gaseous exchange
DESCRIPTION
GASEOUS EXCHANGE. Respiratory surface Respiratory System in Human Control of breathing Gaseous exchange in Insect Gaseous exchange in Fish Gaseous exchange in Plant. Respiratory surface. Small organisms surface volume ratio is large Larger organism surface volume ratio is small. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
GASEOUS EXCHANGEGASEOUS EXCHANGE
Respiratory surface
Respiratory System in Human
Control of breathing
Gaseous exchange in Insect
Gaseous exchange in Fish
Gaseous exchange in Plant
Respiratory surfaceRespiratory surface
Small organisms surface volume ratio is large
Larger organism surface volume ratio is small
Characteristics of respiratory Characteristics of respiratory surfacesurface
1. Large surface area
2. Moistened surface
3. Thin and freely permeable to gases
4. With transport system
TypesTypes
Human Respiratory SystemHuman Respiratory System
Lung tissueLung tissue
Mechanism of BreathingMechanism of Breathing
Animation
Treatment to inhaled airTreatment to inhaled air
1. Warmed by capillary in nostrils
2. Moistened by mucus
3. Cleaned and filtered by hair, cilia and mucus
Lung capacitiesLung capacities
Volum
e of air
Control of BreathingControl of Breathing
Respiratory centre
Chemoreceptor
pCO2
chemoreceptorchemoreceptor1. Peripheral chemoreceptor
Detect both Po2 and PCO2
Carotid bodies, aortic bodies
2. Central chemoreceptors
Detect PCO2
Medulla
Effect of PCO2 is larger than Po2
Respiratory centreRespiratory centre
In medulla oblongataReceive impulse from chemoreceptorSend impulse to diaphragm and intercostal muscleChange rate and depth of breathing
Effect to lungEffect to lung
pO2 decrease and pCO2 increase rate and depth of breathing increase
pO2 increase and pCO2 decrease
Rate and depth of breathing decrease
Other effectOther effect
pCO2 increase
Heart : rate increaseBlood vessel: vasodilationIncrease rate and volume of CO2 transport
Partial pressure of COPartial pressure of CO22
pCO2 increase
Detected by chemorecetor
Impulse to respiratory centre
Impulse to intercostal and diaphragm muscle by efferent nerve
Rate and depth of breathing increase pCO2 back to normal
Feedback
Gaseous Exchange in insectsGaseous Exchange in insects
Mechanism
Abdomen movement, fluid movementAbdomen movement, fluid movement
Trachea Trachea
Spiracle Spiracle
During exercise less
fluid
During exerciseDuring exerciseDuring rest more fluid
Breathing in fishBreathing in fish
Gill Gill
Gill photoGill photo
Where is gaseous exchange Where is gaseous exchange taking place?taking place?
Buccal surface
Skin Gill in tapole
Bird Bird
Gaseous Exchange in PlantGaseous Exchange in Plant
No special organ for breathing but some special features in various
organs for increasing surface area
Leave
Stem
Root
Leave Leave
Root HairRoot Hair
Lenticel Lenticel