full lab report thermo

8/19/2019 Full Lab Report Thermo

1/42

1.0 Objective

The objective of this experiment is to study the characteristic curves of a centrifugal compressor.

2.0 Abstract

The whole idea of conducting this experiment was to decide the characteristic curves of a

centrifugal compressor. Ordinarily, compressor can be assign as a part of the system that used

energy conservation to alter the energy from one form to another. There are varieties of

compressors that are well-used in industries such as centrifugal and axial compressor in order to

increase the fluid pressure either in power plant, refrigerator or many more. As reported by

Shuanguan Shaw, !""#, in a centrifugal compressor, energy transposed from a set of rotating

impeller blades to the gas. $entrifugal compressor contradict to axial compressor by the flow of

air which in centrifugal compressor, air flows radially in the compressor while in axial

compressor, air flows parallel to the shaft axis. $entrifugal compressor deliver high flow

capacity per unit of installed space and weight, reuire less maintenance and have good

reliability rather than axial compressor.

%n this experiment, performance of compressor is portrayed by the pressure ratio across

the compressor &$'(), the rotational speed of the shaft reuisite to increase pressure and an

efficiency factor that stipulate how much extra wor* reuired relative to an ideal compressor.

Allude to the theory that been stated by T.'. +ynes, !"", the value of $'( must greater than ."

and in order to attain that, the compressor must perform wor* on the flow by intensifying the

speed rate of rotating shaft. Other than that, the temperature for inlet and outlet and also the

efficiency also need to be determined. According to ./. 0oore, !"", the efficiency will

decrease when the speed increase while for inlet and outlet temperature, both will increase when

speed increased. 1esides that, the efficiency value must be preserved at ." and in order to

achieve that, auxiliary wor* need to be done. The efficiency of a compressor can also be

improved by conducting in multi stages.


2/42

This experiment began with the start-up procedure where '$ need to be turn on to start

the analysis software. 2ext, switched on the interface module and power meter at the front of

euipment. Steer clear of wet hand to avoid electrocution. 1utterfly 3alve in the outlet flow must

be ensured to be closed and at the same time, turned the *nob for Speed Adjuster. The

compressor speed was observed via the software and *eep on redressed to obtain desired speed

&rpm). Then, uic*ly pressed stop when green light appeared on the screen. The step was

repeated except for the 1utterfly 3alve and compressor speed that need to be adjusted. 4astly, for

shutting down process, clic* exit at +0!! software menu and switched off the interface module

including power meter and all the switches.

The results acuired for each compressor speed &""""rpm, """rpm, !"""rpm,

5"""rpm and #"""rpm) were jotted down and graph of 6ifferential 'ressure&mbar), Total

6ifferential 'ressure&mbar), 7fficiency&8), %nlet Temperature&"$), Outlet Temperature&"$) were

plotted against the lowrate&m59hr) via 0icrosoft 7xcel. Through that, it can be proven that, as

the compressor speed increased, so do the flowrate, inlet and also outlet temperature. :hile for

efficiency and pressure, both of them will decrease when speed increased. 7venthough the results

obtain were uite inconsistent due to errors, but it still can be associated successfully to the

theory. Some errors may come while adjusting the 1utterfly 3alve, compressor speed and also

during handling the +0!! software.


3/42

3.0 RESULT AND DATA

Speed: " """ rpm

Degree

o

Ope!i!g

"#tter$% &a$ve

&o$#'etric

($o) rate

*'3+,r-

&o$#'etric

($o) rate

/

*ca$c#$ated- *'3+,r-

Te'p

!

*-

Te'p

O#t

*-

d1

*'bar-

d2

*'bar

-

Tota$

d

*'bar

-

d

*'bar-

E$ectrica$

o)er e$*4-

Eicie!c%

! *5-

Eicie!c%

!

*ca$c#$ated-

*5-

6%dra

o)e

,%d *4

" "." ;".;5 5!.!

55.""< !5.5 !;5

" "." 555."> 5!.!

55."= !".#= " 5.;" .>=< 5.";5 "." !=. "=5

!" "." ;;""."; 5!.!!>

55.5< .; ". >!.!;; "." ">.>

5" "." ;#5.#>" 5!.!

55.5< !".> .! 5.#"# ".".

#" "." ;;""."; 5!.!!>

55.!< !".;; .! 5.#=5 ". >#.! "." >.#=> >!55.

=" "." ;;""."; 5!.!!>

55.#; !".";< . ". >#.! "." ;.>! >>.

;" "." 5!#.#> 5!.!!> 55.>.# >.;;; .5!< "." .=5 !5 =.!5# "." "=.#! !=.

" 5.#> !;5=5.5"= 5!.5!#

5#."

Table ." shows the result obtained for speed " """ rpm


4/42


5/42

Speed: """ rpm

Degree

o

Ope!i!g

"#tter$

% &a$ve

&o$#'etric

($o) rate

*'3+,r-

&o$#'etric

($o) rate

/

*ca$c#$ated

- *'3+,r-

Te'p

!

*-

Te'p

O#t

*-

d1

*'bar-

d2

*'bar

-

Tota$

d

*'bar

-

d

*'bar-

E$ectrica$

o)er e$*4-

Eicie!c%

! *5-

Eicie!c%

!

*ca$c#$ated-

*5-

6%dra

o)e

,%d *4

" "." "5 !;.!>" !5.> =".#> !.55 =5! !5.==# #;.;5 !5.> =.!5# "." 5

#" "." 5.#5

=" "." !==;". 5!.=!"

5#.; 5. .> 55##

" !=.!"! !>< !#

Table . shows the result obtained for speed """ rpm


6/42


7/42

Speed: ! """ rpm

Degree

o

Ope!i!g

"#tter$

% &a$ve

&o$#'etric

($o) rate

*'3+,r-

&o$#'etric

($o) rate

/

*ca$c#$ated

- *'3+,r-

Te'p

!

*-

Te'p

O#t

*-

d1

*'bar-

d2

*'bar

-

Tota$

d

*'bar

-

d

*'bar-

E$ectrica$

o)er e$*4-

Eicie!c%

! *5-

Eicie!c%

!

*ca$c#$ated-

*5-

6%dra

o)e

,%d *4

" "." #5.;== 5!."

5;..=5 =>.>< !."" 5".=.>."5 ; 5!."

5>.#"! !".; !#.=; #=.==> !".; !5#.5>= "." >#.;; #"

5>.=< 5.=;# !.#

;" !.! 55#5 55#5.;=> 55.""<

5>.>5 "." . ;.!=< ;=.#< >!=

!.# 55.""<

5>.>5 "." .# ;.#=< ;#.!# ;.;= "." .5" ;;


8/42


9/42

Speed: 5 """ rpm

Degree

o

Ope!i!g

"#tter$

% &a$ve

&o$#'etric

($o) rate

*'3+,r-

&o$#'etric

($o) rate

/

*ca$c#$ated

- *'3+,r-

Te'p

!

*-

Te'p

O#t

*-

d1

*'bar-

d2

*'bar

-

Tota$

d

*'bar

-

d

*'bar-

E$ectrica$

o)er e$*4-

Eicie!c%

! *5-

Eicie!c%

!

*ca$c#$ated-

*5-

6%dra

o)e

,%d *4

" "." 5=;.!#5 5!.;>

5=.5< 5>. 5.> !."# "." !!#.!"" !>#

" "." 5"#.> 5!.;>

5;."5= 5=..5>; 5!.;>

5;."5= 5#.>> 5!."5 ;;.>#< !.;>< 5!.;>

5;..5 5!.=!

"

5;.


10/42


11/42

Speed: # """ rpm

Degree

o

Ope!i!g

"#tter$

% &a$ve

&o$#'etric

($o) rate

*'3+,r-

&o$#'etric

($o) rate

/

*ca$c#$ated

- *'3+,r-

Te'p

!

*-

Te'p

O#t

*-

d1

*'bar-

d2

*'bar

-

Tota$

d

*'bar

-

d

*'bar-

E$ectrica$

o)er e$*4-

Eicie!c%

! *5-

Eicie!c%

!

*ca$c#$ated-

*5-

6%dra

o)e

,%d *4

" "." ="".55" 5!.;>

5;. >>.5## 5."; ;#.";5 "."

!" "." ">!!.=# 5!.>=

5>."! #.>#< 5= "." "..!"> 5>.5 5;.=!5 >#.#;! .#; !5!;

#" "." 5;#=

5>.#"! 5".=< 5#.!>> ;#.>= 5.>= 5;.#".;5; 5!==<

>" 5>.< 5>"=.=# 5!.>=

5>..>.>.># 5;;>.#; 5!.>=

5>..#< !>.#< !>.#< #;".5< ;.#!; ;"."" !>;;"

" "." =#>>.>55 5!..;= #=.!= #".5


12/42

9 9 6 0 . 6 1 2 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

9 9 4

6 6 0 0 . 0 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 4

6 6 0 0 . 0 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 4

1 1 3 2 4 . 9 4 7

2 3 9 4 8 . 4 2 8

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

16.00

18.00

20.00

22.00

24.00

26.00

Diferential Pressure, dp1 (mbar) vs l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

Diferential Pressure, dp1 (mbar)

igure ." shows the graph of 6ifferential 'ressure, dp &mbar) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed " """ rpm


13/42

9 9 6 0 . 6 1 2 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 4

6 6 0 0 . 0 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4

6 6 0

0 . 0 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 4

1 1 3 2 4 . 9 4 7

2 3 9 4 8 . 4 2 8

0.00&.00

10.001&.0020.002&.0030.003&.0040.004&.00&0.00

'!tal Diferential Pressure, dpt!t (mbar) vs l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

'!tal Diferential Pressure, dpt!t (mbar)

igure . shows the graph of Total 6ifferential 'ressure, dp &mbar) against lowrate, ? &m 59hr) for speed " """ rpm


14/42

9 9 6 0 . 6 1 2 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 4

6 6 0 0 . 0 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4

6 6 0 0 . 0 6 9 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 4

1 1 3 2 4 . 9 4 7

2 3 9 4 8 . 4 2 8 0

. 0 0

6 0 . 0 0 1

2 0 . 0 0 1

8 0 . 0 0 2

4 0 . 0 0 3

0 0 . 0 0

*ien*+, n () vs l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

*ien*+, n ()

igure .! shows the graph of 7fficiency, n &8) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed " """ rpm


15/42

9 9 6

0 . 6 1 2 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 4

6 6 0

0 . 0 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4

6 6 0

0 . 0 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4

1 1 3 2 4 . 9 4 7

2 3 9 4 8 .

4 2 8

32.0232.0432.0632.0832.1032.1232.14

32.1632.1832.2032.2232.2432.2632.2832.3032.3232.34

-nlet 'emperature (/) vs l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

-nlet 'emperature (/)

igure .5 shows the graph of %nlet Temperature &@$) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed " """ rpm


16/42

9 9 6 0 . 6 1 2 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 4

6 6 0 0 . 0 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4

6 6 0 0 . 0 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4

1 1 3 2 4 . 9 4 7

2 3 9

4 8 . 4 2 8

32.40

32.60

32.80

33.00

33.20

33.40

33.60

33.80

34.00

34.20

utlet 'emperature (/) vs l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

utlet 'emperature (/)

igure .# shows the graph of Outlet Temperature &@$) against lowrate, ? &m5

9hr) for speed " """ rpm


17/42

1 0 8 8 9

. 9 3 7

3 4 8 & 3 . 2 6

3 1 8 7 9 . 8 0 7 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 3 & 6 1

. 2 4 3

2 8 7 6 7

. 3 1

0.002.004.006.008.00

10.0012.00

14.0016.0018.0020.0022.0024.0026.0028.00


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure .= shows the graph of 6ifferential 'ressure, dp &mbar) against lowrate, ? &m 59hr) for speed """ rpm


18/42

1 0 8 8 9 . 9 3 7

3 4 8 & 3 . 2 6

3 1 8 7 9 . 8 0 7 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 3 & 6 1 . 2 4 3

2 8 7 6 7

. 3 1

0.00

&.00

10.00

1&.00

20.002&.00

30.00

3&.00

40.00

4&.00

&0.00

&&.00


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure .; shows the graph of Total 6ifferential 'ressure, dp &mbar) against lowrate, ? &m 59hr) for speed """ rpm


19/42

1 0 8 8 9 . 9 3 7

3 4 8 & 3

. 2 6

3 1 8

7 9 . 8 0 7 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 3 & 6 1 . 2 4 3

2 8 7 6 7

. 3 1

0.00&0.00

100.001&0.00200.002&0.00

300.003&0.00400.004&0.00&00.00&&0.00600.00

*ien*+, n () vs l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

*ien*+, n ()

igure .> shows the graph of 7fficiency, n &8) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed """ rpm


20/42

1 0 8 8 9 . 9 3 7

3 4 8 & 3

. 2 6

3 1 8 7 9 . 8 0 7 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 3 & 6 1 . 2 4 3

2 8 7

6 7 . 3 1

32.1&

32.20

32.2&32.30

32.3&

32.40

32.4&

32.&0

32.&&

32.60

32.6&


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure .< shows the graph of %nlet Temperature &@$) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed """ rpm


21/42

1 0 8 8 9

. 9 3 7

3 4 8 & 3

. 2 6

3 1 8 7 9

. 8 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 1

1 3 & 6 1

. 2 4 3

2 8 7 6 7

. 3 1

34.0034.1034.2034.3034.4034.&0

34.6034.7034.8034.903&.003&.103&.203&.303&.40


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure . shows the graph of Outlet Temperature &@$) against lowrate, ? &m5

9hr) for speed """ rpm


22/42

1 1 4

3 1 . 6 & & 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1

1 3 3 8 0 . 9 8 3

& 6 0 & . 2 9 6 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

6

3 0 9 9 4 . 6 6 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 . 0 0 4 . 0 0 8 . 0 0 1

2 . 0 0 1

6 . 0 0 2

0 . 0 0 2

4 . 0 0 2 8 . 0 0 3 2 . 0 0


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure ." shows the graph of 6ifferential 'ressure, dp &mbar) against lowrate, ? &m 59hr) for speed ! """ rpm


23/42

1 1 4

3 1 . 6 & & 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 1

1 3 3 8 0 . 9 8 3

& 6 0 & . 2 9 6 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 6

3 0 9 9 4 . 6 6 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0.00&.00

10.001&.0020.00

2&.0030.003&.0040.004&.00&0.00&&.0060.006&.00


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure . shows the graph of Total 6ifferential 'ressure, dp &mbar) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed ! """ rpm


24/42

1 1 4 3 1 . 6 & & 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 0 2 0 1

. 4 9 2

3 2 2 & 6 . 8 7 6

1 3 3 8 0

. 9 8 3

3 1 0 7 2 . 1 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0.0020.0040.0060.0080.00100.00

120.00140.00160.00180.00200.00220.00240.00

*ien*+, n () vs l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

*ien*+, n ()

igure .! shows the graph of 7fficiency, n &8) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed ! """ rpm


25/42

1 1 4 3 1

. 6 & & 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 0 2 0 1

. 4 9 2

3 2 2 & 6 . 8 7 6

1 3 3 8 0 . 9 8 3

3 1 0 7 2 . 1 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

32.8632.8732.8832.8932.9032.91

32.9232.9332.9432.9&32.9632.9732.9832.9933.0033.0133.02


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure .5 shows the graph of %nlet Temperature &@$) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed ! """ rpm


26/42

1 1 4

3 1 . 6 & & 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 3 3 8 0

. 9 8 3

& 6 0

& . 2 9 6 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 6

3 0 9

9 4 . 6 6 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

36.2036.40

36.6036.8037.0037.2037.4037.6037.8038.00


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure .# shows the graph of Outlet Temperature &@$) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed ! """ rpm


27/42

1 3 & 6 1 . 2 4 3

1 3 0 1 4 . 8 7 7

1 1 & 3 7

. 3 7 6

1 9 1 & . 0 0 & 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1

1 2 6 3 8 . 1 7

2 & 1 3 0 . 8 3 3 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 9 9

3 2 7 7 8

. 0 9 1 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 9 7

3 4 8 8 8

. 0 7 8 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1

3 4 2 & 8

. 0 9 & 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 9 8

3 4 1 8 7 . 1 3 9 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 3

0.00

&.00

10.00

1&.00

20.00

2&.00

30.00

3&.00

40.00


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure .= shows the graph of 6ifferential 'ressure, dp &mbar) against lowrate, ? &m 59hr) for speed 5 """ rpm


28/42

1 3 & 6 1

. 2 4 3

1 3 0 1 4 . 8 7 7

1 1 & 3 7

. 3 7 6

1 9 1 & . 0 0 & 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 2 6

3 8 . 1 7

2 & 1 3 0

. 8 3 3 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

3 2 7 7 8

. 0 9 1 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 7

3 4 8 8 8

. 0 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

3 4 2 & 8

. 0 9 & 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8

3 4 1 8 7

. 1 3 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0

. 0 0 1

0 . 0 0 2

0 . 0 0 3 0 . 0 0 4

0 . 0 0 &

0 . 0 0 6 0 . 0 0 7

0 . 0 0 8

0 . 0 0


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure .; shows the graph of Total 6ifferential 'ressure, dp &mbar) against lowrate, ? &m 59hr) for speed 5 """ rpm


29/42

1 3 & 6 1

. 2 4 3

1 1 & 3 7

. 3 7 6

1 2 6 3 8

. 1 7

3 2 7 7 8

. 0 9 1 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 7

3 4 2 & 8 . 0 9 & 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8

0.0020.0040.0060.0080.00

100.00120.00140.00160.00180.00200.00220.00240.00

*ien*+, n () vs l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

*ien*+, n ()

igure .> shows the graph of 7fficiency, n &8) against lowrate, ? &m5

9hr) for speed 5 """ rpm


30/42

1 3 & 6 1 . 2 4 3

1 1 & 3 7 . 3 7 6

1 2 6 3 8 . 1 7

3 2 7 7 8

. 0 9 1 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 7

3 4 2 & 8

. 0 9 & 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8

32.4732.4832.4932.&032.&132.&232.&332.&4

32.&&32.&632.&732.&832.&932.6032.6132.6232.63


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure .< shows the graph of %nlet Temperature &@$) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed 5 """ rpm


31/42

1 3 & 6 1 . 2 4 3

1 1 & 3 7 . 3 7 6

1 2 6 3 8 . 1 7

3 2 7 7 8

. 0 9 1 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 7

3 4 2 & 8

. 0 9 & 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8

3&.403&.&03&.603&.703&.803&.9036.0036.1036.2036.3036.4036.&036.6036.7036.8036.90


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure . shows the graph of Outlet Temperature &@$) against lowrate, ? &m

5

9hr) for speed 5 """ rpm


32/42

1 & 0 0 1

. 3 3

1 3 9 1 2

. 9 8

1 0 7 2 2 . & 4 9 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 1

8 3 7 6 . 9 4 4 9 9 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 7

1 3 6 4 8 . 6 6 & 9 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 9

2 7 1 2 2 . 4 8 6 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 1

3 & 1 9 8

. 4 9

3 7 1 0 &

. 9 & 3 9 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 8

3 6 6 7 9 .

4 6 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 3

1 & 4

7 7 . 7 3 3

0.00

&.00

10.00

1&.0020.00

2&.00

30.00

3&.00

40.00

4&.00

&0.00


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure .!" shows the graph of 6ifferential 'ressure, dp &mbar) against lowrate, ? &m 59hr) for speed # """ rpm


33/42

1 & 0 0 1 . 3 3

1 3 9 1 2

. 9 8

1 0 7 2 2

. & 4 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 1

8 3 7 6 . 9 4 4 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

9 7

1 3 6 4 8

. 6 6 & 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

9 9

2 7 1 2 2 . 4 8 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 1

3 & 1 9 8

. 4 9

3 7 1 0 & . 9 & 3 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

9 8

3 6 6 7 9

. 4 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 3

1 & 4

7 7 . 7 3 3

0.00

10.00

20.0030.00

40.00

&0.00

60.00

70.00

80.00

90.00


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure .! shows the graph of Total 6ifferential 'ressure, dp &mbar) against lowrate, ? &m 59hr) for speed # """ rpm


34/42

1 & 0 0 1

. 3 3

1 0 7 2 2 . & 4 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

1 3 6 4 8 . 6 6 & 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

3 & 1 9 8 . 4 9

3 6 6 7 9 . 4 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3

0.0020.0040.0060.0080.00100.00

120.00140.00160.00180.00200.00220.00240.00

*ien*+, n () vs l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

l!"rate, # (m3$%r)

*ien*+, n ()

igure .!! shows the graph of 7fficiency, n &8) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed # """ rpm


35/42

1 & 0 0 1 . 3 3

1 3 9 1 2 . 9 8

1 0 7 2 2 . & 4 9 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 1

8 3 7 6 . 9 4 4 9 9 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 7

1 3 6 4 8

. 6 6 & 9 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 9

2 7 1 2 2 . 4 8 6 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 1

3 & 1 9 8 .

4 9

3 7 1 0 &

. 9 & 3 9 9 9 9 9 9

9 9 8

3 6 6 7 9 . 4 6 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 3

1 & 4

7 7 . 7 3 3

32.&032.&232.&432.&632.&832.6032.6232.64

32.6632.6832.7032.7232.7432.7632.7832.8032.8232.84


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure .!5 shows the graph of %nlet Temperature &@$) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed # """ rpm


36/42

1 & 0

0 1 . 3 3

1 3 9 1 2

. 9 8

1 0 7 2 2

. & 4 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

8 3 7 6

. 9 4 4 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 7

1 3 6 4 8

. 6 6 & 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

2 7 1 2 2

. 4 8 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

3 & 1 9 8 . 4 9

3 7 1 0 &

. 9 & 3 9 9 9 9

9 9 9 9 8

3 6 6 7 9

. 4 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3

1 & 4 7 7 . 7 3 3

36.20

36.40

36.6036.80

37.00

37.20

37.40

37.60

37.80

38.00

38.20


l!"rate, # (m3$%r)


igure .!# shows the graph of Outlet Temperature &@$) against lowrate, ? &m59hr) for speed # """ rpm


37/42

7.0 DSUSSON

1ased on the result of the experiment carried out, there were = graphs plotted which are

) 7fficiency vs flow rate!) %nlet temperature vs flow rate

5) Outlet temperature vs flow rate

#) Total differential pressure vs flow rate

Table .= shows the maximum efficiency and flow rate at the different speed

$haracteristic curve between efficiency and flow rate where the efficiency of each speed

increase dramatically and start to remain constant at the end. rom the data obtained, the

maximum efficiency and maximum flow rate of compressor at speed 5,""" rpm is =.#,"""


38/42

The sample calculation volumetric flow rate ?, +ydraulic power 'hyd and 7fficiency are shown in

the appendix.

Speed &rpm) 0ax temperature &C$) &Outlet) 0ax flow rate &mB9hr)

",""" 5!.5!# 5.#>

,""" 5=.!=# !=.!"!

!,""" 5>.>5 5.!5

5,""" 5;.

,""" 5!.;> !=.!"!

!,""" 55."= 5.!>#

Table .> shows the maximum inlet temperature and flow rate at the different speed

rom the graph above, outlet temperature versus flow rate it indicate that speed at ","""

rpm the temperature are lower than the !,""" rpm and 5,""" rpm speed which is higher. or

the speed at !,""" rpm the temperature start at 55." mB9hr and *eep increasing until 5!.;> C$ after

flow rate reach at 5.!5 mB9hr. %n this case, inlet and outlet temperature increase when flow rate

increase.


39/42

1ased on the theoretical, the trend for higher temperature is increasing at the beginning of

the process just to start. As the flow rate increases, the temperature will increasing and

decreasing until the process is finish. At the end of the process, the temperature was increasing

once again which indicates that the process is almost finished. At the lower temperature, the

same trend of the graph is probable.

The pressure decreased gradually and not constant by moving up and down for each flow

rate. 1esides, the pressures decreased dramatically for each flow rate. 1ased on the theory, the

pressure is decreasing with the increasing of flow rate. At lower pressure differs as the pressure is

increasing when higher the flow rate is applied. :hile, at high pressure the pressure is rapid

decrements with the change of the flow rate.


40/42

8.0 ONLUSON AND REO99ENDATON

1ased on this experiment, the objective of this experiment was achieved which the

characteristics curves of the centrifugal compressor were studied. 1esides, the graph of

6ifferential 'ressure &mbar), Total 6ifferential 'ressure &mbar), 7fficiency &8), %nlet

Temperature &"$), Outlet Temperature &"$) were plotted against the lowrate &m59hr) which all

these graph have proved that as the compressor speed increased, the inlet and outlet flowrate will

also increases.

1esides, from this experiment there are some errors which lead to the inconsistent data

obtained. This is due to the errors while adjusting the 1utterfly 3alve which the valve was loose

so it has to hold until the results obtained. 2ext, the compressor speed also need to hold carefully

because it need to adjust properly until the speed appeared correctly on the computer.


41/42

.0 RE(ERENES


42/42

;.0 AEND<

ALULATON:

or speed " """ rpm

h

min

pd Q

5!

)5;""&)-""&!

# ρ

π ∆=

π

4(0.44m )2

√2 (100 ) (2.002mbar )

1.21 kg

m3

(3600 )

9960.613 m3$%r

5;""

)&-"" !- Qdpdp P hyd +

=

100 (23.828mbar+21.826mbar )(9960.613m3)

3600

12631.717

88-"" in P

P

el

hyd =η

12631.717W 42.969W

100

293.973

full lab report thermo

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