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TG/14/2 Tarikh : 27 Oktober 2017 Date : 27 Oktober 2017
GARIS PANDUAN KEBANGSAAN UNTUK MENJALANKAN UJIAN
KELAINAN, KESERAGAMAN DAN KESTABILAN
NATIONAL GUIDELINES
FOR THE CONDUCT OF TESTS
FOR DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY
Nama Lain: Alternative Names:
Nama Botani Botanical Name
Nama Biasa Common Name
Capsicum annuum L.
Capsicum frutescens L.
Cili Chilli, Hot Pepper
Cili padi Bird's eye chilli
JABATAN PERTANIAN MALAYSIA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE MALAYSIA
OKTOBER 2017 OCTOBER 2017
CILI
CHILLI
(Capsicum annuum L. & Capsicum frutescens L.)
(Hylocereus spp. and their hybrids)
i
JADUAL KANDUNGAN TABLE OF CONTENTS
HLM.
PAGE 1.0 SUBJEK GARIS PANDUAN UJIAN
SUBJECT OF THESE TEST GUIDELINES 1
2.0 BAHAN YANG DIPERLUKAN
MATERIAL REQUIRED 1
3.0 KAEDAH PEMERIKSAAN
METHOD OF EXAMINATION
3.1 Bilangan Kitaran Pertumbuhan Number of Growing Cycles
2
3.2 Tempat Ujian Testing Place
2
3.3 Keadaan bagi Menjalankan Pemeriksaan Conditions for Conducting the Examination
2
3.4 Reka Bentuk Ujian Test Design
3
3.5 Ujian Tambahan Additional Tests
3
4.0 PENILAIAN KELAINAN, KESERAGAMAN DAN KESTABILAN
ASSESSMENT OF DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY
4.1 Kelainan Distinctness
3
4.2 Keseragaman Uniformity
6
4.3 Kestabilan Stability
7
5.0 PENGELOMPOKAN VARIETI DAN PERANCANGAN & PELAKSANAAN UJIAN PENANAMAN GROUPING OF VARIETIES AND ORGANIZATION OF THE GROWING
TRIAL
7
6.0 PENGENALAN KEPADA JADUAL CIRI INTRODUCTION TO THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS
6.1 Kategori Ciri Categories of Characteristics
8
6.2 Tahap Ekspresi dan Catatan yang Berkaitan States of Expression and Corresponding Notes
9
6.3 Jenis Ekspresi 10
ii
Types of Expression 6.4 Varieti Contoh
Example Varieties 10
6.5 Petunjuk Legend
10
7.0 PENJELASAN JADUAL CIRI
EXPLANATIONS ON THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS 12
8.0 JADUAL CIRI
TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS 13
9.0 RUJUKAN
LITERATURE 54
10.0 BORANG SOAL SELIDIK TEKNIKAL
TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
56
11.0 PENGHARGAAN ACKNOWLEDGMENT
66
1
1.0 SUBJEK GARIS PANDUAN UJIAN
SUBJECT OF THESE TEST GUIDELINES
Garis panduan ini digunakan bagi semua varieti Capsicum annuum L. dan
Capsicum frutescens L.
These Test Guidelines apply to all varieties of Capsicum annuum L. and Capsicum
frutescens L.
2.0 BAHAN YANG DIPERLUKAN
MATERIAL REQUIRED
2.1 Pihak berkuasa kompeten memutuskan kuantiti dan kualiti bahan tanaman yang diperlukan bagi pengujian varieti serta bila dan di mana tempat bahan tanaman itu perlu diserahkan. Pemohon yang menyerahkan bahan dari negara selain Malaysia di mana ujian dijalankan mesti memastikan semua keperluan rasmi kastam dan keperluan fitosanitari dipatuhi. The competent authority decides on the quantity and quality of the plant
material required for testing the variety and when and where it is to be delivered.
Applicants submitting material from a Country other than Malaysia in which the
testing takes place must ensure that all customs formalities and phytosanitary
requirements are complied with.
2.2 Bahan perlulah dibekalkan dalam bentuk biji benih atau anak benih The material is to be supplied in the form of seed or seedlings.
2.3 Kuantiti minimum bahan tanaman untuk dibekalkan oleh pemohon seharusnya
The minimum quantity of plant material, to be supplied by the applicant, should
be:
5g biji benih 5g of seeds
atau or
100 anak benih 100 seedlings
2.4 Biji benih seharusnya memenuhi keperluan minimum bagi percambahan, ketulenan fizikal, kesihatan dan kandungan lembapan, yang akan ditentukan oleh pihak yang kompeten.
The seed should meet the minimum requirements for germination, species and
analytical purity, health and moisture content, specified by the competent authority.
2.5 Bahan tanaman yang dibekalkan seharusnya kelihatan sihat, cergas dan tiada kesan kerosakan akibat daripada mana-mana perosak atau penyakit yang berbahaya.
2
The plant material supplied should be visibly healthy, not lacking in vigor, nor affected
by any important pest or disease.
2.6 Bahan tanaman tidak seharusnya melalui apa-apa rawatan yang mungkin
menjejaskan ekspresi ciri varieti, melainkan pihak yang kompeten membenarkan atau
meminta rawatan itu dilakukan. Sekiranya bahan tanaman telah dirawat, butiran
penuh tentang rawatan mestilah diberikan.
The plant material should not have undergone any treatment which would affect the
expression of the characteristics of the variety, unless the competent authorities allow or
request such treatment. If it has been treated, full details of the treatment must be given.
3.0 KAEDAH PEMERIKSAAN
METHOD OF EXAMINATION
3.1 Bilangan Kitaran Pertumbuhan
Number of Growing Cycles
Tempoh minimum bagi ujian seharusnya dua kitaran pertumbuhan bebas.
The minimum duration of tests should normally be two independent growing cycles.
3.2 Tempat Ujian Testing Place
Biasanya ujian dijalankan di satu tempat. Jika ujian dijalankan di lebih daripada
satu tempat, garis panduan diberi dalam dokumen UPOV TGP/9: Examining
Distinctness.
Tests are normally conducted at one place. In the case of tests conducted at more than
one place, guidance is provided in UPOV documents TGP/9 “Examining Distinctness”.
3.3 Keadaan bagi Menjalankan Pemeriksaan
Conditions for Conducting the Examination
3.3.1 Ujian seharusnya dijalankan di bawah keadaan yang memastikan pertumbuhan adalah memuaskan bagi ekspresi ciri varieti yang berkaitan dan bagi pemeriksaan yang dijalankan.
The tests should be carried out under conditions ensuring satisfactory growth
for the expression of the relevant characteristics of the variety and for the conduct of
the examination.
3.3.2 Peringkat tumbesaran bagi penilaian Stage of development for the assessment
Peringkat tumbesaran yang terbaik bagi penilaian setiap ciri ditunjukkan oleh huruf dalam lajur kedua Jadual Ciri. Peringkat tumbesaran yang ditandakan oleh setiap huruf dihuraikan dalam Bab 7.0.
3
The optimum stage of development for the assessment of each characteristic is
indicated by a letter in the second column of the Table of Characteristics. The stages of
development denoted by each letter are described at Chapter 7.0.
3.4. Reka Bentuk Ujian Test Design
3.4.1 Setiap ujian seharusnya direka bagi menghasilkan jumlah sekurang-kurangnya
20 pokok yang seharusnya dibahagi kepada 2 replikasi.
Each test should be designed to result in a total of at least 20 plants which should be
divided between 2 replicates.
3.4.2 Reka bentuk ujian seharusnya direka supaya tanaman atau bahagian tanaman
boleh diasingkan untuk diukur atau dikira tanpa menjejaskan pemerhatian yang
selanjutnya.
The design of the tests should be such that plants or parts of plants may be removed for
measurement or counting without prejudice to the observations which must be made up to the
end of the growing cycle.
3.5. Ujian Tambahan Additional Tests
Ujian tambahan, untuk memeriksa ciri berkaitan, boleh diperiksa bila atau di
mana perlu.
Additional tests, for examining relevant characteristics, may be examined when/where
necessary.
4.0 PENILAIAN KELAINAN, KESERAGAMAN DAN KESTABILAN
ASSESSMENT OF DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY
4.1 Kelainan
Distinctness
4.1.1 Syor Umum General Recommendations
Amat penting bagi pengguna Garis Panduan Ujian ini untuk merujuk dokumen
UPOV TGP 1/3: General Introduction sebelum membuat keputusan berkenaan
dengan kelainan. Walau bagaimanapun, perkara berikut diberikan bagi huraian lebih
lanjut atau penekanan dalam Garis Panduan ini.
It is of particular importance for users of these Test Guidelines to consult the UPOV
documents TGP 1/3: General Introduction prior to making decisions regarding distinctness.
However, the following points are provided for elaboration or emphasis in these Test
Guidelines.
4
4.1.2 Perbezaan yang Konsisten
Consistent Differences
Sekiranya perbezaan yang diperhatikan antara varieti amat jelas, satu kitaran
pertumbuhan adalah mencukupi. Selain itu, dalam sesetengah keadaan sekiranya
tidak terdapat perbezaan yang jelas yang mungkin disebabkan oleh faktor
persekitaran, lebih daripada satu kitaran pertumbuhan diperlukan untuk memberikan
kepastian bahawa perbezaan yang diperhatikan antara varieti supaya cukup
konsisten. Satu cara untuk memastikan perbezaan dalam satu ciri yang diperhatikan
dalam satu ujian penanaman cukup konsisten adalah dengan memeriksa ciri pada
sekurang-kurangnya dua kitaran pertumbuhan yang bebas.
The differences observed between varieties may be so clear that more than one growing
cycle is not necessary. In addition, in some circumstances, the influence of the environment is
not such that more than a single growing cycle is required to provide assurance that the
differences observed between varieties are sufficiently consistent. One means of ensuring that
a difference in a characteristic, observed in a growing trial, is sufficiently consistent is to
examine the characteristic in at least two independent growing cycles.
4.1.3 Perbezaan Jelas
Clear Differences
Menentukan sama ada sesuatu perbezaan antara dua varieti adalah jelas atau
tidak bergantung pada banyak faktor, dan seharusnya mengambil kira terutamanya
jenis ekspresi ciri yang diperiksa, iaitu sama ada ciri itu diekspresikan dalam cara
kualitatif, kuantitatif, atau pseudokualitatif. Justeru itu, penting bagi pengguna Garis
Panduan Ujian ini untuk mengetahui syor yang terkandung dalam dokumen UPOV
TGP 1/3: General Introduction sebelum membuat keputusan berkenaan dengan
kelainan.
Determining whether a difference between two varieties is clear depends on many
factors, and should consider, in particular, the type of expression of the characteristic being
examined, i.e. whether it is expressed in a qualitative, quantitative, or pseudo-qualitative
manner. Therefore, it is important that users of these Test Guidelines are familiar with the
recommendations contained in the UPOV document TG/1/3 “General Introduction” prior to
making decisions regarding distinctness.
4.1.4 Bilangan Pokok / Bahagian Pokok untuk Diperiksa
Number of Plants / Parts of Plants to be Examined
Kecuali dinyatakan sebaliknya, semua pemerhatian mestilah dibuat pada 20
pokok atau bahagian pokok yang diambil setiap satu daripada 20 pokok itu.
Unless otherwise indicated, all observations should be made on 20 plants or parts taken
from each of 20 plants.
5
4.1.5 Jenis pemerhatian Method of observation
Kaedah pemerhatian ciri yang disyorkan untuk tujuan kelainan, diberikan oleh petunjuk berikut dalam lajur kedua Jadual Ciri, Bab 8.0 dokumen ini (Rujuk dokumen TGP/9 “Examining Distinctness”, Section 4 “Observation of characteristics”) :
The recommended method of observing the characteristic for the purposes of
distinctness is indicated by the following key in the second column of the Table of
Characteristics (see document TGP/9 “Examining Distinctness”, Section 4 “Observation of
characteristics”):
MG: satu pengukuran ke atas sekumpulan pokok atau bahagian pokok;
single measurement of a group of plants or parts of plants;
MS: pengukuran bagi beberapa pokok atau bahagian pokok secara individu;
measurement of a number of individual plants or parts of plants;
VG: penilaian secara visual dengan satu pemerhatian ke atas sekumpulan pokok
atau bahagian pokok;
visual assessment by a single observation of a group of plants or parts of plants;
VS: penilaian secara visual dengan memerhati setiap pokok atau bahagian pokok.
visual assessment by observation of individual plants or parts of plants.
Jenis pemerhatian: visual (V) atau pengukuran (M) Type of observation: visual (V) or measurement (M)
Pemerhatian “visual” (V) adalah pemerhatian yang dilakukan berdasarkan
kepada penilaian oleh pakar tanaman. Untuk tujuan dokumen ini, pemerhatian “visual” merujuk kepada pemerhatian deria oleh pakar merangkumi deria bau, rasa dan sentuhan. Pemerhatian visual juga merangkumi pemerhatian oleh pakar menggunakan beberapa rujukan (cth: diagram, varieti contoh, perbandingan bersebelahan) atau carta “non-linear” (cth: carta warna). Pengukuran (M) adalah pemerhatian secara objektif yang menggunakan kaedah penentu-ukur, skala linear cth: mengunakan pembaris, penimbang, meter warna, bilangan, pengiraan dan lain-lain.
“Visual” observation (V) is an observation made on the basis of the expert’s judgment.
For the purposes of this document, “visual” observation refers to the sensory observations of
the experts and, therefore, also includes smell, taste and touch. Visual observation includes
observations where the expert uses reference points (e.g. diagrams, example varieties, side-by-
side comparison) or non-linear charts (e.g. color charts). Measurement (M) is an objective
observation against a calibrated, linear scale e.g. using a ruler, weighing scales, colorimeter,
dates, counts, etc.
Jenis pemerhatian: untuk sekumpulan tanaman (G) atau untuk tanaman
tunggal (S)
6
Type of records: for a group of plants (G) or for single, individual plants (S)
Untuk tujuan kelainan, pemerhatian akan direkodkan sebagai rekod tunggal bagi sekumpulan tanaman atau sekumpulan bahagian tanaman (G), atau direkodkan sebagai rekod tunggal, setiap tanaman atau setiap bahagian tanaman (S). Dalam kebanyakan kes, “G” menunjukkan rekod tunggal untuk setiap varieti dan kaedah analisis statistik tidak perlu dijalankan pada setiap tumbuhan untuk penilaian kelainan.
For the purposes of distinctness, observations may be recorded as a single record for
a group of plants or parts of plants (G), or may be recorded as records for a number of single,
individual plants or parts of plants (S). In most cases, “G” provides a single record per variety
and it is not possible or necessary to apply statistical methods in a plant-by-plant analysis for
the assessment of distinctness.
Dalam kes di mana terdapat lebih daripada satu kaedah pemerhatian
dinyatakan dalam Jadual Ciri (cth: VG/MG), garis panduan untuk memilih kaedah yang bersesuaian dinyatakan di dalam dokumen TGP/9, seksyen 4.2.
In cases where more than one method of observing the characteristic is indicated in the
Table of Characteristic (e.g. VG/MG), guidance on selecting an appropriate method is
provided in document TGP/9, Section 4.2.
4.2 Keseragaman Uniformity
4.2.1 Amat penting bagi pengguna Garis Panduan Ujian ini untuk merujuk dokumen
UPOV TGP 1/3: General Introduction sebelum membuat keputusan berkenaan
dengan keseragaman. Walau bagaimanapun, perkara berikut diberikan sebagai
huraian lebih lanjut atau penekanan dalam Garis Panduan ini.
It is of particular importance for users of these Test Guidelines to consult the UPOV
document TGP 1/3: General Introduction prior to making decisions regarding uniformity.
However, the following points are provided for elaboration or emphasis in these Test
Guidelines.
4.2.2 Bagi penilaian keseragaman bagi varieti pendebungaan terbuka, piawaian
populasi sebanyak 2% dan kebarangkalian penerimaan sekurang-kurangnya 95%
seharusnya digunakan. Dalam kes saiz sampel 20 pokok, 2 jenis ganjil dibenarkan.
For the assessment of uniformity of cross-pollinated varieties, a population standard
of 2% and an acceptance probability of at least 95% should be applied. In the case of a sample
size of 20 plants, 2 off-types are allowed.
4.2.3 Bagi penilaian keseragaman bagi hibrid, piawaian populasi sebanyak 1% dan
kebarangkalian penerimaan sekurang-kurangnya 95% seharusnya digunakan. Dalam
kes saiz sampel 20 pokok, 1 jenis ganjil dibenarkan.
7
For the assessment of uniformity of hybrids, a population standard of 1% and an
acceptance probability of at least 95% should be applied. In the case of a sample size of 20
plants, 1 off-type is allowed.
4.3 Kestabilan
Stability
4.3.1 Secara praktikalnya, ujian kestabilan adalah jarang dijalankan bagi
menghasilkan keputusan yang begitu pasti seperti keputusan ujian kelainan dan
keseragaman. Namun begitu, pengalaman menunjukkan bahawa bagi kebanyakan
jenis varieti, apabila sesuatu varieti terbukti seragam, ia boleh dianggap sebagai stabil.
In practice, it is not usual to perform tests of stability that produce results as certain as those
of the testing of distinctness and uniformity. However, experience has demonstrated that, for
many types of variety, when a variety has been shown to be uniform, it can also be considered
to be stable.
4.3.2 Apabila sesuai atau jika terdapat keraguan, kestabilan boleh diuji, sama ada
dengan menanam generasi selanjutnya, atau dengan menguji stok biji benih yang
baru untuk memastikan tanaman itu menunjukkan ciri yang sama seperti yang
ditunjukkan oleh bahan yang dibekalkan sebelumnya.
Where appropriate, or in cases of doubt, stability may be tested, either by growing a further
generation, or by testing a new seed stock to ensure that it exhibits the same characteristics as
those shown by the previous material supplied.
5.0 PENGELOMPOKAN VARIETI DAN PERANCANGAN & PELAKSANAAN
UJIAN PENANAMAN
GROUPING OF VARIETIES AND ORGANIZATION OF THE GROWING TRIAL
5.1 Pemilihan varieti yang diketahui umum untuk ditanam dalam ujian bersama-
sama varieti calon dan cara varieti ini dibahagikan kepada kelompok bagi
memudahkan penilaian kelainan, dibantu oleh penggunaan ciri pengelompokan.
The selection of varieties of common knowledge to be grown in the trial with the
candidate varieties and the way in which these varieties are divided into groups to facilitate
the assessment of distinctness are aided by the use of grouping characteristics.
5.2 Ciri pengelompokan ialah ciri yang keadaan ekspresinya telah didokumenkan
walaupun dihasilkan di lokasi berlainan, boleh digunakan sama ada secara
berasingan atau secara gabungan dengan ciri lain:
Grouping characteristics are those in which the documented states of expression, even
where produced at different locations, can be used, either individually or in combination with
other such characteristics:
8
(a) untuk memilih varieti yang diketahui umum yang boleh dikecualikan dalam
ujian penanaman yang digunakan bagi memeriksa kelainan; dan
to select varieties of common knowledge that can be excluded from the growing trial
used for examination of distinctness; and
(b) untuk mengaturkan ujian penanaman supaya varieti yang serupa
dikelompokkan bersama.
to organize the growing trial so that similar varieties are grouped together.
5.3 Yang berikut telah dipersetujui sebagai ciri pengelompokan yang sesuai:
The following have been agreed as useful grouping characteristics:
(a) Anak benih: pewarnaan antosianin pada hipokotil (ciri 1)
Seedling: anthocyanin coloration of hypocotyl (characteristic 1)
(b) Batang: buku perantaraan memendek pada bahagian atas (ciri 4)
Plant: shortened internode in upper part (characteristic 4)
(c) Buah: warna sebelum matang (ciri 25)
Fruit: color before maturity (characteristic 25)
(d) Buah: sifat (ciri 28)
Fruit: attitude (characteristic 28)
(e) Buah: bentuk keratan memanjang (ciri 32)
Fruit: shape in longitudinal section (characteristic 32)
(f) Buah: warna pada peringkat matang (ciri 38)
Fruit: color at maturity (characteristic 38)
5.4 Garis panduan bagi penggunaan ciri pengelompokan, dalam proses
memeriksa kelainan, diberi dalam dokumen UPOV TGP 1/3: General Introduction dan
dokumen TGP/9 “Examining Distinctness”.
Guidance for the use of grouping characteristics, in the process of examining
distinctness, is provided through the UPOV document TGP 1/3:General Intoduction and
document TGP/9 “Examining Distinctness”.
6.0 PENGENALAN KEPADA JADUAL CIRI
INTRODUCTION TO THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS
6.1 Kategori Ciri Categories of Characteristics
6.1.1 Ciri Garis Panduan Ujian Nasional
National Test Guidelines Characteristics
9
Ciri Garis Panduan Ujian Nasional ini merupakan ciri yang disesuaikan
daripada Garis Panduan Ujian Piawaian UPOV dan EAPVP bagi pemeriksaan DUS.
National Test Guidelines characteristics are those which are adopted from UPOV and
EAPVP Standard Test Guidelines for examination of DUS.
6.1.2 Ciri Bertanda Asterisk
Asterisked Characteristics
Ciri bertanda asterisk ditandakan dengan (*) ialah ciri yang terdapat dalam
Garis Panduan Ujian yang merupakan ciri penting bagi penyelarasan deskripsi varieti
pada peringkat antarabangsa dan seharusnya selalu diperiksa untuk DUS, dan
dimasukkan dalam deskripsi varieti, kecuali apabila keadaan ekspresi ciri yang
sebelumnya atau keadaan persekitaran kawasan menjadikannya tidak sesuai.
Asterisked Characteristics (denoted by *) are those included in the Test Guidelines
which are important for the international harmonization of variety descriptions and should
always be examined for DUS and included in the variety description by all members of the
Union, except when the state of expression of a preceding characteristic or regional
environmental conditions render this inappropriate.
6.2 Tahap Ekspresi dan Catatan Berkaitan States of Expression and Corresponding Notes
6.2.1 Tahap ekspresi diberi bagi setiap ciri untuk menjelaskan ciri dan untuk menyelaraskan pencirian. Setiap tahap ekspresi diperuntukkan catatan bernombor yang sepadan bagi memudahkan merekod data dan bagi penerbitan serta pertukaran pencirian.
States of expression are given for each characteristic to define the characteristic and to
harmonize descriptions. Each state of expression is allocated a corresponding numerical note
for ease of recording of data and for the production and exchange of the description.
6.2.2 Berhubung dengan ciri kualitatif dan pseudo-kualitatif (lihat bab 6.3), atau keadaan ekspressi yang bersesuaian, dinyatakan pada ciri tersebut. Walaubagaimana pun bagi ciri yang terdapat 5 atau lebih sifat, skala singkatan boleh digunakan untuk meminimakan saiz Jadual Ciri. Sebagai contoh, bagi ciri kuantitatif dengan 9 sifat, pernyataan sifat ekspressi dalam garispanduan ujian boleh disingkatkan sebagai berikut:
In the case qualitative and pseudo-qualitative characteristics (see Chapter 6.3), or
relevant states of expression are presented in the characteristic. However, in the case of
characteristic with 5 or more states and abbreviated scale may be used to minimize the size of
Table of Characteristics. For example, in the case of quantitative characteristics with 9 states,
the presentation of states of expression in the test guidelines may be abbreviated as follows:
Sifat/State Note
Kecil/Small 3
Sederhana/Medium 5
Besar/large 7
10
Walau bagaimanapun kesemua sembilan (9) varieti tahap ekspresi yang ada untuk mencirikan varieti perlu digunakan secara bersesuaian.
However, each should be noted that all of the following 9 states of expression exist to
described varieties and should be used as appropriate:
Sifat/State Note
Sangat kecil/Very small 1
Sangat kecil hingga kecil/Very small to small 2
Kecil/Small 3
Kecil hingga sederhana/Small to medium 4
Sederhana/Medium 5
Sederhana hingga besar/Medium to large 6
Besar/Large 7
Besar hingga sangat besar/Large to very large 8
Sangat besar/Very large 9
6.2.3. Penjelasan lanjut mengenai pernyataan sifat ekspressi dan not terdapat dalam dokumen TGP/7 “Development of Test Guidelines”.
Further explanation of the presentation of states of expression and notes is provided in
document TGP/7 “Development of Test Guidelines”.
6.3 Jenis Ekspresi Types of Expression
Penjelasan tentang jenis ekspresi ciri (kualitatif, kuantitatif dan pseudokualitatif) diberi dalam dokumen UPOV TGP 1/3: General Introduction.
An explanation of the types of expression of characteristics (qualitative, quantitative
and pseudo-qualitative) is provided in the UPOV document TGP 1/3: General Introduction.
6.4 Varieti-varieti Contoh Example Varieties
Di mana sesuai, varieti-varieti contoh diberi untuk menjelaskan keadaan ekspresi setiap ciri.
Where appropriate, example varieties are provided to clarify the states of expression
of each characteristic.
6.5 Petunjuk Legend
(*) Ciri bertanda asterisk – lihat Bab 6 (Seksyen 6.1.2) Asterisked characteristic – see Chapter 6 (Section 6.1.2)
(QL) Ciri kualitatif – lihat Bab 6 (Seksyen 6.3) Qualitative characteristic – see Chapter 6 (Section 6.3)
11
(QN) Ciri kuantitatif – lihat Bab 6 (Seksyen 6.3) Quantitative characteristic – see Chapter 6 (Section 6.3)
(PQ) Ciri pseudokualitatif – lihat Bab 6 (Seksyen 6.3) Pseudo-Qualitative characteristic – see Chapter 6 (Section 6.3)
MG, MS, VG, VS: lihat bahagian 4.1.5 see section 4.1.5
(a) – (e) Lihat Penjelasan meliputi beberapa ciri dalam Bab 7.0.
(a) - (e) See Explanations Covering Several Characteristics in Chapter 7.0.
(+) Lihat Penjelasan bagi ciri individu dalam Bab 7.0. See Explanations for Individual Characteristics in Chapter 7.0.
12
7.0 PENJELASAN JADUAL CIRI
EXPLANATIONS ON THE TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS
Penjelasan meliputi beberapa ciri
Explanations covering several characteristics
Ciri-ciri yang mengandungi petunjuk berikut dalam kolum kedua Jadual Ciri
seharusnya diperiksa seperti yang ditunjukkan di bawah ini:
Characteristics containing the following key in the second column of the Table of
Characteristics should be examined as indicated below:
a) Ciri-ciri yang seharusnya dinilai sebelum buah matang, i.e sebelum perubahan
warna pertama pada buah
Characteristics which should be examined before fruit maturity, i.e. before the first change
of fruit color.
b) Ciri-ciri yang seharusnya dinilai semasa buah matang, i.e selepas perubahan
warna pertama pada buah
Characteristics which should be examined at fruit maturity, i.e. after the time of the first
change of fruit color.
13
8.0 JADUAL CIRI
TABLE OF CHARACTERISTICS
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
1.
(*)
(+)
QL
(U:1)
VG
Anak benih: pewarnaan
antosianin pada hipokotil
Seedling: anthocyanin
colouration of hypocotyl
tiada
absent
ada
present
Semerah
MC 11
1
9
Tamb.(1): Anak benih: pewarnaan antosianin pada hipokotil Ad.(1): Seedling: anthocyanin coloration of hypocotyl
2.
(+)
QN
(U:2)
VG
Pokok: tabiat
Plant: habit
menegak
upright
separa menegak
semi-upright
melata
prostrate
MC11
Kulai, CT01P,
Bara
Green Eagle 223
1
2
3
1 ada
absent
9 tiada
present
14
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(2): Pokok: tabiat
Ad.(2): Plant: habit
3.
(+)
QN
(U:3)
VG
Pokok: panjang batang
Plant : length of stem
pendek
short
sederhana
medium
panjang
long
Bara, GE233
Kulai, MC11,
CTO1P
3
5
7
1 menegak
upright
2 separa menegak
semi-upright
3 melata
prostrate
15
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(3): Pokok: panjang batang
Ad.(3): Plant : length of stem
Panjang batang diukur dari paras tanah sehingga cabang pertama.
The length of the stem is measured from the ground level to the first branching.
4.
(*)
(+)
QL
(U:4)
VG
Pokok: ruas memendek
(pada bahagian atas)
Plant: shortened internode
(in upper part)
tiada
absent
ada
present
MC11, CT01P
1
9
5.
(+)
QN
(U:5)
MS
Varieti dengan ruas
memendek sahaja: Pokok:
bilangan ruas antara bunga
pertama dan ruas
memendek
Varieties with shortened
internode only: Plant:
number of internodes
between the first flower and
shortened internodes
tiada
none
satu hingga tiga
one to three
lebih dari tiga
more than three
1
2
3
Panjang
batang
16
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(4): Pokok: ruas memendek (pada bahagian atas)
Ad.(4): Plant: shortened internode (in upper part)
Tamb.(5): Varieti dengan ruas memendek sahaja: Pokok: bilangan ruas antara bunga pertama
dan ruas memendek
Ad.(5): Varieties with shortened internode only: Plant: number of internodes between the first flower
and shortened internodes
Ujikaji ini seharusnya dijalankan pada pokok yang masih belum dicantas. Sistem pucuk bagi cili terdiri daripada batang utama, yang bercabang keluar dari paksi utama dan pucuk sisi. Dua jenis pertumbuhan batang utama dapat dibezakan:
The tests should be done on plants which have not been pruned. The shoot system of pepper consists of
main stems, which are branched off from the main axis and side shoots. Two growth types of the main
stems can be distinguished:
Pertumbuhan Jenis A: batang utama tumbuh pada masa perantaraan: satu atau dua bunga terbentuk
bagi setiap buku dan ruas memendek tidak pernah terbentuk.
Growth type A: the main stems grow indeterminately; one or two flowers develop per node and shortened
internodes never develop.
Pertumbuhan Jenis B: selepas pertumbuhan dahan pertama pada paksi utama, ruas yang lebih pendek
muncul dan pertumbuhan dahan utama berakhir dalam bentuk jambak bunga (ianya kelihatan terdapat
dua atau lebih bunga pada setiap buku)
Growth type B: after the first branching of the main axis, shorter internodes appear and the growth of
the main stem ends in a bunch of flowers (it appears as if there are more than two flowers per node).
Pucuk sisi terbentuk dari buku paksi utama dan pada dahan utama.
Side shoots develop from the nodes on the main axis and on the main stems.
17
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Jenis A Jenis B
Growth type A Growth type B
Ciri (4): Pokok: ruas memendek (pada bahagian atas)
Char. (4): Plant : shortened internode (in upper part)
1
tiada
absent
9
ada
present
6.
QN
(U:6)
MS/
VG
Varieti tanpa ruas
memendek: Pokok: panjang
ruas (pada dahan pertama
pada paksi utama)
Varieties without shortened
internode: Plant: length of
internode (on the first
branching of the main axis)
pendek
short
sederhana
medium
panjang
long
sangat panjang
very long
Bara
Kulai, MC11
3
5
7
9
5
18
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
7.
(+)
QN
(U:8)
VG
Batang: keamatan
pewarnaan antosianin
pada buku
Stem: intensity of
anthocyanin coloration of
nodes
tiada atau sangat
lemah
absent or very
weak
lemah
weak
sederhana
medium
kuat
strong
sangat kuat
very strong
Kulai 568
MC11, CT01P
1
3
5
7
9
Tamb.(7): Batang: keamatan pewarnaan antosianin pada buku
Ad.(7): Stem: intensity of anthocyanin coloration of nodes
1 tiada atau sangat
lemah
absent or very
weak
5 sederhana
medium
7 kuat
strong
3 lemah
weak
19
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
8.
(+)
QN
(U:9)
VG
Batang: pubesen pada buku
Stem: pubescence of nodes
tiada atau sangat
lemah
absent or very
weak
lemah
weak
sederhana
medium
kuat
strong
sangat kuat
very strong
Kulai, MC11
Bara
1
3
5
7
9
Tamb.(8): Batang pubesen pada buku
Ad.(8): Stem: pubescence of nodes
1 tiada atau sangat
lemah
absent or very weak
3 lemah
weak
5 sederhana
medium
7 kuat
strong
20
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
9.
(+)
QN
(U:10)
MS/
VG
(b)
Pokok: tinggi
Plant: height
pendek
short
sederhana
medium
tinggi
tall
GE233
Cili bangi 2
MC11
3
5
7
Tamb.(9): Pokok: tinggi
Ad.(9): Plant: height
Pemerhatian dilakukan apabila pokok berbuah pada beberapa bahagian buku. Pembuahan yang
lemah akan mempengaruhi kecergasan pokok dan seterusnya mempengaruhi ketinggian pokok.
To be observed after a fruit set on several nodes. Poor fruit set may influence the vigor and thus the
height of the plant.
10.
QN
(U:11)
MS/
VG
Daun: panjang lai daun
Leaf: length of blade
pendek
short
sederhana
medium
panjang
long
Bara
Kulai
3
5
7
11.
QN
(U:12)
MS/
VG
Daun: lebar lai daun
Leaf: width of blade
sempit
narrow
sederhana
medium
lebar
broad
Bara, Kulai
MC11
3
5
7
12.
QN
(U:13)
VG
Daun: keamatan warna
hijau
Leaf: intensity of green
colour
cerah
light
sederhana
medium
gelap
dark
MC11, Bara,
CT01P
GE223
3
5
7
21
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
13.
(+)
QL
VG
Daun: pewarnaan
antosianin
Leaf: anthocyanin
coloration
tiada
absent
ada
present
MC11, Bara,
CT01P
1
9
Tamb.(13): Daun: pewarnaan antosianin
Ad.(13): Leaf: anthocyanin coloration
14.
(+)
PQ
(U:14)
VG
Daun: bentuk
Leaf: shape
lanseolat
lanceolate
ovat
ovate
eliptik lebar
broad elliptic
MC11, Bara,
CT01P
1
2
3
1 tiada
absent
9 ada
present
22
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(14): Daun: bentuk
Ad.(14): Leaf: shape
15.
(+)
QN
(U:15)
VG
Daun: kealunan sisi
Leaf: undulation of margin
sangat lemah
very weak
lemah
weak
sederhana
medium
kuat
strong
sangat kuat
very strong
MC11, CT01P 1
3
5
7
9
1 lanseolat
lanceolate
2
ovat
ovate
3
eliptik lebar
broad elliptic
23
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(15): Daun: kealunan sisi
Ad.(15): Leaf: undulation of margin
16.
(+)
QN
(U:16)
VG
Daun: melepuh
Leaf : blistering
tiada atau sangat
lemah
absent or very
weak
lemah
weak
sederhana
medium
kuat
strong
sangat kuat
very strong
CT01P, GE233
1
3
5
7
9
3
lemah
weak
5
sederhana
medium
7
kuat
strong
24
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
17.
(+)
QN
(U:17)
VG
Daun: profil keratan rentas
Leaf: profile in cross section
cekung
concave
mendatar
flat
cembung
convex
MC11, CT01P
3
5
7
Tamb.(17): Daun: profil keratan rentas
Ad.(17): Leaf: profile in cross section
18.
QN
(U:18)
VG
Daun: kekilatan
Leaf: glossiness
lemah
weak
sederhana
medium
kuat
strong
Kulai, MC11,
CTO1P, Bara
3
5
7
19.
(*)
(+)
QN
(U:19)
VG Bunga: sifat pedunkel
Flower: peduncle attitude
menegak
erect
separa melempai
semi-drooping
melempai
drooping
Bara
MC11, CT01P
1
2
3
3
cekung
concave
5
mendatar
flat
7
cembung
convex
25
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(19): Bunga: sifat pedunkel
Ad.(19): Flower: peduncle attitude
20.
(+)
PQ
VG Bunga: kedudukan stigma
Flower: stigma exsertion
bawah
below
separas
same level
atas
above
Kulai, MC11,
CT01P, Bara
1
2
3
1 menegak
erect
2
separa melempai
semi-drooping
3 melempai
drooping
26
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(20): Bunga: kedudukan stigma
Ad.(20): Flower: stigma exsertion
21.
(+)
QL
(U:20)
VG Bunga: pewarnaan
antosianin pada anter
Flower: anthocyanin
coloration in anther
tiada
absent
ada
present
Kulai, MC11,
CT01P, Bara
1
9
1 bawah below
2 separas
same level
3 atas
above
27
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(21): Bunga: pewarnaan antosianin pada anter
Ad.(21): Flower: anthocyanin coloration in anther
22.
(+)
QL
VG Bunga: pewarnaan
antosianin pada filamen
Flower: anthocyanin
coloration in filament
tiada
absent
ada
present
Kulai, MC 11,
Bara
CT01P, Green
Eagle 223
1
9
Tamb.(22): Bunga: pewarnaan antosianin pada filamen
Ad.(22): Flower: anthocyanin coloration in filament
1
tiada
absent
2 ada
present
28
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
23.
(+)
QL
VG Bunga: warna sekunder
pada korola
Flower: secondary color of
corolla
tiada
absent
pada sisi
at margin
pada pangkal
at base
pada sisi dan
pangkal
at margin and
base
Kulai, MC11,
Bara, GE233
CTO1P
1
2
3
4
Tamb.(23): Bunga: warna sekunder pada korola
Ad.(23): Flower: secondary color of corolla
24.
(*)
(+)
PQ
(U:21)
VG
(a)
Buah: warna sebelum
matang
Fruit: color before maturity
putih kehijauan
greenish white
kuning
yellow
hijau
green
ungu
purple
MC11, CT01P
1
2
3
4
2
pada sisi
at margin
3
pada pangkal
at base
4
pada sisi dan pangkal
at margin and base
1
tiada
absent
29
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(24): Buah: warna sebelum matang
Ad.(24): Fruit: color before maturity
25.
QN
(U:22)
VG
(a)
Buah: keamatan warna
sebelum matang
Fruit: intensity of color
before maturity
cerah
light
sederhana
medium
gelap
dark
Bara
CT01P
GE233, Cili
bangi 2
3
5
7
26.
(+)
QL
(U:23)
VG
(a)
Buah: pewarnaan antosianin
Fruit: anthocyanin
coloration before maturity
tiada
absent
ada
present
MC11, CT01P
1
9
1
putih
white
2
kuning
yellow
3
hijau
green
4
ungu
purple
30
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(26): Buah: pewarnaan antosianin
Ad.(26): Fruit: anthocyanin coloration
27.
(*)
(+)
QN
(U:24)
VG
(b)
Buah: sifat
Fruit: attitude
menegak
erect
mendatar
horizontal
melempai
drooping
Bara
MC11, CT01P
1
2
3
1
tiada
absent
9
ada
present
31
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(27): Buah: sifat
Ad.(27): Fruit: attitude
28.
QN
(U:25)
VG/
MS
(b)
Buah: panjang
Fruit: length
pendek
short
sederhana
medium
panjang
long
Bara
CT01P
3
5
7
29.
QN
(U:26)
VG/
MS
(b)
Buah: diameter
Fruit: diameter
sempit
narrow
sederhana
medium
lebar
broad
Bara
CT01P
MC11
3
5
7
30.
(*)
QN
(U:27)
MS
(b)
Buah: nisbah panjang/ garis
pusat
Fruit: ratio length/diameter
kecil
small
sederhana
medium
besar
large
Bara
MC11, Cili bangi
2
3
5
7
1
menegak erect
2
mendatar horizontal
3
melempai drooping
32
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
31.
(*)
(+)
PQ
(U:28)
VG
(b)
Buah: bentuk keratan
memanjang
Fruit: shape in longitudinal
section
oblat
oblate
membulat
circular
kordat
cordate
segi empat
square
segi empat bujur
rectangular
trapezoid
trapezoidal
segi tiga
sederhana
moderately
triangular
segi tiga tirus
narrowly
triangular
bentuk tanduk
hornshaped
lurus memanjang
linear
MC11, Bara,
GE233
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Tamb.(31): Buah: bentuk keratan memanjang
Ad.(31): Fruit:shape in longitudinal section
1
oblate
2
circular
3
cordate
33
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
32.
(+)
QL
VG
(b)
Buah: berpintal
Fruit: twisting
tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
4
square
5
rectangular
6
trapezoidal
7
moderately triangular
8
narrowly triangular
9
hornshaped
34
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
33.
PQ
(U:29)
VG
(b)
Buah: bentuk keratan rentas
(pada paras plasenta)
Fruit: shape in cross section
(at level of placenta)
eliptik
elliptic
bersegi
angular
bulat
circular
MC11, GE233
Bara
1
2
3
34.
(+)
QN
(U:30)
VG
(b)
Buah: lekukan perikap pada
bahagian pangkal
Fruit: sinuation of pericarp
at basal part
tiada atau sangat
lemah
absent or very
weak
lemah
weak
medium
sederhana
kuat
strong
sangat kuat
very strong
Bara
Kulai
1
3
5
7
9
Tamb.(34): Buah: lekukan perikap pada bahagian pangkal
Ad.(34): Fruit: sinuation of pericarp at basal part
1
tiada atau
sangat lemah
absent or very
weak
5
medium
sederhana
3
weak
7 kuat
strong
9 sangat
kuat
very strong
3 lemah
weak
3
lemah
weak
5
sederhana
medium
7
kuat
strong
35
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
35.
(+)
QN
(U:31)
VG
(b)
Buah: lekukan perikap tidak
termasuk bahagian pangkal
Fruit: sinuation of pericarp
excluding basal part
tiada atau sangat
lemah
absent or very
weak
lemah
weak
sederhana
medium
kuat
strong
sangat kuat
very strong
Bara
1
3
5
7
9
Tamb.(35): Buah: lekukan perikap tidak termasuk bahagian pangkal
Ad.(35): Fruit: sinuation of pericarp excluding basal part
1
Tiada atau sangat lemah
absent or very weak
3
lemah weak
5
sederhana medium
36
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
36.
(*)
QN
(U:32)
VG
(b)
Buah: tekstur permukaan
Fruit: texture of surface
licin atau sangat
sedikit berkedut
smooth or very
slightly wrinkled
sedikit berkedut
slightly wrinkled
sangat berkedut
strongly wrinkled
Kulai 568, MC11,
Bara, GE233,
CT01P
1
2
3
9
sangat kuat very strong
7
kuat strong
37
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
37.
(*)
(+)
PQ
(U:33)
VG
(b)
Buah: warna pada peringkat
matang
Fruit: color at maturity
kuning
yellow
jingga
orange
merah
red
perang
brown
hijau
green
MC11, CT01P
1
2
3
4
5
Tamb.(37): Buah: warna pada peringkat matang
Ad.(37): Fruit: color at maturity
38.
QN
(U:34)
VG
(b)
Buah: keamatan warna
pada peringkat matang
Fruit : intensity of color at
maturity
cerah
light
sederhana
medium
gelap
dark
Bara
Kulai, MC11, CT01P
3
5
7
1
kuning yellow
2
jingga orange
3
merah red
4
perang brown
5
hijau green
38
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
39.
(+)
QN
(U:35)
VG
(b)
Buah: kekilauan
Fruit: glossiness
lemah
weak
sederhana
medium
kuat
strong
CT01P
MC11
Bara
3
5
7
Tamb.(39): Buah: kekilatan
Ad.(39): Fruit: glossiness
40.
(*)
(+)
QL
(U:36)
VG
(b)
Buah: rongga pada tangkai
Fruit: indentation at base
tiada
absent
ada
present
MC11, CT01P,
Bara
1
9
3
weak
5
medium
7
strong
39
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(40): Buah: kelekukan pada pangkal
Ad.(40):Fruit: indentation at base
41.
(+)
QN
(U:37)
VG
(b)
Buah: kedalaman lekukan
Fruit: depth of indentation
at base
cetek
shallow
sederhana
medium
dalam
deep
3
5
7
1
tiada
absent
9
ada
present
40
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(41): Buah matang: kedalaman rongga pada tangkai
Ad.(41): Fruit: depth of stalk cavity
42.
(+)
PQ
(U:38)
VG
(b)
Buah: bentuk apeks
Fruit: shape of apex
sangat akut
very acute
sederhana akut
moderately acute
membulat
rounded
agak melekuk ke
dalam
moderately
depressed
sangat melekuk
ke dalam
very depressed
Kulai, MC11,
CT01P, GE233
1
2
3
4
5
5
sederhana
medium
7
dalam
deep
3
cetek shallow
41
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(43): Buah matang: bentuk apeks
Ad.(43): Fruit: shape of apex
44.
(+)
QL
(U:39)
VG
(b)
Buah: alur pada
perantaraan lokul
Fruit: presence of
interloculary grooves
tiada
absent
ada
present
Kulai, MC11,
CT01P, Bara
1
9
Tamb.(44): Buah: kehadiran alur pada perantaraan lokul
Ad.(44): Fruit: presence of interloculary grooves
1
sangat
akut
very acute
2
sederhana akut
moderately
acute
3
membulat
rounded
4
agak melekuk ke
dalam
moderately
depressed
5
sangat
melekuk ke
dalam
very
depressed
1
tiada
absent
9
ada
present
42
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
45.
(+)
QN
(U:39)
VG
(b)
Buah: kedalaman alur pada
perantaraan lokul
Fruit: depth of interloculary
grooves
cetek
shallow
sederhana
medium
dalam
deep
3
5
7
Tamb.(45): Buah: kedalaman alur pada perantaraan lokul
Ad.(45): Fruit: depth of interloculary grooves
3
cetek shallow
5
sederhana medium
7
dalam deep
43
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
46.
(*)
(+)
QN
(U:40)
MG
(b)
Buah: bilangan lokul Fruit: number of locules
dua paling
dominan
predominantly
two
sama rata dua
dan tiga
equally two and
three
tiga paling
dominan
predominantly
three
sama rata tiga
dan empat
equally three and
four
empat paling
dominan atau
lebih
predominantly
four and more
Kulai, Bara,
GE233
MC11, CT01P
1
2
3
4
5
44
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(46): Buah: bilangan lokul
Ad.(46): Fruit:number of locules
47.
(*)
QN
(U:41)
VG
(b)
Buah: ketebalan isi
Fruit: thickness of flesh
nipis
thin
sederhana
medium
tebal
thick
Bara
Kulai, MC11,
CT01P, GE233
3
5
7
48.
QN
(U:42)
VG/
MS
(b)
Tangkai: panjang
Stalk: length
pendek
short
sederhana
medium
panjang
long
Bara
Kulai, MC11
3
5
7
1
dua paling dominan
predominantly two
3
tiga paling
dominan
predominantly three
5
empat paling
dominan atau lebih
predominantly four
and more
45
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
49.
QN
(U:43)
VG/
MS
(b)
Tangkai: ketebalan
Stalk: thickness
nipis
thin
sederhana
medium
tebal
thick
Bara
3
5
7
50.
(+)
QL
(U:44)
VG
(b)
Kaliks: sifat
Calyx: aspect
tidak bersampul
non-enveloping
bersampul
enveloping
Kulai, MC11,
CT01P
1
2
Tamb.(50): Kaliks: sifat
Ad.(50): Calyx: aspect
51.
(*)
(+)
QL
(U:45)
VG
(b)
Buah: kapsisin dalam
plasenta
Fruit: capsaicin in placenta
tiada
absent
ada
present
MC11, Bara,
CT01P
1
9
2 bersampul
enveloping
1 tidak bersampul
non enveloping
46
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb. (51): Buah: kapsisin dalam plasenta
Ad. (51): Fruit: capsaicin in placenta
Keamatan kapsisin ditentukan dengan menguji rasa plasenta pada bahagian ketiga dari bahagian
pangkal, dengan dibandingkan dengan ‘varieti contoh’.
The Intensity of capsaicin is observed by tasting the placenta at the third part from the base, in
comparison with example variety.
52.
(+)
QN
MG
(b)
Buah: Hanya untuk varieti yang mempunyai kapsisin di dalam placenta: intensiti kapsisin
Fruit: For varieties with
capsaicin in placenta present
only: intensity of capsaicin
lemah
weak
sederhana
medium
kuat
strong
MC11, CT01P
Bara
1
2
3
53.
(+)
QN
(U:47)
VG
Masa kematangan
Time of maturity
awal
early
sederhana
medium
lewat
late
3
5
7
Tamb.(53): Masa kematangan
Ad.(53): Time of maturity
Kematangan buah adalah apabila 50% dari populasi telah berubah kepada warna akhir buah (warna
masak) sepenuhnya.
Maturity is reached when 50% of the populations completely change to the final color (ripe color).
54.
(+)
QL
(U:48)
Rintangan kepada
Tobamovirus
Resistance to Tobamo Virus
(TMV)
tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
47
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(54): Rintangan kepada Tobamovirus
Ad.(54): Resistance to Tobamo Virus (TMV)
Maintenance of pathotypes
Type of medium: On plants or dehydrated leaves (in deep-freezer or method BOS)
Special conditions: Regeneration of the virus on plant material before inoculum preparation
Execution of test
Growth stage of plants: When cotyledons are fully developed or at “first leaf” stage
Temperature: 20-25C
Growing method: Sowing and raising of seedlings in boxes or soil blocks in glasshouse
Method of inoculation: Rubbing of cotyledons with a virus suspension
Duration of test
- Sowing to inoculation: 10 to 15 days
- Inoculation to reading: 10 days
Number of plants tested: 15 to 30 plants
Genetics of virus pathotypes and resistant genotypes:
The genetic resistance to Tobamoviruses is controlled by 5 alleles located on the same locus. The table below
shows the relationship between virus pathotypes and resistance genotypes:
48
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Pepper Genotype reactions to Tobamovirus Pathotypes
Pepper Tobamovirus Pathotypes
Virus: TMV ToMV PMMoV
Strain : U1 Feldman P11
Obuda Pepper Mosaic Virus
P14
Samsun latens
Genotype / mark P0 P1-2 P1-2-3
LˉLˉ S S S
L¹L¹ R S S
L3L3 R R S
L⁴L⁴ R R R
Legend:
S = susceptible
R = resistant
TMV = Tobacco Mosaic Virus
ToMV = Tomato Mosaic Virus
PMMoV = Pepper Mild Mottle Virus
54.1
(+)
QL
(U:48.1)
Pathotype 0 (Tobacco Mosaic
Virus (0)) tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
54.2
(+)
QL
(U:48.2
)
Pathotype 1-2 (Tobacco
Mosaic Virus (1-2)) tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
54.3
(+)
QL
(U:48.3)
Pathotype 1-2-3 (Pepper Mild
Mottle Virus (1-2-3)) tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
55
(+)
QL
(U:49)
Rintangan pada Potato Virus Y (PVY) Resistance to Potato Virus Y
(PVY)
tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
49
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb.(55):Rintangan pada Potato Virus Y (PVY) Ad.(55): Resistance to Potato Virus Y (PVY)
Type of medium: On susceptible plants
Special conditions: For the strain PVY(0): use the line TO72(A)
For the strain PVY(1): use the line Sicile 15
For the strain PVY(1-2): use the line SON41
Execution of test
Growth stage of plants: Young plants at the stage of developed cotyledons - first pointing leaf
Temperature: 18-25C
Growing method: Raising of plants in glasshouse
Method of inoculation: Rubbing of cotyledons with a virus solution
Composition of the solution: inoculum: 4 ml extraction solution for 1 g infected leaves +
80 g activated carbon + 80 mg carborundum; extraction solution: buffer solution diluted
1/20 with 0.2% diethyl dithiocaremate of sodium (DIECA); buffer solution: (for 100 ml
sterile water) 10.8 g NA2HPO4 + 1.18 g K2HPO4 at pH 7.1-7.2
Duration of test
Sowing to inoculation: 10 to 15 days
Inoculation to reading: 3 weeks (2 weeks minimum, 4 weeks maximum) Number of plants tested: 60 plants
Remarks: The test should not be conducted at high temperatures.
Standard varieties: Pathotype 0 Pathotype 1 Pathotype1-2
Sensitive varieties: Yolo Wonder Yolo Wonder, Yolo Y Florida VR2,* Yolo Wonder, Yolo Y
Resistant varieties: Yolo Y Florida VR2 Serrano Criollo de Morenos
* Florida VR2 can exhibit diffused and very late symptoms
55.1
QL
(U:49.1)
Pathotype 0 tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
55.2
QL
(U:49.2)
Pathotype 1 tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
55.3
QL
(U:49.3)
Pathotype 1-2 tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
50
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
56.
(+)
QL
(U:50)
Rintangan pada Phytophthora capsici Resistance to Phytophthora
capsici
tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
Tamb. (56): Rintangan pada Phytophthora capsici Ad. (56): Resistance to Phytophthora capsici
Scoring must be carried out under conditions of controlled infection:
Maintenance of inoculum
Inoculum and type of medium: Phytophthora capsici strain 101, to be cultivated on V8 juice-agar (1%) in
Petri’s dishes.
Conduct of test
Growth stage of plants: around eight-week old plants, grown in greenhouse(stage: first flower bud)
Temperature: 22°C
Light: 12 hours/day
Method of inoculation: Plants are cut just below the point of first branching. A discof mycelium of 4 mm-
diameter should be used as inoculum. The disc is placed on the freshly cut stem. The top of the stem is wrapped
with a piece of aluminium foil, to keep it wet. Infected plants are transferred to a growth chamber kept at 22°C.
Duration of test:
From sowing to inoculation: between 6 and 8 weeks
From inoculation to scoring: first scoring: 7 days
second scoring: 14 days
final scoring: 21 days
Number of plants tested: 20 plants
Scoring: The length of necrosis on the stem, induced by the fungus development, is recorded once a week during
3 weeks, on each plant. The aluminium foil on the top of the stem should be removed 7 days after the
inoculation. The first reading should take place immediately after the removal of the aluminium foil. Subsequent
scoring should be made on the 14th and 21st day counting from the day of inoculation. The distance (in mm)
between the lowest point reached by the necrosis and the top of the stem should be recorded.
Standard varieties: Susceptible: Yolo Wonder Resistant: Chistera, Favolor, Solario, Phyo 636 (given in the
order of their level of resistance)
57.
(+)
QL
(U:51)
Rintangan pada Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) Resistance to Cucumber
Mosaic Virus (CMV)
tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
51
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb. (57): Rintangan pada Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) Ad. (57): Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV)
Maintenance of pathotypes
Strain: Fulton
Type of medium: On susceptible plants: Vinca rosea
Special conditions: -
Inoculum production: Crushing of 1g of fresh leaves of Vinca rosea in 4 ml of Phosphate buffer 0.03M pH 7 +
DIECA (diethyl dithiocaremate de sodium) (1 for 1000) + 300 mg of activated carbon + 80 mg of carborundum
Execution of test:
Growth stage of plants: Young plants at the stage of developed cotyledons. First leaf non pointing
Number of plants: 50 plants
Growing conditions: 22C, 12 hours of light
Growing method: Raising of plants in climatised room
Method of inoculation: Mechanical rubbing of cotyledons with a virus solution, the plants are kept in darkness
for 48 hours
Duration of test:
From sowing to inoculation: 12 to 13 days
From inoculation to reading: 3 readings at 10, 15 and 21 days after inoculation
Standard varieties:
Susceptible variety: Yolo Wonder
Tolerant (T) or resistant (R) varieties: Milord (T), Vania (R)
58.
(+)
QL
(U:52)
Rintangan pada Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) Resistance to Tomato Spotted
Wilt Virus (TSWV)
tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
52
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb. (58): Rintangan pada Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV)
Ad. (58): Resistance to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV)
Maintenance of patothypes:
Type of medium: Pepper fruit in deep-freezer (-70 o C)
Special condition: Regeneration of the virus on Nicotiana rustica or Nicotiana benthamiana plants before
inoculation
Execution of test:
Growth stage of the plants: Two leaves expanded
Temperature: 20 - 22 o C
Light: Extra light in winter
Growing method: Sowing in greenhouse
Method of inoculation: Mechanical, rubbing on cotyledons, inoculum suspension 10 o C
Duration of test:
from sowing to inoculation: 20 days
from inoculation to reading: 14 days
Number of tested plants: 20 plants
Standard varieties.
Susceptible: Lamuyo
Resistant: Galileo, Jackal, Jackpot
59.
(+)
QL
(U:52)
VS/
VG Rintangan pada Xanthomonas Campestris
Virus pv. vesicatoria Resistance to Xanthomonas
Campestris Virus pv.
vesicatoria
tiada
absent
ada
present
1
9
53
BIL.
NO.
CIRI
CHARACTERISTIC
KEADAAN
STATE
VARIETI
CONTOH
EXAMPLE
VARIETIES
CATATAN
NOTE
Tamb. (59): Rintangan pada Xanthomonas Campestris Virus pv. vesicatoria Ad. (59); Resistance to Xanthomonas Campestris Virus pv. vesicatoria
Maintenance of pathotypes
Type of medium: PDA (Potato, Dextrose, Agar ) medium
Special conditions culture: 48 hours Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria. *Adjusting inoculum concentration
of bacteria-cellular 107
Execution of test
Growth stage of plants: 6th to 8th true leaves
Temperature: 24 C night, 25C day
Relative humidity: 80%
Light: 30 000 lx, day length 16 hours
Growing method: Sowing in boxes in climate chamber or in glasshouse
Method of inoculation: Infiltration into abaxial surface of a leaf in 13-15 mm diameter spots
Duration of the test: 10-14 days
Number of plants tested: 15 to 30 plants
Remarks
Genetics of bacteria pathotypes and resistant genotypes: Resistant varieties: Aladin, Camelot, ECR-20R, Kaldóm,
Kalorez, Lancelot, Pasa
Note: The set of example variety is identified by the country code where the set is coming from
54
9.0 RUJUKAN
LITERATURE
GENERAL INFORMATION
Palloix, A., Phaly, T., 1996: Histoire du piment: de la plante sauvage aux variétés modernes, PHM
Revue Horticole, FR, no. 365; 41-43
Pochard, E., 1987: Histoire du piment et recherche, INRA Mensuel, FR, no. 29; 5-8
Pochard, E., Palloix, A., Daubeze, A.M., 1992: Le piment, Gallais, A. (ed.), Bannerot, H. (ed.),
Amelioration des especes vegetales cultivees. Objectifs et critères de selection 420-434, INRA; Paris,
FR
Genetic Resources
Daunay, M.C., Jullian, E., Dauphin, F., 2001: Management of eggplant and pepper genetic resources
in Europe: networks are emerging, EUCARPIA, European Association for Research on Plant Breeding,
Paris, FR, Genetics and breeding of Capsicum and eggplant 11th EUCARPIA Meeting, Antalya, TR,
2001 1-5
Disease Resistance
Caranta, C., Palloix, A., Gébré-Sélassié, K., Marchoux, G., Lefebvre, V., Daubèze, A.M., 1996:
Genomic organization of multi-virus resistance factors in pepper (Capsicum annuum): Co-localization
between QTLs and major genes. Poster
Lefebvre, V., Caranta, C., Moury, B., Pflieger, S., Daubèze, A.M., Blattes, A., Phaly, T., Nemouchi, G.,
Palloix, A., 1997: Status of the intraspecific molecular map of pepper: genome distribution of multiple
disease resistance loci and defence genes, Sherago International Inc., New York, US, Plant and animal
genome V, International Conference on the Status of Plant and Animal Genome Research, San Diego,
US, 1997/01/12-16, 115
Pflieger, S., Lefebvre, V., Blattes, A., Caranta, C., Palloix, A., 1998: Candidate gene approach for
identifying QTLs involved in pepper/pathogen interactions, EUCARPIA, European Association fo
Research on Plant Breeding, Avignon, FR, Genetics and breeding of Capsicum and eggplant, 10th
Meeting EUCARPIA, Avignon, FR, 1998/09/07-11, 245-248
Stacey, G. (ed.), Mullin, B. (ed.), Gresshoff, P.M. (ed.), Biology of plant-microbe interactions 8.
International Symposium on molecular plant-microbe interactions, Knoxville (USA), 1996/07/12-19, 1
p., International Society for Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, Saint-Paul, US
Potyvirus
Parrella, G., Ruffel, S., Moretti, A., Morel, C., Palloix, A., Caranta, C., 2002: Recessive resistance
genes against potyviruses are localized in colinear genomic regions of the tomato (Lycopersicon spp.)
and pepper (Capsicum spp.) genomes, Theoretical and Applied Genetics, DE, vol. 105; 855-861
Ruffel, S., Dussault, M.H., Palloix, A., Moury, B., Bendahmane, A., Robaglia, C., Caranta, C., 2002: A
natural recessive resistance gene against potato virus Y in pepper corresponds to the eukariotic
initiation factor 4E (elF4E), Plant Journal, GB, vol. 32 no. 6; 1067-1075
CMV
Caranta, C., Daubèze, A.M., Pflieger, S., Lefebvre, V., Thabuis, A., Blattes, A., Nemouchi, G., Phaly,
T., Signoret, P., Palloix, A., 2001: Identification of quantitative trait loci involved in partial restriction
of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) long-distance movement in pepper, EUCARPIA, European
55
Association for Research on Plant Breeding, Paris (FRA), Genetics and breeding of Capsicum and
eggplant, 11th EUCARPIA Meeting, Antalya, TR, 2001 176-180
Caranta, C., Palloix, A., Lefebvre, V., Daubèze, A.M., 1997: QTLs for a component of partial resistance
to cucumber mosaic virus in pepper: restriction of virus installation in hostcells, Theoretical and
Applied Genetics, DE, no. 94; 431-438
Caranta, C., Pflieger, S., Lefebvre, V., Daubèze, A.M., Thabuis, A., Palloix, A., 2002: QTLs involved in
the restriction of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) long-distance movement in pepper, Theoretical and
Applied Genetics, DE, vol. 104; 586-591
Phytophthora
Lefèbvre, V., Palloix, A., 1995: Mapping QTL's affecting the resistance to Phytophthora capsici in
pepper (Capsicum annuum), Scherago International Inc., New York, US, USDA, United States
Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Washington, US, International Conference
on the Status of Plant Genome Research, Plant Genome 3, San Diego, US, 1995/01/15-19 58, USDA-
ARS, Washington, US
Lefebvre, V., Palloix, A., 1996: Both epistatic and additive effects of QTLs are involved in polygenic
induced resistance to disease: a case study, the interaction pepper Phytophthora capsici Leonian,
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, DE, no. 93; 503-511
Thabuis, A., Palloix, A., Pflieger, S., Daubèze, A.M., Caranta, C., Lefebvre, V., 2003: Comparative
mapping of Phytophthora resistance loci in pepper germplasm: evidence for conserved resistance loci
across Solanaceae and for a large genetic diversity, Theoretical and Applied Genetics, DE, vol. 106;
1473-1485
Xanthomonas
Márkus, F., Kapitány, J., Csilléry, G. and Szarka, J., 2001 b: Xanthomonas resistance In
Hungarianspice pepper varieties. Int. Jour. of Hort. Sci., Voil. 7. No. 3-4. 69-72
Szarka, J. and Csilléry, G., 1995: Defence system against Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria.
Eucarpia IXth Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Capsicum and Eggplant. Budapest, Hungary,
August 21-25. 184-187
TSWV
Moury, B., Pflieger, S., Blattes, A., Lefebvre, V., Palloix, A., 2000: A CAPS marker to assist selection
of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) resistance in pepper, Genome, CA, no. 43; 137-142
56
10.0 SOAL SELIDIK TEKNIKAL
TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
BORANG SOAL SELIDIK TEKNIKAL
TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
untuk dilengkapi berkaitan dengan permohonan Hak Pembiak Baka Tumbuhan
to be completed in connection with an application for Plant Breeders' Rights
UNTUK KEGUNAAN RASMI
FOR OFFICIAL USE
Nombor Rujukan :
Reference Number
Tarikh Permohonan :
Application date
(tidak boleh diisi oleh pemohon)
(not to be filled in by the applicant)
1. BAHAN UJIAN SUBJECT OF THE TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE
1.1 Nama Botani :
Botanical Name
1.2 Nama Biasa :
Common name
1.3 Nama Tempatan :
Local name
Capsicum annum L.
CILI
CHILI, PEPPER
Cili, Lada
2. PEMOHON
APPLICANT
Nama Pemohon: _______________________________
Applicant Name
Alamat: ______________________________________
Address ______________________________________
______________________________________
No. Telefon : _________________________________
Telephone No.
No. Fax : _____________________________
Fax No.
E-mail address :_____________________________
Alamat e-mail
Pembiak Baka :_____________________________
Breeder
(jika berlainan daripada pemohon)
(if different from applicant)
57
3. NAMA YANG DICADANGKAN DAN RUJUKAN PEMBIAK BAKA
PROPOSED DENOMINATION AND BREEDER'S REFERENCE
Nama yang dicadangkan _______________________ _____________________ ____________________
Proposed denomination pilihan pertama (1st choice) pilihan kedua (2nd choice) pilihan ketiga (3rd choice)
Rujukan pembiak baka ___________________________
Breeder's reference
# 4. MAKLUMAT SKIM PEMBIAKBAKAAN DAN PEMBIAKAN VARIETI
INFORMATION ON THE BREEDING SCHEME AND PROPAGATION OF THE VARIETY
4.1 Skim pembiakbakaan
Breeding scheme
Varieti terhasil daripada :
Variety resulting from
Kacukan terkawal (sila nyatakan varieti induk)
Controlled cross (please state parent varieties)
Mutasi (sila nyatakan varieti induk)
Mutation (please state parent varieties)
Penemuan dan pembangunan (sila nyatakan di mana dan bila ditemui dan bagaimana
dibangunkan)
Discovery and development (please state where and when discovered and how developed)
Lain-lain (sila berikan butir-butir)
Other (please provide details)
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4.2 Kaedah pembiakan varieti
Method of propagating the variety
4.2.1 Varieti dibiak melalui biji benih
Seed-propagated varieties
Pendebungaan sendiri
Self-pollination
Pembiakan kacuk
Cross-pollination
Hibrid
Hybrid
Lain-lain (sila berikan butir-butir)
Other (please provide details)
4.2.2 Lain-lain (sila berikan butir-butir)
Other (please provide details)
Dalam kes varieti hibrid, skim pengeluaran bagi hibrid seharusnya diberi pada helaian yang berasingan. Helaian ini
seharusnya memberikan butir-butir semua baris induk yang diperlukan bagi pembiakan hibrid berkenaan,
contohnya:
In the case of hybrid varieties the production scheme for the hybrid should be provided on a seperate sheet. This should providedetails
of all the parent lines required for propagating the hybrid e.g.
Hibrid Sehala
Single Hybrid
( . . . induk betina...) x (... induk jantan...)
(… female parent …) x (… male parent …)
Hibrid Tiga Hala
Three-Way Hybrid
(... baris betina ...) x (... baris jantan ...)
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hibrid sehala digunakan sebagai induk betina x (... induk jantan...)
(… female line …) x (… male line …)
single hybrid used as female parent x (… male parent …)
dan seharusnya dikenal pasti terutamanya:
and should identify in particular:
(a) mana-mana baris mandul jantan any male sterile lines
(b) sistem pengekalan baris subur jantan maintenance system of male sterile lines
Pihak berkuasa mungkin membenarkan maklumat tertentu ini diberi dalam bahagian sulit Borang Soal Selidik Teknikal.
Authority may allow certain of this information to be provided in a confidential section of the Technical Questionnaire.
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5. CIRI VARIETI UNTUK DINYATAKAN
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIETY TO BE INDICATED
Nombor dalam kurungan merujuk ciri yang sepadan dengan ciri dalam Garis Panduan Ujian; sila tandakan catatan
yang paling sepadan.
The number in brackets refers to the corresponding characteristic in Test Guidelines; please mark the note which best corresponds.
Bil. No.
Ciri Characteristic
Keadaan State
Example varieties
Varieti Contoh
Catatan Note
5.1 (1)
Anak benih: pewarnaan antosianin
pada hipokotil
Seedling: anthocyanin colouration of
hypocotyl
tiada
absent
ada
present
Semerah
MC 11
1 [ ]
9 [ ]
5.2 (4)
Pokok: ruas memendek (pada
bahagian atas)
Plant: shortened internode (in upper
part)
tiada
absent
ada
present
MC 11, CT01P 1 [ ]
9 [ ]
5.3 (24)
Buah: warna sebelum matang
Fruit: color before maturity
putih kehijauan
greenish white
kuning
yellow
hijau
green
ungu
purple
MC11, CT01P
1 [ ]
2 [ ]
3 [ ]
4 [ ]
5.4 (27)
Buah: sifat
Fruit: attitude
menegak
erect
mendatar
horizontal
melempai
drooping
Bara
MC11, CT01P
1 [ ]
2 [ ]
3 [ ]
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Bil. No.
Ciri Characteristic
Keadaan State
Example varieties
Varieti Contoh
Catatan Note
5.5 (31)
Buah: bentuk keratan memanjang
Fruit: shape in longitudinal section
oblat
oblate
membulat
circular
kordat
cordate
segi empat
square
segi empat bujur
rectangular
trapezoid
trapezoidal
segi tiga
sederhana
moderately
triangular
segi tiga tirus
narrowly
triangular
bentuk tanduk
hornshaped
lurus memanjang
linear
MC11, Bara,
GE233
1 [ ]
2 [ ]
3 [ ]
4 [ ]
5 [ ]
6 [ ]
7 [ ]
8 [ ]
9 [ ]
10 [ ]
5.6 (37)
Buah: warna pada peringkat matang
Fruit: color at maturity
kuning
yellow
jingga
orange
merah
red
perang
brown
hijau
MC11, CT01P
1 [ ]
2 [ ]
3 [ ]
4 [ ]
5 [ ]
62
green
6. VARIETI SERUPA DAN PERBEZAAN DARIPADA VARIETI CALON
SIMILAR VARIETIES AND DIFFERENCES FROM THESE VARIETIES
Sila gunakan jadual dan kotak berikut untuk komen dan untuk memberikan maklumat berkenaan dengan
bagaimana varieti yang anda pilih berbeza daripada varieti yang, sejauh yang anda ketahui, paling serupa.
Maklumat ini boleh membantu pihak berkuasa pemeriksaan untuk menjalankan pemeriksaan kelainan dengan
cara yang lebih cekap.
Please use the following table and box for comments to provide information on how your candidate variety differs from the variety (or
varieties) which, to the best of your knowledge, is (or are) most similar. This information may help the examination authority to conduct
its examination of distinctness in a more efficient way.
Nama varieti yang serupa dengan varieti calon
Denomination(s) of variety(ies) similar to your candidate variety
Ciri varieti calon yang berbeza daripada varieti serupa
Characteristic(s) in which your candidate variety differs from the similar variety(ies)
Terangkan ekspresi ciri bagi varieti serupa
Describe the expression of the characteristic(s) for the similar variety(ies)
Terangkan ekspresi ciri bagi varieti calon
Describe the expression of the characteristic(s) for your candidate variety
[Contoh] [Example]
Buah matang: warna Mature fruit: colour
kuning yellow
merah red
Komen :
Comments
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# 7. MAKLUMAT TAMBAHAN YANG BOLEH MEMBANTU DALAM PEMERIKSAAN VARIETI
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION WHICH MAY HELP IN THE EXAMINATION OF THE VARIETY
7.1 Selain maklumat yang diberi dalam bahagian 5 dan bahagian 6, adakah apa-apa ciri tambahan yang
boleh
membantu untuk membezakan varieti? In addition to the information provided in sections 5 and 6, are there any additional characteristics which may help to
distinguish the variety?
Ada Tiada Yes No
(Jika ada, berikan butir-butir) (If yes, please provide details)
7.2 Adakah apa-apa keadaan khusus bagi menanam varieti atau menjalankan pemeriksaan? Are there any special conditions for growing the variety or conducting the examination?
Ada Tiada Yes No
(Jika ada, berikan butir-butir) (If yes, please provide details)
7.3 Maklumat lain Other information
7.4 Gambar berwarna yang mewakili varieti perlu disertakan bersama Borang Soal Selidik Teknikal ini. A representative colour photograph of the variety should accompany the Technical Questionnaire.
# Pihak berkuasa mungkin membenarkan maklumat tertentu ini diberi dalam bahagian sulit Borang Soal Selidik Teknikal. Authority may allow certain of this information to be provided in a confidential section of the Technical Questionnaire.
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8. KEBENARAN PENGELUARAN
AUTHORIZATION FOR RELEASE
8. (a) Adakah varieti memerlukan kebenaran sebelum pengeluaran di bawah undang-undang berhubung
dengan
perlindungan alam sekitar, kesihatan manusia dan kesihatan haiwan?
Does the variety require prior authorization for release under legislation concerning the protection of the environment, human
and animal health?
Ya Tidak Yes No
(b) Adakah kebenaran itu telah diperoleh? Has such authorization been obtained?
Ya Tidak Yes No
Jika jawapan kepada (b) ialah ya, sila kepilkan satu salinan kebenaran tersebut. If the answer to (b) is yes, please attach a copy of the authorization.
9. MAKLUMAT BAHAN TANAMAN UNTUK DIPERIKSA ATAU DISERAH BAGI PEMERIKSAAN INFORMATION ON PLANT MATERIAL TO BE EXAMINED OR SUBMITTED FOR EXAMINATION
9.1
9.2
Ekspresi satu ciri atau beberapa ciri varieti mungkin terjejas oleh faktor seperti haiwan perosak dan
penyakit, rawatan kimia (contohnya bahan pembantut pertumbuhan atau pestisid), kesan kultur tisu,pokok
penanti yang berlainan, sion yang diambil daripada fasa pertumbuhan pokok yang berlainan dan lain-lain.
The expression of a characteristic or several characteristics of a variety may be affected by factors, such as pests and disease,
chemical treatment (e.g. growth retardants or pesticides), effects of tissue culture, different rootstocks, scions taken from different
growth phases of a tree, etc.
Bahan tanaman tidak seharusnya melalui apa-apa rawatan yang menjejaskan ekspresi ciri varieti, kecuali
pihak berkuasa yang kompeten telah membenarkan atau meminta rawatan sedemikian. Jika bahan
tanaman telah melalui rawatan sedemikian, butir-butir penuh bagi rawatan mestilah diberikan. Berhubung
dengan hal ini, sila tunjukkan di bawah ini, sepanjang yang anda ketahui, sekiranya bahan tanaman untuk
diperiksa itu:
The plant material should not have undergone any treatment which would affect the expression of the characteristics of the variety,
unless the competent authority allows or requests such treatment. If the plant material has undergone such treatment, full details of
the treatment must be given. In this respect, please indicate below, to the best of your knowledge, if the plant material to be examined
has been subjected to:
(a) terdedah kepada mikroorganisma (contohnya virus, bakteria, fitoplasma) Microorganisms (e.g. virus, bacteria, phytoplasma)
Ya
Yes …………....................................................................................................................
Sila berikan butir-butir bagi jawapan “ya” yang anda berikan. Please provide details for where you have indicated "yes”
Tidak No
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(b) menjalani rawatan kimia (contohnya bahan pembantut pertumbuhan, pestisid) chemical treatment (e.g. growth retardant, pesticide)
Ya
Yes …………....................................................................................................................
Sila berikan butir-butir bagi jawapan “ya” yang anda berikan. Please provide details for where you have indicated "yes”
Tidak No
(c) dijalankan kultur tisu tissue culture
Ya
Yes …………....................................................................................................................
Sila berikan butir-butir bagi jawapan “ya” yang anda berikan. Please provide details for where you have indicated "yes”
Tidak No
(d) disebabkan faktor lain
other factors
Ya
Yes …………....................................................................................................................
Sila berikan butir-butir bagi jawapan “ya” yang anda berikan. Please provide details for where you have indicated "yes”
Tidak No
10. PENGESAHAN
DECLARATION
Saya dengan ini mengesahkan, sepanjang yang saya ketahui, bahawa maklumat yang diberi dalam borang
ini adalah betul.
I hereby declare that, to the best of my knowledge, the information provided in this form is correct.
_____________________________
Tandatangan Signature
Nama pemohon : __________________________________ Applicant's name
Tarikh : __________________________________ Date
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11. PENGHARGAAN ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Jabatan Pertanian mengucapkan setinggi-tinggi penghargaan kepada Ketua Pengarah Pertanian dan terima kasih kepada Pengarah Bahagian Kawalan Kualiti Tanaman, Puan Siti Saudah binti Hassim serta kakitangannya atas daya usaha dan inisiatif yang diambil bagi penyediaan Garis Panduan ini. Department of Agriculture would like to express greatest gratitude to Director General
of Department and thanks to Director of Crop Quality Control Division, Tuan Haji Hamid bin
Omar and her staff for the hard work and initiative taken in preparing the Test Guidelines.
Penghargaan juga ingin disampaikan kepada pakar-pakar tanaman, Appreciation also goes to our crop experts,
(2) Dr. Rasip bin Abd Ghani (3) En (Mr.) Esa bin Sulaiman atas sumbangan pandangan yang membina dan komitmen tidak terhingga bagi menjayakan penghasilan Garis Panduan ini. upon contribution of constructive opinion and endless commitment towards the success of the
development of the Test Guidelines.
[Dokumen Tamat] [End of Document]