Frontier Wars in Frontier Wars in TexasTexas

People, Places, and EventsPeople, Places, and Events

Treaty of Medicine Lodge Treaty of Medicine Lodge CreekCreek

• Established a 3 million acre reservation located in Indian Territory (Oklahoma)

• Government promised to send food and supplies to the reservation and restrict access to the area

• In return, the Native Americans would move onto the reservation and stop raids against settlers

Satanta Satanta • Most famous Kiowa chief known for Most famous Kiowa chief known for

his powerful speeches.his powerful speeches.

• He didn’t want to move to the He didn’t want to move to the reservation and wanted to roam over reservation and wanted to roam over the prairie. the prairie.

• He believed if the Native Americans He believed if the Native Americans settle down they will die and it hurt settle down they will die and it hurt him to see what was happening.him to see what was happening.

Buffalo HuntersBuffalo Hunters•A person who slaughtered buffalo A person who slaughtered buffalo

for the value of their hides. for the value of their hides.

•They killed the Native Americans They killed the Native Americans buffalo which forced some Native buffalo which forced some Native Americans to leave the reservation Americans to leave the reservation and raid white settlements.and raid white settlements.

Quanah ParkerQuanah Parker• One of the most powerful Comanche One of the most powerful Comanche

leaders of the time.leaders of the time.

Cynthia ParkerCynthia Parker• Mother of Quanah Parker and Mother of Quanah Parker and

married to Comanche Chief Peta married to Comanche Chief Peta Nocona. Nocona.

• She was captured as a small child She was captured as a small child during a Comanche raid on a frontier during a Comanche raid on a frontier settlement and was raised by the settlement and was raised by the Comanche’s and adopted their way Comanche’s and adopted their way of life. of life.

Peta NoconaPeta Nocona• Comanche chief who was married to Comanche chief who was married to

Cynthia Parker and the father of Cynthia Parker and the father of Quanah Parker.Quanah Parker.

Colonel Kit Carson Colonel Kit Carson • Commanded the Anglo troops at the Commanded the Anglo troops at the

First Battle of Adobe Walls against First Battle of Adobe Walls against the Comanches and Kiowas.the Comanches and Kiowas.

Henry Ossian Flipper Henry Ossian Flipper • First African American to graduate First African American to graduate

from the U.S. Military Academy at from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point.West Point.

Buffalo Soldiers Buffalo Soldiers **African American who guarded the **African American who guarded the

Texas frontier after the Civil War.**Texas frontier after the Civil War.**

• They scouted, mapped, and built They scouted, mapped, and built roads between the settled and roads between the settled and unsettled areas of the state. unsettled areas of the state.

• They also patrolled the frontier, They also patrolled the frontier, protecting settlers from Native protecting settlers from Native American raids.American raids.

Quaker Peace Policy Quaker Peace Policy • Move native groups to reservations, Move native groups to reservations,

give them supplies, educate them, give them supplies, educate them, and protect them. and protect them.

• It also proposed to punish any who It also proposed to punish any who raided settlements.raided settlements.

Quaker Peace Policy, Quaker Peace Policy, cont.cont.• Ideas of a religious group named the Ideas of a religious group named the

Religious Society of Friends, or Religious Society of Friends, or Quakers. It was suppose to bring Quakers. It was suppose to bring about peace using gentle ways, about peace using gentle ways, respect for life, and fair treatment of respect for life, and fair treatment of Native Americans.Native Americans.

Quaker Peace Policy, Quaker Peace Policy, cont.cont.• The government did not provide enough The government did not provide enough

food or supplies and the army failed to food or supplies and the army failed to stop buffalo hunters from shooting buffalo stop buffalo hunters from shooting buffalo on the reservation which caused Native on the reservation which caused Native Americans to again raid TX settlements for Americans to again raid TX settlements for food. When the army chased them,food. When the army chased them,

• the Quakers would not let the soldiers the Quakers would not let the soldiers enter the reservation to capture the enter the reservation to capture the raiders.raiders.

Lawrie Tatum Lawrie Tatum • He was a Quaker who was named the He was a Quaker who was named the

government’s agent to the Kiowa-government’s agent to the Kiowa-Comanche reservation. Comanche reservation.

Texas Rangers Texas Rangers • A force that patrolled the frontier and A force that patrolled the frontier and

helped the federal troops defend the helped the federal troops defend the frontier.frontier.

• Stephen F. Austin formed them to Stephen F. Austin formed them to protect colonists from Native protect colonists from Native American attacks.American attacks.