frp - malankara library

1ss{IkvXh Imlfw 2021 P\phcnwww.malankaralibrary.com

2 ss{IkvXh Imlfw 2021 P\phcn

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Ir] \nd™ adn-b-ta, \o kzoI-cn® ssZh-Ir] Hcn-°epw hy¿Y-am-°msX, ZpxJn-X-sc-t∏m-se-bm-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw \o kZm B\-μn-®p-sIm≠n-cp∂p; Zcn-{Z-bm-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw At\-Isc kº-∂-cm-°p∂p; H∂p-an-√m-Ø-h-sc-t∏m-se-bmbncps∂-¶nepw \o F√mw D≈-h-fm-Ip∂p. F√m ka-bØpw F√m hn[-Ønepw I¿Øm-hns‚ Zmkn-bpw kl-{]-h¿Ø-I-bpam-sW∂p \o ImWn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. ]p\-ssc-Iy-Øn≥ amXmth, RßƒkzoI-cn® ssZh-Ir] Hcn-°epw hy¿Y-am-°msX F√m ka-bØpw F√mhn[-Ønepw I¿Øm-hns‚ Zmkcpw kl-{]-h¿Ø-Icpam-bncn-°m≥Rßƒ°p-th≠n At]-£n-°Wsa. BtΩ≥.

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c£m-[n-Imcntamdm≥ tam¿ _tk-en-tbmkvI¿±n-\mƒ ¢oankv ImtXm-en°m_mh

{]n‚¿ B‚ v ]ªn-j¿ssd‰v dh. sPbnwkv ]md-hnf tIm¿ F∏n-kvtIm-∏m

FUn-‰¿dh. ̂ m. jo≥ ]me-°p-gn

No v̂ FUn-‰¿dh. ̂ m. t_mhkv amXypt^m¨: 9447661943 [email protected]

]{Xm-[n-] kanXndh. tUm. tPm¨ ]Sn-∏p-c-°¬dh. ̂ m. tPmk^v h≈n-bm´vdh. ^m. tPmk^v ]qh-Øpw-X-d-bn¬dh. ^m. Koh¿Kokv hen-b-Nm-ß-ho-ń¬dh. ^m. h¿Kokv hn\-bm-\μv H.-sF.kntUm. sI. hn. tXma-kvIpńdh. kn. tUm. B¿{Z Fkv.sF.kn.dh.- kn. tUm. ARvPen sXtckv Un.Fw.tUm. tj¿fn Ãph¿´v{io. cmPp amXyp

D]-tZ-iI kanXn{io. tP°_v ]p∂qkvdh. ̂ m. hn¬k¨ X´m-cp-Xp-≠n¬dh, ^m. tXmakv Iøm-e-°¬tUm. tXma-kvIpń ]\-®n-°¬{io. t_m_n F{_lmw

k¿°p-te-j≥ amt\-P¿dh.- ^m. tXmakv apI-fpw-]p-dØv - 9446703056

Ih¿ & teHu´vFingraph - 9387811920

t^mt´m{Km v̂kvtXmakv amXyp s\√pthen¬

{]n‚nwKvsk‚ v tacokv {]kv, ]´w, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw˛4

hnemkwss{IkvXh Iml-fw , ka-\zb ]mÃ-d¬ sk‚¿sk‚ v tacokv Imº-kv, ]´w, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw˛4

FUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ 5

]nXrsamgn 6

Pohn°p∂ h¿ja√, h¿jn°p∂ PohnXw 8

Xt±i sXcs™Sp∏v:Pb]cmPbßfpw ss{IkvXhcpw 12

ssZh`h\Øns‚ almhnf°v:tIkdnbmbnse alm\mb am¿_tkentbmkv 14

C‰enbnse km≥ sPmhm∂n sdmt´s≠m]ms{Z ]ntbm Xo¿∞mS\ tZhmebw 19

\nßƒ F¥n\mWv Cu I¿jIscXWp∏Øv \n¿Ønbncn°p∂Xv? 25

Adnbm™√ 29

]hn{Xw Cu ]mZ-ap-{Z-Iƒ 30


5ss{IkvXh Imlfw 2021 P\phcn

FUn-t‰mdnb¬

F¥pw P∑-sa-Sp-°p-∂Xv Ccp-́ n-eqsS AXv IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-tºm-gm-Wv. shfn-®-Øn-e-√msX

H∂pw ]pjv]n-°p-∂n-√. ]pXn-sbmcp h’-c-Øn-te°v Imse-SpØphbv°p-tºmƒ Cu Nn¥

\sΩ h√msX kzm[o-\n°pw. c≠m-bn-cØn Ccp-]Xv \mw A[nIw Hm¿sØ-Sp-°m≥ B{K-

ln-°mØ Hcp Ime-L-́ -am-bn-cn°pw. ]n¬°m-eØv Ign™p t]mb \mfp-Isf ]n≥Xn-

cn™p t\m°p-tºmƒ c≠m-bn-cØn Ccp-]Xv \ΩpsS Pohn-XØns‚ Ncn{X-Øn\p apI-

fn¬ hogvØn-b- I-cn-\n-g¬ A{X-tØmfw hep-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£ AXn¬ \n∂v \mw ]pdØp

hcn-I-bmWv ]pXp P∑-amWv \mw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \Ωp°p Np‰pw {] -̀tbmsS \nd™p

\n¬°p∂ shfn-®-Øns‚ \Sp-hn¬ \mw ]pjv]n-°p-hm≥ t]mhp-I-bm-Wv.

Pohn-X-Øns‚ Hmtcm Znh-k-hpw Hcp \ntbm-K-tØm-sS-bmWv \mw Fgp-t∂¬°p-∂Xv.

B \ntbmK ]q¿Øn-°m-bn-́ mWv \ΩpsS Nn¥bpw hm°pw {]h¿Ønbpw F√mw \mw

ka¿∏Ww sNøp-∂-Xv. êw ImWmsX t]mIp∂ Znh-k-ß-fn√ hm°p-I-fn√ Nn¥-bn√

{]h¿Øn-bp-an-√. Aßs\ ê-a-Wn-bp∂ Hcp PohnXw \ΩpsS e£y-am-Ip-tºmƒ IS∂p

h∂ Ccp-́ ns‚ hgn-Iƒ \sΩ `b-s∏-Sp--ØpIbn-√. kwi-b-ßfpw \ncm-ibpw \sΩ h√msX

]nSn-Iq-Sn-bn-́ p≠v CXn¬ \n∂mWv \ap°v Hcp Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏v Bh-iy-am-bn-́ p-≈-Xv.

]pXp-h¿jw AØcw Hcp Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]ns‚ h¿jw Bbn-cn-°Ww \ap-°v. ss[cy-

tØmsSbmWv \mw Cu h¿jsØ kao-]n-t°-≠X.v \ΩpsS \ntbm-K-sØ-°p-dn®v ]cn-

]q¿W-ambpw \Ωƒ t_m[y-ap-≈-h-cmWv F¶n¬ \ap°v \ΩpsS Pohn-XsØ kvt\ln-°p-

hm\pw CjvS-s∏-Sp-hm\pw Ign-bpw. \ap°v shdp-°p-hmt\m hnj-an-°p-hmt\m `b-∏-Smt\m

H∂pw Xs∂ \ΩpsS Iäp≥]n¬ D≠mIn-√ e£y-Øn-se-tØ≠, bmYm¿Xy-am-tI-≠-

Hcp \ntbmKw \ΩpsS ap\-]n¬ \mw \S-t∂m -Hm-Sntbm FØnt®tc≠ ZqcØv D≠v F¶n¬

\ap°v AXv kz¥-am-°nsb aXn-bm-hp-I-bp-≈q.

I¿Øm-hns‚ I√-d-bn-te°v HmSn-t∏mb kv{XoIƒ sh≈n-bmgvN Ahs‚ ac-Whpw

Ahs‚ I_-d-S-°hpw t\cn¬ I≠-h-cm-Wv.- F-¶nepw BgvN-bpsS BZy-Zn-hkw Ah¿

AXn-cm-hnse B I√-d-bn-te°v HmSn-t∏m-Ip-∂Xv {]Xo-£I-tfmsS Bbn-cp-∂p. F¥m-bn-

cp∂p Ah-cpsS {]Xo£ F∂p-≈Xv \mw a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. C∂pw c≠m-bn-cØn Ccp-

]-Øn-sbm-∂ns‚ ]pe¿®-bv°mbn \mw ImØn-cn-°p-tºmƒ tImhnUv F∂ alm-am-cnsb

AXn-Po-hn-°p-hm≥ Cu temI-Øn\p km[n°pw F∂p≈ B Hcp henb {]Xym-ibpw

{]Xo-£bpw BWv \ap-°p-≈-Xv. A{]-Xo-£n-X-amb AS-®p-]q-́ ¬, Bcm-[m-\m-e-b-ß-fn¬

\n∂p≈ AI∂p \n¬°¬, sXmgn¬ \jvS-s∏-S¬, sXmgn¬ Zn\-ß-fpsS KWy-amb Ipd-hv,

kmº-ØnI XI¿®, {]nb-s∏-́ hcpsS th¿]m-Sv, Hcp t\m°v ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bmsX Ah-

cpsS ih-kw-kvImcw Ch-sbms° \ΩpsS a\- ns\ h√msX apdn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-́ p≠v. c≠m-

bn-cØn Cc-p]-Øn-sbm∂v Cu apdnhp-Ifn¬ \n∂p≈ kuJy-Øns‚ Ime-am-bn-cn-°pw.

{]Xo-£-tbmsS {]Xym-i-tbmsS \ap°v ]pXp-h-’-csØ hc-th¬°mw.

Gh¿°pw ]pXp-h-’-cm-iw-k-Iƒ!

]pXp-h-’-c-Øn¬]pjv∏n-°p-hm≥...



kt¥mjhpw kam[m\hpw \¬Ip∂ {InkvXpakv

cmhpIfn¬ \n∂v Hcp ]pXph¿jØnte°v \mw

{]thin°p∂p. sImtdmW sshdkn\v Hcp hmI-vkn≥

Is≠Ønbncn°p∂p. tImhnUv Ahtijn∏n® Bi¶Isf

°mƒ ssZhw \¬Ip∂ {]XymitbmsS \mw ]pXph¿jsØ

FXntc¬°phm≥ t]mIp∂p. ssZhØn¬ B{ibn®v \Ωƒ

AXnPohn°pw, GsXmcp almamcntbbpw Zpc¥sØbpw.

ssZhsØ IqSmsX {]Xymi Cs√∂v ]utemkv

A∏kvtXme≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂p (Ft^ 2/12). {]XymibpsS

ASnÿm\w ssZhamWv. Cu ssZhØn¬ B{ibn®mWv \mw

ap≥t]m´p t]mIp∂Xv. \ap°v e`n®ncn°p∂ {]Xymi

`mhnbnte°p≈ Hcp ap∂dnbn∏v F∂Xnep]cn

h¿Øam\ImeØn¬ Pohn°p∂Xn\p≈ ss[cyhpw

B{Klhpw ]Icp∂ H∂mWv. “Xm≥ ImWp∂Xns\

Hcph≥ F¥n\v {]Xymin°Ww” (tdma 8 24).

h¿Øam\Imew F{X D¬°WvT \nd™XmsW¶nepw

ssZhw \¬Ip∂ {]Xymi \sΩ ss[cys∏Sp∂p. alØmb

B {]Xymi ssZhoIamb kvt\lØnte°pw Dd∏nte°pw

\sΩ Iq´ns°m≠p t]mIpw. ]®bmb ]p¬ØInSnbn¬

hn{iahpw im¥amb PemibØn¬ Dt∑jhpw ssZhw

Xcp∂ CSb kΩm\amWv .“acWØns‚ \ng¬hoW

XmgvhcbneqsSbmWv Rm≥ \S°p∂sX¶nepw AhnSp∂v

IqsS D≈Xn\m¬ Rm≥ `bs∏SpIbn√” ( k¶o 23).

\ns‚ GIaIs\ F\n°mbn _en Ign°Ww F∂v

btlmh A{_mlmant\mSp Iev]n®t∏mƒ ‘henb Hcp

P\XXn’ F∂ {]Xymi AW™psh∂v A{_lmw

hnNmcn®psh¶nepw _en°p≈ arKsØ ssZhw Xcpsa∂v

A{_lmw aIs\ t_m[ys∏SpØn. hmKvZm\ßfn¬

hnizkvX\mb ssZhsØbmWv \mw kw`hm¥yw

ImWp∂Xv.

sImtdmWtbbpw\Ωƒ AXnPohn°pw



^d-thms‚ ssk\yØns‚ IpfºSn \mZw! ap≥]n¬

Aedn ASp°p∂ Xncame! sN¶Sen¬ PeØn¬

ImseSpØph®p \n¬°p∂ C{kmtb¬P\w! tamisb∂

]®bmb a\pjy≥ btlmhtbmSv kwkmcn°phm≥

X{Xs∏Sp∂p! sN¶S¬ ̀ mKn®p hgn\SØn. Fßs\bmWv

Cu {]Xymi KoXw XømdmbXv aIs\, aIsf \o

hnizkn°p∂ ssZhw hmKvZm\ßfn¬ hnizkvX\mb

ssZhamWv, ad°mXncn°pI.

tbip{InkvXphn¬ hnizkn°p∂h≥ D∞m\Øns‚

aIt\m/aItfm BIp∂p. tbip{InkvXphns‚ Ipcnip

acWØn¬ {]XymibpsS kpK‘w Ie¿ØnbXmWv

D∞m\w. {InkvXpinjys‚/{InkvXm\pIcWØns‚

PohizmkamWXv. AXns‚ kpc£nXXzw Akm[mcW

amWv. “F∂n¬ hnizkn°p∂h≥ acn®mepw Pohn°pw”F∂v tbipI¿Ømhv ]Tn∏n®Xv Hm¿°p∂nt√?

“A≤zm\n°p∂h\pw `mcw hln°p∂hcpamb \nßƒ

F√mhcpw Fs‚ ASp°¬ hcphn≥ Rm≥ \nßsf

Bizkn∏n°mw” (aØm 11: 28 ˛ 29). tbipI¿Ømhns‚

Cu hmKvZm\Øn¬ aIt\/aItf \o {]Xymi

A¿∏n®m¬ \o alXzw ImWpw!

Gh¿°pw {]Xymi \nd™

Hcp ]pXph’cw t\cp∂p.



Ih¿ tÃmdn

Pohn°p∂ h¿ja√, h¿jn°p∂ PohnXamWv

{][m\w F∂p ]d™Xv Ihn k®nZm\μ\mWv. Hcp

]pXnb h¿jØnte°p Imeq∂ptºmƒ Xo¿®bmbpw

Hm¿Ωnt°≠ Hcp hmNIamWnXv. C°mea{Xbpw

Cu `qanbn¬ Ign™n´v \ΩpsS PohnXw sIm≠v Cu

`qan F{X sa®ambn´p≠v? F{X t]¿°v \∑ sNøm≥

Ign™n´p≠v? F{X KpW]cambn \nßfpsS

]cnkcßsf kzm[o\n°m≥ Ign™n´p≠v?

êan√mØ AØnacw IWs° Xgbv°pI

bmbncpt∂m CXphsc? Pnhn°p∂ h¿jßsf

C{Xtbsd FÆnbn´pw h¿jn°p∂ Hcp PohnX

amIm≥ Ign™ns√t∂m? XpS¿∂p hmbn°ptºmƒ

h¿jn°p∂ PohnXw F¥msW∂v \nßƒ°p

a\ nemhpw.

\nßƒ Dd°Øn¬ ImWp∂X√, \nßsf

Ddßm≥ A\phZn°mØXmWv bYm¿∞ kz]v\

sa∂v ]d™Xv F ]n sP A–pƒ IemamWv.

F∂m¬ Fßs\bmWv \sΩ Ddßm\\phZn°mØ

kz]v\ßfp≠mhp∂Xv? Nnet∏mƒ AXv \ncmibn¬

\n∂pw thZ\bn¬ \n∂psams° Bhmw. G¬t°≠n

h∂ ISpØ A]am\Øn¬ \n∂v Hcp henb

kz]v\ap≠mb IYbmWv CXv. 1929˛¬ Atacn°

bnse A‰vem≥dbn¬ Pohn®ncp∂ IdpØ h¿§

°mcmb ZºXnIƒ°v Hcp aI≥ ]nd∂p. Atacn

°bn¬ h¿ÆhnthN\w sImSnIpØn hmWncp∂

Imeambncp∂p AXv. sh≈°m¿ Db¿∂hsc∂pw

IdpØ h¿§°m¿ Xmgv∂hsc∂pap≈ lo\amb

kmaqly ÿnXn \nehnencp∂ sIÍmew. Cu

hyhÿnXntbmSp≈ ASßmØ {]Xntj[w

D≈nsemXp°nbmWv Hmtcm IdpØ h¿§°mc\pw

AhnsS Pohn®ncp∂Xv. XßfpsS a°ƒ at‰sXmcp

sh≈°mct\bpw t]mse sIm≈mhp∂hcmsW∂v

Ahsc t_m[ys∏SpØpI F∂Xv IdpØ h¿§

°mcmb amXm]nXm°fpsS henb [¿Ωk¶S

ambncp∂p. hnthN\Ømepw \oXn \ntj[Ømepw

\odn∏pI™ncp∂ AØcsamcp kmaqly kmlNcy

Ønte°mWv B Ip™v P\n®p hoWXv.

dh. ^m.- jo≥ ]me-°pgn

Pohn°p∂h¿ja√,h¿jn°p∂PohnXw

IdpØ h¿§°mcmb Iq´pIm¿s°m∏w Ifn®v,

IdpØ h¿§°m¿°p≈ {]tXyI k-vIqfn¬ ]Tn®v

Ah≥ hf¿∂p. A°meØv F√m s]mXp

CSßfnepw h¿ÆhnthN\w \ne\n∂ncp∂p. hfsc

hnimeamb Hcp kaqlØn¬ Hcp Pbnense∂

t]mse Ah\p izmkw apń. GXm≠v ]Xn\mep

hb p am{Xw {]mbap≈t∏mƒ, k-vIqƒ ]T\ImeØv

Hcp bm{Xbv°nSbn¬ \S∂ Hcp kw`hw Ahs\

h√msX thZ\n∏n®p. tPm¿Pnbbnse Uªn\n¬

\S∂ Hcp {]kwK a’cØn¬ ]s¶Sp°m≥

th≠nbmWv Xs‚ So®¿s°m∏w Ah\m bm{X

t]mbXv . a’cØn¬ Ah\p kΩm\w Inń .

hnPbnbmbn hfsc kt¥mjtØmsS A‰vem‚bn

te°p _kn¬ aSßn hcp∂ hgn°v sh≈°mcmb

bm{X°m¿°p th≠n Ccp∂ ko‰n¬ \n∂v Fgpt∂‰p

sImSp°m≥ Ah≥ \n¿_‘nX\mbn. hnkΩXn®

t∏mƒ sh≈°mc\mb ss{Uh¿ISpØ `mjbn¬

Ahs\ hfsc iImcn°pIbpw hwiobambn

A[nt£]n°pIbpw sNbvXp. HSphn¬ KXy¥c

an√msX Ah\v ko‰n¬ \n∂v Fgpt\¬t°≠n h∂p.

AXmbncp∂p AhnSpsØ \nbaw. apdnth‰

a\ pambn A‰vem‚bnseØpw hsc, GXm≠v 36

aWn°q¿ Ah≥ _kn¬ \n∂p sIm≠v bm{X

sNbvXp. icocØns‚ Xf¿®tb°mƒ a\ nte‰

apdnhpIfmWv Ahs\ k¶Ss∏SpØnbXv. tcmjhpw

ZpxJhpw ISn®a¿Ønb B bm{Xbv°nSbn¬ Ahs‚

a\ nsemcp I\secnbm≥ XpSßn. Atacn°≥

aÆn¬ \n∂pw h¿ÆhnthN\Øns‚ aXnepIsf

Npsćn°m≥ t]m∂ Hcp Im´pXobmbn AXv

Bfn∏Scpsa∂v A∂mcpadn™n√. At\I h¿j

ßƒ°p tijw Xs‚ BflIYbn¬ Ah≥ Cßs\

FgpXn, ‘B cm{Xn Hcn°epw Fs‚ Hm¿Ωbn¬ \n∂v

Hcn°epw ambpIbn√. Fs‚ PohnXØn¬

Rmt\‰hpw Ip]nX\mb Ahkcw AXmbncp∂p.'

A°meØv ]ªnIv {Sm≥kvt]m¿´v _kpIfn¬

ap≥\nc ko‰pIƒ apgph≥ sh≈°m¿°p th≠n am‰n

hbv°s∏ńcp∂p. ]n≥ ko‰pIfn¬ am{Xta



\ot{KmIƒ Ccn°m≥ ]mSp≈q. ap≥ko‰pIƒ

Hgn™pInS∂mepw AhnsS \ot{KmIƒ°v Ccn°m≥

A\phmZap≠mbncp∂n√. C\n sh≈°m¿ _kn¬

Ibdnbm¬ IdpØ h¿§°m¿ Fgpt\‰p sImSp

°pIbpw sNøWw. AXmbncp∂p \nbaw!

Ah≥ A‰vem‚bnse _p°¿ ‰n. hmjnwKvS¨

k-vIqfn¬ ]Tn°ptºmƒ Znhkhpw _knemWv

k-vIqfnte°v s]mbvs°m≠ncp∂Xv. Hmtcm XhWbpw

_kn¬ Ibdptºmƒ ap≥ ko‰nencn°m≥ Ah≥

a\ psIm≠v B{Kln°pw. F∂m¬ ap∂n¬

ko‰pIƒ Hgn™p InS∂mepw Ah\v ]n∂n¬ t]mbn

\n¬t°≠n h∂p. AXnt\∏‰n ]n¬°meØv Ah≥

FgpXnbXv Cßs\bmWv. Hmtcm XhWbpw _kn¬

Ibdptºmƒ Rms\s‚ a\ v ap≥ \ncbnse ko‰n¬

hbv°pw. F∂n v́ Ft∂mSp Xs∂ ]dbpw. "Hcp Znhkw

Rms\s‚ icocw Fs‚ a\ ncn°p∂nSØv sIm≠p

hbv°pI Xs∂ sNøpw.’

Hmtcm XhWbpw _kn¬ Ibdptºmƒ Ah≥

CXmh¿Øn®p. "Hcp Znhkw Rms\s‚ icocw Fs‚

a\ ncn°p∂nSØv sIm≠p hbv°pI Xs∂ sNøpw.’]Xnsb∏Xnsb B Iuamc°mcs‚ a\ n¬ B

hm°pIƒ kz]v\ambn amdn. ISpØ thZ\bn¬ \n∂v

DSseSpØ Hcp kz]v\w. Ahs\ Ddßm\\p

hZn°mØ Hcp kz]v\w! h¿ÆhnthN\Øns\Xntc

t]mcmSm\p≈ henb Du¿÷ambn B kz]v\w

]cnWan®p. B t]mcm´Øn\nSbn¬ ]eXhW

PbneneSbv°s∏´p. ]eXhW B{Ian°s∏´p.

]s£ Ah≥ Xf¿∂n√. B kz]v\ km£mXvImc

Øn\mbn Ah≥ Xs‚ PohnXw apgph≥ sImSpØp.

B kz]v\w Ahs\ ]n¬°meØv temIadnbp∂

henb t\Xmhm°n am‰n. c≠c e£w BfpIfpambn

hmjnwKvS¨ am¿®n¬ \SØnb “F\ns°mcp

kz]v\ap≠v” F∂p XpSßp∂ Ahs‚ Ncn{X{]kn≤

amb {]kwKw ]n∂oSv temI{i≤ t\Sn. 1963˛¬ ssSw

amKkns‚ am≥ Hm^v Z Cb¿ Bbn sXcs™Sp

°s∏´p. 1964˛¬ kam[m\Øn\p≈ s\mt_¬

kΩm\w t\Sn.

CXmcmsW∂v \nßƒ°v Nnet∏mƒ a\ nembn´p

≠mhpw. Atacn°≥ sFIy\mSpIfn¬ h¿Æ

hnthN\w \nehnencp∂ ImeL´Øn¬ Hcp IdpØ

h¿§°mc\mbn AhnsS P\n®p hf¿∂v, h¿Æ

hnthN\Øns\Xntc sFXnlmknIamb t]mcm´

ßƒ \SØn Ncn{XØn¬ CSw t\Snb am¿ń≥ eqY¿

Inßv Pq\nbdmWv Ct∏mƒ ]d™ IYbnse

\mbI≥. almflmKm‘nsb amXrIm]pcpj\mbn

I≠ncp∂, Alnwkbn¬ ASnbpd®p hnizkn®ncp∂,

Hcp {InkvXob ]ptcmlnX\mbncp∂p At±lw.

1968˛¬, Xs‚ 39˛masØ hb n¬ Hcp sh≈°mcs‚

shSntb‰p sIm√s∏Spw hsc, Xs‚ Ahkm\ izmkw

hsc Xs‚ PohnXw sIm≠v At±lw Atacn°bpsS

Ncn{XKXnsbbpw kwk- vImcsØbpw At±lw

kzm[o\n°pI Xs∂ sNbXp. G¬t°≠n h∂

ISpØ A]am\Øn¬ \n∂v cq]s∏´ Hcp kz]v\w

Hcp cmPyØns‚ `mhnbn¬ Xs∂ \n¿ÆmbIambn.

h¿ÆhnthN\w \nbaw aqew Atacn°bn¬

\ntcm[n°s∏s´¶n¬ AXn\p th≠n Poh≥

sImSpØ c‡km£nbmWv am¿ń≥ eqY¿ InwKv

Pq\nb¿. a‰p≈h¿°mbn h¿jn°s∏´ Hcp PohnXw!

]Tn°m≥ _p≤nbns√∂p ]d™v k- vIqƒ

A[nIrX¿ Hcn°¬ aS°nbb® IpńbmWv

]n¬°meØv \qdpIW°n\p I≠p]nSnØßƒ

\SØnb tXmakv B¬hm FUnk¨. 1982˛¬ Ccp

ssIIfpw ImepIfpan√msX P\n® hy‡nbmWv \nIv

hpNnknIv. Ifnbm°epIfpw A]am\hpw sIm≠p

aSpØv HSphn¬ BfllXybv°p {ian®bmfmWv.

F∂men∂v At±lw temIsØ Xs‚ {]tNmZ\m



flIamb hm°pIƒ sIm≠v tXm¬∏n®p sIm≠ncn

°p∂p. kl\sØ \∑bm°n ]cnh¿Ø\

s∏SpØnbhcn¬ {InkvXphns\ Hm¿Ωn°mXncn°m≥

Ignbp∂n√. ap∏Ønaq∂p hb n\nSbn¬ kln®

thZ\Ifpw k¶Sßfpw IpcnipacWhpw temI

Øns‚ apgph≥ c£bv°p ImcWambn. Ht∂m¿

Øm¬ PohnXØn¬ Xncn®SnItf¬°mØhcmbn

Bsc¶nepapt≠m! kl\ßsf \ap°v Fßs\

thWsa¶nepw kao]n°mw. s\K‰ohmbn kao]n®m¬

\ncmibpsS ]SpIpgnbnte°p hogmsa∂√msX

as‰m∂pw \ap°p t\Sm\n√. t]mkn‰ohmbn

kao]n®m¬ thZ\Iƒ \sΩ IcpØcm°pw. ]pXnb

kz]v\ßƒ Xcpw. temIsØ Xs∂ IogS°m≥

X°hÆw \ΩpsS IgnhpIsf DW¿Øpw. \Ωƒ

]pXnb a\pjycmhpw. ssZhw \aps°mcp PohnXw

X∂ncn°p∂Xv kzbw tXm¬∏n®p Ifbm\√t√m!

\o¿P Fs∂mcp ]©m_ns∏Ïpńsb∏‰n

tIń´pt≠m? NfioKUn¬ P\n®v apwss_bn¬

hf¿∂v Ccp]Ønaq∂p hb p am{Xap≈t∏mƒ

sIm√s∏´, C≥UybptSbpw ]m°nÿmt‚bpw

Atacn°bptSbpw [ocXbv°p≈ Ahm¿UpIƒ

t\Snb \o¿P `mt\m´v!

1986 sk]v‰w_¿ 5.

apwss_bnse klmd C‚¿\mjW¬ Fb¿

t]m¿ń¬ \n∂v ]m°nÿm≥ hgn Atacn°bnte°v

t]mhpIbmbncp∂ ]m≥ Bw ^vsse‰v 73 hnam\

Øn¬ ̂ vsse‰v A‰≥U‚ v Bbncp∂p \o¿P ̀ mt\m v́.

bm{X°mcpsS kpc£bpw a‰p kuIcyßfpw Dd∏p

hcpØm\p≈ NpaXebmbncp∂p \o¿Pbv°p≠m

bncp∂Xv . 380 bm{X°mcpw 13 Poh\°mcpw

hnam\Ønep≠mbncp∂p. B bm{Xbn¬ Idm®nbnse

Pn∂ Fb¿t]m¿ń¬ h®v Bbp[[mcnIfmb \mep

]mekvXo\nb≥ òIc¿ hnam\w dm©n. ssk{]kn¬

XShnem°s∏´ XßfpsS Iq´mfnIsf tamNn∏n°W

sa∂Xmbncp∂p AhcpsS Bhiyw. AXn\m¬

hnam\w ssk{]knte°v ]dØm≥ òIc¿ Bhiy

s∏´p. F∂m¬ òIc¿ hnam\w ]nSns®SpØ DS≥

Xs∂ \o¿P ss]e‰n\v clkyambn hnhcw

sImSp°pIbpw tImIv]n‰nep≠mbncp∂ aq∂pt]cpw

tImIv]n‰nse clky hmXn¬ hgn c£s]SpIbpw

sNbvXp. AtXmsS hnam\w Idm®nbn¬ \n∂p

sIm≠pt]mIm\p≈ òIccpsS {iaw ]cmPbs∏´p.

ss]e‰pw Iqćpw c£s]´tXmsS hnam\Øns‚

NpaXe ko\nb¿ ^vsse‰v A‰≥U‚mbncp∂

\o¿PbpsS Npaenembn. CXn\nSbn¬ Hcp C≥tUm

Atacn°≥ ]ucs\ òIc¿ Is≠ØpIbpw

Abmsf \n¿Zm£Wyw shSnsh®p sIm∂p

]pdtØs°dnbpIbpw sNbvXp. AtXmsS Atacn°≥

]uc≥amsc sXc™p]nSn®p sIm√m≥ th≠n

bm{X°mcpsS ]mkvt]m¿´pIƒ òIc¿ Bhiys∏´p.



`mcX kzX{¥y

kac Ncn{XØns‚

a p∂W n t∏ m c m f n

bmbncp∂ Hcp hr≤

\ p ≠ v ˛ a l m fl m

Km‘n. At±lØn\p

P o h n X s a ∂ m ¬

C≥Uy≥ kmX{¥y

kacambncp∂p. Alnw

kbpsS a{¥apcphn v́

\ndtXm°pIƒ°p

apºn¬ s\©phncn®p

\n∂ A¿≤ \Kv\\mb

B ^°odn\p ap∂n¬

kqcy\kvXan°mØ

{_nójv km{amPyw

inc p \an®p. Fgp]

Ønsb´mw hb n¬ tKmUvtk F∂ IncmXs‚

tXm°n\ncbmsb¶nepw `mcXkzmX{¥ysa∂m¬

\ap°Xp Km‘nbmWv. Hcp hy‡nbpsS t]cn´p

\ΩpsS cmPysØ hnfn°msa¶n¬, \aps°mcp

t]tcbpffq AXp Km‘nPnbpsS t]cmWv. CXp

]dbptºmƒ tbip {InkvXphnt\bpw Hm¿Ω

hcp∂p≠v. {InkvXp ]d™Xv, \nßƒ ssZhsØ

kv\ln°ptºmƒ ]q¿Æ lrZbtØmsS, ]q¿Æ

a\t msS, ]q¿Æ BflmthmsS, ]q¿Æ i‡ntbmsS

kvt\ln°m\mWv. \nßƒ a\pjysc kvt\ln

°ptºmƒ \nßfpsS Poh≥ _en sImSpØpw

kvt\ln°m\mWv. kvt\lnX\p th≠n Poh≥ _en

Ign°p∂Xnt\°mƒ henb kvt\lan√. tKmXºp

aWn \neØp hoWv Agnbp∂ns√¶n¬ AXv

AtX]Snbncn°pw. Agnbps∂¶ntem, AXv Gsd

êw ]pds∏Sphn°pw. CXp ]d™n´v PohnXØn¬

AXpt]mse Pohn®p Imńbh\mWv {InkvXp.

ap∏Ønaq∂mw hb n¬ sIm√s∏s´¶nepw C∂p

temItØ‰hpw IqSpX¬ BfpIƒ ]n≥XpScp∂Xv

Cu sNdp∏°mcs\bmWv.

\o¿Psbt∏mse \qdp iXam\hpw \nßƒ

\nßsfØs∂ \¬Inbm¬ \nßƒ°o temIsØ

am‰nadn°m\mhpw. \nßsfmc∏t\m AΩtbm aIt\m

aItfm kplrtØm sXmgnemfntbm hnZym¿∞ntbm

t\Xmthm ̀ cWm[nImcntbm BIs´, AXn¬ \nßƒ

\qdpiXam\hpw \nßsfØs∂ ka¿∏n®p t\m°q.

\nßƒ Hc¤pXambn amdpw. B¿°pw \ntj[n°m

\mhmØ Hcp alm¤pXw!

Pohn°p∂ h¿jØn\√, h¿jn°p∂ PohnX

Øn\v BiwkIƒ!

F∂m¬ \o¿P hfsc _p≤n]q¿hw AhcpsS

]mkvt]m¿´pIƒ ko‰pIƒ°Snbnepw thbvÃv

_mkv°‰pIfnepambn Hfn∏n®p. AXn\m¬ IqSpX¬

Atacn°≥ ]uc≥amsc Is≠Øm≥ ̀ oIc¿°mbn√.

dm©¬ \mSIw GXm≠v 17 aWn°qtdmfw \o≠p.

N¿®Ifpw a[yÿ {iaßfpsa√mw ]cmPbs∏´p.

AtXmsS òIc¿ hnam\Øn\p≈n¬ shSnbp

Xn¿°m\pw kvt^mSI hkvXp°ƒ s]mń°m\pw

XpSßn. bm{X°m¿ ]cn{`m¥cmbn. Ah¿ acWsØ

apJmapJw I≠p. F¥p sNøWsa∂dnbmØ

kwL¿j`cnXamb B \nanjØnepw a\ m\n≤yw

\„s∏SmXncp∂ \o¿P hnam\Øns‚ Fa¿P≥kn

hmXn¬ hen®p Xpd∂p. hmXn¬ Xpd∂Xv

\o¿PbmbXn\m¬ Ahƒ°p thWsa¶n¬ BZyw

c£s]Smambncp∂p. F∂m¬ Ahƒ ]pdØndßmsX

ss[cy]q¿Δw a‰p bm{X°msc XnSp°Øn¬

c£s∏SpØm≥ XpSßn. Ht´sdt∏¿ B hmXn¬ hgn

c£s]´p. aq∂p ]n©p Ip™pßsf amtdmSp

tN¿Øp ]nSn®p hmXnen\SptØt°mSnb \o¿P

òIccpsS IÆn¬s∏´p. tIm]m{Im¥cmb òIc¿

AhfpsS apSnbn¬ IpØn∏nSn®p ]ns∂ AhfpsS

s\dpIbn¬ t]mbn‚ v ªm¶nte°p \ndsbmgn®p.

Ccp]Ønaq∂mw hb n¬, Xs‚ P∑Zn\Øn\pw c≠p

Znhkw apºv \o¿P F∂ ]q¿Æ N{μnI Im¿

taLßƒ°nSbn¬ ad™p.

Xs‚ sXmgnent\mSpw NpaXeItfmSpw kl

PohnItfmSp≈ ISaItfmSpw \qdp iXam\hpw

kXyk‘X ]pe¿Øm≥ Poh≥ t]mepw tlman®

`mcXØns‚ [oc]p{Xnsb C¥ybpw ]m°nÿm\pw

Atacn°bpw [ocXbv°p≈ D∂X _lpaXnIƒ

\¬In BZcn®p. `mcXw Ahƒ°p \¬InbXv

[ocXb°p≈ ]ctam∂X _lpaXnbmb AtimI

N{IbmWv. 2004˛¬ \o¿PbpsS apJNn{Xw BteJ\w

sNbvX X]m¬ Ãmºv C¥ybn¬ ]pdØndßn.

\nch[n ]pkvXIßƒ Ahsf°pdn®v FgpXs∏´p.

2016˛¬ AhfpsS PohnXw Nn{XoIcn°p∂ Ne®n{Xw

]pdØndßn. Cu kw`hw \S°ptºmƒ hnam\Øn¬

D≠mbncp∂ 7 hb p≈ Hcp Ipń C∂v Hcp

Fb¿sse≥ Iym]v‰\mWv. At±lw ]dbp∂Xv, Xs‚

PohnXØnse Hmtcm \nanjØn\pw At±lw

\o¿PtbmSp ISs∏ńcn°p∂p F∂mWv. Aßs\

Ht´sd Imcyßƒ \o¿PbpsS PohnXw \tΩmSp

]dbp∂ Hcp Imcyap≠v. \nßƒ sNøp∂ Hcp

ImcyØn\p th≠n \nßƒ \qdp iXam\hpw

\nßsfØs∂ ka¿∏n®m¬ \nßƒ hnPbn°pI

Xs∂ sNøpw. B ]cn{iaØn¬ \nßfpsS Poh≥

\„s∏´m¬ t]mepw AsXmcp ]cmPba√. AXn\p

henb k¬êßfp≠mhpw. \nßsfmcp ]pXnb

Imcyw sNøptºmƒ \nßfpsS Ignhns‚, tijnbpsS,

{]bXv\Øns‚, ka¿∏WØns‚ \qdp iXam\hpw

\¬In sNbvXp t\m°q. \nßsf B¿°pw

tXm¬∏n°m\mhn√.



Ht´sd Btcm]WßfpsS a[yØnepw Xt±i

kzbw`cW kvYm]\ßfpsS sXcs™Sp∏n¬

F¬UnF^v henb hnPbw t\SnbXns\°pdn®pw,

bpUnF^n\v t\cn´ Xncn®SnIsf°pdn®pw hnhn[

hniIe\ßfp≠v. ss{IkvXhcpsS, {]tXyIn®v

ItØmen°cpsS \ne]mSv am‰hpw apkvenw hncp≤

{]NmcWßfpw AXn¬ henb ]¶v hln®n´p≠v F∂v

]ecpw hnebncpØp∂p. 2020 Unkw_¿ 19˛se am[yaw

Zn\]{XØn¬, ‘F¬UnF^v hnPbØn\v ]n∂n¬

ItØmen°mk`bpw’ F∂ Xes°ń¬ CØcw

Bibßƒ AhXcn∏n®psIm≠v Hcp teJ\w

{]kn≤oIcn®ncp∂p. {]Xy£Øn¬ Ce£\pambn

_‘ans√¶nepw, Unkw_¿ ]Xn\mdn\v awKfw

Zn\]{Xw {]kn≤oIcn® auenIhmZØns‚ ss{IkvXh

cq]ßƒ F∂ teJ\Ønepw CØcw Nne

BibßfmWv AhXcn∏n°m≥ {ian®ncp∂Xv.

kaqlam[yaßfnepw kam-\-amb {]NmcWßƒ

]ptcmKan°p∂p≠v. ss{IkvX-h¿ ˛ ItØm-en°m

k` apkvenw hncp≤ {]NmcWßƒ \S-Øp∂p F∂-

XmWv teJ-\-I¿Øm-°ƒ Db¿Øp∂ {][m\ Btcm-

]-Ww.

ItØmen°m k` apkvenw hncp≤X

{]Ncn∏n°p∂pthm?

kaqlØn¬ h¿≤n®phcp∂ h¿§ob {[pho

IcWØns‚bpw, hnhn[ kmap-Zm-bnI AXn{Ia

ßfpsSbpw ]›mØeØn¬ ]et∏mgmbn ItØm

en° k`mt\XrXzhpw, sa{Xm∑mcpw {]XnIcn°p

Ibpw \ne]mSpIƒ hy‡am°pIbpw sNbvXncp∂p

F∂p≈Xv hmkvXhamWv. sIkn_nkn Pm{KXbpsS

ap≥ ]Xn∏pIfn¬ ]et∏mgmbn CØcw {]XnI

cWßfpw hniZoIcWßfpw {]kn≤oIcn°pI

bp≠mbn´p≠v. CXphscbpw Xpd∂p N¿®sNøm≥

aSn® Nne hnjbßƒ Xpd∂p]dbm≥ ItØmen°m

k` XømdmhpIbp≠mbn, C\nbpw AXp≠mhpw.

F∂m¬, AØcw Xpd∂p]d®nepIfpw Hm¿Ωs∏Sp

ØepIfpw h¿§ob {]NcWßƒ e£yw h®p≈

hbmbncp∂n√. adn®v, Cu kaqlØn¬ atXXcXz

Øn\pw kmtlmZcyØn\pw sh√phnfn Db¿Øp∂

{]hWXIƒ h¿≤n°p∂ kmlNcyØn¬, hnime

ambn Nn¥n°m\pw BtcmKyIcamb kwhmZßƒ°v

Xt±i sXcs™Sp∏v:Pb]cmPbßfpw ss{IkvXhcpw

thZnsbmcp°m\pap≈ Blzm\ßfpw ]cn{iaßfp

ambncp∂p AØcw Xpds∂gpØpIƒ. am\-hn-I-

Xbv°pw kmtlm-Z-cy-Øn\pw FXnsc \S∂psIm≠n

cn°p∂ KqVmtemN\Isfbpw {]h¿Ø\ ]≤Xn

Isfbpw Xpd∂pImWn°p∂Xv Fßs\bmWv

Zpjv{]NmcWamhpI?

\yq\]£ B\pIqeyßƒ A\phZn°p∂Xnse

]£]mX]camb coXnIfpw kmapZmbnIambn

ss{IkvXh¿ t\cn´psIm≠ncp∂ a‰v Xncn®SnIfpw

sI´pIYIf√. kmZnJv Aen Xßsf t]mep≈ Nne

apkvenw eoKv t\Xm°ƒ Ahm-kvXh {]NmcWßƒ

\SØnb-t∏mgpw, Nne¿ ss{IkvXh hncp≤amb

\ne]mSpIƒ kzoIcn®t∏mgpw {]XnIcWßfp

≠mbn. ss{IkvXh hnizmksØ IS∂m{Ian°m\pw

ss{IkvXh¿°nSbn¬ t]mepw sX‰n≤mcWIƒ

]cØm\pw ss{IkvXhsc s]mXpkaqlØn\v

ap∂n¬ Ahtlfn°m\pw kwLSnXamb {iaßfp

≠mbt∏mƒ Ahsb Xpd∂pImWn®p. F∂m¬,

CsXm∂pw tIcfØnse apkvenw kapZmbØns\

Xnscbp≈ \o°ßfmbncp∂n√.

tIcfØnse F∂√, temIØnse Xs∂ Ckvemw

aXhnizmknIfn¬ `qcn]£w hcp∂h¿ kam[m\

Imw£nIfmsW∂pw, Ah¿ A{Iaßsfbpw

aXauenIhmZsØbpw t{]m’mln∏n°mØhcm

sW∂pw {]tXyIw ]dtb≠Xn√. Ah¿°nSbn¬

Ibdn∏‰n Nne KqVe£yßƒ°mbn {]h¿Øn°p∂

hscbmWv ]et∏mgmbn ]ecpw temIØn\v ap∂n¬

Xpd∂pImWn°m≥ {ian®n´p≈Xv. temIØn¬

]ebnSßfnepw F∂Xpt]mse tIcfØnepw

]ehn[ßfmb CkvemanI Xo{hhmZ {]h¿Ø\ßƒ

\S°p∂p≠v F∂Xv hnhn[ At\z-jW GP≥kn-I-

fpsS dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ {]Imcw hy‡amWv. òIc

hmZsØ t{]m’mln∏n°p∂ Nnecpambn apJy[mcm

cm{„ob∏m¿ńIƒ ]ckyamb NßmØw ImØp

kq£n°pIbpw ]pXnb IcmdpIfn¬ G¿s∏SpIbpw

sNøp∂Xn¬ ItØmen° k`bv°v Bi¶bp≠v.

aXauenIhmZnIfpw A{IanIfpambn cwKØp

h∂n´p-≈-h-scbpw CkvemanI A[n\nthiØns‚

hnhn[ apJßsfbpw ÿm]nX XmXv]-cy-ß-tfmsS

\ymboIcn°p∂ Nnesc k`m-t\-XrXzw tNmZyw

sk{I-́ -dnsIkn-_nkn sFIy-Pm-{KXm IΩo-j≥

ImenIw



sNøp∂Xns\, CkvemanI hncp≤X {]Ncn∏n°p

∂Xmbn Nn{XoIcn°p∂ {]hWX \nKqVhpw

A]ISIchpamWv. C-…m-an-s\-Xn-sc-b√ C…m-an-Ãp-

Iƒs°-Xn-sc-bmWv F∂pw k`bpsS i_vZ-ap-b¿∂n-

´p-≈-Xv. eu PnlmZv t]mep≈ hnjbßfnepw, lmKnb

tkm^n-b, hmcn-bw-Ip-∂≥ F∂nh kw_‘n® N¿®-

I-fnepw C°q-´¿ kzoIcn® Xo{h-hmZ \ne]mSpIƒ

Ah-cpsS X\n-\ndw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h-bm-bn-cp∂p.

apkvenw eoKns\t∏mse, tIcfØn¬ ASnØdbp≈

cm{„ob ]m¿ńIƒ \ne]mSpIfn¬ atXXcXzhpw,

{]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ kpXmcyXbpw kzoImcyXbpw

ImØpkq£n°m≥ ISs∏´hcmWv. hna¿i\ßtfmSv

AklnjvWpX ]pe¿Øp∂Xn\v ]Icw, XncpØ¬

\S]SnIƒ kzoIcn°m≥ XømdmIWw. aXòIc

hmZsØ sNdpØptXm¬∏n°m≥ atXXckaql

tØmSv tN¿∂p\n¬°Ww. CXmWv ItØmen°m

kaqlØn\v CkvemanI kaqlØns‚ cm{„ob

t\XrXztØmSv ]dbm\p≈Xv.

Xt±i sXcs™Sp∏n¬ kw`hn®sX¥v?

Ign™ sXcs™Sp∏n¬, tIcfØn¬ C°me

ßfn¬ kw`hn®psIm≠ncn°p∂ hnhn[ {]Xn`m

kßƒ {]Xnên®n´p≠v F∂p≈Xv \nkvX¿°

amWv. F∂m¬, tIcfm tIm¨{Kkns‚ F¬UnF^v

{]thi\w, tIcfItØmen°m k`bpsS \ne]mSn¬

h∂ am‰w F∂n-hbmWv F¬UnF^ns‚ hnPbØn\v

hgnsbmcp°nbsX∂ hn[nsbgpØv icnb√.

sXcs™Sp∏ns\ kzm[o\n® LSIßfn¬ Ahbpw

s]Spw F∂pam{Xw. {][m\ambpw bpUnF^n˛¬

kw`hn® A]Nbßfpw icnbmb t\XrXzØns‚

A`mhhpw \ne]mSpIfn¬ h∂ ]mfn®IfpamWv

sXcs™Sp∏n¬ Ah¿°v Xncn®SnbmbXv. apkvenw

aXauenI hmZhpw A\p_‘ AXn{Iaßfpw Cu

Imeßfn¬ s]cpIp∂p F∂ t_m[yw tIcf

kaqlØn\v D≠mbncn°p∂Xv apkvenw eoKv apJy

LSI I£nbmbp≈ bpUnF^n\v tZmjw sNbvXn

´p≠v F∂p≈Xpw hmkvXhamWv. ss{IkvXh

kaqlØn¬ am{Xw kw`hn®n´p≈ Hcp am‰a√ AXv.

aXm[njvTnX cm{„obw P\m[n]XyØn\v hncp≤hpw

atXXcXzØn\v A]ISIchpamsW∂ Nn¥

hf¿∂Xv kzm`mhnIambpw XmcXtay\ IqSpX¬

KpWw sNbvXn´p≈Xv CSXp]£ P\m[n]Xy

ap∂Wn°mbncn°Ww. \yq\-]£ h¿£o-bX

t]mse-X-s∂, `qcn-]£ h¿£o-b-Xbpw sNdp-°-s∏-

tS-≠-Xm-sW∂ t_m[yw s]mXpkaq-l-Øn-\p-≠m-

bXmWv B{K-ln® t\´w ssIh-cn-°m≥ _nsP-]n°pwIgn-bmsX t]mb-Xv. AtXkabw, cm{„ob ]m¿ńIfpsS ]n≥_ean√mØ 2020 bv°v FdWmIpfwPn√bn¬ henb t\´w ssIhcn°m≥ Ign™Xv,\nehnep≈ F√m cm{„ob ImgvN∏mSpIƒ°pwAXoXambn Nn¥n°m\pw {]XnIcn°m\pw P\wk∂≤cmWv F∂p≈Xns‚ kqN\bmWv.

Xt±i kzbw`cW kvYm]\ßfnte°p≈2020˛se sXcs™Sp∏ns\, hcm≥t]mIp∂ \nbak`m Ce£s‚ apt∂mSnbmbn hnebncpØm≥Ignbn√ F∂p≈XmWv as‰mcp hmkvXhw. dnkƒ´pIƒ t\sc hn]coXambn amdnb ap∂\p`hßfp≠v.1991˛¬ \S∂ Pn√m Iu¨kn¬ sXcs™Sp∏n¬ 14˛¬12˛Dw t\Sn CSXpap∂Wn tIcfw XqØqhmcnbncp∂p.AXn\v sXm´papºmbncp∂p tIcf tIm¨{KkvtPmk^v hn`mKw CSXpap∂WnbnseØnbXv.Ct∏mƒ tPmkv sI amWn°v e`n®Xpt]mep≈{]iwk A∂v ]n.sP tPmk^n\v Inńbncp∂p. 1987˛¬A[nImcØntednb \mb\m¿ a{¥nk`bv°v Hcph¿jwIqSn Imemh[n D≠mbncps∂¶nepw \nbak`]ncn®phn´v CSXpap∂Wn P\hn[n tXSn. XpS¿cWØn\p≈ G‰hpw A\ptbmPyamb kabw F∂IW°qénembncp∂p B \S]Sn. F∂m¬ `cWwe`n®Xv sI. IcpWmIcs‚ t\XrXzØnep≈bpUnF^n\mbncp∂p.

hy‡n]camb ]cnNbßƒ°pw ASp∏Øn\pw]m¿ńIƒ°XoXambn kvYm\w e`n°p∂ H∂mWv{XnXe ]©mbØv Ce£≥. _p≤n]q¿Δap≈kvYm\m¿Yn \n¿ÆbamWv PbØns‚ {][m\LSIambn amdmdp≈Xv. \nbak`m sXcs™Sp∏vDS≥ \S∂m¬ Xt±i sXcs™Sp∏n¬ D≠mbapt∂‰w CSXpap∂Wn°v In´psa∂v IcpXm\mhn√.]›mbØv sXcs™Sp∏nse hnjbßf√ \nbak`msXcs™Sp∏n¬ am‰pc°s∏Sp∂Xv F∂XmWvAXns‚ H∂masØ ImcWw. F¶n¬t∏mepw,C°gn™ Ce£≥ F√m cm{„ob ]m¿ńIƒ°pwNne ap∂dnbn∏pIƒ \¬Ip∂p≠v. ap≥ImeßsfAt]£n®v P\ßƒ hfsctbsd amdn Nn¥n°m≥XpSßnbncn°p∂p. AgnaXn, aXauenI hmZw,h¿£ob NmbvhpIƒ, kzP\]£]mXw, cm{„ob\ne]mSpIfnse s]m≈Øcßƒ, ]≤XnIfnseAimkv{XobX XpSßnb hnjbßsf√mwkPohambn N¿®sNøs∏SpIbpw, AXn\m\p]mXnIambn s]mXpkaqlØns‚ \ne]mSpIfn¬ am‰whcnIbpw sNøp∂p. XΩn¬ t`Zw F∂v IcpXp∂kvYm\m¿∞n°v ]m¿ń t`Zan√msX thm´v sNøm≥{InkvXym\n F∂√, atXXcXzhpw kam[m\hpwB{Kln°p∂ Bcpw Xømdmtb°p∂ \mfpIfmWvC\nbp≈Xv. ]m¿ńIƒ°XoXambn, Ignhns‚ASnkvYm\Øn¬ kvYm\m¿∞nIsf ]cnKWn°pIF∂ \bamWv Ign™ Ce£\n¬ ItØmen°mhnizmknIƒ s]mXpsh kzoIcn®Xv . CØcwam‰ßfpw e£Wßfpw Xncn®dn™v {]h¿Øn°phm≥ hnhn[ cm{„ob]m¿ńIƒ XømdmhpIbmWvImeL´Øns‚ Bhiyw.



BZna k`bpsS {]ImitKm]pcßfn¬ H∂mWv

tIkdnbmbnse alm\mb hnip≤ _tkentbmkv.

{InkvXob k`bpw ssZhimkv{Xhpw ]n∂oS v

k©cn® hgnIfnep≈ kzm[o\w ]cnKWn®m¬

k`m]nXm°∑mcnse G‰hpw {][m\nIfn¬ Hcmƒ.

k`bpsS ssZhimkv{X `mjbv°v hy‡X

hcpØp∂Xn¬ {][m\ ]¶phln® Zm¿i\nI≥,

]mjfiXIƒ°v ]n¥pWsImSpØ N{Ih¿Øn

amsc t\cns´Xn¿Øv ]cmPbs∏SpØnb I¿ΩIpi

e\mb `cWm[nImcn , k`bpsS B≤ymflnI

\thm∞m\Øn\v t\XrXzw sImSpØ k∂ymk

hcy≥ Fs∂√mw kwibteian√msX Ncn{Xw

At±lsØ ASbmfs∏SpØp∂p.

hnip≤nbpsS ss]XrIw

tdmam km{amPyØnse A\tØmenb F∂

{]hiybn¬ tIkdnb F∂ ]´WØnemWv

t_kn¬ P\n®Xv, {InkvXph¿jw 330 \SpØv.

At±lØns‚ ]nXmhns‚ t]cpw _tkentbmkv

F∂mbncp∂p. {]mtZinI cm{„obØn¬ kzm[o

\ap≈ Hcp {]`pIpSpw_ambncp∂p AXv. kºØn\pw

kzm[o\Øn\pw H∏w ]pWyØns‚ k¬°o¿Ønbpw

_tkentbmkn\p ss]XrIambn e`n®p. AΩ

FanenbbpsS ]nXmhv c‡km£nXzw hcn®p. ]nXm

hns‚ AΩbmb a{Io\ (St. Macrina the Elder) {InkvXob

PohnXNcybpsS D∂XamXrIbmbn Pohn®ncns°

Øs∂ _lpam\nX Bbncp∂p. ]nXmhpw amXmhpw

]n¬°meØv hnip≤cmbn hWßs∏´p. ktlmZc

ßfn¬ \mept]cpw hnip≤cmbn hWßs∏Sp∂p.

ktlmZc\mb hn.{KnKdn \n m _tkentbmkn

t\msSm∏w XesbSpt∏msS km¿h{XnI k`bpsS

{]t_m[Icn¬ Hcmfmbn ]cnKWn°s∏Sp∂p.

ktlmZcnbmb a{Io\ (St. Macrina the Younger){InkvXob k∂ymkØns‚ al\ob amXrIbmbn

{]Io¿Øn°s∏Sp∂p. sk_msÃbnse sa{Xm\m

bncp∂ ]o‰dpw buh\Øn¬ \ncymX\mb

\u{Imknbqkpw BWv hnip≤]ZaW™ CXc

ktlmZcßƒ. k`mip{iqjI (Ub°Wkv)

Bbncp∂ hn. sXtbmtk_nb _tkentbmkns‚

ktlmZcntbm ktlmZc`mcytbm BWv.

Hcp°w

Xs‚ ]nXmhns\t∏mse ka¿∞\mb Hcp

\nbahnZKv≤t\m cm{„obt\Xmthm BIm\p≈

]cnioe\amWv _tkentbmkn\v e`n®Xv .

tIkdnbmbnepw ]n∂oSv tIm¨Ãm‚nt\m∏nfnepw

hnZym`ymkw t\Snb _tkentbmkv D]cn ]T\m¿∞w

BY≥knte°v t]mbn. ]n¬°meØv N{Ih¿Øn

BbnØo¿∂ aXXymKnbmb Pqenb\pw hn. {KnKdn

\knbm≥k\pw BY≥kn¬ At±lØns‚

kl]mTnIfmbncp∂p. tIkdnbmbnse hnZym

`ymkImeØv Xs∂ ]cnNnX\mbncp∂ hn. {KnKdn

dh. ^m. tPmk^v h≈n-bm´v(s{]m^. sk‚ v tacokv ae-¶c skan-\m-cn, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw)

ssZh`h\Øns‚almhnf°v:tIkdnbmbnsealm\mb am¿_tkentbmkv

Ncn{Xw



bpambn Bgamb kulrZw C°meØv At±lw

cq]s∏SpØn. CcphcpsSbpw kulrZhpw kwhmZhpw

k∂ymkØnte°p≈ B`napJyambn´mWv ]cnW

an®Xv. ]T\Imew Ign™v kXo¿∞y∑m¿ c≠phgn°v

bm{Xbmcw`n®p. CuPn]vXnepw ]eÃo\nepw D≈

k∂ymknIsf kμ¿in°m\mbncp∂p _tken

tbmkns‚ Dt±iyw. kztZiØv aSßnsbØnb

_tkentbmkv A`n`mjIhrØnbnte°v Xncn™p.

IpSpw_Øn¬ CXn\Iw Xs∂ k∂ymkmZ¿

ißƒ thtcmSnbncp∂p. sk_msÃbn¬ Pohn®ncp∂

HkvXmØntbmkv F∂ Xm]k≥ (k`bn¬ hnip≤

\mbn ]cnKWn°s∏Sp∂ am¿ HkvXmØntbmkv A√,

Ct±lw Nne ]mjfiXIfpambn _‘ap≈

bmfmWv) _tkentbmkns‚ IpSpw_hpambn

Bflob ASp∏w ÿm]n®ncp∂p. ktlmZcn

a{Io\bpw, ]nXmhns‚ acWtijw AΩ Fanenbbpw

Xm]khrØn kzoIcn®p. \u{Imknbqkpw Xm]k

\mbn amdnbncp∂p A°meØv. a{Io\bpsS

{]tNmZ\Øn¬ Hcph¿jØn\Iw A`n`mjIhrØn

Dt]£n®v _tkentbmkv ho≠pw bm{X Bcw`n®p.

CuPn]vXv kndnb saks∏mt´anb {]tZißfn¬

hnhn[ Xm]k kwc`ßƒ kμ¿in®v ]T\w \SØnb

tijw t]m¥qkv F∂ ÿeØv GIm¥hmkw

Bcw`n®p. kXo¿∞y\mb {KnKdnbpw CXn\Iw Xs∂

k∂ymkw PohnXNcy Bbn kzoIcn®ncp∂p.

358 \SpØv _tkentbmkv Xs‚ kplrØp°sf

]escbpw Xt∂mSpIqsS tNcm≥ £Wn®psIm≠v

Xs‚ P∑ÿeØn\SpØp≈ A∂ok F∂

{KmaØn¬ Hcp k∂ymk`h\Øn\v Bcw`w Ipdn®p.

IpSpw_Øns‚ ss]XrI kzØmbncp∂ Cu

ÿeØv, a{Io\bpsSbpw FanenbbpsSbpw t\Xr

XzØn¬ k∂ymkn\nIfpsS Hcp kaqlw ap≥]vXs∂

Pohn®ncp∂p. a{Io\bmbncp∂p k∂ymk`h\Øns‚

{IaoIcWØn¬ _tkentbmkns‚ amXrIbpw

hgnIm´nbpw. am{Xa√, Ipd®pImetØ°v Xt∂m

sSm∏w Pohn°m\mbn FØnb kl]mTn {KnKdn

tbmsSm∏w alm\mb HcnPs‚ Bflotbm]

tZißfpsS Hcp kamlmcw ^ntem°menb F∂

t]cn¬ At±lw Xømdm°n. Ing°≥ k∂ymk

BflobXbnse ASnÿm\ {KŸßfn¬ H∂mbn

CXv ]cnKWn°s∏Sp∂p.

{]Xnk‘nIfpsS Imew

{InkvXobk`sb kw_‘n®v {]Xnk‘nbpsS

]pXpImeambncp∂p AXv. c‡cq£nXamb

]oU\ßfpsS Imew Ahkm\n∏n®v tIm¨Ãss‚≥

N{Ih¿Øn k`bv°v kzmX{¥yw \¬InbXv

313˛emWv. A©ph¿jßƒ°ptijw hchdnbn®

Bcnb≥ ]mjfiX Ing°≥ km{amPyØnse

k`sb h√msX ]nSn®pe®p. \nJym kp\ltZmkn¬

(325) hn. AØ\mkntbmkns\ ]n¥pW®v Bcnbq

kns\ \mSpISØnsb¶nepw ]n¬°meØv N{I

h¿Øn Bcnb≥ ]mjfiXbpsS eLpcq]ßsf

A\pIqen®p. tIm¨Ãss‚s‚ a°fpw B \bw

XpS¿∂t∏mƒ H´\h[n \Kcßfn¬ A¿≤ Bcnb≥

\ne]mSpIƒ \ymboIcn°p∂ sa{Xm∑m¿ \nban

Xcmbn. ]p{X\mb ssZhw ]nXmhn\p kam\≥

BsW¶nepw ]nXmhnt\mSv ka\√ F∂v hmZn°p

∂Xmbncp∂p ChcpsS \ne]mSv. _tkentbmkv

k`bpsS apJy[mcbnte°v hcp∂ ImeØv Ing°≥

tdmam km{amPyw GXm≠v apgph\pw Xs∂ ChcpsS

\nb{¥WØnembncp∂p. _tkentbmkn\v Uo°≥

ÿm\m`ntjIw \¬Inb At¥ymJymbnse {]kn≤

\mb saeoØnbqkpw A°meØv Cu \ne]mSv

]pe¿Ønbncp∂p. ]p{X≥ ]nXmhnt\mSv ka\pw GI

kmcmwihpamsW∂ kXyhnizmkw hy‡ambn

]Tn∏n®ncp∂ hn. AØ\mkntbmkv \mepXhW Xs‚

cq]Xbn¬ \n∂v \mSpISØs∏SpIbpw At\Iw

]oU\ßƒ kln°pIbpw sNbvXp C°meØv.

C°meØpXs∂ tIm¨Ãm‚ nt\m∏nfnse

]m{Xnb¿°okv Bbncp∂ amkntUmWnbqkv

]cnip≤mflmhv ssZhas√∂pw ssZhkr„nIfn¬

]p{X\ptijw hcp∂ Hcp ssZhnI i‡n am{X

amsW∂pw ]Tn∏n®p. Bcnb≥ ]mjfiXbpsS

as‰mcpcq]ambncp∂p Cu ImgvN∏mSpw. ]mjfi

XIƒ am{Xambncp∂n√ k`bnse {]iv\w. ]oU\

Øns‚ Imew t]mbn k`m ip{iqjIcpw t\Xm°fpw

kaqlØn¬ hneaXn°s∏Sp∂ A¥co£w

kwPmXambncp∂p. ap≥Imeßfn¬ hnPmXob tZhm

ebßƒ°pw ]ptcmlnX¿°pw e`n®ncp∂ ss\

bmanIhpw kmºØnIhpamb B\pIqeyßƒ

{InkvXob k`bv°pw ip{iqjI¿°pw e`n®p.

]mjfiXIƒ kw_‘n® N¿®Ifn¬ ImWp∂Xv

hnizmkØns‚ thcpIƒ ad∂pw N{Ih¿Ønsbbpw

A\pNc∑mscbpw {]oXns∏SpØm≥ _≤s∏Sp∂

sshZnIscbpw sa{Xm∑mscbpw BWv. kºØpw

AwKoImchpw D≠mbt∏mƒ ip{iqjIcn¬ ]ecpw

{InkvXob aqeyßƒ ad∂v BUw_cØns‚bpw

Xm≥t]mcnabpsSbpw ssienIƒ kzoIcn®p.

]e\Kcßfnepw hnizmk ssh]coXyw I£nhg°p

Iƒ°v hgnsXfn®p. am¬kcyßfn¬ ta¬ss°

t\Sm≥ F¥p hf™hgnbpw kzoIcn°p∂Xn\v

]et∏mgpw ip{iqjI¿ k∂≤cmbn. c‡km£n

IfpsSbpw BZyIme k∂yÿcpsSbpw [ocamb

km£yØn¬ _ewsIm≠ncp∂ ssZhP\w henb

CS¿®bn¬ hogp∂Xn\v t\XrXzØnse Cu

A[x]X\w ImcWambn. k∂ymkØnte°v Xncn

bp∂ ImeØv k`bnse Cu XI¿®Iƒ FÆnsbÆn

∏d™v hne]n°p∂ _tkentbmkns\ \mw ]e

IØpIfnepw ImWp∂p≠v.

kphntijØns‚ shfn®w

k`mPohnXsØ apgph≥ kphntijØns‚

shfn®Ønte°v XncnsI sIm≠phcp∂Xn\v



k∂ymkØns‚ ssNX\yw k`mPohnXØns‚

apJy[mcbnte°v XncnsI sIm≠phcWw F∂v

_tkentbmkv a\ nem°n. Xm]kPohnXw

A∂sØ k`bn¬ i‡ambncp∂p F¶nepw

Xm]k¿ \Kcßfn¬ \n∂pw P\PohnXØn¬ \n∂pw

Hgn™v acpthmcßfnepwh\{]tZißfnepambncp∂p

Pohn®ncp∂Xv. am{Xa√, AhcpsS kaqlPohnXw

]cnanXambncp∂p. ssZhkmao]yw At\zjn°p∂

ktlmZcßƒ Hcpan®v, ]ckv]cw kvt\ln®pw

a‰p≈hsc ip{iqjn®pw kphntijØn\v kPoh

km£yw \¬Ip∂ k∂yÿ`h\ßƒ P\hmk

tI{μßfn¬ D≠mIp∂Xv kphntijmZ¿ißsf

k`bpsS kPoh {i≤bn¬ sIm≠phcp∂Xn\v

klmbn°pw F∂v At±lw Xncn®dn™p. k∂ymk

Ncysb \KcPohnXhpambn ka\zbn∏n°Ww F∂

Bibw Ing°≥ k`bn¬ BZyambn ]co£n®

Bfmbncp∂p sk_msÃbnse HkvXmØntbmkv.

At±lØns‚ kzm[o\Ønepw kz¥w A\p`h

Øns‚ shfn®Ønepw {InbmflIamb k`m

ip{iqjbpw k∂ymkhpw ka\zbn∏n°p∂ Hcp

Z¿i\w _tkentbmkv C°meØv cq]s∏SpØn.

_koenb≥ \nbaßƒ Cu Z¿i\Øn¬ A[njvTnX

amWv. Cu khntijX ]cnKWn®mWv ssZhZmk≥

am¿ Cuh\ntbmkv Xncpta\n Xs‚ B{iaØns‚

B[mcamXrIbmbn _tkenb≥ \nbamhensb

kzoIcn®Xpw.

P\kaqltØmsSm∏w Pohn°p∂ k∂ymk

kaqlßsf {]NmcØn¬ FØn°pI am{Xa√,

k∂ymkw F∂ ]Ÿmhns\ P\Iobam°pI

IqSnbmWv _tkentbmkv sNbvXXv. km[mcW

P\Øn\v Nn¥n°m≥ IqSn {]bmkap≈ Xo{h

\njvTIƒ˛̨ Zo¿LIme D]hmkw, XqWnt∑¬ D≈

GIm¥hmkw Hs°-A\pjvTn®ncp∂ k∂ykvX¿

[mcmfap≠mbncp∂p C°meØv. ssZhkmao]y

amWt√m k∂ymkØns‚ e£yw. km[mcW

PohnXhgnIfn¬ D≈h¿°pw B e£yw {]m]n°m≥

km[n°psa∂v _koenb≥ amXrI Dds°

{]Jym]n°p∂p. _koenb≥ k∂ymkmZ¿ißfn¬

Bgamb KthjWw \SØnbn´p≈ A∂ Fw.

kn¬hmkv F∂ ]finXbpsS hm°pIfn¬

]d™m¬ I¿Ømhnt\mSpw Ahs‚ hN\ß

tfmSpap≈ A\pkcWw, k`tbmSpw A∏kvtXmenI

]mcºcytØmSpap≈ Xo£vWamb ka¿∏Ww,

amtamZok A\pimkn°p∂ [m¿anIhpw Bflo

bhpamb PohnXNcyItfmSv Hmtcm {InkvXym\nbpw

Ahiyambn ImWnt°≠ B`napJyw F∂nhbmWv

k∂ymkZ¿i\Øns‚ ASnÿm\ aqeyßfmbn

_tkentbmkv kzoIcn®ncn°p∂Xv. efnXambn

]d™m¬ kphntijØns‚ ktμiw Dƒs°m≠v

Pohn°pIbmWv k∂ymkw. AXv Gh¿°pw

{]m]yamWv. AXpsIm≠v Xo{hhnc‡nb√, anXXzhpw

PohnXemfnXyhpw B[mcam°nb eLphmb

\njvTIfmWv _tkentbmkv Xs‚ injy¿°v

\n¿t±in®Xv.

GIm¥hmkw B≤ymflnI ]ptcmKXn°v tbmPn

®X√ F∂v _tkentbmkv hy‡am°p∂p≠v.

]et∏mgpw IpwSpw_mwKßƒ Hcpan®v, kv{XoIfpw

]pcpj∑mcpw Ip´nIfpw ASßp∂ kaqlßfmbn

´mbncp∂p k∂ymk PohnXw At±lw hn`mh\w

sNbvXXv. {_“Ncy{hXw kqNn∏n°p∂ coXnbn¬

kv{XoIƒ°pw ]pcpj∑m¿°pw {]tXyI `h\ßƒ˛̨

Htc hf∏n¬ Xs∂ ˛̨ {IaoIcn®ncp∂p F∂pam{Xw.

]ckv]ckvt\lw, ip{iqj, ]ckv]cap≈ XncpØ¬,

apXn¿∂htcmSp≈ A\pkcWw F∂o aqeyßƒ,

Hcp IpSpw_Ønse∂t]mse ]men°p∂Xmbncp∂p

kaqlPohnXØns‚ ImX¬. {]m¿∞n°pIbpw

{]kwKn°pIbpw ]Tn∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂Xns\m∏w

DØaamb klPoh\Øns‚ kPoh amXrI k`m

kaqlØn\p \¬Ip∂Xn\pw k∂yÿ¿ {]m]vX

cmbn. CtXmsSm∏w kaqlØnse ]mhs∏´htcmSp≈

DØchmZnØßƒ Ah¿ [ocambn \ndth‰pIbpw

sNbvXp. 369˛¬ I∏tZmNnb {]tZiØv `oIcamb

£maap≠mbt∏mƒ AhnSpsØ P\Øn\v B{ib

ambXv _tkentbmkpw At±lØns‚ B{iahpw

Bbncp∂p. P\ßƒ ho≠pw {]tNmZ\Øn\mbn

k`mt\XrXzsØ D‰pt\m°m≥ XpSßn.

B{iaw ]ptcmKan°p∂ ImeØpXs∂ At±lw

hnhn[ k∂ymkkaqlßƒ kμ¿in®v k∂ym

ksØ kw_‘n®v {]`mjWßƒ \¬InØpS

ßnbncp∂p. Xs∂ ]n¥pS¿∂v k∂ymkw kzoIcn

°p∂h¿°v am¿KtcJ BIp∂Xn\v k∂ymtkm

]tZißfpsS c≠v kamlmcßƒ At±lw

FgpXnbp≠m°n. ]uckvXy k∂ymkNcy°v

am{Xa√, _\UnIvss‰≥ PohnXssienbneqsS

temIsaßpw kzm[o\w sNepØnb _koenb≥

\nbamhen Aßs\ D≠mbXmWv.

kahmbØns‚ hgnIƒ

362˛¬ _tkentbmkv Uo°\mbpw XpS¿∂v

sshZnI\mbpw A`njn‡\mbn. k`bnse

BibkwhmZßfn¬ AXnthKw {it≤b\mbn.

ap≥]v kqNn∏n®Xpt]mse Bibsshhn[yw

Ielßtfmfw FØnb Imeambncp∂p AXv. ]e

{][m\\Kcßfnepw {InkvXym\nIƒ ]ckv]cw

t]mcSn®ncp∂ Imew. kz¥w Zp¿hymJym\ßƒ°v

th≠n hmin]nSn®ncp∂ ]mjfinIƒ am{Xa√,

kXyhnizmkw {]tLmjn®ncp∂ ]nXm°∑m¿ t]mepw

Nne {]tXyI ]Z{]tbmKßsf {]Xnbp≈ X¿°

ßfn¬ k`bpsS sFIyw ad∂pt]mbncp∂p. ]p{X≥

Xºpcm≥ ]nXmhnt\mSv ka\mWv F∂v kqNn∏n°m≥

\nJym kp\ltZmkn¬ D]tbmKn® hm°mWv

tlmtamDukntbmkv. "ihv--bmkv _qknbm' F∂v



hnip≤Ip¿_m\bnse aq∂masØ Bio¿hmZ

Øns‚ kpdnbm\n cq]Øn¬ sshZnI¿ D®cn°p∂Xp

tI´n´nt√? B {]tbmKw Xs∂. CXv thZ]pkvX

IØn¬ C√mØ hm°mbXpsIm≠v A°mesØ

Ht´sd ]nXm°∑m¿°v CXv kzoImcyambncp∂n√.

kzoImcyamb hn[Øn¬ Bcpw B ]Z{]tbmKw

hymJym\n®ncp∂n√ F∂XmWv icn. Bgamb

thZ]pkvXI ]T\Øns‚ ]›mØeØn¬ B

]Z{]tbmKw k`bnse `qcn`mKw t]¿°pw

kzoImcyamb hn[Øn¬ hymJym\n®Xv _tken

tbmkv BWv. Bcnb≥ ]mjfinbmbncp∂ Fhp

tWmanbqkns\Xnsc \nJymbnse kXyhnizmkw

hymJym\n®psIm≠v At±lsagpXnb {]_‘w (364)

AXnthKw ]cs° AwKoIcn°s∏´p. \nJymhnizmk

Øns‚ {]tWXmhmb AØ\mkntbmkns‚

]£Øv \n∂ncp∂ Npcp°w k`mt\Xm°fpw A¿≤

Bcnb≥ hnizmkhymJym\ßƒ apdpsI∏nSn®ncp∂

_lp`qcn]£hpw Hcpt]mse _tkentbmkv

\¬Inb hniZoIcWw kzoIcn®v an° \Kcßfnepw

]ckv]cw cays∏´p. C°meØmWv (370-̨ -¬) At±lw

tIkdnbmbnse sa{Xm\mbn A`njn‡\mIp∂Xv.

hncp≤ {[phßfnep≈ A`n{]mbßsf kwhmZ

Ønte°pw {ItaW ka\zbØnte°pw sIm≠p

hcm≥ _tkentbmkv ImWn® kma¿∞yamWv

A°meØv k`bn¬ {]_es∏´psIm≠ncp∂

Ielßƒ Ahkm\n∏n°m≥ At±lsØ klm

bn®Xv. amkntUmWnb≥ ]mjfiX Ahkm\n∏n

°m\p≈ {iaw Cu kma¿∞yØns‚ aIptSmZml

cWamWv. ]cnip≤mflmhv ssZha√ F∂ A_≤

kn≤m¥amWv amkntUmWnb\nkw. ]cnip≤m

flmhpw ]p{Xt\msSm∏w ]nXmhnt\mS v GI

kmcmwiamWv (tlmtamDukntbmkv) F∂XmWv

kXyhnizmkw. ]cnip≤ {XnXzØn¬ aq∂v BfpIƒ

Ds≠¶nepw aq∂v BfpIfpw Htc kmcmwiambn

cn°p∂p. Cu clkyw hymJym\n°m≥ hn.

AØ\mkntbmkv sNbvXXpt]mse _tken

tbmkn\v tlmtam Dukntbmkv F∂ ]Zw

D]tbmKn°mambncp∂p. F∂m¬ Cu ]Zw

D]tbmKn°p∂Xv A`n{]mb hyXymkßƒ

_es∏SpØpw F∂v a\ nem°nb _tkentbmkv

AtX kXyhnizmkw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv B hm°v

D]tbmKn°msXbmWv. ]nXmhnt\mSpw ]p{Xt\mSpw

H∏w hμn°s∏Sp∂h\pw kvXpXn°s∏Sp∂h\pamWv

]cnip≤mflmhv F∂v Bcm[\m]mcºcyØn¬ \n∂v

At±lw hy‡am°n. ssZha√mØ H∂nt\bpw

]nXmhnt\msSm∏w hμn°m≥ km[n°pIbn√.

tlmtam Dukntbmkv F∂ ]Zw D]tbmKn

°msXXs∂ ]cnip≤mflmhv ssZhw BsW∂

kXyhnizmkw k`bpsS Bcm[\bn¬ \n∂v

_tkentbmkv C{]Imcw sXfnbn®p. IelØn\p

ImcWamIm≥ CSbp≈ Hcp hm°v N¿®bn¬ \n∂v

Hgnhm°nbXpsIm≠v \„sam∂pw D≠mbns√∂v

am{Xa√, 381˛se kp\ltZmkn¬ henb N¿®

sbm∂pw hcmØ coXnbn¬ amkntUmWnb≥

]mjfiXsb apfbnte \p≈phm\pw _tken

tbmkn\v km[n®p. tIm¨Ãm‚nt\m∏nfn¬ IqSnb

km¿h{XnI kp\ltZmkv _tkentbmkns‚

`mjsbbpw \bsØbpw Hcpt]mse am\n®mWv

]cnip≤mflmhns\∏‰nbp≈ kXyhnizmkw

hnizmk{]amWØn¬ Dƒs]SpØnbXv.

Bibka\zbw F∂ {]tbmKcoXnbn¬

HXpßp∂X√ ssZhimkv{XsØ kw_‘n®v

_tkentbmkns‚ {]m[m\yw. ]cnip≤ {XnXzsØ

kw_‘n® kXyhnizmkØns‚ hniZoIcWw

sIm≠v k`sb {]Imin∏n®hcn¬ {][m\nbmWv

_tkentbmkv. kz¿Kob clkyßfpsS {]ImiI≥

(Ddmt\m^mt¥m¿) F∂v {Ko°v ]mcºcyØn¬

At±lØn\v Hcp hnfnt∏cp≠v. B {]t_m[\ßfpsS

hniIe\w CXpt]mse Hcp teJ\Øn¬

HXpßp∂X√.

t\Xm°∑mcpsS t\Xmhv

sa{Xm\mbn A`njn‡\mIptºmƒ tIkdn

bmbn¬ At±lØn\v A\pIqenIfpw {]XnIqenIfpw

D≠mbncp∂p. N{Ih¿Ønbmb hme≥kv _tken

tbmkns\ FXn¿Øv A¥naqkns\ {]hiybpsS

sa{Xmt]meoØm B°n Db¿Øm≥ {ian®n´pt]mepw

ka¿∞amb \o°ßfneqsS I∏tZm®nbbn¬

am{Xa√ kndnb≥ {]tZiØpw Xs‚ kzm[o\w

hym]n∏n°m≥ _tkentbmkn\p Ign™p. XnI®pw

k¶o¿Æamb sh√phnfnIsf kaNnØXtbmsS

t\cnSm≥ _tkentbmkn\v km[n®Xv \∑Isf

tN¿Øp]nSn°m\p≈ Akm[mcWamb A`ntjIw

sIm≠msW∂v ImWmhp∂XmWv.

hy‡nIfpsS i‡nIfpw Zu¿_eyßfpw

a\ nem°n Ahsc k`bpsS ]camh[n hnhn[

\ntbmKßƒ At±lw `ctaev]n®p. A¿≤ Bcnb≥

\ne]mSpIsf t{]m¬kmln∏n®ncp∂ N{Ih¿Ønbm

bncp∂p hme≥kv. N{Ih¿Øn t\cn´v FXn¿Øn´p

t]mepw I∏tZm®nb≥ k`bn¬ Xm≥ Db¿Øns°m

≠ph∂ \nJymkp\ltZmkv A\pIqe \ne]mSn\p

]n¥pW Dd∏m°m≥ _tkentbmkv sNbvXXv Xs‚

hnimeamb kplrZ v_‘ßsf ka¿∞ambn

D]tbmKn°pIbmWv. kzktlmZc∑mcmb ]o‰dn

s\bpw {KnKdnsbbpw kl]mTnbmb {KnKdnsbbpw

Dƒ]sS Xt∂msSmØv Nn¥n°p∂ \nch[nt∏sc

sa{Xm≥ ÿm\tØ°pb¿Øn. A°mew hsc B

{]tZisØ kp\ltZmkpIfn¬ A¿≤˛Bcnb≥

\ne]mSpIƒ°v henb ]n¥pW e`n®ncp∂p. H≥]Xv

h¿jw am{Xw \o≠ sa{Xmt∏meoØ≥ ip{iqj

Ahkm\n°p∂ ImeØv I∏tZm®nbbn¬ am{Xa√

kotdm ]eÃo\nb≥ {]tZißfnepw _tkentbm

kns‚ \nJymhnizmkhniIe\w {]mtZinI kp\

ltZmkpIfn¬ AwKoIcn°s∏´p.

tIhew cm{„obamb Hcp \o°ambncp∂n√ CXv.

]n¬°meØv \knbm≥knse sa{Xm\pw {]K¬`



hm‹nbpw ssZhimkv{X⁄\pambn {]kn≤\mb

{KnKdn (_tkentbmkns‚ kl]mTn) Atßb‰w

A¥¿apJ\mb Hcp hy‡nbmbncp∂p. _tken

tbmkns‚ XpS¿®bmb \n¿_‘an√mbncps∂¶n¬

Hcp]s£ k`bpsS apJy[mcbn¬ Hcn°epw At±lw

D≠mIpambncp∂n√. AXpt]mse amkntUmWnb≥

]mjfiXsb FXn¿°m≥ ktlmZc\pw \n mbnse

sa{Xm\pamb {KnKdnbpsS AKm[amb ⁄m\sØ

_tkentbmkv D]tbmKn°p∂p≠v. Kpcpÿm\o

b\mb saenØntbmkns‚ \ne]mSpIsf kzm[o\n®v,

At±lsØ \nJym kXyhnizmkØns‚ ]£

tØ°v sIm≠ph∂Xv _tkentbmkns‚ as‰mcp

hnPbambn. ]pWyhms\∂v {]kn≤\mbncp∂

saenØntbmkv \nJymhnizmk ]£tØ°v amdnbXv

A¿≤ Bcnb≥ ]£°msc XnI®pw Zp¿_es∏Sp

Ønb kw`hamWv.

i{Xp]£Øv \nebpd∏n®hcn¬ t]mepw \∑Iƒ

Is≠Øn Ahsb k`bv°v KpWIcam°m≥

_tkentbmkv {ian®p. Bcnb≥ Bibßsf

A\pIqen°pIbpw A®S° hnjbØn¬ kp\l

tZmkpIfn¬ \n∂pt]mepw XncpØepIƒ

hmßpIbpw sNbvX Bfmbncp∂p sk_msÃbnse

HkvXmØntbmkv. AXpt]mse \nJymbnse

kXyhnizmkØn\p th≠n t]mcmSnsb¶nepw

tbip{InkvXphns‚ a\pjykz`mhØns‚ ]q¿ÆX

\ntj[n®Xphgn ]n¬°meØv i]n°s∏´ BfmWv

ethmZoIybnse As∏m≈n\mcnkv. ssZhimkv{X

Øns‚ hncp≤ {[phßfnembncp∂ Ch¿ c≠pt]cpw

_tkentbmkns‚ kplrØp°fmbncp∂p. HkvXm

Øntbmkns‚ k∂ymk Z¿i\Ønse sa®s∏´

Bibßfpw As∏m≈n\mcnkv Bcnbqkns\Xncmbn

FgpXnb Bibßfpw _tkentbmkv kzoIcn°p

Ibpw k`bpsS apJy[mcbnseØn°pIbpw

sNbvXn´p≠v. F∂mepw c≠pt]cpsSbpw sX‰pIsf

\ninXambpw kXyk‘ambpw At±lw hna¿in°p

Ibpw sNbvXp.

s]mXpth k`bpsS ip{iqjm cwKßfn¬ D≈h¿,

sa{Xm∑mcpw sshZnIcpw k∂ykvXcpw, ip{iqjbn¬

hcpØp∂ hogvNIsf At±lw ITn\amb `mjbn¬

Xs∂ hna¿in®n´p≠v. CXv BZyw Xs∂ kqNn∏n®

k`m\hoIcW ]≤XnbpsS `mKambn´mWv \ap°v

a\ nemhpI. ip{iqjm ÿm\ßfnep≈hcpsS

ssZhZØamb kn≤nIsf k`mPohnXØns‚

s]mXp[mcbnte°v ]camh[n Bhmln°pI,

AhcpsS Xn∑Isf hy‡n]camb XncpØeneqsS

t\cnSpI F∂v _tkentbmkns‚ I¿Ω ]≤Xnsb

Npcp°nsbgpXmw. k∂ymk {]ÿm\Øns‚

\∑Isf k`bpsS s]mXpPohnXØnte°v DƒtN¿

°p∂ {]{Inb°v {InbmflIambn XpS°w Ipdn®p

F∂ Ncn{X]camb khntijXIqSn Cu I¿Ω

]≤Xn°p≠v.

I¿ΩIpie\pw I¿°i_p≤nbpamb `cWm[n

Imcn Bbncns° Xs∂ Xs‚ ip{iqj°v Iognep≈

P\tØmSv Atßb‰w ImcpWy]q¿hw s]cpamdp

∂Xn¬ _tkentbmkv {i≤mephmbncp∂p. sa{Xm

\mb tijw ss]XrIkzØn¬ Ahtijn®Xp

apgph≥ hn‰v cq]Xbnse Zcn{Z¿°v Zm\w sNbvXp.

kaqlw Adt∏msS am‰n\ndpØnbncp∂ ]cky

]m]nIsft∏mepw ZbthmsS kao]n°p∂ _tken

tbmkns\ At±lØns‚ FgpØpIfn¬ ImWmhp

∂XmWv. hgnbm{X°m¿°v A∂whnfºp∂ ip{iq

jbn¬ At±lw hy‡n]cambnØs∂ Dƒs]´ncp∂p

F∂v ]dbs∏Sp∂p. {Ko°v ]mcºcyØn¬ h¿jm

cw`Øn¬ Ip´nIƒ°v kΩm\hpambn kμ¿in°m

s\Øp∂ kcflrZb\mb ]nXmhmbn _tken

tbmkv A\pkvacn°s∏Sp∂Xv Pohn®ncns°Øs∂

{]Io¿Øn°s∏´ Cu ImcpWyw ImcWamhWw.

ssZh`h\Øns‚ almhnf°v

k`mNcn{XImc≥ IqSnbmb XnbsUmsd‰ v

_tkentbmkns\ hntijn∏n°p∂Xv Aßs\

bmWv. \memw \q‰m≠ns‚ Ahkm\Øn¬ hnizm

k]chpw [m¿anIhpamb {]Xnk‘nbn¬ AIs∏´p

t]mb ss{IkvXhkaqlsØ kuJys∏SpØm≥

ssZhw A`ntjIw sNbvXb® alm CSb\mbncp∂p

At±lw. BZysagpXnbXv Bh¿Øn°s´, k`mNcn

{XØnepw ssZhimkv{XØnepw D≈ kzm[o\w

]cnKWn®m¬ At±ltØmfw XesbSp∏p≈

A[nIwt]¿ ss{IkvXh Ncn{XØn¬ C√. CXpIqSn

]cnKWn®mhWw ]uckvXy]mcºcyØn¬ a{^nbm

∑mcpsS HutZymKnI \maambn At±lØns‚ \maw

\n›bn®ncn°p∂Xv.

ae¶c ItØmen°m k`sb kw_‘n®nS

tØmfw am¿ _tkentbmkns‚ k∂ymk BZ¿

ißsf B[mcam°nbmWv ]p\sscIyØns‚

\mμnbmb _Y\n {]ÿm\w ssZhZmk≥ am¿

Cuhm\ntbmkv Xncpta\n Bcw`n®sX∂ Ncn{X

kXyw hnip≤s‚ ss]XrItØmSv \sΩ tN¿Øp

\n¿Øp∂p. At±lØns‚ \maw kzoIcn®ncn°p∂

\ΩpsS alm {][m\mNmcy∑msc B \maØn\p

tbmPn® Zm\ßƒ \¬In A\p{Kln® ssZhIr]bv°v

\μnb¿∏n°mw. `cWIpieX sIm≠v alm\mb am¿

_tkentbmkns\ Hm¿Ωn∏n® k`bpsS H∂mw

ImtXmen°m kndn¬ _tkentbmkv _mhmsbbpw

ka\zbØns‚bpw ImcpWyØns‚bpw ip{iqj

sIm≠v hnip≤s\ \nc¥cw Hm¿Ωn∏n°p∂ A`nhμy

_tkentbmkv ¢oaokv ImtXmen°m_mhmsbbpw

ssZhk∂n[nbn¬ \μntbmsS Hm¿°mw.



Ipcninse kl\ØneqsSbpw, acWØn

eqsSbpw {InkvXp t\Snb hnPbØns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ DZbw sNbvX {InkvXob hnizmkwkl\Øns‚ Bgw I≠dn™ ssZhoI kwlnX

bmWv. a\pjyt¢ißfpsS B¥coI A¿∞wAt\zjn°pI am{Xa√ klPohnkv--t\lØneq∂nF√m a\pjycpsSbpw ZpcnXßsfbpw ZpxJßsfbpw

]cnlcn°p∂Xn\v ap∂Wnt]mcmfnIfmbn \n¬°p∂Xpw Cu Ipcnin¬ acn®hs‚ A\pbmbnIƒXs∂bmWv. Xs‚ ]utcmlnXy ip{iqjbnepS\ofw

{InkvXphns‚ kl\ßtfmSv tN¿∂v \n¬°m≥Blzm\w sNbvX hn. ]ms{Z ]ntbm F∂k\ymksshZnI≥ Xs∂bmWv “thZ\n°p∂hcpsSBizmk`h\w” F∂ t]cn¬ Xs‚ ktlmZc

ßfpsS IÆo¿ H∏p∂Xn\v BXpcmebw Bcw`n°p∂Xpw. C∂v bqtdm∏nse Xs∂ G‰w alXzcambCu BXpcip{iqjm tI{μØneqsS At\Imbncßƒ

tbiphns‚ kuJyØns‚ Ickv]¿iw A\p`hn°p∂p. Xs‚ ]utcmlnXy ip{iqj apgph≥Ipcninse {InkvXphpambn´p≈ Hcp IuZminI

sFIyambn tN¿Øph® hn.]ms{Z ]ntbmbpsS

PohnXsØbpw {]h¿Ø\ßsfbpw, ]ms{Z ]ntbm

Xo¿∞mS\ tZhmebsØbpw ]cnNbs∏SpØpIbmWv Cu teJ\Øns‚ Dt±iw.

C‰enbpsS Z£nW`mKØmbn s^m÷nbm

t{]mhn≥knep≈ C∂v ap∏Xn\mbnctØmfw P\ßƒ

A[nhkn°p∂ Hcp {]tZiamWv km≥ sPmhm∂n

sdmt´s≠m. ChnsSbp≈ hn. ]ms{Z ]ntbm

Xo¿∞mS\ tI{μw kμ¿in°m\mbn Hcp h¿jw

Fgp]Xv e£Øne[nIw hnizmknIfmWv

temIØns‚ hnhn[ ̀ mKßfn¬ \n∂pw FØp∂Xv.

]ms{Z ]ntbm F∂ hnip≤≥ Xs‚ PohnXØnse

A≥]Xne[nIw h¿j°mew ChnsSbmWv hkn®Xv.

1916 Pqsse apX¬ 1968 sk]v‰w_¿ hsc

At±lØns‚ I¿Ωafieambncp∂p km≥

sPmhm∂n sdmt´s≠m. C∂v AhnsSbp≈

at\mlcamb tZhmebw ]Wn ]q¿Ønbm°n IqZmi

sNøp∂Xv 2004 Pqsse amkØnemWv. Cu

tZhmebtØmSp tN¿∂v ]ms{Z ]ntbm ÿm]n®

NnIn’mebw temI{]ikvXamb sshZyimkv{X

KthjW tI{μw IqSnbmWv.

k`bnse {][m\ Xo¿∞mS\ tI{μßƒ˛11

dh. tUm. amXyp Nm¿Øm°pgnbn¬

C‰enbnsekm≥ sPmhm∂n sdmt´s≠m]ms{Z ]ntbmXo¿∞mS\ tZhmebw



]m]nIfpsS am\km¥cØn\mbn Xs∂

Øs∂ Hcp BflXymKambn {InkvXphn\v ka¿∏n®

]pWymflmhv {InkvXphn\p th≠n At\Iw

Bflm°sf t\SnsbSp°p∂Xn\v D]IcW

ambnØo¿∂p. At±lØns‚ Hma\Xzhpw, \njv°

f¶Xbpw, Ffnabpw, {]k∂Xbpw, Xm\pambn

_‘s∏´ F√mhcnte°pw At±lw kw{Ian∏n®p.

“Hcp {InkvXym\nbpsS PohnXw Ft∏mgpw

\nc¥camb kacamWv. Xs‚Xs∂ {]hW

XIƒs°Xnsc \SØp∂ Cu t]mcm´Øn¬ thZ\

A\p`hn°msX Hcmflmhpw ]q¿ÆXbnseØp

Ibn√'' F∂ ]ms{Z ]ntbmbpsS hN\ßƒ

At±lØns‚ PohnXØns‚ Xs∂ Hcp t\¿

tcJbmWv. Cu hnip≤≥ Pohn®ncp∂t∏mƒ

kwk¿§w sNøm≥ ̀ mKyw kn≤n®hcn¬ ]ecpw B

A\p`hsØ°pdn®p Ct∏mgpw km£n°p∂p.

At±lsØ t\cn¬ I≠h¿°v Xßƒ

{InkvXphns‚ {]Xncq]sØ ImWp∂p F∂

Nn¥bmWv Dfhmbncp∂Xv. ]ms{Z ]ntbmbpsS

hnip≤ _enb¿∏Wßƒ At\Iw ]m]nIsf

am\km¥cØnte°pw N©e NnØsc hnizmk

ZrVXbnte°pw B\bn®ncp∂p.

C‰enbnse t\∏nƒkv \KcØn\SpØp≈

]nbs{X¬No\ F∂ sNdp {KmaØn¬ 1887 sabv 25˛\v

{Kmkntbm amcntbm s^m¿tPmWbpsSbpw acnb

Pqtk∏bpsSbpw c≠masØ ]p{X\mbn ]ms{Z

]ntbm P\n®p. hnip≤ {^m≥knkv A nkntbmSp≈

`‡n ImcWw {^ms©kv --tIm F∂ \maw

amXm]nXm°ƒ Ah\p \¬In. s^m¿PntbmsW

IpSpw_w ]mhs∏´hcmbncp∂psh¶nepw Irjn

sNøp∂Xn\p≈ Ipsd \nesams° Ah¿°p

≠mbncp∂p. hoSn\SpØp≈ hnip≤ A∂bpsS

]≈nbn¬ {^ms©kv--tImbv°v amtamZok \¬In.

hf¿∂t∏mƒ ChnsSØs∂bmWv Hcp AƒØmc

_me\mbn {^ms©kv--tIm ip{iqj sNbvXXpw.

]n∂oSv At±lØns‚ Cfb ktlmZcn {Km nb (1894-

˛1969) {_nPnØn≥ k\ymk kaqlØn¬ tN¿∂v Hcp

k\ymkn\nbmbnØo¿∂p.

henb `‡cmb amXm]nXm°∑m¿ F√m

Znhkhpw tZhmebØn¬ hnip≤ Ip¿_m\bn¬

kw_‘n°pIbpw, sshIpt∂cßfn¬ IpSpw_ambn

P]ame {]m¿∞\ \SØpIbpw sNbvXncp∂p.

\nc£cmbncps∂¶nepw ss__nƒ IYIfpw

hnip≤amcpsS PohNcn{Xßfpsams° XßfpsS

a°ƒ°v ]d™p sImSp°p∂Xn\v amXm]nXm°∑m¿

{i≤n®ncp∂p. hfsc sNdp {]mbØn¬ Xs∂ X\n°v

ssZhoI hgnbneqsS k©cn°m\p≈ \ntbmKamWv

e`n®ncn°p∂sX∂v {^ms©kv--tIm Xncn®dn™n

cp∂p. ASpØ {KmaØn¬\n∂pw {^ms©kv--tImbpsS

{KmaØnseØn ]mhßƒ°v th≠n `n£

tXSnbncp∂ {^m≥knkv--°≥ I∏qNy≥ k\ymkn

{^m Iant√mbpsS kwkmc˛{]h¿Ø\ ssien

Ip™p {^ms©kv--tImsb hfscb[nIw BI¿

jn®p. B{iaØn¬ tN¿∂Xn\v tijw {^m

Iant√mbpsS at\mlcamb XmSnbnepw aoibnepw

BI¿jWw tXm∂nbmWv k\ymkw kzoIcn®sX∂v

Xamibmbn ]ms{Z ]ntbm ]d™n´p≠v.

Xosc sNdp{]mbØn¬ Xs∂ {^ms©kv--tImbv°v

Z¿i\ßfpw ssZhw \¬Ip∂ Bflob shfn

]mSpIfpw D≠mbn´pWv. F∂m¬ CXv F√m

Ip´nIƒ°pw D≠mIp∂XmsW∂mWv Ip™p{^m

s©kv--tIm A∂v [cn®ncp∂Xv. {]mYanI hnZym`ym

kØn\v tijw {^ms©kv--tImbpsS \n¿_‘w

kln°hømsX ho´n¬ \n∂pw Ccp]Xv Intemao‰¿

ZqcØnep≈ sam¿t°mtW F∂ ÿesØ I∏qNy≥

B{iaØn¬ tNcp∂Xn\mbn amXm]nXm

°∑m¿ Ahs\bpw sIms≠Øn. F∂m¬ IqSpX¬

hnZym`ymkw t\SnbXn\v tijw XncnsI hcm\p≈

\n¿tZiw \¬In B{iam[nImcnIƒ Ahsc XncnsI

Ab®p. Xs‚ A∂sØ tPmenbn¬ \n∂pw In´p∂

hcpam\w sIm≠v a°fpsS hnZym`ymkw apt∂m v́

sIm≠pt]mhpI Akm≤ysa∂p Xncn®dn™

{Kmkntbm s^m¿tPmsW IqSpX¬ hcpam\ap≈

tPmentXSn Atacn°bnte°v I∏¬ Ibdn.

]nXmhns‚ Akm∂n≤yw ̀ h\Øn¬ _p≤nap´pIƒ

D≠m°nsb¶nepw {^ms©kv--tImbv°pw ktlmZc

ßƒ°pw ]nXmhns‚ hcpam\w ImcWw sa®amb



hnZym`ymkw e`n®p. Xs‚ ]Xn\©masØ hb n¬

{^ms©kv--tIm 1903 P\phcn 6˛\v I∏qNy≥

B{iaØn¬ t\mhnkv Bbn tNcp∂p. Cu

AhkcØn¬ “ssZh`‡≥” F∂¿∞w hcp∂

]ntbm F∂ ]pXnb \maw kzoIcn°pIbpw sNbvXp.

]n∂oSv At±lØns‚ t]cnt\mSv tN¿°s∏´ “]ms{Z”(^mZ¿) k\ymksshZnI≥ F∂ A¿∞Øn¬

C‰menb≥ ̀ mjbn¬ ]ptcmlnXsc hnfn®ncp∂XmWv.

“ssZh`‡\mb ]ptcmlnX≥” F∂ at\mlcamb

\maØn\\pkcn®p≈ Hcp PohnXambncp∂p

At±lØnt‚sX∂Xn\v Ncn{Xw km£n.

aeapIfnep≈ as‰mcp B{iaØnte°v am‰nsb

¶nepw henb hyXymkw ImWmbvIbm¬ ]gb

B{iaØnte°v tUmŒ¿amcpsS \n¿tZi

{]Imcw XncnsIsbØn®p. Cu Ahÿbnepw

At±lØns‚ ]T\w XpScpIbpw 1910˛¬ s_\

sht‚m IØo{Uen¬ h®v B¿®v_nj]v ]utfm

jnt\mkn ]ntbmsb sshZnI\mbn A`ntjNn

°pIbpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬ tcmKw ImcWw Ipsd

h¿jßƒ IpSpw_tØmsSm∏w Ignbm≥ At±l

sØ A[nImcnIƒ A\phZn®p.

hnip≤ {^m≥knkv A oknbpsS {]mcw`

ssNX\yw ]p\¿÷ohn∏n°pI F∂ e£ytØmsS

1525˛¬ {^m≥knk-vI≥ k\ymk kaqlØns‚

`mKambn ]ndhnsIm≠XmWv I∏qNy≥ k\ymkw.

“I∏qNy≥” F∂Xv “intcmhkv{Xw” F∂Xns‚

C‰menb≥ hm°mWv. A°meØp sNdnb

kaqlambn hkn®psIm≠v ̀ n£mS\w \SØn Pohn®

k\ymknIfmbncp∂p Ch¿. ]mhßsf ip{iqjn

°p∂Xnepw kphntij {]tLmjWw \SØp∂

Xnepambncp∂p ChcpsS {i≤ tI{μoIcn®ncp∂Xv.

]Xnt\gmasØ hb n¬ Ieiemb

tcmK]oUIƒ ]ntbmsb Ae´p∂p≠mbncp∂p. Cu

kabØv hni∏v \„s∏SpIbm¬ ]m¬ am{Xw IpSn®p

At±lØn\v Pohnt°≠n h∂p. sNdp∏Ønse

ssZhoI Z¿i\ßfpw shfn]mSpIfpw IqSpX¬

BgØn¬ Ct∏mƒ ho≠pw D≠mIphm≥ XpSßn.

Xev^ebambn ]ntbm {]m¿∞\m kabØv

D∑mZØnemhpIbpw a‰p≈h¿°v AZriy\mhpIbpw

sNøpambncp∂p. At±lØn‚ IqsSbp≈ sshZn

Icn¬ Nne¿ At±lw Xdbn¬ \n∂pw Db¿∂p

t]mhp∂Xv I≠Xmbn km£ys∏SpØpIbpw

sNbvXn´p≠v. tcmKw t`ZamIp∂Xn\mbn ]ntbmsb

1916˛¬ km≥ sPmhm∂n sdmt´t¥m F∂

ÿesØ Ir]mhc amXmhns‚ \maØnep≈

I∏qNy≥ B{iaØnte°v ]ntbm Ab°s∏´p. Cu

{]tZiw A∂v \KcØn¬ \n∂pw hnZqcØnep≈

hfsc ]mhs∏´ BfpIƒ A[nhkn®ncp∂ Hcp

ÿeambncp∂p. ChnsSbmWv Xs‚ acWwhscbp≈

A≥]Xv h¿j°metØmfw ]n∂oSv ]ms{Z ]ntbm

Xmakn®Xv. \t∂ sNdp∏Øn¬Øs∂ tbiphpw,

amXmhpw, Imh¬ amemJmamcpambpw kw`mjWw

\SØnbncp∂ ]ms{Z ]ntbm {]mb]q¿Ønbmb

tXmsS AXns‚ Bghpw A¿∞hpw IqSpX¬

a\ nem°m≥ XpSßn. CsXms° X\n°v

]m]nIfmb Bflm°ƒ°pth≠n {]mb›nØw

A\pjvTn°p∂Xn\p≈ AhkcamsW∂v At±lw

Xncn®dn™p.

1910 sk]v‰w_¿ amkØn¬ Xs‚ Ccp]Øn

aq∂masØ hb nemWv BZyambn I¿Ømhns‚

XncpapdnhpIfpsS e£Wßƒ ]ms{Z ]ntbmbpsS

ssIØeØn¬ {]Xy£s∏´p XpSßnbXv. At±

lsØ ]cntim[n® tUmŒ¿°v F¥psIm≠mWv

Cßs\ kw`hn°p∂sX∂v \n›ban√mbncp∂p. Cu

kabØv AhnSpsØ CShI hnImcntbmSv tN¿∂v



CXv amdn°n´p∂Xn\v th≠n ]ms{Z ]ntbm

ssZhtØmSv {]m¿∞n®p. F∂m¬ CXv

amdnt∏mbns√∂v am{Xa√ A[nIw XmaknbmsX

Im¬∏mZßfnepw kam\amb apdnhpIƒ D≠mhm≥

XpSßn. CsXm∂pw t]mcm™n´v tbiphns‚

apƒ°ncoSØns‚ thZ\Ifpw C°mebfhn¬

At±lw A\p`hnt°≠n h∂Xmbn km£ys∏Sp

Ønbn´p≠v.

H∂mw temIalmbp≤Øn¬ \n¿_‘nX

ssk\nI tkh\w sNøp∂Xn\mbn km≥ sPmhm∂n

sdmt´t¥mbnse B{iaØn¬ \n∂pw \mev

k\ymknIƒ Xncs™Sp°s∏´t∏mƒ B{ia

Øns‚ F√m DØchmZnXzßfpw ]ms{Z ]ntbmbpsS

Npaenembn. ]n∂oSv 1915˛¬ ]ms{Z ]ntbmtbbpw

ssk\ytkh\Øn\mbn Xncs™SpsØ¶nepw

sshZy ]cntim[\bn¬ ]cmPbs∏´p. F∂m¬ 1918

hsc ]e {]mhiyw At±lsØ ssk\y

tkh\Øn\v hnfn°pIbpw BtcmKyIcW

ßfm¬ At∏msg√mw hońte°v XncnsI

Ab°pIbpw sNbvXp. bp≤m\¥cw XßfpsS

PohnXw ]p\¿\n¿Ωn°m≥ Bcw`n® B {]tZisØ

P\ßƒ ]ms{Z ]ntbmbn¬ ssZhw Xßƒ°m

sbmcp°nb {]XymibpsS Xncn\mfw Is≠Øp

Ibmbncp∂p. At±lØns‚ ASpØv hnhn[

BhiyßfpsS {]m¿∞\m \ntbmKßfpambn

h∂h¿ ssZhw ]ms{Z ]ntbmbv°v \¬Inb BfloI

\¬hcßfpsS Iehd Xpd°m≥ Ahkcw kr„n®p.

At±lØn\p≠mbncp∂ hcßfn¬ NneXv ChbmWv:

tcmKkuJyw, Htc kabw c≠p ÿeØp

ImWs∏SpI, \neØp\n∂pw Db¿∂p t]mhpI, ̀ mhn

ap≥Iqń {]hNn°pI, A¤pXßƒ {]h¿Øn°pI,

BgvNItfmfw hnip≤Ip¿_m\ am{Xw `£n®p

Pohn°pI, a‰p≈hcpsS a\ v hmbn°pI,

`mjmhctØmsS kwkmcn°pI, ]m]nIsfam\km¥cØnte°p \bn°pI, apdnhn¬\n∂pw

kpK‘w {]kcn∏n°pI. Cu hcßfn¬hgnAt\I¿°v ssZhoI A\p{Klßƒ [mcmfambn\evIs∏´psIm≠ncp∂p.

F√m BgvNbnepw Hcp°tØmsS Ipºkmcn°p∂Xv s]mSn ]nSn®pInS°p∂ Hcp `h\w Hcmƒ

]Xnhmbn hrØnbm°p∂Xpt]msebmsW∂mWv]ms{Z ]ntbm ]d™ncp∂Xv . AXpt]msecmhnsebpw sshIpt∂chpw [ym\hpw Bfltim

[\bpw \n¿_‘ambpw \SØWsa∂pw Xs‚AcnIn¬ Bflob D]tZiw tXSnsbØp∂htcmSvAt±lw \n¿tZin®ncp∂p. At±lØns‚hm°pIfn¬

{InkvXobXsb∂m¬ “{]m¿∞n°pI, {]Xymin°p∂]ns∂ H∂ns\bpw `b°mXncn°pI” F∂{]mtbmKnI Nn¥bn¬ A[njvTnXamWv. {InkvXob

hnizmknIƒ ssZhsØ F√mbnSØpw Z¿in®pF√mØnepap]cnbmbn ssZhsØ B{Kln®pssZhlnXw am{Xw \ndtht‰≠hcmWv F∂v At±lw

ÿncambn ]d™ncp∂p.

]ms{Z ]ntbmbpsS G‰w henb kw`mh\ At±lw1925˛¬ ]gb Hcp tIm¨sh‚ns‚ sIńSw hmßn

]mhs∏´ tcmKnIfpsS NnIn’m¿Øw Hcp sNdnb

Bip]{Xn Bcw`n®XmWv. ]n∂oSv 1940˛¬ ]pXnb Hcp

Bip]{Xn F∂ Bibw hcnIbpw AXns‚

\n¿ΩmWØn\mbn Hcp kanXn cq]hXv°cn°pIbpw

sNbvXp. C‰enbn¬ \n∂pw temIØns‚ ]e

`mKßfn¬ \n∂pw At\I¿ Cu kwcw`Øn¬

]¶mfnIfmbnØo¿∂p. Aßs\ “thZ\n°p∂hcpsS

Bizmk`h\w” (Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza)1956-˛¬ DXv--LmS\w sNøs∏´p. {InkvXphns‚

AXnthZ\ ASpØdnbm≥ `mKyw kn≤n® ]ms{Z

]ntbm a‰p≈hcpsS thZ\Iƒ eLqIcn°p∂Xn\v

X∂memhp∂sX√mw sNbvXp. Pohn®ncp∂t∏mƒ Cu

Bip]{Xnbnse ÿncw kμ¿iI\mbncp∂ At±lw

]dbpambncp∂p: “tcmKnbmbncn°p∂cpsS D≈n¬

tbiphmWv kln°p∂Xv. ]mhs∏´hcpw

tcmKnIfpambncn°p∂hcn¬ tbip c≠paSßp

k∂nlnX\mbncn°p∂p”.]ehn[ ImcWßfm¬ k`bv°IØpw ]pdØpw

\nch[n {]Xn_‘ßƒ ]ms{Z ]ntbm t\cn´p.

At±lØns\Xnsc A]hmZ {]NcWßfpsS Hcp

tLmjbm{XXs∂ D≠mbn. XXvêambn 1920



ImeL´Øn¬ hØn°m≥ At±lØn\v Nne

hne°pIƒ G¿s∏SpØn. ]ckyambn Ip¿_m\

sNm√pI, BfpIsf Bio¿hZn°pI, FgpØpIƒ°v

adp]Sn Ab°pI F∂nhbnep≠mb hne°vAt±lØn\p≠mb \ntcm[\ßfn¬ NneXvam{Xambncp∂p. km≥ sPmhm∂n sdmt´t¥m

B{iaØn¬ \n∂pw At±lsØ as‰mcpÿetØbv°v am‰m\p≈ Xocpam\w Xt±ihmknIfpsS elf `b∂v Dt]£nt°≠n h∂p.

C°mebfhn¬ At±lØns‚ BtcmKyÿnXnsb°pdn®pw, {]tXyIn®p XncpapdnhpIsf°pdn®pw ]Tn°p∂Xn\v ]e sshZyimkv{X,

ssZhimkv{X kwLßtfbpw NpaXes∏SpØn.Ahcn¬ Nnescms° At±lsØ A\pIqen®pw a‰pNne¿ {]XnIqen®pw dnt]m¿´pIƒ D≠m°n.

F∂m¬ Cu kabØpw ]ms{Z ]ntbm Xs‚tPmenIƒ A`wKpcw ssZhoI A\pkcWtbmsS

XpS¿∂psImt≠bncp∂p. At±lw {]hrØn®[mcmfw A¤pXßfn¬ H∂v am{Xw ChnsS ]dbp∂p.1947˛¬ knknenbn¬ \n∂p≈ sPΩ F∂ A‘bmb

s]Ïpń Xs‚ heyΩbpsS IqsS ]ms{Z ]ntbmsbkμ¿in°m≥ AhnsSsbØn. IpºkmcØn\v tijwA\p{Klw hmßm≥ ad∂v t]mb s]Ïpńsbbpw

sIm≠v At±lØns‚ ASpØv h∂ Ah¿ Ahƒ°vImgvN e`n°p∂Xn\v th≠n {]m¿∞n°Wsa∂vAt±ltØmSv At]£n®p. AXn\v At±lØns‚adp]Sn C{]Imcambncp∂p: “\nßtfm B Ipńtbm

Ictb≠Xn√, Fs¥∂m¬ Ahƒ ImgvNbp≈hfmWv... Ahƒ ImWp∂p F∂v \nßƒ°dnbmw”.Ahƒ A¤pXIcambn ImgvN {]m]n®hfmbn

XncnsIt∏mbn. F∂m¬ CsXm∂pw Xs‚Fs¥¶nepw {]tXyI kn≤nsIm≠v kw`hn°p∂XmsW∂v ]ms{Z ]ntbm AhImis∏ńcp∂ns√∂v

am{Xa√, Aßs\bp≈ kw`hßƒ t_m[]q¿hwad®p hbv°p∂Xn\v {ian°pIbpw sNbvXncp∂p.

C°mebfhnsems° Bflobambpw, imcocnIambpw ss]imNnI B{IaWßƒ ]ms{Z]ntbmbv°v t\cntS≠n h∂n´p≠v. Nnet∏mƒ

ss]imNnI i‡nIƒ amemJamcpsS cq]Øn¬{]Xy£s]´p sX‰mb ktμißƒ \¬IpIbpw,At±lØns‚ hkv{Xw hen®pIodpIbpw, imcocnI

£Xßƒ G¬∏n°pIbpw sNbvXncp∂p. Xs∂`bs∏SpØm\mbn òIc cq]nIfmbn ]nimNp°ƒ{]Xy£s∏Sp∂Xns\°pdn®p ]ms{Z ]ntbm Xs‚

B[ymflnI ]nXmhnt\mSv hniZambn shfns∏SpØnbn´p≠v. ss]imNnI _‘\Ønembncn°p∂BfpIƒ ]ms{Z ]ntbmbpsS Ipºkmc°qSns\

kao]n°ptºmgpw, Ahsc hntamNn∏n°ptºmgpw]nimNns‚ B{IaWw D≠mImdp≠mbncp∂p.hnip≤ tPm¨ hnbm\n°p≠mbXn\v kam\ambn

cp∂p CØcw ]oV\ßƒ.

“bqtdm∏ns‚ BfllXy” F∂v s_\UnŒv]Xn\©ma≥ am¿∏m∏ hntijn∏n® H∂mw

temIalmbp≤w Ahkm\n°p∂Xn\mbn ]ms{Z]ntbm Xs∂Øs∂ Hcp bmKambn ssZhXncpap≥]n¬ ka¿∏n®p. Cu Imebfhn¬ Xs∂bmWv

Hcp Z¿i\Øn¬ tbip ]ms{Z ]ntbmtbm°v{]Xy£s∏Sp∂Xpw XXvêambn At±lØns‚amdnepw tbiphns‚ Xncpapdnhn\v kam\amb apdnhv

D≠mIp∂Xpw. At±lØns‚ klsshZnIcnsemcmƒ

At∏mƒ ]ms{Z ]ntbm arXs\t∏mse ImW

s∏´psh∂pw ssZhw Xs∂ Dt]£n®p F∂ coXnbn¬

At±lw IcbpIbpw s\Spho¿∏nSpIbpw sNbvX

Xmbpw tcJs∏SpØnbn´p≠v. (Cu A\p

`hsØ°pdn®p ]ms{Z ]ntbmbpw hniZambn

FgpXnbn´p≠v).

tPm\mY≥ IzoSv\n F∂ Atacn°≥ ]{X{]h¿

ØI≥ Xs‚ “\q‰m≠ns‚ a\pjy≥” F∂ tPm¨

t]mƒ c≠ma≥ am¿∏m∏sb°pdn®p≈ ]pkvX

IØn¬ Hmkv{Snb≥ I¿±n\mfmbncp∂ A¬t^m≥kv

Ãn¢sd D≤cn®psIm≠v 1947˛¬ ̂ m. Itcmƒ tPmk v̂

thmbv‰ne (hn.tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠ma≥) ]ms{Z

]ntbmbpsS AcnIn¬ [ym\Øn\mbn FØnbt∏mƒ

At±lØns‚ ̀ mhnbnse DØchmZnXzßsf°pdn®p

]d™Xns\°pdn®p ]dbp∂p. k`bnse henb

D∂Xamb ÿm\tØbv°v ssZhw At±lsØ

Hcp°p∂psh∂v ]ms{Z ]ntbm ]d™p. I¿±n\mƒ

Ãn¢dns‚ hm°pIfn¬ tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠ma≥

I¿±n\mfmbt∏mƒ Cu {]hN\w \ndthds∏´p F∂v

At±lw hnizkn®p F∂v ]dbp∂p. (hn.tPm¨ t]mƒ

c≠mas‚ sk{I´dn Bbncp∂ I¿±n\mƒ

Ã\n…mthmkv kvNohnjv AØcw Hcp {]hN\w

\S∂nńs√∂ A`n{]mbamWv {]ISn∏n®n´p≈Xv.

am¿∏m∏bpsS PohNcn{XImc\mb tPm¿Pv sshK¬

Hcmg vN [ym\Øn\pw {]m¿∞

\bv°pambn tdmanse ]T\ImeØv hn.tPm¨ t]mƒ

c≠ma≥ ]ms{Z ]ntbmbpsS ASpØv t]mbXns\

°pdn®p ]dbps∂¶nepw {]hN\sØ°pdn®p au\w

]men°p∂p). 1962˛¬ {Imt°mhnse X\n°v {]nbs∏´

Hcp tUmŒdns‚ tcmKkuJyØn\mbn I¿±n\mƒ

shmbv‰oe FgpXpIbpw ]ms{Z ]ntbmbpsS

{]m¿∞\mbm¬ Ah¿°v kuJyw e`n°pIbpw

sNbvXXmbn tcJIƒ D≠v.

[mcmfw FXn¿∏pIƒ D≠mbncp∂psh¶nepw,

am¿∏m∏mamcpƒs∏sSbp≈ At\IcpsS ]n¥pWbpw

]ms{Z ]ntbmbv°v D≠mbncp∂p. ]nbqkv ]Xns\m∂mw

am¿∏m∏ ]ms{Z ]ntbmsb°pdn®p sX‰mb hnhc

ßemWv a‰p≈h¿ X\n°v X∂ncp∂Xv F∂v

]d™psIm≠v s]mXpIp¿_m\ A¿∏n°p∂Xn\v

At±lØn\p≠mbncp∂ hne°v FSpØpIf™p.

]nbqkv ]{¥≠ma≥ am¿∏m∏ hnizmknIƒ ]ms{Z



]ntbmsb kμ¿in°p∂Xv t{]m’mln∏n®p. t]mƒ

Bdma≥ am¿∏m∏ ]ms{Z ]ntbms°Xnscbp≈ F√m

Btcm]Wßfpw X≈n°f™p. (At±lhpw

ktlmZc\pw ]ms{Z ]ntbmbpsS Bip]{Xn

°pth≠n t\csØ Xs∂ \nch[n klmbßƒ

sNbvXncp∂p).

1968 sk]v‰w_¿ 23˛\v F¨]sØm∂mw hb n¬

]ms{Z ]ntbm Xs‚ \nXykΩm\Øn\mbn

ssZhk∂n[nbnte°v IS∂p t]mbn. acn°p∂Xn\v

c≠p Znhkw ap≥]mbncp∂p At±lØn\v

XncpapdnhpIƒ e`n®n´ v A≥]Xv h¿jw

]q¿ØnbmbXv. AXns‚ ]nt‰Znhkw AhnsS

IqSnbncp∂ At\Imbncw Xo¿∞mSI¿°mbn

At±lw _enb¿∏n°pIbpw AXns‚ Ahkm\w

Xf¿∂p hogpIbpambncp∂p. F∂m¬ acn°p∂Xn\v

ap≥]v kpt_m[tØmsS Ipºkmcn°pIbpw Xs‚

{^m≥knkv--°≥ k\ymk {hXßƒ \hoIcn°p

Ibpw sNbvXp. P]amebpw ssIbnte¥n At±lw

“tbip, acnb” F∂v ]d™psIm≠mWv Xs‚

A¥yizmkw hen°p∂Xv. At±Øns‚ Ahkm\

\mfpIfn¬ IqsSbp≠mbncp∂h¿ Z¿in®

A¤pXßfnsem∂v ]ms{Z ]ntbmbpsS icocØn

ep≠mbncp∂ ]©£Xßƒ ]q¿Æambpw

A{]Xy£ambncn°p∂p F∂XmWv.

Pohn®ncp∂t∏mƒ Xs∂ At\I¿ hnip≤\mbn

I≠ncp∂ ]ms{Z ]ntbmsb 1999˛¬ tPm¨ t]mƒ

c≠ma≥ am¿∏m∏ hmgvØs∏´h\mbpw ]n∂oSv 2002

Pq¨ 16˛\v hnip≤\mbpw {]Jym]n®p. aq∂v

e£Øne[nIw BfpIfmWv A∂sØ \maIcW

\S]SnIfn¬ kw_‘n°p∂Xn\mbn hØn°m\n¬

FØnt®¿∂Xv.

]ms{Z ]ntbm Pohn®p acn® km≥ sPmhm∂n

sdmt´s≠mbnse ]pWyÿeßƒ kμ¿in°m≥

temIØns‚ hnhn[ tImWn¬ \n∂pw e£

°W°n\v Xo¿∞mSIcmWv Hmtcm h¿jhpw

FØp∂Xv. 2004 Pqsse 1˛\p tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠ma≥

am¿∏m∏ AhnsS ]pXpXmbn \n¿Ωn® ]ms{Z ]ntbm

Xo¿∞mS\ tZhmebhpw AXnt\mS\p_‘n®

Xo¿∞mS\ ÿeßfpw IqZmi sNbvXp. hn. ]ms{Z

]ntbmbpsS acWØn\v \mev]Xv h¿jØn\v tijw

2008 am¿®v 3˛\v At±lØns‚ icocw ]cky

hW°Øn\mbn hbv°pIbp≠mbn. icocØns‚

Nne ̀ mKßƒ Ct∏mgpw tISpIqSmsX ImWs∏Sp∂p

F∂mWv AXv t\cn´v I≠h¿ km£ys∏SpØn

bncn°p∂Xv.

{]K¤cmb H´\h[n hnip≤sc {]Zm\w sNbvX

C‰enbnse Ccp]Xmw \q‰m≠nse G‰w

hn{ipXX\pw, P\{]nb\pamb hnip≤\mWv ]ms{Z

]ntbm. Aßs\ Hcp]mSv kln®h≥ kl\Øns‚

{]Xn]pcpj\mbn ssZhP\Øns‚ lrZbØn¬ CSw

]nSn®ncn°p∂p. thZ\n°p∂ apdnhpIƒ icocØn¬

sIm≠p\S∂h≥ AXn¬\n∂pw hnip≤nbpsS

kpK‘w {]kcn∏n®p At\I¿°v ssZhoI A\p`qXn

{][m\w sNbvXp. B{iaØn\v ]pdØp A[nI

saßpw k©cn°mØh≥ temIØns‚ hnhn[

`mKßfnep≈h¿°v Akm[mcWamw hn[Øn¬

]et∏mgpw k∂nlnX\mbncp∂p.

aqhmbncØne[nIw “]ms{Z ]ntbm {]m¿∞\m

{Kp∏n¬” C∂v ap∏Xpe£Øne[nIw BfpIƒ

Dƒs∏Sp∂p. C∂pw ssZhØns‚ Icßfnse Hcp

A¤pX D]IcWamWv ]ms{Z ]ntbm. henb

hnZym`ymktam, Akm[mcW {]t_m[\ßtfm

ssIapXembp≠mbncp∂ Bfpambncp∂n√ At±lw.

F∂ncp∂mepw B sIm®p PohnXØns‚ km£yØn

eqsS k`sb khoIcn°m\pw IqSpX¬ ]cnip≤am

°m\pw ssZhw Xncpa\ mbn. ]utemkv «olmbpsS

hm°pIfn¬ “F¶nepw hn⁄m\nIsf e÷n∏n°m≥

temIZr„nbn¬ t`mj∑mcmbhsc ssZhw Xncs™

SpØp. i‡ambhsb e÷n∏n°m≥ temIZr„nbn¬

Ai‡ambhsbbpw”(1 tImdn. 1:27). ]ms{Z ]ntbmsb

t∏mse ssZhØns‚ Icßfnse D]IcWamIm≥

\sΩØs∂ \ap°pw hn´psImSp°mw. Cu hnip≤s\

A\pIcn®p kln°p∂hcnse {InkvXp km∂n[y

ambn \sΩbpw ]cnh¿Ø\s∏SpØmw.



t_m_n G{_lmw

\nßƒF¥n\mWv CuI¿jIscXWp∏Øv\n¿Ønbncn°p∂Xv?

Gjybnse s\¬Irjn BtKmf Xm]\Øn\p

ImcWamIp∂psh∂v Ign™ Ipd®pImeambn

Db¿∂p tIƒ°p∂ Btcm]WamWv. C‚¿s\‰v

Xnc™m¬ CØcØn¬ [mcmfw ]T\ßƒ ImWmw.

AØcØn¬ HscÆw Ign™ Znhkw {i≤bn¬

s]´p. U_v--fn\nse {Sn\n‰n tImfPnse t_m´Wn

hn`mKw dnk¿®v s^tem tUm. Iokv Pm≥ hm≥

{Ko\nPv \SØnb ]T\Øn¬ ]dbp∂Xv s\¬Irjn

ImcWw aotY≥ hmXIw [mcmfambn DXv]mZn∏n

°s∏Sp∂psh∂pw AXv BtKmf Xm]\Øn\v B°w

Iq´p∂psh∂pamWv. Ipd®pImew apºv Hcp Cw•njv

{]kn≤oIcWØnepw kam\amb coXnbn¬ teJ\w

I≠ncp∂p. AXn¬ ]t£ IqSpX¬ Bi¶

]pe¿Ønbncp∂Xv C¥ybn¬ s\¬Irjn°mbn

henb tXmXn¬ `qK¿` Pew NqjWw sNøp∂p

sh∂pw CXv hm´¿ tS_nfns\ XI¿°psa∂pw

Bbncp∂p. Cu ]T\ßƒ AhnsS \n¬°s´.

Nne IW°pIƒ IqSn ]dbm\p≠v. temIsØ

G‰hpw henb [m\y°b‰paXn cmPyßfnsem∂v

C¥ybmWv. BtKmf hn]WnbpsS aq∂nsem∂v

C¥ybpsS kw`mh\bmWv. C¥y AXv hn¬°p∂Xv

Ipd™ hnebv°mWp Xm\pw. U¬lnsb ]nSn®p

Ipep°p∂ I¿jI kacßfpsS ]›mØe

ØnemWv Cu Imcyßfntes°m∂p ItÆmSn®Xv.

tI{μ k¿°m¿ 2020 Pq¨ Bdn\v Hm¿Un\≥kv

cq]Øn¬ ]pdØnd°nbXpw ]n∂oSv ]m¿esa‚n¬

Imcyamb N¿®bn√msX ]mkm°nsbSpØXpamb

I¿jI \nbaßƒ ]n≥hen°Wsa∂mhiys∏´mWv

Ign™ Hcpamkambn I¿jI¿ U¬ln AXn¿

Ønbn¬ XºSn®v kam[m\]cambn {]Xntj[n

°p∂Xv. Im¿jnI taJebn¬ hnπhIcamb

am‰ßƒ D≠m°psa∂v ]d™v aq∂p {][m\

\nbaßfmWv tI{μw sIm≠ph∂Xv.

1. Farmers Produce trade and commerce (productionand facilitation) act 2020

I¿jI\v DXv]∂w FhnsSbpw hn¬°mw.

Cu t{SUnMv Bhmw. CØcw hn¬]\bv°v GXp

XcØnepap≈ sehn, \nIpXn CuSm°p∂Xn¬ \n∂v

kwÿm\ k¿°mcpIsf hne°p∂p

2. Farmers (empowerment and protection) Agreementon price assurance and farm sevice act 2020

Icm¿ Irjnbn¬ G¿s∏Sm≥ I¿jI\v A\phmZw

\¬Ip∂p

3. essential commodity act 20202[m\yßƒ, Dcpf°ngßv, D≈n, FÆ°pcp°ƒ

XpSßnb ̀ £y hn`hßƒtiJcn®phbv°p∂Xnep≈

\nb{¥Ww \o°p∂p

H‰t\m´Øn¬ I¿jI\v KpWIcsa∂p tXm∂p∂

\nbaßfmWnh. F∂n´pw F¥psIm≠v I¿jI¿

CXns\ i‡ambn FXn¿°p∂p? \nbaØn

semfn®ph® sIWn Xßsf XI¿ØpIfbpsa∂v

I¿jI¿ `bs∏Sp∂p. I¿jIcpsS Bi¶Iƒ

]cntim[nt°≠Xp≠v.

BZysØ \nbaw ]cntim[n°pI. C¥ybnse

G‰hpw henb [m\y DXv]mZI¿ ]©m_v BWv.

lcnX hn]v --fhw G‰hpw `wKnbmbn \S∏m°nb

kwÿm\amWv ]©m_v. lcnXhn]v--fhw Fs¥∂dn

bWsa¶n¬ kzmX{¥y{]m]vXnbpsS ImesØ

Ahÿ IqSn AdnbWw. 40 tImSn am{Xw hcp∂

P\ßƒ°v aq∂p t\cw t]mbn´v Hcp t\cw XnI®v

`£Ww Ign°m\p≈ hI ChnsS DXv]mZn∏n®n

cp∂n√. B ÿnXn amdnbXv Zo¿Lho£Wap≈

`cWm[nImcnIfpsS {ia^eambmWv. C∂v P\

kwJy 130 tImSnbmbn´pw cmPyØv `t£ym

Xv]mZ\w BhiyØntesdbmWv. Pqsse 2019˛se

IW°\pkcn®v cmPysØ kw`cW imeIfn¬ 744

e£w S¨ [m\yw tÃm°p≠v. A∂w DXv]mZn

∏n°p∂ I¿jIs\ \ΩpsS `cWm[nImcnIƒ

t{]m’mln∏n®p. lcnXhnπhØn\v F√m ]›mØe

kuIcyhpw Hcp°n. Acnbmbmepw tKmXºmbmepw

ISebmbmepw ]cn∏mbmepw I¿jI≥ DXv]mZn∏n

°p∂Xv kw`cn°psa∂v Dd∏m°n. Xmßphnebpw

G¿s∏SpØn. kw`cWØn\mbn {]mtZinI XeØn¬

afinIƒ (N¥Iƒ) cq]oIcn®p. Cu afinIfn¬

B\pImenIw



I¿jI¿ DXv]∂w hn¬°p∂p. hne DS≥ Xs∂

e`n°p∂p. afinIƒ°v IΩnj≥ In´p∂p. afinIfn¬

kw`cn°p∂ DXv]∂w A[nIw XmaknbmsX F^v--

knsFbpsS kw`cW tI{μØnte°pw AhnsS \n∂v

cmPysaºmSpw Bhiy°mcnte°pw \oßp∂p. Cu

afinIfn¬ \n∂v sNdnb \nIpXn hcpam\w kwÿm\

k¿°mcn\v e`n°p∂p. AXv Aßs\ Xs∂ I¿jI

t£a{]h¿Ø\ßƒ°v t]mIp∂p. C¥ybpsS a‰p

`mKßfn¬ \n∂v I¿jI BfllXyIƒ \nc¥cw

tIƒ°ptºmgpw ]©m_v AXn¬\n∂v Gsd°psd

ap‡ambncp∂Xv Cu kwhn[m\w ê{]Zambn

{]h¿Øn°p∂XpsIm≠mhmw.

Ct∏mgsØ _n√n¬ DXv]∂w FhnsS hn¬°p∂

Xn\pw I¿jI¿°v A\phmZw sImSp°pIbmWv.

hym]mcØn\v AXn√. Xmßphne C√mXmIpIbpw

\nIpXn `mcw XpScpIbpw sNøptºmƒ afinIfnse

hym]mcw I¿jI\v emÌca√mXmIpw. AhnsSbmWv

tIm¿]td‰pIfpsS cwK{]thiw. Ah¿ XpS°Øn¬

Db¿∂ hne \¬In DXv]∂w kw`cn°p∂tXmsS

afinIƒ C√mXmIpw. ]ns∂ hne \n›bn°p∂Xv

AhcmIpw. k¿°m¿ CSs]SpIbpan√.

C\nbmWv c≠masØ \nbaØnte°p t\mt°

≠Xv. s\√v BhiyØntesdbps≠∂pw kw`cn°p

∂ns√∂pw tIm¿]td‰pIƒ ]dbp∂p F∂p IcpXpI..

\nßƒ°v Acn°p ]Icw Dcpf°ngßv Irjn

sNbvXqIqsS G∂mhpw ASpØ tNmZyw. I¿jI\v

AXv DXv]mZn∏n°m\dnbn√. \nßfpsS ̀ qan Rßƒ°v

IcmdSnÿm\Øn¬ \¬Inbn´v \nßƒ Xs∂

AhnsS DXv]mZn∏n°q. Fßs\ Irjn sNøWsa∂v

]d™pXcmw F∂v hmKvZm\w hcpw. I¿jI≥

AXn\p hgtß≠nhcpw. AtXmsS kz¥w `qanbn¬

AhImian√mØ shdpw Icm¿ Irjn°mc

\mbn I¿jI≥ amdpw. tIm¿]td‰pIfpsS Zbmhmbv

]n\mbn ImØp\n¬t°\≠nhcpw I¿jI≥.

C\n aq∂masØ \nbaw. kw`cWØn\p≈

\nb{¥Ww \o°p∂p. Ir{Xna hen°b‰w D≠m°n

em`w sImøm≥ \nehn¬ ]e _p≤nap´pIfpap≠v.

ImcWw Hcp hym]mcn°v Ahiykm[\ßƒ

kw`cn®phbv°p∂Xn\v ]cn[n G¿s∏SpØnbn´p≠v.

F∂m¬ AsXSpØp Ifbp∂tXmsS kw`hn°p∂

sX¥mWv? Dcpf°ngßv hnfshSp∏v ImeØv

h≥tXmXn¬ kw`cn®v h≥InS°mcpsS tImƒUv

H‰t\m´Øn¬ kzmKXm¿lw F∂p tXm∂mw.

DZmlcWØn\v lnamNense B∏nƒ I¿jI\v

tIcfØn¬ Db¿∂ hnebv°v B∏nƒ hn¬°W

sa¶n¬ hn¬°mw. F∂m¬ Cu kzmX{¥yØn\p

]n∂n¬ sIWnbpw D≠v. \nehn¬ DXv]∂ßƒ°v

Xmßphne G¿s∏SpØp∂Xv ImemImeßfn¬

]pds∏Sphn°p∂ FIv--knIyqńhv Hm¿UdneqsSbmWv.

B Xmßphnesb B{ibn®mWv I¿jIcpsS

IW°qIq´se√mw. B Xmßphne ImemIme

ßfn¬ XpScpsa∂pw ]pXp°psa∂pw I¿jI¿°v

Dd∏p≠v. F∂m¬ DXv]∂ hn]W\w afinIƒ°p

]pdtØ°p IqSn hym]n∏n°ptºmƒ Xmßphne XpScp

sa∂v bmsXmcp Dd∏an√. am{Xa√, afinIfnse

hym]mcØn\p \nIpXn XpScptºmƒ afin°p ]pdsØ



kv--t‰mdpIfn¬ kq£n°p∂p. AtXmsS Dcpf°ngßv

s]mXphn]Wnbn¬ In´mXmIp∂p. At∏mƒ Db¿∂

hnebv°v km[\w hn]Wnbnte°nd°n h≥ em`w

sImøp∂p. Npcp°Øn¬ I¿jI\v hne In´pIbp

an√, CS\ne \n¬°p∂ h≥InS°mc≥ tImSnIƒ

sImøpIbpw sNøpw.

\ncp]{ZhIsc∂pw hnπhIcsa∂pw hntijn∏n

°s∏Sp∂ \nbaw Fßs\bmWv I¿jI\pw

D]t`m‡mhn\pw hn\bmbn amdpI F∂Xv I≠pw

Adn™pw Xs∂ t_m[ys∏tS≠nhcpw. Cu A]ISw

a\knem°nbXpsIm≠mWv \nbaw {]m_eyØn¬

hcpw apºp Xs∂ ]©m_n¬ henb I¿jI

{]t£m`w Db¿∂ph∂Xv. CXv ]©m_v I¿jIcpsS

Bi¶ am{XamsW∂pw cmPysaßpap≈ I¿jI¿

BÀmZØnemsW∂pambncp∂p tI{μ k¿°m¿

\ne]mSv. F∂m¬ t\ctØXs∂ afin k{ºZmbw

\n¿Øem°nb _nlmdnse I¿jIs‚ Ahÿ

kac°m¿ Nq≠n°mńsb¶nepw AXv Dƒs°m≈m≥

k¿°mcn\p Ign™n√.

\nhrØnbn√msXbmWv I¿jI¿ U¬lnbnte°v

am¿®v sNbvXXv . U¬ln Xpd∂ Pbnem°n

I¿jIs\ Xf®nSmsa∂ k¿°m¿ tamlw

s]mfn™p. am{Xa√, A{Ia]mXbnte°p \oßmsX

kam[m\]cambn kacw sNøp∂ I¿jI¿°v

\mƒ°p\mƒ P\]n¥pW h¿[n°pIbpw sNøp∂p.

DtØtc¥ybnse AXnioXØnepw kacmKv\n

sISmsX Pzen∏n®p \n¿Øm≥ Ah¿°p Ignbp∂p.

I√n\p Im‰p]nSn®Xpt]mse tI{μ k¿°m¿

]Xnhpt]mse I¿jIsc tZit{Zmln ap{ZIpØm

\p≈ {iaw BZyw \S∂p. Jenÿm≥ hmZnIfmWv

kacØn\p ]n∂nse∂ hmZw Db¿Ønsb¶nepw AXp

Xncn®Sn®psh∂XpsIm≠v ]ns∂ AXn¬ ISn®p

Xqßnbn√. {]Xn]£w I¿jIsc sX‰n≤cn∏n

°p∂p F∂mbn ASpØ Btcm]Ww. F∂m¬ kacw

\SØp∂Xv {]Xn]£a√, I¿jIcmsW∂ i‡

amb adp]Sn e`n®tXmsS tI{μk¿°m¿ ho≠pw

_p≤napńembn. ]©m_nse I¿jI¿°p am{XamWv

{]iv--\sa∂v {]Ncn∏ns®¶nepw lcnbm\bnsebpw

DØ¿{]tZinsebpw cmPÿm\nsebpw I¿jI¿

kacØn¬ AWn tN¿∂tXmsS B hmZhpw

s]mfn™p. N¿®bpsS hmXn¬ Xpd∂n´mbncp∂p

ASpØ \o°w. F∂m¬ \nbaw ]n≥hen°ns√∂pw

t`ZKXn Bhmsa∂pw am{Xambncp∂p hmKvZm\w. AXv

sIWnbmsW∂mWv I¿jIcpsS hmZw. Hcn°¬

kacØn¬ \n∂p ]n≥hmßnbm¬ ]ns∂ CXpt]mse

sbm∂p kwLSn∏n°pI Ffn∏as√∂p I¿jI¿°p

adnbmw. AXpsIm≠mWv \nbaw ]n≥hen°¬ F∂

BhiyØn¬ Ah¿ Dd®p\n¬°p∂Xpw. AXp

sIm≠pXs∂ kacØns‚ `mhn {]hN\mXoXamWv.

CXn\nsS tIcfØnse Gew I¿jI¿°v \nbaw

sIm≠p KpWap≠mbn, I¿WmSIbn¬ KpWap≠mbn

F∂ XcØnep≈ {]NmcWhpw apt∂m´ph®p.

F∂m¬ Gew Irjn sNøp∂ scmƒ ]d™Xv

\nehn¬ Gew teew \SØp∂Xv hfsc Imcy£a

ambmsW∂pw AXv Ańadn°s∏Sp∂Xv Gew hne

CSnbm≥ ImcWamIpsa∂v Bi¶bps≠∂pamWv.

apXseSp∏v

kacsØ an°hmdpw {]Xn]£ cm{„ob

I£nIƒ ]n¥pWbv°p∂ps≠¶nepw t\XrXzw

Gs‰Sp°m≥ Ah¿ apt∂m´ph∂n√. ]©m_nep

S\ofw I¿jI¿s°m∏w {SmŒ¿ kacØn\v t\XrXzw

\¬Inb tIm¨{Kkv t\Xmhv cmlp¬ Km‘nbpw

U¬ln kacØns‚ t\XrXzw Gs‰Sp°m≥

Xp\n™n√. AØcØnep≈ GXp \o°hpw kacw

s]mfn°m≥ Bbp[am°psa∂ Xncn®dnhn¬

\n∂mbncp∂p AXv. CXn\nSbnemWv U¬ln

apJya{¥nbpw Bw BZvan ]m¿ń t\Xmhamb Achnμv

tI{Pnhmƒ kac t\XrXzw Gs‰Sp°m\p≈ hnê

{iaw \SØnbXv. Xs∂ ho´pXS¶enem°nsb∂pw

a‰pap≈ At±lØns‚ Btcm]Ww P\w Nncn®p

X≈pIbmbncp∂p. AÆm lkmscbpw \ncmlc

hpambn Ifw]nSn°m≥ {iaw \SØnsb¶nepw

I¿jI¿ henb {i≤ sImSpØn√.

]cnjv--IcWw Bhiytam?

ImemImeßfn¬ \nbaw ]cnjv--Icnt°≠Xv

BhiyamWv. F∂m¬ AXv s]m∑p´bnSp∂

Xmdmhns\ sIm∂psIm≠mhcpXv. hnfhv apgph≥

k¿°m¿ kw`cn°psa∂ Dd∏v I¿jI\v Bhiy

amWv. AXps≠¶nte I¿jI≥ ss[cyambn Irjn

sNøq. AXpt]mse hnfhn\v \ymbhnebpw

Dd∏m°Ww. Cu c≠pImcyßfpw D]t`m‡mhn\pw

BhiyamWv. A√msX Icn©¥ t{]m’mln∏n°p

∂XmhcpXv . kXyØn¬ I¿jI¿°pth≠n k¿

°mcn\v sNømhp∂ Iptdtbsd Imcyßfp≠v.

êh¿Kßƒ hnfshSp°p∂Xv kw`cn°m≥

{Kmaßfn¬ ioXoIcW kw`cW tI{μßƒ

D≠m°mhp∂XmWv. \ymbamb hmSIbpw \n›bn®p

sImSpØm¬ I¿jIs\ kw_‘n®nStØmfw

hn]WnbpsS A\n›nXXzØn¬ \n∂v henb

tamN\amIpw. A©pIntem GØbv° 100 cq]bv°v

Ct∏mƒ \ΩpsS \mńse√mw In´pw. At∏mƒ

I¿jIs\{X In´pw? Xp—amb Imiv am{Xw. AXnepw

henb A]ISw Cßs\ sNdnb hnebv°v Ipe h∂p

adnbptºmƒ \m´pºpdsØ I¿jI\v ]nSn®p

\n¬°m≥ IgnbmXmhpw. Cu ÿnXn°v tamN\w

thWsa¶n¬ k¿°m¿ CSs]S¬ A\nhmcyamWv.

{Kmaßƒ tI{μoIcn®v kw`cW tI{μßfpw

aqeyh¿[nX DXv]∂ßƒ D≠m°m\p≈ tI{μ



Hcp hnizmkn

ßfpw ÿm]n°p∂Xn\p k¿°mcn\mhpw. F∂m¬

AXn\p ]Icw tIm¿]td‰pIƒ°v F√mw ssIamdn

ImgvN°mcmIm\mWv k¿°mcn\v Xm¬]cyw. Cßs\

F√mw tIm¿]td‰pIƒ°v ssIamdm\msW¶n¬ C{X

henb k¿°m¿ kwhn[m\sa¥ns\∂ tNmZyhpw

Dbcp∂p. AXpt]mse Xmßphne \nbaØn¬ Xs∂

Dd∏p\¬Im≥ Ignbnt√? AXp th≠ F∂p \n›bn

°p∂Xn¬ Xs∂bp≠v Hfn®pIfn. afinIfn¬

kw`cn°p∂ DXv]∂w F^v--knsF Gs‰Sp°psa∂

Dd∏pw A\nhmcyamWv. am{Xa√, afinIƒ°v

\nIpXnbpw a‰v hym]mcnIƒ°v \nIpXnbnfhpw

F∂Xv Bimkya√. \nehn¬ sIm≠ph∂ \nbaw

]n≥hen°pIbpw I¿jItcmSv N¿® sNbvXv

Ah¿°\pIqeamb \nbaw cq]oIcn°pIbpw

sNøp∂Xn¬ sX‰n√. P\ßfpsS ap∂n¬

XeIp\n°p∂Xv henb sXs‰m∂pan√. F∂m¬

cmPysØ G‰hpw henb c≠p tIm¿]td‰pIƒ°p

Ifn°m\p≈ CSw am{Xw Hcp°p∂Xn¬ _≤{i≤

cmbh¿ AXnsem∂pw {i≤n°p∂tXbn√.

KqVe£yßfpt≠m?

C\n Cu teJ\Øns‚ XpS°Øn¬ ]d™

Imcyßfnte°v hcmw. C¥ybnse s\¬Irjn

Ipd™m¬ KpWw In´p∂ BZysØ Iq´¿ BtKmf

Irjn`oa∑mcmWv. AhcpsS [m\y°b‰paXn IqSpw.

AXv Db¿∂hnebv°v hn¬°pIbpw sNømw.

AXpsIm≠pXs∂bmWv s\¬Irjn BtKmf

Xm]\Øn\p ImcWamIp∂psh∂ ]T\ßsf

\n¿tZmjsa∂p IcpXm≥ IgnbmØXv. C\n

c≠masXmcp Imcyw Nne BtKmf hnØpXv]mZI

`oa∑m¿ C¥ysb henb hn]Wnbmbn ImWp∂p

F∂XmWv. \nehn¬ s\√mbmepw tKmXºmbmepw

hnØv I¿jI¿ t\cn´v kw`cn°pIbpw Irjnbnd

°pIbpw sNøpw. F∂m¬ \nehnep≈ IrjnIƒ amdn

]pXnbXv ]co£n°m≥ XpSßnbm¬ Nn{Xw amdpw.

AWnbdbnsemcp°p∂ hnØpIƒ°v Bhiy

°mtcdpw. [mt\ymXv]mZ\w Ipdbv°Wsa∂

AP≠bv°p ]n∂n¬ CØcw KqVe£yßfpt≠m

F∂pw Imew sXfnbn°pw.

]pXnb Im¿jnI \nbaØn¬ Im¿jnImhin„w

IØn°p∂ I¿jI¿°v henb ]ng in£bpw Pbn¬

in£bpw Dd∏m°p∂p≠v. U¬lnbnse ]pIa™n\p

ImcWw Im¿jnImhin„w IØn°p∂XmsW∂

Btcm]Ww t\ctØXs∂bp≠v. I¿jIsc in£n

°m≥ hy{KXs∏Sp∂h¿ ]t£ h≥InS hyhkmbn

Iƒ ]pgbpw A¥co£hpw aen\am°p∂Xns\

Xnsc CØcw in£m\S]SnIsfm∂pw Dd∏m°p∂n√

F∂Xpw IuXpIIcamb ImcyamWv.

2018 am¿®n¬ almcm{„bnse I¿jI¿

apwss_bnte°v henb am¿®v \SØn. ad°cpXv,

{Kmaßfn¬ AKv\n Pzen°p∂p F∂v Cu ]w‡nbn¬

Rm≥ teJ\sagpXnbncp∂p. B kacw almcm{„

k¿°m¿ HØpXo¿∏m°nbXv I¿jIcpsS Bhiy

ßtfmSv A\pIqeambn {]XnIcn®psIm≠mWv. tI{μ

k¿°mcn\pw DWcm\p≈ kabamWnXv . B

]mhs∏´ I¿jIsc Cßs\ XWp∏Øv \n¿ØcpXv.

Ah¿ A∂w DXv]mZn∏n°p∂hcmWv.



AhcpsS hnb¿∏p hoWmWv,

ChcpsS Ipw`bn¬

hnPbw hncn™Xv!

AhcpsS sdmń∏m{XØnse

Icnbmdmb

hni∏mWnh¿°v

\£{XØnf°w

]I¿∂Xv!

AhcpsS sIm®p In\m°fmWv

ChcpsS kz]v\ ]{XnIbmbXv!

Ahscmgp°nb D∏pw

AhcpgpXaÆpw

AhcpsS Dcp°fpw

AhcpsS a°fpw

Ch¿°v ioXfkpJapdn

tb‰nbtbWnIƒ!

AhcpsS IÆp\ndbn√..

AhcpsS IÆpIƒ

Ic™p aSpØh!

AhcpsS DZcw

cWm¶WØn¬

hni∏n¬ Xfcmdn√. ..

hni∏m‰m≥

DZcsØ sacp°nbhcmWh¿ !

AhcmWv I¿jI¿

ChcmWv A[nImcs°mXnbm¿∂h¿!

Ah¿s°m∏w Rm\n√;

Ch¿s°m∏w Rm\p v

hnb¿°msX A∏w

`£n°m≥ sImXnbp≈ Rm≥!

A[zm\n°p∂hcpw

`mcw Npa°p∂hcpw

sXcphn¬ ]ńWn InS°ptºmƒ

]W°ngn kq£n®v

Rm≥ ap∏Xp \mWbw IqSn tXSn \S°p∂p..!

IhnX

jmPp tX°n≥Imń¬ Adnbm™√



{KŸ\ncq]Ww

Xs‚ kzX-kn-≤-amb {]h¿Ø\ ssien-sIm≠v Xncp-h√ AXn-cq-]-X-bpsS

Ncn-{X-Øn¬ \nd-∏-In-´m¿∂ Hc-≤ymbw Iq´n-t®¿°m≥ Npcp-ßnb F´v h¿jsØ

t{ijvT-]p-tcm-lnX ip{iq-j-sIm≠v km[n® Xncp-h√ AXn-cq-]-X-bpsS \mem-

asØ A≤y-£-\m-bn-cp∂ ]pWy-t«m-I-\mb sFkIv am¿ bqlm-t\m≥ sa{Xm-

t∏m-eo-Øm-bpsS hy‡n-Xz-sØbpw AP-]m-e\ ip{iq-j-I-sfbpw ad-hn-bpsS

amdm-e-bv°p-≈n¬ ad-bmsX am‰v sXfn-°m-\p≈ Xncp-h√ AXn-cq-]-X-bpsS apJy

hnImcn P\-dmƒ _lp. sNdn-bm≥ Xmg-a¨ A®s‚ {ia-Øns‚ aq¿Ø-cq-]-

amWv ]hn{Xw Cu ]mZ-ap-{Z-Iƒ .

t\cn¬ I≠-h-cnepw Ah-cn¬ \n∂v tI´-dn-™-h-cnepw Hm¿Ω Ipsd-°mew

\ne-\n-ev°pw. F∂m¬, {ItaW AXv- a-ßpw. Ahn-sS-bmWv t\cn¬ I≠-h-cp-

sSbpw Ah-cn¬ \n∂v tI´-h-cp-sSbpw Xe-apd Ncn-{X-am-Ip-∂-Xn\p ap≥]v Ah-

cpsS kvac-W-Iƒ A£-c-cq-]-Øn-em°n A®-Sn-°p-∂-Xns‚ {]k-‡n. 1987 G{]n¬

amkw 28-˛mw XobXn Imew sNbvXv Ime-Øn-\-∏p-d-tØ°p IS∂ A`n-hμy

sFkIv am¿ bqlm-t\m≥ ]nXm-hns‚ Xpº-∏q-hns‚ ss\¿a-√yhpw en√n-∏q-

hns‚ sh◊bpw ap√-∏q-hns‚ kpK-‘hpw Cº-ambn Cg-sI-´n-b-Xpw, k¿Δ¿°pw

kmao-]y-a-cp-fn-bn-cp-∂Xpw Ic-pX-em-h-iy-am-bn-cp-∂-hsc Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ IÆn-eqsS

I≠v tN¿Øv ]nSn-®n-cp-∂-Xp-amb Pohn-XsØ ad-hn-bpsS amdm-∏n-\p-≈n¬ ad-

bmsX sXfn-®p-\n¿Øm-\p≈ {ia-Øns‚ A®Sncq]ambn ]hn{Xw Cu

]mZ-ap-{Z-Iƒ {]kn-≤o-Ir-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv.

ImtXm-en-°m-_m-hmbpw, sa{Xm-t∏m-eo-Ø-amcpw, sshZn-Icpw k\y-kvXcpw

Aevam-b-cp-amb \mev]-Xn-e-[nIw Bfp-Iƒ Ah-cpsS A\p-`-h-ßƒ°pw Hm¿Ω-

Iƒ°pw A£-c-cq]w \evIn-s°m≠v am¿ bqlm-t\m≥ ]nXm-hns‚ ]mZ-ap-{Z-Iƒ

sXfn-°m≥ kl-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. _p≤n-]-c-amb hnh-c-ß-sf-°m-fp-]cn lrZ-b-

Øns‚ kv]μ-\-ß-fmWv {KŸ-Øn¬ DS-\ofw {]I-S-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Ncn-{X-kvt\-ln-Iƒ°pw, k`m-kvt\-ln-Iƒ°pw Ncn-{X-]-Tn-Xm-°ƒ°pw hmbn-

°m\pw kq£n-°m\pw kΩm-\-ambn ka¿∏n-°m\pw Hcp DØa {KŸw.

]hn{Xw Cu ]mZ-ap-{Z-Iƒ

FUn-‰¿

sNdn-bm≥ Xmg-a¨

{]km-[-I¿

Xncp-h√ AXn-cq-]X

t]P 308. hne: 250/˛


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