Filtration Solutions

Today’s Agenda• Gas Filtration / Separation Basics• Common Gas Filter Applications • Common Contaminants • Mist Eliminators• Scrubbers and Separators• Filter Elements• Dry Gas Filters• Filter Separators• Vertical Gas Coalescers• Horizontal Gas Coalescers• Questions and Comments

Definition of Filtration / Separation -• The act of removing and / or separating solid particles, impurities,

etc from a liquid or a gas by the use of filtration / separation mechanisms. The act of removing a contaminant from a product to either further purify the product or protect a piece of equipment from the contaminant

• Types of Filtration / Separation –solids from gas / liquids from gas / solids & liquids from

gas / solids from liquid / liquids from liquid

FILTRATION / SEPARATION BASICS

• Keys to Understanding Filtration / Separation –- Four types of contaminants exist

Solids, Liquids, Semi-Solids, Gas

– Four mechanisms are utilized to accomplish separation or filtration

Gravity, Mechanical, Coalescence, Chemical

– The separation method used in a filter or separator will incorporate one or more of these mechanisms to remove one or more of the contaminant types

FILTRATION / SEPARATION BASICS

Typical Gas Filter Applications:• Compressor Suction• Compressor Discharge• Compressor Interstage• Compressor Lube Oil• Fuel Gas• Seal Gas• Meter Stations• Pipeline Interconnects• Gas Storage• Glycol Dehydration

• >> Remove Bulk Free Liquids from Gas

• >> Method = Mist Eliminators

• Mist Eliminator Contaminant• Wiremesh HC liquids, Water

• Vane HC liquids, Water

• Cyclotube Lube oil, Glycol, Paraffin, Brine, Asphaltines

• Mini-Cyclones Dry solids in addition to free liquids

LIQUID / GAS SEPARATION

MECHANICAL MIST ELIMINATORS

WAVEPLATE VANE

CYCLOTUBE

Gas Scrubbers and Separators

Vane Scrubber Cyclonic Scrubber Cyclonic SeparatorVane Separator

• Separator - is defined as single stage housing that utilizes a mist eliminator (vane, wire mesh or centrifugal) to remove entrained liquid mist from flowing gas. Impingement from the pipe exit (inlet nozzle) is directly on the mist eliminator. There is no calculation or consideration given to separation due to gravity before the inlet gas comes into contact with the mist eliminator.

• Scrubber - is defined as a two stage housing that utilizes a first stage area for bulk separation of liquids from the flowing gas and a second stage mist eliminator (vane, wire mesh or centrifugal) to remove entrained liquid mist from flowing gas. Impingement from the pipe exit (inlet nozzle) is below the mist eliminator. The mist eliminator sizing in a scrubber is secondary to the first stage. The first stage is governed by a Newton's Law calculation that determines the minimum diameter necessary for a droplet of a given size to "fall" due to gravity based on its density.

Gas Filtration ProductsUse a Scrubber when:>>There is a potential for slugs>>There is a continuous heavy liquid Load

Applications•Plant Entrance•Contact Tower Inlet & Overhead•Compression•Storage•Well Head

SCRUBBERS (SLUG CATCHER)

Slugs fall into lower sump

Inlet

PFDBS reduces turbulence inlower sump

Outlet

Gas and entrained liquids enter vane

Liquids drain via downcomer tolower sump

VANE SCRUBBER

98% of 8 micron and larger, liquidand entrained solids

CYCLOTUBE SCRUBBER

Inlet

Outlet

Slugs fall into lower sump

Entrained liquids removed by CT

Liquids collect in upper sump

PFDBS reduces turbulence inlower sump

Note: Two sets of controls required (two sumps)

Gas and entrained liquids enter CT

98% of 3 micron and larger, liquid and

entrained solids

Use a Separator when:>>Light mist or entrained liquid>>No Slugs present

Applications•Vent Gas•Compression•Meter & Regulation Stations

SEPARATORS

Outlet

Inlet

Entrained liquids removed by CT

Liquids collect in sump

CYCLOTUBE SEPARATOR

98% of 3 micron and larger, liquid andentrained solids

Outlet

VANE INLINE SEPARATOR

Inlet

Entrained liquids removed by Vane

Liquids collect in sump

Liquid fall from bottomof vane

98% of 8 micron and larger, liquid andentrained solids

FILTER ELEMENTS

Types of Filters

Depth Surface (Pleated) Peach“Gradient Density”

PEACHPeco Engineered Applied Conical Helix

• Radial Flow• Axial Flow• Helical Flow

• Intelligent Filter• More Open Fiber

Matrix• Lower dP

Intelligent Flow Pattern

Yoke Style Yoke Style (Large)

Internal Door Style Blind Flange Style

VESSEL ENTRY CLOSURES

Screw Type

REMOVAL OF SOLIDS FROM GAS

• - Remove Solids and Semi-Solids from Gas• >>Method 1 = Depth Cartridge Filter• >>Method 2 = Pleated (Surface Barrier) Cartridge

• Depth Cartridge is Needed for Semi-Solids, Deformable, or Shear Sensitive Solids.

• Ex. - Iron sulfide, Asphaltines

• Pleated Cartridge is used for Rigid Solids (Most applications)• Ex. - Iron Oxide, Scale, Sand

Dry Gas Filtration

Gas Filtration Products

Applications:•Desiccant Removal•Fuel Gas•Meter Stations•Regulator Stations

99.98% of solidparticles 1 micron and larger

DRY GAS FILTER

FILTER ELEMENTPSFG-336PCHG-336

Horizontal

Vertical

Gas Filtration ProductsGas Filtration Products

Dry Gas Filter

Inlet

Outlet

Risers

Elements

Closure

FILTER SEPARATORS

Remove Solids and Liquids from Gas

• Technology developed in 1955 (PECOFacet)

• Removes both liquid and solids for the gas stream

• Can be designed to handle small liquid slugs

• The filter separator has two stages. The first stage utilizes risers and coalescing elements to remove bulk liquids and solids and to coalesceaerosol into larger droplets. The second stage uses a mist eliminator toremove the droplets that were coalesced in the first stage.

• Filter separators are designed to remove moderate liquid and solidsloads. They should not be used in services where large slugs of liquids or solids are expected.

Gas Filtration Products

Applications:•Compressor Suction•Storage Facilities•M&R Stations•Processing Plants

99.98% of liquid droplets and solidparticles 1 micron and larger

FILTER SEPARATOR

FILTER ELEMENTPCHG-324/336/372FG-324/336/372

Horizontal

Vertical

The Filter Separator Mechanism

Sump and downcomer sizing

Bulk liquids and solids impingeon risers and fall out

Entrained solids filtered whileentrained liquids are coalesce

by coalescing elements

Liquids collect in sump

Coalesced dropletsremoved by vane

Closure

Inlet

Bulk liquids and solids impingeon risers and fall out

Bulk liquids collectin upper sump

Coalesced dropletsremoved by vane

Outlet

Liquids removed byvane drain to lower sump

Entrained solids filtered whileentrained liquids are coalescedby coalescing elements

Closure

Vertical

Filter Separator

Filter Separator Technology still widely utilized

PEACH Element Technology - DOE

Z-Bar riser with threaded stud, flat washer / rubber washer / dimple washer / double nut

Efficiencies as good as 99.98% - 1 micron & larger solids and liquids

Not recommended for low surface tension liquids, fouling, sticky or critical service

• >>Remove Fine Aerosols and Solids from Gas• >>Gas Polishing

• Technology was introduced in 1983

• Only in Vertical configuration until 1999

• Achieves 99.98% removal effiicency of 0.3 micron on solids and 99.5% removal efficiency of liquids

• The reverse flow coalescing filter is designed for relatively clean services that require final polishing or services in which the contaminant is submicronic and present in small quantity. Unless special considerations are made it should not be used where there are moderate or high liquid or solid loads.

REVERSE FLOW COALESCING FILTERS

Gas Filtration Products

Applications:•Contact Tower Inlet•Contact Tower Overhead•Desiccant Bed Inlet•Fuel Gas•Compressor Discharge•Storage Wells

99.5% of liquid, 0.3 Micron and larger99.99% of solids, 0.3 Micron and larger

100% Turndown

VERTICAL GAS COALESCER

FILTER ELEMENTNGGC-336FF-336

The Coalescing Filter Mechanism

Outlet

Inlet

Gas forced to make 180degree turn before exiting

Bulk liquids and solids fall intobottom sump

PEFDB reduces turbulence in the sump

Liquids removed by elementscollect in upper sump

Gas Filtration Products

Inlet

Coalesced liquids and solids fall intobottom sump

Outlet

Entrained solids filtered whileentrained liquids are coalescedby coalescing element. Insideto outside flow.

Gas and entrained liquidsare enter directly into theCoalescing element

Note: Only one sump

ClosureGas is forced to makea 180 degree turn beforeexiting.

Single Element Design

Reverse Flow Coalescer Technology still widely utilized

Tripod riser with threaded rod / single nut

Not recommended for solids

Not recommended for liquids loading greater than fogs or aerosol mist

Excellent on low surface tension liquids and critical service

Not recommended for fouling or sticky service

Reverse Flow Coalescer

>>Remove Fine Aerosols and Solids from Gas>>Gas Polishing

• Technology introduced in 1999 (PECOFacet’s Gemini)

• Achieves 99.98% removal efficiency of 0.3 micron on solids and 99.5% removal efficiency of liquids

• 2 Stage Vessel

• 4 stages of coalescing

• First stage outside to inside flow

• Second stage inside to outside flow

• Combines the dirt and liquid handling characteristics of a Filter Separator with an overall Performance guaranteed to exceed that of a traditional reverse flow Coalescer

Horizontal Gas Coalescing Filter

Gas Filtration ProductsGemini Horizontal Coalescer

Applications:•Compressor Suction and Discharge•Low NOx Fuel Gas•M&R Stations•Glycol Tower Inlet•Glycol Tower Overhead

99.5% of liquid, 0.3 Micron and larger99.99% of solids, 0.3 Micron and larger100% Turndown

FILTER ELEMENTPGC-373/382/394

Peach Gemini PuraSep

2 Stage Liquid Sump

Outside to Inside flow

Inside to Outside flow

Support

LIB

Closure

Gas Filtration Products

• HIGH DIRT LOAD CAPACITY

•HIGH LIQUID LOAD PER ELEMENT (0.5 GPM PER ELEMENT)

•GREATER EFFICENCY OVER THE FILTER SEPARATOR

•100% TURNDOWN RATIO

•NO CONVENTIONAL 2ND STAGE INTERNALS

•MAINTENANCE FRIENDLY

•HORIZONTAL DESIGN, NO LADDERS OR PLATFORM

OFFERS REMOVAL EFFICIENCY OF A VERTICAL COALESCER WHILE HANDLING LIQUID AND SOLIDS CONTAIMINANTS OF A FILTER SEPARATOR

Horizontal Coalescer Advantages

• QUESTIONS AND COMMENTS