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Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz-Calderon Sergio Almaraz-Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014 ATLAS USER'S MEETING 05/15/2014

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Page 1: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics:The MUSIC approachThe MUSIC approach

Sergio Almaraz­CalderonSergio Almaraz­CalderonPhysics Division

Argonne National Laboratory2014 ATLAS USER'S MEETING

05/15/2014

Page 2: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

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Carbon burning reactions in the starsCarbon burning in massive stars

Ignition phase of Type Ia supernovae

X-ray binariesNASA/CXC/PSU/L

University of Chicago Flash Center

S. Almaraz­Calderon ATLAS user's meeting 05/15/2014

Page 3: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

H. Schatz

X­Ray Bursts and Superbursts

●H and He burning (rp­process)H and He burning (rp­process)

●X­ray burst lightcurves ~ 10 sec – minutesX­ray burst lightcurves ~ 10 sec – minutes

Accreting neutron star

M ~ 1 – 2 M⊙R ~ 10 km

 ~ 10Ρ 14 g/cm3

Accretion rate ~ 0.5–50 kg/cm2/s of H or He

Normal burstNormal burst

S. Almaraz­Calderon ATLAS user's meeting 05/15/2014

Page 4: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

What powers the ‘superbursts’?

Deep burning: Carbon fusion 

 Fusion of neutron­rich light nuclei (C, O, Ne) 12C + 12C....24C + 24C

X.D. Tang et al., J. Phys.Conf. Ser. 381, 012120 (2012).

D.G. Yakovlev et al., Phys. Rev. C 82, 044609 (2010).

~ 3hrs

SuperburstsSuperbursts

H. Schatz

S. Almaraz­Calderon ATLAS user's meeting 05/15/2014

Page 5: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

MUSICMUSICMUlti­Sampling Ionization Chamber

●Medium size high efficiency active target / gas­filled detector●Measurement of energy losses along a particle track ●Measurement of excitation function with a single beam energy

S. Almaraz­Calderon ATLAS user's meeting 05/15/2014

Page 6: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

p(10B,10C)n

H2

10B, E~ 80 MeV ~ 100 pnA

Multiple

gas cells

Debunching

resonator rf sweeper

Superconducting solenoid

Radioactive beam production at ATLAS:In­Flight techniqueIn­Flight technique 10C: 1H(10B,10C)n: 500/s

[11C: 2H(10B,11C)n]: 2000/s 12C 13C 14C 15C: 2H(14C,15C)p: 2000/s

ATLAS

10,12,13,14,15C + 12C  experimental campaign

S. Almaraz­Calderon ATLAS user's meeting 05/15/2014

Page 7: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

Beam signalSum

Left

rightLeft

Right

Event­by­event analysis

Fusion signal

Na

NeO

C

S. Almaraz­Calderon ATLAS user's meeting 05/15/2014

Page 8: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

15C14C

15NTo

F (

a .u

.)

ΔEcath

(a.u.)

S. Almaraz­Calderon ATLAS user's meeting 05/15/2014

MUSIC performance with Radioactive ion beams

Page 9: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

Results

S. Almaraz­Calderon ATLAS user's meeting 05/15/2014

Page 10: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

S. Almaraz­Calderon ATLAS user's meeting 05/15/2014

What powers the ‘superbursts’?

Page 11: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

What powers the ‘superbursts’?

S. Almaraz­Calderon ATLAS user's meeting 05/15/2014

Page 12: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

Digital MUSICMeasure exit channels  12CH4 + 14,16,18,19,20O12CH4 + 20,21,22,23,24Ne20,22Ne + 20,21,22,23,24Ne208Pb + 20,21,22,23,24Ne…

Future work

We  have  performed  the  first  measurements  of  the  total  fusion  cross sections in the systems 10,14,15C + 12C using a new active target­detector system. 

In  the  energy  region  accessible  with  existing  radioactive  beams  a good  agreement  between  the  experimental  and  theoretical  cross sections is observed.

Summary

S. Almaraz­Calderon ATLAS user's meeting 05/15/2014

Page 13: Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The …Fusion reactions in nuclear astrophysics: The MUSIC approach Sergio Almaraz Calderon Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 2014

AknowledgementsAknowledgementsP.  F.  F.  Carnelli,  K.  E.  RehmP.  F.  F.  Carnelli,  K.  E.  Rehm,,  M.  Albers,  M.  Alcorta,  M.  Avila,  B. Digiovine, H. Esbensen, D. Henderson, C. L. Jiang,1 J. Lai, O. Nusair, R. C. Pardo, M. Paul, D. Santiago­Gonzalez, and C. Ugalde

Thank you!Thank you!

S. Almaraz­Calderon ATLAS user's meeting 05/15/2014