gametogenesis,embryology
DESCRIPTION
embryo,anatomyTRANSCRIPT
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EMBRYOLOGY
Is the study
of human development.
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GAMETOGENESIS• Is the process of formation and development
of gametes.
• Gametes are highly specialized sex cells
in male---------Sperms.
in female---------Oocyte (ovum).
• Gamete contains half the number of chromosomes present in any body cell (Haploid Number of chromosomes).
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GAMETOGENESIS
• Normal somatic cell = 46 chromosomes (diploid)
• Gamete = 23 chromosomes (haploid)
• Male gamete (23) + female gamete (23)-------- zygote (46)
• The reduction of chromosome number occur during reduction division called MEIOSIS
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CELL DIVISION• MITOTIC DIVISION
1. Occurs in whole body cells (somatic cell)
2. Each somatic cell contain 46 chromosomes (diploid number of chromosomes).
2. Each cell------ 2 cells.3. Daughter cells contain
diploid number of chromosome (46).
4. Is for growth and repair.
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Cell divisionMEIOTIC DIVISION
• Occurs in sex cells in testis and ovary----- (Spermatogonia) in male & (Oogonia) in female.
• 2. A permatogonia------ 4 sperms.
• One oogonia-------- one oocyte.
• 3. Daughter cells contain haploid number (23) of chromosome.
• 4. Provide a constancy of chromosomes from generation to generation.
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GAMETOGENESIS I. SPERMATOGENESIS
(formation of sperm)1. Begins at puberty till very
old age.2. Occur at all time .3. Spermatogonia (sex cell) is
present in testis in all ages.4. Stages are: • Spermatogonia (46) • 1ry spermatocyte (46)• 2ry spermatocytes (23)• Spermatids (23) • Sperms (23)
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GAMETOGENESIS
II. OOGENESIS (formation of the ovum)
1. 1st meiotic division begins at 3rd month prenatal life---- arrested till puberty.
At birth NO OOGONIA exist in the ovary.
2. Division resumed at puberty ---till menopause.
Stop at menopause.
3. Stages are: • Oogonia (46)• Iry oocyte (46) • 2ry oocyte (23)• Mature oocyte (23)
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Oogenesis
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GAMETOGENESIS
SPERMATOGENESIS1. Begins at puberty till
very old age.2. Occur at all time .3. Spermatogonia is present
in testis in all ages.4. Stages are: • Spermatogonia (46) • 1ry spermatocyte (46)• 2ry spermatocytes (23)• Spermatids (23) • Sperms (23)
OOGENESIS1. Begins at prenatal life----
arrested till puberty.2. Stop at menopause.3. At birth NO OOGONIA
exist in the ovary.4. Stages are: • Oogonia (46)• Iry oocyte (46) • 2ry oocyte (23)• Mature oocyte (23)
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Sperm
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Gametes
Oocyte (ovum)• Massive cell.• Immotile.• One ovum is formed
each month from puberty till menopause.
• Chromosome= 22 + x chromosome (23)
Sperm• Small, scanty
cytoplasm.• Number in millions, all
days, all time from puberty till very old age.
• Chromosome 2 types:22+x chromosome(23)22+y chromosome(23)
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QUIZ
• Normal complement of chromosome in a sperm is ?
a) 22 autosomes + sex chromosome.
b) 23 autosomes + sex chromosome.
c) 22 autosomes.
d) 46 chromosomes.
e) 23 autosomes.