frontiers of pharmaceutical industrial research and ... - pcsir · pdf file• recent...

Frontiers of Pharmaceutical Industrial Research and Role of PCSIR

Dr. Shahzad AlamDirector GeneralPCSIR Labs. Complex, Lahore

Lay out

• PCSIR – A BREIF INTRODUCTION

• PHARMACEUTICAL SECTION AT PCSIR – FACILITIES & SCOPE

• RECENT TRENDS, ROLE OF NANO TECHNOLGY IN

PHARMACEUTICALS

• NANOTECHNOLOGY CENTRE AT PCSIR LAHORE

3 May 2012 PCSIR Labs Complex, Lahore 2

PCSIR – A brief introduction


Main Activities

• QC/QA Services (Public & Private Sectors)

• Technology Development

• Consultancy/Trouble shooting

• Human Resource Development

• Industrial Linkages & WTO Obligations


International/ National Recognitions

• ISO 9001:2008 by TÜV Nord (Since 2002)

• ISO/ IEC 17025:2005 Accreditation by PNAC (Since 2005)

• ISO/IEC 17025:2005 Accreditation by Norwegian Accreditation (Since 2007)

• Saudi Arabian Standard Organization (Approved Lab.)

• Ministry of Health & Welfare Japan (Approved Lab.)


Service Sectors


Advance Engg. Materials

Food & Allied Products

Minerals

Leather & Leather Auxiliaries

Textile & Associated Products

Glass & Ceramics

Biotechnology

Strategic industries


Environment

Electronics

Industrial chemicals

Paper & Plastics/ Polymers

Pesticides & Herbicides

Oils & Fats

Dyes

Pharmaceuticals

PCSIR Centres

• Applied Chemistry Research Centre• Applied Physics, computers & Instrumentation Centre• Centre for Development of Laboratory Equipment• Center for Environmental Protection Studies• Electrical Measurement & Testing Laboratory• Engineering Services Centre• Food & Biotechnology Research Centre• Glass and Ceramics Research Centre• Mineral Processing Research Centre• Pakistan Institute of Technology for Minerals & Advanced

Engineering Materials (PITMAEM)


Applied Chemistry Research Centre


Main groups

Industrial chemicals

Textiles & Dyes

Oils, fats & cosmetics

3 May 2012 PCSIR Labs Complex, Lahore 10Pharmaceutical

Plastics & Polymers

Leather

Petrochemicals

Pharmaceutical – Facilities & Scope

• Testing and consultancy facilities• Method development & validation• Research & Development activities• Technology & Process development


Click icon to add clip art

AAS

Pharmaceutical – Testing facilities

• Analysis / quality evaluation of pharmaceutical raw material and prepared products including tablets, capsules, syrup, ampoules etc.

• Testing of steroids in herbal and other medicines.

• Testing of Narcotics in herbal products etc.

• Bioburden, sterility and microbiological testing.

• Allergy and pyrogen testing.• Mineral contents using AA

Spectrophotometer.• Drug residue analysis


DissolutionFT-IRUV-VISHPLCGC-ECDGC-MSGC-FIDDisintegration testerLCMS

Pharmaceutical – Testing Services

• Method development/ validation of pharmaceutical products• QA/ QC services• Estimation of drug residues in meat and poultry products – (ISO 17025

certification)



Antiseptic and antibiotic bandages

Herbal Anti diarrheal supplementHerbal tablets for dental caries

Antacid syrup

Mouth wash regular / alcohol free

Analgesic/antiseptic ointments

Anti warts formulationHerbal anti scabies lotion

Anti diarrheal milk supplement Herbal anthelmintic (veterinary)

Products developedPharmaceutical – Research & Development activities


Benzyl benzoate (antiscabies)

Lidocaine HCl (local anesthetic)

Warfarin (anti-coagulant)

Piprazine citrate (anthelmintic)

Methyl/ethyl paraben (preservative)

Sodium salt of paraben (preservative)

Sodium citrate (excipient)

Processes Developed

Pharmaceutical – Research & Development activities

Processes in progress

• Synthesis of antituberculosis compounds • Synthesis of amoxicillin• Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds of pharmaceutical

importance and evaluation of Antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities

• Synthesis of 1,2-benzithiazine-1,1-dioxide carbohydrazide derivatives



• Phytochemical investigation of indigenous medicinal plants• Isolation of active components of Trachelospermum jasminoides• Isolation of

• Estimation of minerals in local medicinal herbs• Different cultivars of Dates• Local vegetables and fruits

• Antibacterial activity of selected indigenous plants against dental caries causing pathogens

• Bioavailability and bioequivalence studies of herbal medicines



Recent Advances in Pharmaceuticals


What is Nanotechnology?

• It comprises any technological developments on the nanometer scale, usually 0.1 to 100 nm.

• One nanometer equals one thousandth of a micrometer or one millionth of a millimeter.

A picture of Nanofiber shown with a human hair for reference (Espin Technologies, Inc.) (IMAGE SOURCE:www.sigmaaldrich.com/Area_of_Interest/Chemistry/Materials_Science/Nanomaterials/Tutorial/Nanotechnology.html)

19

http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Area_of_Interest/Chemistry/Materials_Science/Nanomaterials/Tutorial/Nanotechnology.html)

World’s Famous Nanotechnology Governmental Organizations

• National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (China) • National Institute for Nanotechnology (Canada) • Iranian Nanotechnology Laboratory Network • EU Seventh Framework Programme and Action Plan for

Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies 2005-2009 • Russian Nanotechnology Corporation • National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), Thailand • National Nanotechnology Initiative (United States) • National Cancer Institute Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer • National Institutes of Health Nanomedicine Roadmap Initiative • American National Standards Institute Nanotechnology Panel

(ANSI-NSP)

Nano-pharmaceuticals or Nano-medicines

• A sub-discipline of nanotechnology that intends to engineer innovative medicines to encompass many areas of drug delivery, drug design, imaging, therapeutics and diagnostics at nm scale


Nano-capsule Drug delivery to tumor cellsNano-robots

Applications of nanotechnology in medicine – Nano-medicine

Nano-diagnostic

Nano-therapeutic

Nano-imaging

Nano-implantations


Nano-drugs

Nano-surgery

• Nano-therapeutics is the use of nano-medicines in therapy and it incorporates

1- Nano-therapeutic


Controlled drug

deliver

Targeted drug delivery

i- Targeted drug delivery

• Nanoparticles can be used in targeted drug delivery at the site of disease to improve the uptake of poorly soluble drugs, the targeting of drugs to a specific site, and drug bioavailability

Drug

Healthy cell

Infected cell

Drug tagged to a nanotube

Targeting of infected cell following interaction of nanotube with receptor

Drug release

TARGATED DRUG DELIVERYUNTARGATED DRUG DELIVERY3 May 2012 PCSIR Labs Complex, Lahore 24

Application of Targeted Drug delivery

• Treatment of cancer• Treatment of tumor cells• Alzheimer’s disease• Diabetes


Targeted tumor cell

Gold nano dots for cancer treatment

ii- Controlled drug release

• The agent (drug) release is administered to achieve sustained delivery of drug into the host for an extended time. This helps in reducing the frequency of dose.


Comparison of conventional and control release

Applications of controlled drug delivery


New painless nano-needles are used to make injections painless and more reliable by penetrating the corneum and opening the administration channel within ten seconds for medicines

iii- Nano-surgery

• Surgical procedures conducted at the molecular level will

have

• a degree of accuracy and

• level of non-invasiveness never before imagined


Applications of nano-surgery


iv- Nano-drugs

• Conversion of conventional drugs to nano-scale improve the drug efficiency and availability

• Approx. 20 nano-drugs are in market today for treatment of various diseases


Disease Nano-drugFungal infection Amphotericin B/lipid complexCancer Paclitaxel protein bound

nanoparticlesEating disorders Nanocrystalline megesterol acetateLeukemia PEG-asparaginaseInfluenza Virosomal influenza vaccineHepatitis A Virosomal hepatitis vaccineHepatitis C PEG--interferon 2aChronic kidney disease Crosslinked poly(allylamine) resin

2- Nano-diagnostic

• Determination of likelihood of contracting a disease without actually acquiring the symptoms of that disease or early detection of a disease is now possible with help of nano-diagnostic

• Nano-biomarkers• Detection of lung cancer in breath

• Nano-biosensors• Detection of tumor in early stages• Detection of glucose in blood

• Nano-dots• Disease tagging


Applications of Nano-diagnostic


Lab-on-chip samples saliva

Sensor based on nanotechnology, that is capable of measuring minute amounts of insulin produced by living pancreatic cells

Sensor in swab, used for testing blood samples

Detection of ailment at cellular level using nanowires

Gold nanoparticles can be used to detect early-stages Alzheimer’s disease

3- Nano-imaging

• Nano-imaging or molecular imaging includes techniques for the study of molecular events in vivo and for molecule manipulation. The main benefits of molecular imaging for in vivo diagnostics are the early detection of diseases and the monitoring of disease stages (e.g. in cancer metastasis) leading to individualized medicine and real-time assessment of therapeutic and surgical efficacy.


Illumination of tumor cells in brain for better imaging using MRI

Tumor painting

Imaging using targeted magnetic nanoparticles

Magnetic Nanoparticles

4- Nano-implantations

• Nanotechnology changes the face of medical implants by allowing miniature devices to be inserted into human body to cure and repair damaged cells using nano-materials that have improved biocompatibility and physiological integration with human tissues


An artificial pacemaker mimics the electrical impulses normally created by the SA node and maintains a normal heartbeat

Brain gate chip used to help paralyzed people to regain control of their lives and ability to communicate

Brain gate chip Artificial pacemakerNanobone

Nanobone for joint replacement surgery

Nano-technology and homeopathic medicines

• Homeopathy is known for its very low concentrations (dilution factor 1060 for 30cc medicine and 10400 for 200cc). TEM, electron diffraction and ICP-AES analysis of these homeopathic drugs have shown the presence of medicines as nanoparticles aggregates in these extremely diluted solutions


Bright- eld TEM images of nanoparticles fiand aggregates

Nano-technology and herbal medicines

• Nano-curcumin extracts from turmeric have lead to the treatment of Ischemia – inadequate flow of blood to a part of body, caused by constriction or blockage of the blood vessels supplying it.


TEM micrograph of nano-curcumin

Healthy brain

Affected brain

Treated1

Treated2

Treated3

Nanotechnology and herbal medicines

• Nano-herbal medicines have also been used in • Treatment of Leishmaniasis – a disease caused by parasite Leishmania• Treatment of Liver cirrhosis• Treatment of Cancer• Platelet activation


AFM image of nano-fibers extracted from Chinese herb used for platelet activation

Nano-technology revolutionization of pharmaceuticals


Nanotechnology

Biomedical nanodevices

Medical implants

Controlled drug delivery

Targeted drug delivery

Nanosensors

Lab-on-chip Nanodrugs

Surgery

Therapeutic

Nanodots

Imaging

Diagnostics

Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial

Research, Lahore.

39

Contribution of PCSIR, Lahore.

• Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research has established a fully functional nanotechnology centre, mainly focusing on:

• Nano-coatings• Nano-materials and • Nano-powders.

40

Scope of Nanotechnology CentreThe scope of work of Nano Technology Lab can be classified into two major categories:

• Industrial Help• R&D Work

42

Industrial Use

The facilities of nanotechnology lab can be utilized for the development, synthesis and characterization of 12 different nano coatings used in following Industries:

• Orthopedic implants & Surgical industry• Cutting Tool industry• Tool & Die industry• Textile industry

43

TYPES OF INDUSTRIAL COATINGS PRODUCED

44

TYPES OF INDUSTRIAL COATINGS BEING PRODUCED AT PITMAEM

45

MAJOR FACILITIES

47

PVD Coating Centre

48

Facilities for Characterization

of Developed Coatings

49

Scanning Probe Microscope

Nano Technology Lab

Nano Indenter

Nano Technology Lab

Micro Scratch Tester

51

Tribology Lab

Pin and Ball on Disc Tribometer

52

Surface Profilometer

Tribology Lab

Wear and Friction Measuring Machine

53

SEM with EDX Attachment

Scanning Electron Microscope Lab

54

PVD Coatings Lab

Calotest Instrument

Contact DetailsDr. Shahzad AlamDirector General,PCSIR Laboratories Complex (LLC),Shahrah-e-Jalaluddin Roomi,Lahore-Pakistan.Ph: +92-42-99230236 Cell: +92-308-4444544Fax: +92-42-99230705 Email: [email protected]: www.pcsir.gov.pk


Thank you

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