g15039-prakash piyoosh- isdcs assignment

7/23/2019 G15039-Prakash Piyoosh- IsDCS Assignment

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Project: Sustainable Fishing In India(Under the guidance of Prof. Bushen Raina)

SUSTAINABLE FISHING PRACTICES

ISDCS TERM IIAssignment by

PRAKASH PIYOOSH (G15039)

GMP 2015-2016


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Contents:

Fishing Industry in India.

Sustainable fishing practices in India.

Challenges & Issues Identified.

Stakeholder Analysis.

Solutions offered in this paper.

References.


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Fishing Industry in India:

India has 8,118 kilometres of marine coastline, 3,827 fishing villages, and 1,914 traditional

fish landing centers. India's fresh water resources consist of 195,210 kilometres of rivers and

canals, 2.9 million hectares of minor and major reservoirs, 2.4 million hectares of ponds and

lakes, and about 0.8 million hectares of flood plain wetlands and water bodies. As of 2010,

the marine and freshwater resources offered a combined sustainable catch fishing potential

of over 4 million metric tonnes of fish. In addition, India's water and natural resources offer a

tenfold growth potential in aquaculture (farm fishing) from 2010 harvest levels of 3.9 million

metric tonnes of fish, if India were to adopt fishing knowledge, regulatory reforms, and

sustainability policies adopted as adopted by others

1. India is a major supplier of fish in the world, contributes over 1 percent of India's

annual gross domestic product and employs 14 Million People.

2. Of the countrys total inland fish production, 60 percent is from fish farmed in pondsand reservoirs.

3. 5 Major Fishing Harbours, 23 minor harbours, 95 fish landing centres Andhra Pradesh,

Gujarat and Kerala tops the three most fish harvesting states in India.

The country's rich marine and inland water resources, fisheries and aquaculture offer an

attractive and promising sector for employment, livelihood, and food security. Fish products

from India are well received by almost half of world's countries, creating export-driven

employment opportunities in India and greater food security for the world.

Sustainable fishing Practices in India:

Current Sustainable practices followed in India:

1. Fish farming is a sustainable method used for fresh water fish in India.

2. Line fishing involves fishing with lines that have hooks attached to them. It

almost eliminates any by-catch and does not harm other marine life.)3. India laid the foundation for scientific carp farming by demonstrating high

production levels of 8 to 10 tonnes/hectare/year in an incubation centre.

4. The different culture systems in Indian practice include: Intensive pond culture

with supplementary feeding and aeration, Composite carp culture, Weed-

based carp polyculture, integrated fish farming with poultry, pigs, ducks,

horticulture, Pen Cage culture Running-water fish culture.


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Challenges & Issues Identified:

Most important issue is that the majority of fishermen in India are living in a very

despair state owing to the rising prices and lack of other sources of income. Their

inability to find alternate sources of income has led to indiscriminate &

unsustainable fishing practices. The day is not very far when people will find it

extremely difficult to catch hold of the minimum required number of fish to earntheir livelihood. And then the question will be asked: what will happen to 14.5

Million strong workforce excluding the dependents in the fishing industry.

Current Fishing Practices and dangers involved:

1. Data on availability of fish stocks and yield is poor.

2. Most of fishing done in Indian coastal water is through trawling and Purse

Seine gears which destroys fish breeding locations by ploughing through it.

Deep sea trawling harvests even the fingerlings and prevents the

development of matured adult fish of the next generation.

3. Creation of artificial substrata, use of dynamites in shallow parts of seas

and fishing during high tides in backwaters are the few unsustainable ways

that have been banned by law.

4. Fish kills are a common occurrence in summer. The river is leading towardecological disaster caused by water pollution due to direct or indirect

dumping of excessive sewage, industrial effluents and toxic materials into

the rivers and coastal sea.

5. Even though India having the vast coastline, the consumption of seafood

has not been popular to many parts of this country of 1.27 Billion people.


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Stakeholder Analysis:

Major Stakeholder Inducement Contribution

Labour-Local Fishermen He would benefit from

additional jobs in the

domain of processing and

marketing and also serve

the dependents.

He would work primarily

towards protection of the

interest of the fishermen.

Land-Representative from

Local Community

They will be concerned

with environment &

Natural resources which

provides fish. To have a

better environment &

healthy ecosystem

They will monitor the

ecosystem in which fish is

grown& make sure it is not

destroyed and hence fishing

remains a sustainable

process in a given water

body. It would check

excessive fishing, poor

practices and external

agents which damage the

ecosystem.

Investor To make money They will bring new

technology.

Government Fishermen welfare and

their social upliftment,

fish waste will be well

managed

Can promote both public &

private sector funding

Consumer Safe & clean market place,better pricing More purchase byconsumers will help lift the

fishermen income.


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Solutions Offered:

We know that sustainable solutions for any problem must address three realities of life

namely: PEOPLE, PLANET & PROFIT.

Most of the problems related to fishing in India can be solved by using three simple butimportant steps:

1. Open the training centres addressing importance on Fish reserves, fish waste

management & sustainable way of fishing at the Fish landing stations itself. (PEOPLE)

2. They must be engaged in ways to have other sources of income so that their

dependency on the amount of catch gets reduced. For e.g. engaging in supplying fish

to aquarium manufacturers or using fish scales for decorative purposes.

Generating multiple revenue streams will attract investors and also the Govt. can work

on the leveraging PPP model to issue grants, risk insurances or have a good pricing

mechanisms. (PROFIT)3. The investment will bring new technology to catch only the desired fish and not the

fingerlings etc. An efficient supply chain mechanism like having more number of cold

storages etc. can prevent fish spoilage and Stock recovery can be achieved.

We can also stress on breeding seeds of fishes of other compatible ecosystems. This

will open a new horizon for fishermen and there will be more variety in tastes.

(PLANET)

Other Suggestions for sustainable fishing:

1. Develop fish farming for sea fish owing to Indias vast coastline.

2. Dont throw fish scales as such after fish is sold in the market. Use the fish scales for

decorative purposes and can be a source of livelihood for the poor fishermen.

3. Fishing during entry time into the freshwater bodies affects the fish wealth and fish

biodiversity, so why not have more patrolling by coastal police to curb fishing during high tide.

4. Overfishing can be prevented if the fishermen can be connected with organized retail

and better road infrastructure.

5. Fish Cleaning Stations at Boat launch stations will help reduce the fish waste which

might affect the water quality if untreated.

6. Most of the Fish waste/ bones can be utilized as bait to catch other fishes rather using

the small fishes as prey. This way the control on population of small undesired fishes can be

achieved.


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References:

Wikipedia & Other Internet websites.

"Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profiles: India".Food and Agriculture

Organization of the United Nations. 2011.

Fisheries Sector Interventions

"India - National Fishery Sector Overview".Food and Agriculture


Forbes India, Panda.Org, The Indian Express

"Export of marine products from India".Central Institute of Fisheries

Technology, India. 2008.

"The state of world fisheries and aquaculture, 2014"(PDF). FAO of the United

Nations. 2010.

"Karunanidhi asks Centre to take up fishermens issues."

National Geography

"National Aquaculture Sector Overview: India".Food and Agriculture


"Fisheries".Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. 2007.

"Annual Report: India, 2008-2009"(PDF). Department of Animal Husbandry

Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. 2009.

"Activities of NFDB".National Fisheries Development Board - Govt of India.

2014
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