# t+at in=uene


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-at!r# t+at in=ueneattitu$e-!r"ati!n

Attitudes are learned from in%an! AttitudesAre derived from 'er#!na) reati!n# to

nformation and events!

S!ia) Gr!u'# t! +i+ e *e)!ng =especially durin# infancy4 wor#roups andfriendship #roups!

,er#!na) Li%e e;'eriene = bereavement4e2periences on the 7ob!

-at!r# t+at in=uene


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-at!r# t+at in=ueneattitu$e-!r"ati!n

Me$ia= as a means of communication hasinuence on individuals attitudes! E!#!television and radios!

E$uati!na) in#tituti!n an$ Re)igi!u#in#tituti!n:(hese institutions help shapeour moral standards!

8u)ture: 6orms and values of societyinuence the way people behave! Eg?apanese belief in team support achievementwhilst Americans have the Fcan do attitude !


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In#tane# +ere Manager# "a$e#ire Attitu$e 8+ange

Attitude toward intr!$uti!n an$i"')e"entati!n of new mana#ement practices!

Attitu$e towards wor diversity!

Attitude towards ensurin# >ealth and 'afety@e#ulations! E!#! 5se O% Sa%et E?ui'"ent#)ie in$u#tria) #a%et +e)"et t! re$ue +ea$

inurie#

Attitu$e# t!ar$ %uture +ange# n theor#ani$ation such as intr!$uti!n !% ne

te+n!)!g

H $ +


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H! $! "anager# +angeAttitu$e at !r7

/ana#ers may +ange 'e!')e# attitu$eby:

>i#h de#ree of ndividual involvement indecision-main#!

8articipation ;contribution in pro7ects

gbus205 organisational behaviour and management lect 3-1

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