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1history.ppt 21-Jan-03

Welocme to Training

onComputer Fundamentals

Andhra Pradesh AcademyOf

Rural Development (APARD)

Center IT&E-Governance (IT&e-G)

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AN INTRODUCTION

TOCOMPUTERS

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DEFINITION

What is a Computer?

A computer is a programmable machinethat receives input, stores andautomatically manipulates data, andprovides output in a useful format.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine

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Charles Babbage

English inventor

1791-1871

invented a viable

mechanical computer

equivalent to modern digital

computers

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Babbages first computer

built in early 1800sspecial purpose

calculator

naval navigationcharts

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Major Computers Companies first Computers

Compaq - March 1983 Compaq released

its first computer and the first 100% IBM

compatible computer the "Compaq

Portable."

Dell - In 1985Dell introduced its first

computer, the "Turbo PC."

Hewlett Packard - In 1966 Hewlett

Packard released its first general

computer, the "HP-2115."

NEC - In 1958NEC builds its first

computer the "NEAC 1101."

Toshiba - In 1954Toshiba introduces its

first computer, the "TAC" digital

computer.
http://www.computerhope.com/comp/compaq.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/history/198090.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/comp/dell.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/history/194060.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/comp/nec.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/history/194060.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/comp/toshiba.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/comp/toshiba.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/history/194060.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/comp/nec.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/history/194060.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/comp/dell.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/history/198090.htmhttp://www.computerhope.com/comp/compaq.htm

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THE LANGUAGE OF COMPUTERS

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Binary Numbers 1 and 0 s

Computers speak binary. Binary language consists ofcombinations of 1's and 0's that represent characters of otherlanguages (in our case the English language). Dont make the

mistake of thinking that little 1's and 0's are running aroundinside of the computer. We humans prefer to think of 1's and0's because its easier than visualizing positive and negativecurrent flows or open and closed circuits which is what actuallyhappens inside computers. A combination of eight bitsrepresents one character in our language. One character in our

language (eight bits) is referred to as a byte. (For example:01000001 is a byte that represents an uppercase A; each 1 or 0is a bit.)

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Binary Numbers

Kilobytes, Megabytes, and Gigabytes

If you understand that a byte is one character in

our language, youve got it made because:

1000 bytes = 1 kilobyte

(1,000 characters = 1 kilobyte)

1,000,000 bytes = 1 megabyte

(1,000,000 characters = 1 megabyte)

1,000,000,000 bytes = 1 gigabyte (1,000,000,000

characters = 1 gigabyte)

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THIS IS A FEW OF THE

DIFFERENT TYPES

Of

COMPUTERS

Desk top

Lap TopHand Held

computer

computerComputer

computer

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DEFINITION

Hardware Vs. Software

If you can touch it, itshardware

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Examples of Hardware

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The Programs that are on the disks are software
http://classroomclipart.com/cgi-bin/kids/imageFolio.cgi?action=view&link=Computers&image=Disk2Red.gif&img=&tt=http://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/cd.htmlhttp://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/comp-twr.html

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Definition of User
http://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/cmpsilho.html

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Uses for a PC

Word Processing

Desktop Publishing

Database Management

Spreadsheets

CommunicationFinance

Education

EntertainmentNews and Information

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Tips for Beginners

Explore Your Computer

Mistakes wont Kill You

EDIT/ UNDO is your Friend

Be persistent

Apply what you Learn

Dont try to learn too fast

Walk away if you get frustratedHave Fun

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Why Learn This Stuff?

Buying a PC

Having Your PC ServicedCalling For Support

Be able to talk to Friends & Grandchildren

Its Fun

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Examples of PC computers

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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Ram Random Access MemoryRam is the memory used by the computer to run

programs.The amount of Ram available will determine howfast a program will run and how many windows canbe open at one time.

Ram memory is considered Volatile because it

disappears when the power is turned off.

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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Hard Drive

The Hard Drive is the computers main, long termstorage.

It is referred to as non-volatile storage, because itdoes not disappear when the power is turned off.

The size of the Hard Drive is measured inGigabytes. (Billions of Bytes).

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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

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SOFTWARE

Operating systems

ApplicationsData

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OPERATING SYSTEMS

MS-DOS

Windows 95,98,Me

Windows NT,

2000,XP,2007

Linux

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APPLICATIONS

MS Word

(Your basic WordProcessor)

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APPLICATIONS

WordPerfect Adobe Acrobat

Lotus 1-2-3 PhotoshopQuickBooks Notepad

CorelDraw WinZip

HyperCam Media Player

Photo Paint StarCraft

ETC. ETC.ETC.ETC. Ad Infinitum

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AN INTRODUCTION to WINDOWS XP

This is the operating system most of uswill be using

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31history ppt 21 Jan 03

AN INTRODUCTION toWINDOWS

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