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l

BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR

OF

. JOHN M 0 NTAG U .

Wil'H A SKE'fCH OF SO~lE OF THE PUDLIC AFFAmS CONNECTED WITH

THE COLONY OF

THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE, DL'RlNG HIS ADMINISTRATION AS COLONIAL SECRETARY,

FROM 1843 TO 1853.

DY

W. A. NEWMAN, 1\f.A.,

DE ,\.N OJ' OAPB TOWN, AND SEJHOR OOI.ONlAL O flA PJ~AlN .

. "JJ isp<m ... ·•mlo 1Jlt, non mutarnlo me."- :MoNTAOU Mo·uo.

~onh.on;

HARRISON, 59, PALL MALL.

<!Ltrut ~obm; A. S. ROBERTSON, .ADDE RLEY S TREET.

W. L. SAMMONS, P LEI N S'l'ltEE'l'.

1855.

G,V\.v Rc.j~ciC ~c.t c j)l

J..0 4~-­' t1 6lo I q, ',.~ S

•

• QU'ON EXAM I NB SA Yn~, SON A~H~, SI':S ACTF.S, SES PENSEES, SES

l'AllOJ,KS j ON N'Y T llOUVEllA !'AS ••• •• •. UN SJm J, I NSTANT DE

J,.\JSSE !t ALJ.Ell. I L A CONSTAMMENT J,U'J'TE, J,UTi·f r USQU' A J,A. FA­

TIGUE };T LA ~' JUSTKSSE, CONTHE S};S EX!OENCES. NUL JIO~!ME N' A

l::TJ> l'J,US PltOFONDi:MENT HIDU DE J.'ESPlll T DE OOUVEllNE~lENT, DU

llBSI'"C'J' DE J}AUTORI TJ,, II• N'A JAMAI S J:XOJm~; LES DllOITS DU

POUVOIIt SELON J,ES J,OI S DE SON PAYS j MATS IT, A A~'~'ER~I[ ET MAl NTENU

OF.S n nO ITS, F.N P RT NO f_PF. COi\t i\lE F.N PA i~', AUSSI t'l-~It?irl~?ir::CNT, AUSS!

li'IJ·: InntEN'J' QU' n , r.'N UT I'U FA 11\E ])ANS UN lh-A·r ANOU~N. 011 17.01'.

,

•

PREFACE.

-A PREFACE is an author's friendly introduction to

the readers of his publication. It procures him the privilege of speaking to them more familiarly, or, at least, ·less formally than he would presume to do without such introduction. The main port:,ion of his work is ordinarily devoted to the subject of which it treats, but his preface is a kind of neutral ground on which he deems himself at liberty to speak of himself. Nevertheless, I will not use this liberty without first asking the reader's indulgence, which will, I trust, be granted me, whilst I say a few words in explana­tion, first, as to my connection with this publication; and secondly, with reference to the assistance and favor I have received in its preparation.

Shortly after the decease of Mr. Montagu had been made known at the Cape, and when the public mind was recovering from the painful surprise which it occasioned, the thought suggested itself to the minds of several of his friends, that a sketch of his life. would be a pleasing remembrance to themselves, and a just tribute to his memory : andr that it might be so composed that whilst it would obtain the in­terest of his many friends in England and elsewhere,

A2

lV PREFACE. •

it might also be instrumental in removing or recon­ciling much of the misunderstanding and adverse feeling which circumstances at the Cape had, in the moment and struggle of party excitement, ra:ised against him in the minds of those who were politi­

cally opposed to him. This t ask, when.first proposed to me, I hesitated

to undertake, from the conviction that oth~rs would do it far more ably than I could ; but when it was suggested that some who might be requested to draw up the 'memoir, if I declined, would probably enter upon it with a strong party bias, and so rather excite than allay animosities,-then, both from a desire to heal divisions in a community to which I was a proclaimer of peace; and also,-as the most grateful tribute to the memory of my deceased friend, and what his spirit, could it speak from the sacred~ ness of its repose, would desire,-to render mani­fest his love and labor for the inte1·ests of that com­munity,-! consented to arrange such materials. as could be furnished, into a short sketch of his life

and character. But when I entered on the collection and exami-

nation of records, facts, published papers and letters connected with the subject of the memoi1·, as well as · many data from his own notes and manuscripts, I . found that instead of a pamphlet of a few sheets, which had been originally contemplated, the bio­graphy of John Montagu claimed a volume. Never­theless, I felt no inclination to shrink from it in consideration of its magnitude, or on account of the

PltElt' ACE. v

toil it might occasion me, though I confess I was almost inclined to do so, for the reason that my un­settled residence, incident. on leave of absence from my charge, as well as other incapabilities, would render my attempt a failure, or at least undeserving the memory of him whose high deeds and signal worth I had undertaken to record.

A s the work proceeded my difficulties increased. Most of the public officials and other persons, with whom Mr. Montagu served, have survived him ; to speak highly in his praise in some instances seemed to detract from that of others; in other cases i t might be thought that too much prominence was given to him, to the prejudice, or at least to the overlooking, of those to whom he was subordinate. Difficulties of another character also .arose- a fair record of Mr. Montagu's opinions must bear more or less on politicaf and party questions; in some cases the long­sleeping emotions of old -rivalry might be aroused ; in others the smothered embers of an expiring anta­gonism be stirred anew. Surrounded with these perplexiti~s, I felt, again and again, that I must tread with cautious steps, and the sentence has been on my lips, as a kind of warning to me, I may safely say a thousand times-incedo per ignes. I can, how­ever, affirm with the strictest t~·uth and most perfect consciousness of fair intentions, that I have scrupu­lously endeavored to avoid any reflection, or insinu­ation, or criticism, :which I imagined could give pain or offence. I have recorded the acts and the opinions of my friend with the most watchful intention not to involve others, or to throw myself open to the impu-

Vl PH.EFAOE.

tation of unfairness, or of speaking unbecomingly of those in authority. How I have succeeded the perusal of the work must testify. If in my endeavout I have failed, I regret it, and crave pardon.

As to the assistance I · have received, and the authorities to which I have trusted, I ;may state that I have mainly relied on pJlblic documen.-ts for infor­mation as to Mr. Montagu's public acts·. ·. Papers printed by the order of the P arliament of Great Britain, and Blue Books published by authority at the Cape, have been my great stand-by, and I have labored through some thousands of pages for the p1·eois, extracted from such documents, inserted in the body of the work. In one or two cases I have given almost the words of the Parliamentary Reports, although not notified by the marks of quotation : for instance, in the chapter on "Judicial Reform,:: the greater portion is supplied from a P arliamentary Paper, entitled "Reports exhibiting the Past ·and Present State of H er Majesty's Colonial Possessions." The reports issued by the " Central Road Board" at the Cape, have also been extensively used in the chapter describing the roads which that body was instrumental in constructing. In some instances public papers not hitherto printed, and letters from persons in authority have been quoted, and some­times given in extenso,-for the use of these I must express my acknowledgments for the courteous per­mission granted to me by those to whom it belonged to accord it. To the heads both of the Colonial Office and the War Office I must avow my thankful

obliga.tions.

l'ltEl•'ACl!:. Vll

'l'he illustrations of Mountain Passes arc from tho pencil of a lady who has employed it repea tedly for the benefit of the Colony. They were taken on the spots delineated. They need no further explanation than this grateful record of thanks for tho use of them.

To the Subscribers to the present work I must also express acknowledgments.. Many of them being of rank, authority, influence, and learning, I can only ascribe to their high appreciation of the late Mr. Montagu, that they have condescended to further this undertaking,-yet the kindness, the sympathy, the generous readiness with which most of them have signified their willingness to preserve the memory of that zealous and faithful public servant call for special mention.

But to one in particular my thanks are due for his co-operation and labor in this undertaking,-to Major Bower. This gentleman, who knew Mr. Mon­tagu intimately in his days of health and vigorous service, who travelled with him in some of his ardu­ous undertakings, who corresponded with him when absent, proved himself to him and to his family in their sorrows, all that a brother could be. Selected by the wish of his dying friend to be one of those who should bear his pall, and lay him to his rest, he was not only the first, but also one of the most unwearied, in his exertions to promote whatever could add honor and esteem to the memory of the departed, and alle­viation and support to those he has left behind him. To Major Bower I am indebted for obtaining sub-

• viii Pll.El<'ACI'.:.

scribers, procuring private letters .and public docu­ments, for making arrangements with printers and publishers, and for aiding in every manner in his power the present undertaking. But this is not all,-this assistance required time and trouble, but he shrunk not from that which cost him more, that which ap­pealed to his warm hea1·t and sincere and steady love for his deceased friend. It is only ju~t to. record, that to him and to the indefatigable labors of t.he Bishop of C!tpe Towu, it is in u. great measure owing that the widow and orphan children of him whom they esteemed when living, have now that competence which has been in so noble a manner granted to -them. For to these two kind helpers and advocates "of the father­less and widow in their affliction," must we attribute that earnest appeal and that documentary evidence which prove how strong wa.s the claim of John Mon­tagu, for a pension for his family, on the gratitude of the country he so faithfully and indefatigably .served.

It is with unfeigned pleasure that I have recorded in the subsequent pages the loyalty and devotion of J olm Montagu to his Sovereign, and his unflagging zeal and labors for his country; but it is with stronger feelings of unfeigned thankfulness, that I here most humbly mention that H er Majesty has been gra­ciously pleased, through H er noble advisers, to signify by a pension to his widow, H er sense of his services, and his country's ready token of its gratitude.

W. A. N.

To1'quay, J (m . 16th, 1855.

C 0 N T Ji:: N 'f S.

CHAPTER I.

EARLY LIFE, l'AOE

Descout.-Educatiou.-Enters the An;ty.-Charnctcristic Ancc­dotos.- Promotion.-Accompanies Sn· George Arthur to Y an Diemon's Land 1- 12

CHAPTER H.

SERVICES IN VAN DIEMEN'S J,AND.

Arrival in Van Diomeu's Land.-Successive appointme.nts therc.­Sir George Arthur relinquishes th.e Govemment.;-H1s S~ccessor . - Cordial co-operation b.e~ween Sn·Joh!1 Fmnkhnnn~ 1\fr.l\fon­tagu.- Mr. Moutagu VlSJts E~1glaud m 1839.- _F11s retum to Van Diemon's Laud, and Pubhc Labors there.-ll'h.sunderstand­ing between the Lieutenant-Governor and the Coloma! ~ecretary. -Suspension of Mr. Moutagu from the Office of Coloma! Secrc­tary.-'fakes Mcasu~es for,returning to El!glau~.-'l';stimonials on leaving Van D1emen s Land.- Arr1ves 111 Englaud.­Addresses himself to Lord Stanley, Secretary of State fo1· the Colonies 13- 27

CHAPTER III.

CAPE OF OOOD llOPE.-FINANOE,

Arrival at Cape of Good Hope.-New System of FiMnce.-Debt and Difficulties of the Colony.-External State of the Country. -Mr. Montttg11's Scheme for the removal of the Colonial Debt. -Results of his Measures.-Steady increase of Public Revenue. -Decrease of Expenditure.- Improvements ·in the Colony.-Immigration, its urgent necessity.- Strongly advocated by Mr. Monta~u.-Sir Peregrine Maitland's despatch ou this Sub­ject.- Immigration still absolutely required.- Revenue ft·om Guano at Malagas Island.-From Customs' returns.-Healthy state of the Revenue in July, 1844.-Progress of the Colony.­Sir P. Maitland's acknowledgment of Mr. Moutagu's services in the .l<'inanoial Department at the Cape 28-61

CHAPTER I V.

PERSONAL DIFFICULTIES,

Position of Mr. Montagu at the Cape Colony.-Hospitality.-Losses in Van Diemen's Land.-Noble conduct nuder his Difficulties. -Letter to Sir J . Stephen, detailing his embal'l'assments.­Interesting Memoraudum.-Letter to Sir P. Maitland explain­ing his painful circumstances, and the inadequacy of his salary to e11nble him to extricate himself.-Letter to Lord Stauley.­Favorable testimony to Mr. Moutagu's services from Govemors Sir P. Maitland, Sir H. Pottinger, and Sir I-1. Smith, secondiug appliot~tion for increase of Salary.-Considcrate reception of

X CON'l'EN'I'S.

P"\ OE

his application by Earl Grey.-llis JJordship's announcement to Sir II . Smith, that an increase had been grantcd.-JJetter of acknowledgment from Mr. Monta&u to Sir H. Smith.-Opiniou in the Colony of the justne3s of tins Grant . . 62-90

CHAPTER V.

ADMINISTRATION OF SIR P . MAI TLAND AND Bin n. POTTINGER.

Ardnous duties of Mr. 1\iontagu during Sir P. Maitland's absence on the frontier.-Deputy Com¥tissary GenQral's testimony of • tl1e assistance he received froro. Mr. l\1outagtt's exertions throughout the Kaffir War of 1846 and 1847:-Arrival of Sir II. Pottinger as Governor.- Questious 1·egarding' the Eastern Frontier and Provinces.- 1\ir. Moutagtt's accmnulating. labors at this time.- Despatch of Sir H. Pottinger to Earl Grey, 'giving a summary of Public Measures during his Administration.-Letter from Sir H. Pottinger acknowledging Mr. Montagu's services 91-102

CHAPTER VI.

R OADS AND CONVICT LADOUR.

State of roads in the Cape Colony.-Effccts of this.- Mr. M:on­tagu's energies directed t o their Improvement.- System of Convict Labor.-Import:mce of the subject.-Convict Stations at the Cape.- Their great design to reform the Criminal .­Robben Island formerly a Penal Station.-Report on the state of Convicts tlim'e.-Comparison between t he Old and New Systems.- Mr. Mont~\gu's active diligence in the management of the New System.- Ilis own repor t of the working of the system of Convict Discipline.-'restimony of Sit• H. Smith to its success, in his despatch to Lord Grey.- J,ord Grey's reply, and recorded gratification at the f:worable results of the system.­Lord Stanley's testimony before the House of Lords t o Mr. Mon­tagu's able and efficient services in carrying out Convict Discipline.--The two great points of Mr. Montagu's system, Practical Usefulness and Moral Improvement 103-157

CHAPTER VII.

ROADS AND PASSES.

Passes open in the Colony previous to the present system of Convict Labor.-Hottentot's Holland I<loof.-Sir Lowry's Pass.-Cape Flats, formerly almost impassable.-Description of.-Hard road formed across the "Flats."- Difficulties of preserving it from the encroaching sauds.- Mr. l\1ontagu's diligence to effect this. -Method adopted to arrest the sands.-Old road over Cradock's !Goof, description of.-Preseut Montagu Pass.-Report of the " George Agricultural Society," of its benefit to the District.­Great )3rak River Height.- Michell's Pass.-Its effect on the surrounding Districts.-Line of Road from Port Elizabeth to Gral1am's 'fown.-The Zuurberg.-Baiu'!! Kloof what suggested the ide~\ of opening it.- Description of the Lltbor in construct­ing th~ new Road through.-Completion of.-Ccntrnl and Divi-

CON'l'l<JN'J'S. Xl

PAOFl sional Road Boards, Constitution and .Powers of.-Similar })Ian for the management of Roads, approved by the late Sir Robert PeeL-Mr. Montagu's tour to survey the state and capabilities of the Roads of the Colony.-Memorandum addressed by him on the subject to the Commissioners of the H.oad Board.-The Board's Minute on the same.-Mr. Monta~u's experience of the difficulties and dangers of Cape travelhng.- Description of modes of travelling at the Cape.-llorse-wagon.-Bullock­wagon.-Horsebaok -The amount of credit duo to Mr. Montagu in the improvement of the Public Roads.-Extract from Capo Magazine. - Result of better Roads ; Old and New Postal anaugements.- Rates of Postage.-Present Post Lines, and despatch in canying the MaiL-Harbour Improvements.-The Govemor's despatch to the Secretary of State for the Colonies on the subject. - Remarks on the present State of Table Bay 158-218

CHAPTER VIII.

RODDEN ISLAND.-JIOSPITAL FOR LUNATICS, CllRONIO SICK AND LEPEI\8.

Robben Island, its position, and to what appropriated.-Mr. Mon­tagu's visit of mspection to.- Report on its salubrity and general fitness as an Asylum for Chronic Sioknesses.-Robben Island converted to this use.-Appeamnce of the Island, and the present Buildings there.-Departments for the Sick and diseased Lunatics.-Incurables.-Striking kindness of the Sick one to another.-Lepers.-Grateful recollections of Mr. Mon­tngu exllressed by the Sufferers at Robben l sbnd.-Testimony of a. vis1tor to the Island, as to its admirable management.­Somerset HospitaL-Other Public undertakings for the relief of Suffering Humanity.-Life-boats.-J,ight-houses . 219-233

CHAPTER IX.

JUDICIAL REFORM.

Judicial I!1stitution~ of the 9olo~y.---;-Judicial Reform suggested.­Commlttee a.ppcmted to mqmre mto the System of administer­ing Justice throughout the Colony.-Meeting of the Legislative Council to debate on the Report of the Committee.-Speech of Mr. 1\font~u on the occasiou.-Outline of the scheme of alterations m the administration of J ustice.- In what respects the scheme of the majority was received favorably by the Secre-tary of State, and in what respects disapproved 234-279

CHAPTER X.

ECCLESIASTICAL GRANTS.

Ecclesiastical Grants ~n the Colony. - Various Churches there acknowledged. by tne Govemment.-Appointment of a Bishop over the Enghsh Church.-Grant proposed for the Travelling expenses of the Bishop, and for an Archdenoon.-Speech of Mr. Montngu in defence of these Grants.- State of the Members of the English Church before the appointment of a Bishop.­'l'heir Memorial to the Committee of the Colonial Bishops' Fund.

• Xll CONTJ~N 'l'S.

PAGE

Letter to the Bishop of London from Sir J. Brenton on the spiritual wants of the Colony.-l\Iany of the evils mentioned in this letter, now removed.- Progress of the English Church at the Cape since the Bishop's arriYal.- Contrast in its position within a })eriod of eight years.- Energetic labors of the Bishop .of Cape Town.-Grauts of Land made to the English Church.­Grauts mai!e to the Dutch Church, to Missionary Societies, and other Religious Bodies in the Colony.-1\fr. l\loutagu's co1iduct in Ecclesiastical Matters . · . . . 280-308

CHAP'l'E R XI. ... . GOYJ RNMFiN'l' SOllEME of EDUOATIO~.

At what Education should aim.-Former lack of the means of Education in the Colony.-Defective and pemicious State of Instruction.- Etforts made to introduce a System for Public Instruction by Sir J . Bell and Sir J. Herschel.-'£hese efforts seconded by the Governor, Sir G. Napier, and by the Home Government.-New System introduced.-Superiutendent-Gene­ral of Education.-Government Heport of Schools.-Conditions on which Govemment allowances are granted.-First Class Schools.-Second Class Schools.-Aid to Parish Schools.-l\lis­sion Schools.- South African College.-Bishop's' College.-How far l\Ir. Montagu was concerned in the Public Scheme ·of Educa-tion.-Schcol of Instruction for Girls in Cape 'l'own 309- 319

CHAPTER XII.

SII~ H. SMI Tll' S OOYEilN~!El\"1',-ANTI-CONVlOT AGITATION.

Arrival of Sir H. Smith as Governor.- His Measures on the Fron­tier.-Mr. Montagu left in charge of th'e Civil Administration.­Increase of labor in Mr. Montagu's Department.-Sir· H. Smith's Despatch referring to the onerous duties of the Colonial Office.- I nsurrection nuder Pretorius.-Sir H. Smith proceeds to the Orange River. -llattle of Boem-Plaats.-Causes which led to the Anti-Convict Agitation.-Reasons why the Cape was unfitted for Convicts with "'rickets of Lcave.''- Alarm of the Colony at the proposition to send them.-Good intent ions of the Secretary of State for the Colonies.- Extract from Despatch in proof of this.-Anti-Convict Association.-The Pledge.-'l'he "Neptune" enters Simons Bay.-Proceedings of the Colonists on this occasiou.-Conduct of l\1r. l\'lontagu.-Allegation that he was instrumental in the proposal to introduce Convicts into the Colony.-His Speech in reply.-Acquitted by the Secretary of State for the Colonies of having taken any initiative steps in this matter 320-346

CHAPTER XIII.

REPRESENTATIVE INSTITUTIONS.

Projected cha.uge in the Constitution of the Colony.-Vast impor­tance of the quest.ion to the Colonists.-l\1r. M:ontagu '13 view of this question.-Application of the Colonists of the Cape of Good Hope to the Home Government for a Representative form of

CON1'EN'J'S. Xlll

l'AOE Government.-Extract from a Despatch to Sir II. Pottinger from tho Secretary of State for the Colonies with reference to this application.-Sir H. Smith, on his return from the Kafit· war March 1848, takes steps to fur ther the New Constitution. -His Min~te to the Judges and Members of the Executive Couuoil asking for any remarks on an accompanying Memo­randum' as to the Form of Representative Government.-Mr. Montagu's Memorandum on the subject.-Draft of a Constitu-tion prepared by the Board of 'frade and Plantations.-'l'he vacanoies in the old Legislative Council filled up.-Meeting of the newly formed CounciL-Resignation of the four elected Membors.-Remnining Members appointed a Commission by the Govornor.-'fheir scheme for a New Form ofConstitution.­Draft of the four retiring Members.-Chief points of difference in the two sohemos.- Additional Iustructions.-Ordor from the Govornor.- Its result.-Mr. Montagu's conduct on this occasion. -Arrival of Sir G. Cathcart as Govemor, and C. H. Darling, Esq. as Lieutenant-Governor.-Mr. Montagu advised to seek rest 'and a. restoration of health in England.-Vindication of Mr. Montagu's proceedings during this critical period.-His firmness and high sense of duty.-Petition for his removal from Office.­Secretary of State's Reply.-Review of the part taken by Mr. Montagu on tho Constitution Question.-Concluding remnrks and expressed wishes on this period of the Political History of the Cape of Good Hope 347-396

CHAPTER XIV.

KAFIR W AU OF 1850-lH.

Apparent Peace in Kafraria at the commencement of the year 18110.-Stato of the Kafirs.-Drought.-UmlanJeni the Wizard Dootor.-Police sent to take him.-Secret Meetmgs of the Kafir Ohiefs.-Apprehensicns cu the Froutier.-Sir H. Smith embarks for Katlr Laud.-Meets the Kafir Ohiefs.-Retums to Cape Town.-After fifteen days hastens to Kafir Land.- Issues a Proclamation.-Decisive motives amongst the Kafirs.- Sit· H. Smith moves .forward to Fort Cox.- Conflict with the Kafirs.­Oolonel ~aekmnon's account of this.-Desertiou of Kafir Police --f?ir, H. Smith hemmed in by the enemy at .l<'ort Cox.-De~ scr1pt10n , of the Fort and Kafir Seenery.-Colonel Somerset sends rehef to the Governor.-The supply and escort inter­cepted.-Description of the encounter.- Sir H. Smith sallies forth from the F.ort and proceeds to King William's 'fown.­Hot.ten.tot Re~eiiJon.:-Mr. M:~ut~gu's exertions in raising and e9.u1ppmg Lev1es.-Sn· H. Sm1th s acknowledgment of his ser­VIces.-Letter showing the active duties which devolved on Mr. Montagu at this time.-Testimony of Colonel Eyre to the great aid t·eudered by his exertions to the troops. . 397-417

CHAPTER XV.

LAST IJ,LNF.SS AND DF.A'l'fl .

Ont-ro',ls duties of Mr. ~outagu during the years l 85I-52.-His dihgeueo and apphcat10n to the various requirements pressiug

X 1V CO~'EN~'S. •

PAOE

upon him.-His high sense of duty.- Conscnts to seck rest in Rngla.nd.-Sails from the Cape, May 2.- lJands in England in J unc.- Statc of his health on landing, and for some months after his cessation from hnsincss.-His own dcsct·iption of his state of health and mental dcprcssion.~J,etter on his behalf from Sir G. Napier.-Serious attack.- Symptoms that lhis illness was more alarming than he had anticipated.-IIis firm-ness of mind on hem·ing this.- Rcmoves to Brighton.-Ilis sickness causes further apprehcnsion.- llis frame of mind during his illness.- His disp.osal of h'is time and thoughts.­Close self-examination.---,Rev. Mr. Maitland's account of his state of mind in his sickness.- 'l'cstimony of the Bishop of Cape Town.-Nearer approach of Death.- He solemnly nerves himself to meet it.- Great bodily exhaustion.- Trariquil Death.-His end premature.-His funeral.- '.l'he news of his decease re· ceived with every mark of regret at the Colonial Office.-'Gene­rous conduct of the Duke of Newcastle.-His Despatch to Governor Sir G. Cathcart. - Regret and sympathy manifested at his Death, and for his Widow and Children.-Testimony of Sir George Arthur.-~Iemorial from Capo Merchants resident in Lond-:m, on l)ehalf of the bereaved family.-News of his death how received at the Cape.- Sermon preached in Cape Town. referring to his character and deceasc.- Closing re-marks 418-448

CHAPTER XVI.

Cl!ARACTE!t.

Public chamcter- Self-relir.ncc.- Grasp of conception.-Cnpabili­tics for public service.- Firmness.-Stcady vigilance.- Great influcnce.-Sensitiveness in discharge of duty.-Great honesty of purpose.-Private character.- Decision and energy.-Simple Ultostentation.-Blntneless integrity.- Steady friendship.-Ex­trcrne sensibility.-Depth of religious feeling.-General Con-clusion 449-470

APPENDIX

ERRA'fA.

p. 41, I. 25, for 1,401l. 1'7s. ll fd. rend 14,00ll. 17s. ll ~rl. p. '72, I. 34, for son rend sons. p. 159, I. 21, for 'l'able Bay rend Jlal8r. Bay. p. 166, I. 13, for pnrellel rend pnm llel. p. 202, I. '7, for em~cted rend a ffected. p. 215, I. 5, for [Jit:e read [Jit·elb. p. 235, I. 20, for nnalagoua r~nd nnnlogona. p. 254, l. 30, for called j o1· rend called on. p. 313, I. 15, for a shape rend the shnro. p. 399, I. 25, before ltacl insert they. p. 441, I. 32, for localrond Colonial. p. 458, l. 20, for the r end Ms. p. 460: I. 28'; for sncrificclrencl sncrifrcecl.

. 471

1,1 ST Olt' SUBSCRIBERS.

COPY. COI'Y. Earl of Aberdeen 1 Mrs Domvillo 1 Lacly Aberdour . . 1 Ron. nne! Hov. Henry Douglas 1 C. A. Adderley, Esq., M.P. 1 Miss Adams 1 :lfarquis of Exeter 1 General Sir George Arthur 2 William Earle, Esq .. 1 Mf\ior Arthur . 1 lllrs. Hiehnrd Enrlo 1 Miss A. Arthur 1 Miss H. Ebdcn 1 Uev. Thomas Anderson 1 Thos. Erskine, Bsq., Linlnthnn 1 Duke of Dueclcueh 1

Gordon Forbes, Esq. 1 Captain F. W. Balfour, Rifle Bl'i· 1 1\lrs. Serymesoure l!'otheringhnm 1 gade . . .

llfrs. B. l!'rere . 1 Captain Banco, R N. 1 Uev. James Fuss~ll 1 1\Uss Barrln~ton • 1

Sir Goor~e arrow . 1 Earl Grey A. Barwe I, Esq. . 2 1

Charles Bayley, Esq. • 1 Countess Groy 1 W. Butterworth Bayley, Esq. 1 Gorden Gnirdncr, Esq. G Captain Dolton . . 1 John Godfrey, Esq. 1 Captain J. P . IJowCI·, U.N. 1 Lady Gore 2 Miss Graham Bower . 1 Miss Gore 1 l\11\jor Bower .. 1 Robert Goff, Esq. 1 James Bristow, Esq. . 1 John Gould Gent, Esq. G General Sir IIonry Bunbury 1 J. E. Gray, Esq. 1 Charles Busk, Esq. . 1 Joseph Busk, Esq. 1 Countess Howe 1

W. H. Hamilton, Esq. l fJOrd Bishop of Capo Town 5 Mrs. General Hamilton l r.ord Charles 1'. Clinton 1 Benjamin Hawes, Esq. 1 Hon. Lndy Inglis Cochrane 1 E. J . Harrington, Esq. 1 l..ord Colchester . . 1 William Hawkins, Esq. 1 1t£ies Uochfort Clark 2 ;\frs. Walter Hemming l William Cosens, Esq. 3 C. Higgs, Bsq. 1 Cape •rown, Subscribers at Gl Colonel B. Hitchins 1 Lady Worsley HolmcK 1 Earl of Derby . . 1

Lady ED1ily Drummoml 1 Lord Frcclcric Kerr Mrs. Denerklo . 1 William Dickson, Es\ 1 S. l\1. r~eako, Esq. I William Drummond ~sq. 1 Captain Littlchalcs 1

~

XVl LIS'l' OF SUDSCRI13ImS.

' COPY. J\Iarchi~ncss of Queensbury

COP Y.

Duke of J\Innchester 6 1

Viscount J\Iandeville 1 J,ady Sarnh J\Iaitland 2 Duke of Richmond 1

Lt.·Col. Maitland (Qren. Guards) 1 Sir Frederick Roe 1

Major Jllarsden .. ·' 1 John Round, Esq. . 1

' Herman 1\Ierivale, Esq. 1 Lady Alexander Russell 1

J ohn Jllilford, Esq. 1 W. H . J\Iitehell, Esq. 5 oGenernl Sir Harry Smith .. 5

,\dmiral John J\Iontagu 1· Lord llish&p of Sydney 1

Admiral James J\Iontagu 1 Wm. Salmon, Bsq. 1

Major George l\1ontagu 5 Mr. Dower St. Clair . 1

Alexander lllontgomerie, Esq. 1 Jl1rs. Valentine Smith 1

J\Irs.J\Iontgomcrie (Anwick Lodge) 1 Doctor Squibb 1 Colonel Stuart 1

Duke of Newcastle 1 1\Iiss Stuart 1

Genera.\ Sir George T. Napier 1 Lord Bishop of Natal 1 Lady 'rhomns . 2

Lady Georgina Needham 4 Lady 'l' rouhriclgo 1

Richard Nation, Esq. 2 Mri!. J. S. •ranquomy 1

Jib'S. Nation 1 J\Irs. 'l'urncr 2

Rev. J. Newman 1 Jl[iss 'l'hain 2 George Todd, Esq. 1

Lord Bishop of Oxford 1 J\Iiss 'l'ownseml 1

Lady Louisa Oswald 1 Captain Tucker, RN. 1

Alex. Oswald, Esq. (Auehin· L. U. •rwentyman, Esq. 1

oruive) Uharlos •rysscn, Esq. 1

Sir John Pakiugton 5 Doctor Van der Byl 1

Lady Pakington 2 Rev. W. Parish 1 Hon. Henry Walpole 1

W. Parke, Esq. 1 Colonel W. Watkins 1

Rev. '1'. Pearse 1 Richard Pelham Warren, Esq. 2

Admiral the Hon. J. Percy 1 R. Woosnnm, Esq. 1

Hon. M1'S. Josceline Percy 1 Francis W or;;ley, Esq. 1

1\Ira. Heber Percy 1 Leonard Wol'Sley, Esq. 1

Hon. J\Irs. Bertie Percy 1 Miss Worsley . 1

General Sir Henry Pottinger 1 Colonel Wroughton 1

Major-General Porter 1 Cnptain Wyvill, R.N. 1

Rev. Charles Porter 1 Captain Porter, R.N. 1 Major-General Y orko 1