Group:Level 3-4

Date:Nov 29, 2012

Time:2hours

No. of Students:20

Recent topic work:Vocabulary for everyday situations

Recent language work:Subjects and Pronouns, Contractions, Present and Future Tenses

Aims: (stated in input terms, i.e. what the teacher intends to do)To teach students how to recognize and express the Future in Time Clauses and understand that the present tense can be used to designate a future event. Objectives: (stated in output terms, i.e. what the students are expected to do)To learn how to recognize and generate sentences using the Future in Time Clauses and incorporate this into their everyday conversation. To understand that the Present Tense can be used in a Future context.Assessment:Formal and informal assessment of how well students can complete and create sentences in the Future with Time Clauses. Informal assessment to see if the students can incorporate what they know of other parts of speech such as pronouns.Materials:Handouts, Quiz, Timeline chart, Card game, chart paper, Blackboard

Anticipated Problems:Students struggle with the present tenses and are not able to complete the activityTiming Teacher Activity Student Activity Success Indicators Aims of the stagePresentation10-15 Minutes-Basic review of Simple Past, Simple Present and Simple Future Tenses as three distinct times.

10 Minutes-Present a scenario using a simple time clause structure.

Teacher presents timeline on the blackboard and explains three different time situations, all unrelated to each other using past, present and future tenses.

Present picture charts showing verb tenses using simple present, present progressive and present perfect + simple future + time clause words. Show how they are used together to express an activity in the future

Listen and ask questions, clarify understanding and vocabulary. Repeat the tense structures the teacher has used. Generate personal examples

Listen and ask questions

Students will be able to generate the verb tense structure with their own examples.

Students seem interested and willing to learn about the topic

To Contextualize verb tenses to lead into the lesson of future in Time Clauses.

To develop an awareness that the present tense can be used to express an action that will happen in the future dependent on another activity

1

15-20 Minutes-Handout #1, review vocabulary tenses and rules,

Practice45 Minutes-Handout #2, Present and explain practice activites #1 and #2 on worksheet and take up afterwards

Production20 MinutesExplain and play the Future in Time Clauses Card Game

10 MinutesShort quiz on what they have learned so far

Teacher presents handout #1, reviews time clause words, tenses, order rule, works through examples with students

Teacher presents practice activity #1 to reinforce the rules learned in handout #1 using different subjects, pronouns and verb accords. Gives students time to write answers, helps where needed and takes up the activity on blackboard, repeat same procedure for practice activity #2

Present the rules of the game, organize students into small groups, pass out cards and chart paper

Pass out Quiz and monitor students

Students take turns reading examples, repeating correct structures, clarify vocabulary and ask questions if necessary

Complete practice activites #1 and #2, students rewrite sentences from handout #1, take up orally with the teacher, present answers, rework sentences following patterns learned

Get into groups and take turns choosing a card from each category to generate sentences, ask each other questions and record a short story situation

Work independently on the quiz

Students are able to correctly repeat the examples and understand the changes of the order rule.

Students successfully use the correct verb conjugations with different subjects, students use correct order of time clauses

Students can successfully play the game and create short story situations, students are engaged in conversation throughout the activity

Students achieve 80% or better mastery of the concepts

Students become comfortable with the rules and use them in simple sentences.

Students start to gain independence in using time clauses with different subjects and are able to apply the order rule

Students can demonstrate that a time clause shows what you are going to do in the future dependent on another activity, they can use these structures in conversations about real situations

Students begin to incorporate the future in time clauses into their conversations

2

Additional possibilities:Students present their conversations from the Future in Time Clause Card Game with the rest of the class. I

Homework/Further work: Focus homework on using the Present Perfect for emphasis in sentences. Reassign practice activities using the Present Perfect tense and Time Clause.

Taken from: Harmer, J. (2007). How to teach English. Essex, England: Pearson Longman.

3

Handout #1: Rules, Time Clause Words and Examples1) Time Clause Words:

When, Before, After, Until, As soon as, While

2) To express the future with a time clause you use one of the “time clause words” with the….

1. Simple Present

2. Present Progressive

3. Present Perfect

3) Order Rule: These time clauses can either come at the beginning of a sentence or in the second part. If they come at the beginning of a sentence you use a comma to separate the second part of the sentence.

4) Sometimes the Present Perfect is used in a Time Clause. The Present Perfect in the Time Clause emphasizes the completion of one act before a second act occurs in the Future.

Example: I will go to the movies after I have finished my chores. (This emphasizes the completion of the chores before going to the movies in the future).

5) Using a Time Clause to explain what you are going to do in the future dependent on another activity

Examples using “before” + Simple Present:

A) I walk the dog.

Before I walk the dog, I will change my shoes. Or…. I will change my shoes before I walk the dog.

B) I make my lunch.

Before I make my lunch, I will wash my hands. Or…. I will wash my hands before I make my lunch.

C) I eat my breakfast.

Before I eat my breakfast, I will get dressed. Or…… I will get dressed before I eat my breakfast.

D) I walk to the bus stop.

Before I walk to the bus stop, I will put on my coat. Or…. I will put on my coat before I walk to the bus.

What is the rule/pattern?

Before + Subject + Verb = a time clause

When the Time Clause comes at the beginning of the sentence use a comma before the next Clause.

4

Handout #2 Practice ActivitiesPractice Activity #1

Use the examples sentences in handout #1 but change the subject and pronouns to…..

Susan, she Example: Before Susan walks the dog, she will change her shoes.

Dave, he

The kids, they

You, your

We, our

Practice Activity #2

Rework the sentences below to express the ideas in the Future. Use a time clause word + a Simple Future + Simple Present or Present Progressive or Present Perfect tense.

1) I jog around the block. I listen to music. + While

Example: While I jog around the block, I am going to listen to music.

2) I do my laundry. I visit a friend. + After

_____________________________________________________________________________.

3) The bus comes down the street. Jane waits in the bus shelter. + Until.

______________________________________________________________________________.

4) Joe cashes his cheque. He goes to the bank. + As soon as

______________________________________________________________________________.

5) Marie visits her mother. They talk about a lot of things. + When

______________________________________________________________________________.

6) Moe goes to the movie. Moe gets some money from the ATM. + Before

______________________________________________________________________________.

7) The boys and girls are playing. Their parents sit on the park benches. + While

______________________________________________________________________________.

8) Matthew drives to the dentist. He stops for gas. + When

_____________________________________________________________________________.

5

Future in Time Clauses Card Game

Materials: Three piles/categories of cards

Time Clause Words Subjects Situations

When

Before

After

As soon as

Until

While

Tom and Pete

Grandma

I

We

You

The girls

The Kids

Mom and Dad

Jason

Jennifer

Sarah

Go to the movies

Take a shower

Visit the doctor

Buy a shawarma

Buy bus tickets

Do the laundry

Pick up groceries

Shop at the market

Visit a friend

Phone to make an appointment

Play hockey

How to play the game: Students divide into groups of three. The first person chooses one card from each pile. Students will use the new language [Time Clause Words and Appropriate Verb Tenses] to produce sentences and situations of their own. They are encouraged to make a sentence based on the cards they select and add on their own ideas to finish the sentence. The other members of the group will each ask a question about the situation using one of the sentences practiced (Simple Present, Present Progressive, Present Perfect or Simple Future). The group will put the ideas together to make a short story situation and record it on chart paper.

Example: Before + the kids + buy a shawarma

Student #1: Before the kids buy a shawarma, they will ask their parents for some money.

Student #2: Will their parents give them the money?

Student #1: Yes, their parents will give them the money.

Student #3: How will they get to the Shawarma Shop?

Student #1: They will walk to the Shawarma Shop.

Group story: Before the kids buy a shawarma, they will ask their parents for some money. Their parents will give them the money and they will go to the Shawarma Shop.

6

Quiz for Students

Handout with fill in the blanks – use the present progressive or future to complete the sentences:

After I make a pot of coffee I (pour) ____________________ myself a cup.

When Marry goes grocery shopping, she (buy) ______________________milk for______ coffee.

As soon as Joe gets home, he (make) ______________________ a sandwich for lunch.

Make up two more future in time clause sentences using “As soon as,” “while,” or “Before.”

______________________________________________________________________________

7

The Future in Time Clauses Lesson Summary

By: Matthew Jackson

The aim of this lesson is to familiarize students with the concept of expressing the future using Time Clauses and understand that the present tense can be used to designate a future event.

The students are expected to learn how to identify and generate sentences suing this concept and incorporate these structures into their everyday conversations.

Presentation: The lesson will begin with a short presentation to review the simple past, present and future as three distinct times.

The lesson will then focus on the correct grammar for using a time clause to express the future. The aim of this part of the lesson will be to develop an awareness that the Present Tense can be used to express an action that will in the future dependent on another activity.

The teacher will present the time clause words, order rule and work through the examples on a handout with the students. The students will follow along, repeat correct structures and clarify any problems as they become comfortable with the concepts. The presentation component of this lesson will take approximately 45 minutes.

Practice: The practice component of this lesson will consist of a handout with two activities. The first activity will involve reinforcement of the rules learned in the presentation. The students will rework the example sentences substituting different subjects, pronouns and verb accords. They will record their answers. The teacher will take up the activity on the blackboard.

For the second activity the students will generate future time clause sentences from two ideas expressed in the present + a time clause word. They will record their answers and the teacher will take them up on the blackboard and present them according to the order rule. The practice component of this lesson will take approximately 45 minutes.

Production: For the production component of this lesson the students will be divided into groups of three to play a game called “The Future in Time Clauses Card Game.” Using cards pick from three categories the students will take turns generate sentences with time clauses. They well ask each other questions and record in writing a short story situation based on their questions and the game.

The students will show through their group conversations that they have understood the concepts and are able to use them in everyday language situations.

The final production activity will be a short quiz to test their independent knowledge. The production component of this lesson will take approximately 30 minutes to complete.

8

Verb Tenses for

Time Clauses:

Simple PresentI walk the dog.

Present ProgressiveI am walking the dog.

Present PerfectI have walked the dog.

Time Clause

Words:

When Before After Until As soon as While

Order Rule: These time clauses can either come at the beginning of a sentence or in the second part. If they come at the beginning of a sentence you use a comma to separate the second part of the sentence.

Examples using “while”:

I walk the dog. I listen to music.

In a Future Time Clause….

While I walk the dog, I will listen to music.

Or

I will listen to music while I walk the dog.

(Both actions are happening in the Future)

9

QuickTime™ and a decompressorare needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and a decompressorare needed to see this picture.

References

Azar, B.S., & Hagen, S.A. (2009). Understand and Using English Grammar: Fourth Edition. New York: Pearson Longman.

10