gahuewe drumming

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Nathan Haering Gahu an Ewe tradition The Gahu ensemble includes a selection of drums very familiar to other Ewe traditions and dances. There are 6 different variants of drums involved. The master drummer wields the Boba, the largest drum in this particular ensemble, and provides rhythmics cues to guide tempo changes, textural markers, as well as any dancers or other choreography involved. Arguably the next most important percussive tool is the Gankogui. The Gankogui is a two tone iron bell that provides the fundamental unchanging pattern for the piece. It is one of 3 “timeline” (thisworldmusic.com) instruments that create a steady groove throughout the performance. The kagan, a smaller higher pitched drum, and the axatse, a shaker played and muted with two hands, are the other two timeline instruments and have their own unique ostinato rhythm. These three rhythms combined to create a rhythmic dissonance that create a fantastic sense of tension and release through each 4 beat phrase. There are also two response drums, the Sugo (low) and the kidi (med), they directly respond to and improvise with the Boba. While sharing this information with a young classroom, it would be significantly easier to maintain their interest if the actual drums were present and available to be touched. It is also not necessary to discuss rhythmic dissonance with them, even without the term they’ll feel it in practice. Once I had established the names sizes and rolls of the drums, I would begin demonstrating and teaching the different “timeline” rhythms with different claps, slaps, and desk hits. If it happens to be a beginning music class and they have been learning about notated rhythms, I would write it on the board, however, if it would just complicate the matter, I would just teach each rhythm auraly. I would start with the Gankogui rhythm clapped, to replicate its higher bell timbre, then teach the axatse part by slapping alternating legs, and finally the Kagan by tapping a pencil on a desk. After each part is learned it would be immediately layered in with the

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Gahuewe Drumming

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Page 1: Gahuewe Drumming

Nathan Haering Gahu   

an Ewe tradition  

The Gahu ensemble includes a selection of drums very familiar to other Ewe traditions 

and dances.  There are 6 different variants of drums involved.  The master drummer wields the 

Boba, the largest drum in this particular ensemble, and provides rhythmics cues to guide tempo 

changes, textural markers, as well as any dancers or other choreography involved.  Arguably the 

next most important percussive tool is the Gankogui.  The Gankogui is a two tone iron bell that 

provides the fundamental unchanging pattern for the piece.  It is one of 3 “timeline” 

(thisworldmusic.com) instruments that create a steady groove throughout the performance.  The 

kagan, a smaller higher pitched drum, and the axatse, a shaker played and muted with two 

hands, are the other two timeline instruments and have their own unique ostinato rhythm.  These 

three rhythms combined to create a rhythmic dissonance that create a fantastic sense of 

tension and release through each 4 beat phrase. There are also two response drums, the Sugo 

(low) and the kidi (med), they directly respond to and improvise with the Boba. While sharing this 

information with a young classroom, it would be significantly easier to maintain their interest if the 

actual drums were present and available to be touched.  It is also not necessary to discuss 

rhythmic dissonance with them, even without the term they’ll feel it in practice. 

Once I had established the names sizes and rolls of the drums, I would begin 

demonstrating and teaching the different “timeline” rhythms with different claps, slaps, and desk 

hits.  If it happens to be a beginning music class and they have been learning about notated 

rhythms, I would write it on the board, however, if it would just complicate the matter, I would just 

teach each rhythm auraly. I would start with the Gankogui rhythm clapped, to replicate its higher 

bell timbre, then teach the axatse part by slapping alternating legs, and finally the Kagan by 

tapping a pencil on a desk.  After each part is learned it would be immediately layered in with the 

Page 2: Gahuewe Drumming

previous rhythms until the whole groove is achieved.  Once they’ve got it they can speed up. 

These are the corresponding rhythms­ 

 

Gankogui­ 

 

axatse­   

 

 

­first beat is beamed differently because it is not suppose to start on one, this beat only happens 

on the second repetition and on 

 

Kagan­ 

 

  If the time was extended far beyond the 15 minutes we had in class, I would ask for two 

volunteers to come to the front of the class.  At this point, I believe it would be worth while to ask 

them to have a normal conversation, “How are you?” “I am fine.” and then, have them replicate 

this on the drums, responding to one another and feeling the conversational rhythm, even 

imagining the beats and hits as words if it helps guide the initial flow.  This would help 

demonstrate in a very real way what is meant by having leading and responsorial drums and 

rolls.  The first child, of course, acting as the master drummer with his Boba and the other 

playing the role of Sugo or Kidi. 

An essential and also particularly fun component of Gahu is the dance.  Especially after 

unloading a decent chunk of information on a young classroom, I don’t doubt that this could be a 

saving grace and highlight of the lesson.  I would ask the whole class to stand and, while 

Page 3: Gahuewe Drumming

emphasizing that fact that most African cultures do not see music and dance in terms of counts 

of 1, 2 ,3 ,4, they instead feel where they are within the groove and in this case, the timeline 

instruments, I’d simply ask them to follow along with me.  It would be very important in this case 

to have either a recording of the groove or have a volunteer ensemble (preferably those who 

performed particularly well in the earlier rhythmic demonstrations) play along while the rest of the 

class dances.  One of the most significant parts of the dance is it’s response to the Boba’s 

rhythmic cues. There are multiple movements that can be learned and then applied by teaching 

how the volunteer Boba coming out of the texture and improvising signals the change from one 

of these moves to the other.  A large part of this dance also involves moving in a circle, which 

could be very fun for a class and would also provide the chance for the Boba to signify 

something simpler, like a direction change.  If even this is to complicated for the class, even just 

demonstrating and mirroring the moves to a count is well worthwhile, because dancing is fun. 

I feel that it is always powerful and effective to end activities like this with a discussion on 

the sense of unity and family felt during the lesson.  There is never a bad time to emphasize the 

love shared in a participatory performance, especially when this sentiment is so deeply mirrored 

in the African culture and community it originated from.  

 

 

 

 

" Multitrack Mixer #1Gahu: Traditional African Drumming & Dance from Ghana." 

ThisWorldMusic. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Oct. 2014.