Apollo At 50 and the Potential of Commercial Space

Bruce Pittman Chief System Engineer

Space Portal OfficeNASA Ames Research Center

May 22, 2010

Start of the Space Race Oct. 4, 1957

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Jan 31, 19583

Oct. 1, 1958 - NASA is Born

• The expansion of human knowledge of phenomena in the atmosphere and space;• The improvement of the usefulness, performance, speed, safety, and efficiency of aeronautical

and space vehicles;• The development and operation of vehicles capable of carrying instruments, equipment,

supplies, and living organisms through space;• The establishment of long-range studies of the potential benefits to be gained from, the

opportunities for, and the problems involved in the utilization of aeronautical and space activities for peaceful and scientific purposes;

• The preservation of the role of the United States as a leader in aeronautical and space science and technology and in the application thereof to the conduct of peaceful activities within and outside the atmosphere;

• The making available to agencies directly concerned with national defense of discoveries that have military value or significance, and the furnishing by such agencies, to the civilian agency established to direct and control nonmilitary aeronautical and space activities, of information as to discoveries which have value or significance to that agency;

• Cooperation by the United States with other nations and groups of nations in work done pursuant to this Act and in the peaceful application of the results thereof;

• The most effective utilization of the scientific and engineering resources of the United States, with close cooperation among all interested agencies of the United States in order to avoid unnecessary duplication of effort, facilities and equipment

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April 12, 19615

May 5, 19616

May 25, 1961 - Apollo Is Born

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Dec. 24, 19688

& On July 20, 19699

Apollo 17 Dec. 197210

NASA Budget History11

Apollo Legacy12

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Paradigm PioneersSeveral visionary new players entered into the space arena and brought their own money

Blue Origin - Jeff Bezos - Amazon.comSpaceX - Elon Musk – PayPalBigelow Aerospace - Bob Bigelow - Budget

Suites of America

Vision For Space Exploration

The fundamental goal of this vision is to advance U.S. scientific, security, and economic interests through a robust space exploration program.•Implement a sustained and affordable human and robotic program to explore the solar system and beyond;•Extend human presence across the solar system, starting with a human return to the Moon by the year 2020, in preparation for human exploration of Mars and other destinations•Develop the innovative technologies, knowledge, and infrastructures both to explore and to support decisions about the destinations for human exploration and•Promote international and commercial participation in exploration …

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COTS Paradigm is StrategicallyImportant to the NASA Vision!

16SpaceX Falcon 9/Dragon

Orbital/ATK Antares/Cygnus

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Blue Origin18

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Bigelow Aerospace

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Google Lunar X Prize

Moon Express

Astrobotic

Asteroid Mining21

Returning To The Moon • NASA Constellation Program • International Lunar Research Park • Innovative Lunar Demonstration Data• NASA Lunar Catalyst program• Lunar Station IAC paper• Low Cost Lunar Settlement workshop at DFJ

August • Evolvable Lunar Architecture study• Lunar COTS AIAA paper

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Evolvable Lunar Architecture23

The Water Economy? 24

>1 billion tons of water iceon the Moon

ESA Moon Village25

ULA Cis Lunar 100026

Building Blocks For The Future

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$500k for a ticket to Mars28

Space Exploration, Development & Settlement

ActHR 4752 introduced by Dana Rohrabacher March 2016“The Congress declares that the extension of human life beyond Earth’s atmosphere, leading ultimately to the establishment of space settlements, will fulfill the purpose of advancing science, exploration, and development and will enhance the general welfare.”

“The term ‘space settlement’ means any community of humans living beyond Earth’s atmosphere that is able to economically sustain its population through a neutral or positive balance of trade of goods and services, and is able to expand its habitable real estate as need and desire of the community my warrant and international law permits.”

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Space Settlement & Thriving Space Economy

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Questions?

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A New Approach For NASAApollo Model

From NASA as the customer funding

prime contractors on a cost plus fixed fee

basis

Commercial Leverage

ModelTo NASA as a customer and partner, working with other customers,

financiers, and emerging space

companies on fixed price basis to secure capabilities, services

and products

NASA investing $1.8 B+ in Commercial Crew Development - CCDev

$3.5 billion Commercial Cargo Re-supply (CRS) contracts let