GARDENING

STUDENTS: VASILE COZMIN AND TUDOSOIU PAUL COORDINATING TEACHERS: BOjANOPOL GABRIELA, ȘTEfUREAC CRINA

TECHNICAL COLLEGE “MIHAI BRAVU”

What is gardening • Gardening is a branch of horticulture and stands

for the art of growing and cultivating plants. When approching the topic of gardening one must mention the two categories of plants, such are : ornamental plants grown for their flowers, foliage, or general appearance and useful plants that include root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits, and herbs, being grown for consumption, to be used as dyes, or in medical or cosmetic purpose. Gardening is seen as a relaxing activity for the majority of people.

• Gardening varies from fruit orchads, to long boulevard gardens, with one or more different types of shrubs, trees and herbaceus plants, to residential yards including lawns and foundation gardens, to plants in big or small containers grown indoors or outdoors. We encounter specialized gardens - one type of plant grown, or mixed gardens - a large number of various plants . Growing plants supposes a great effort , labour and an active participation on behalf of the gardener , which differentiates it from farming or forestry

Garden types - 1 • Residential gardening occurs near our home, in

a space referred to as the garden. Although a garden typically is located on the land near a residence, it may also be located on a roof or on a balcony, in a windowbox, or on a patio .

• Gardening also takes place in non-residential green areas, such as parks, public or semi-public gardens (botanical gardens or zoological gardens),amusement parks and around tourist attractions and garden hotels. In this case , a staff of gardeners maintain the gardens.

• Indoor gardening refers to growing of plants within a building, or in a greenhouse. Indoor gardening extends the growing season in the fall and spring and can be used for winter gardening.

Garden types - 1 • Native plant gardening is concerned with the

use of native plants with or without the intention of creating wildlife habitat. The goal is to create a garden in harmony with, and adapted to a given area. This gardening typically diminishes water usage, maintenance, and fertilization costs, but increases native faunal interest.

• Water gardening means growing plants adjusted to pools and ponds. Bog gardens are also considered a type of water garden. All of the above require special conditions and considerations. A mere water garden consists only of a tub filled with water and plant(s).

Garden types - 2

• Container gardening consists of growing plants in any type of container, either indoors or outdoors. Common containers are pots, hanging baskets, and planters. Container gardening is usually used in atriums and on balconies, patios, and roof tops.

• Community gardening represents a social activity in which an area of land is gardened by a group of people, facilitating neighborhood improvement, a sense of community and connection with the environment. Community gardens are typically owned in trust by local governments or nonprofits organizations.

• Garden sharing partners landowners with gardeners in need of land. These shared gardens are generally used to produce food that is divided between the two parties.

• Organic gardening uses natural, sustainable methods, fertilizers and pesticides to grow non-genetically modified crops.

Garden accesoriess

• There is a large variety of features and accessories available on the market for both professional gardening and amateur one to exercise their creativity.

• Their purpose is ornamental or functional, and are made of a wide palette of materials copper, stone, wood, bamboo, stainless, steel, clay, stained glasses, concrete or iron. Examples refer to trellis, arbors, statues, benches, water fountains, urns, bird baths and feeders, and garden lighting .

Gardens as art

• Most cultures see garden design as an art , different from gardening, which generally reffers to maintaining gardens. Garden design can have various motifs : perennial, butterfly, wildlife, Japanese, water, tropical, or shade gardens.

• In countries such is Japan, Samurai and Zen monks were often asked to build decorative gardens to make flower arrangements known as ikebana. In the 18th century Europe, landscape gardeners refashioned the country lands into formal gardens or landscaped park lands, such as at Versailles, France, or Stowe, England.

Social aspects

• People often surround their house and garden with a hedge. Common hedge plants are privet, hawthorn, beech, yew, hemlock, arborvitae, barberry, box, holly, oleander, forsythia and lavender. The idea of open gardens without hedges may be unpleasant to those who enjoy privacy.

• Garden sharing means that urban landowners allow gardeners to grow plants on their property, in exchange of a share of the harvest.

• In US and British terms, the production of ornamental plants around buildings is known by the name of landscaping, landscape maintenance or grounds keeping, while international usage uses the term gardening for these same activities.

Garden pests Garden pests are known to be plants, fungi, or insects that engages in activity that the gardener considers undesirable. It may crowd out desirable plants, disturb the soil, stunt the growth of young seedlings, steal or damage fruit, or otherwise kill plants or hamper their growth. As gardeners have different aims , organisms called by the name of "garden pests" differ from gardener to gardener. Tropaeolum speciosum, for example, may be considered a desirable and ornamental garden plant, or it may be considered a pest if it seeds and starts to grow where it is not wanted. As another example, in lawns, moss can become dominant and be impossible to eradicate. Pest control refers to the use of pesticides,

organically or artificially synthesized. Pesticides may affect the ecology of a garden due to their effects on the populations of both target and non-target species.

GARDENING

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