Front cover

S. Bari, R. Hoekstra, T. Schlatholter, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 12 (2010)3376, front cover article, themed issue: ”Biomolecular structure: fromisolated molecules to living cells”

Editors Catherine RigolletDaniel Boer

Editorial assistance Amarins Petitiaux

Printing Grafisch Centrum, Facilitair Bedrijf, RuG

Preface

3

The Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut (KVI) of the University of Gronin-gen focuses on fundamental research in atomic and subatomicphysics. KVI priority issues concern the understanding of the threefundamental forces and the fundamental symmetries known fromnature and described in the Standard Model of particle physics.Searches for New Physics beyond Standard Theory in precisionexperiments stand central. The scientific results obtained and thetechnology developed to conduct the fundamental research enableus to provide significant contributions in applied fields. Particularemphasis was therefore given in 2009 to the interaction of particlebeams from the KVI AGOR cyclotron and the KVI Low Energy IonFacility with biological material experiments to understand particletumor treatment at its very basis.

Scientific research at KVI is conducted in six research lines whichoverlap largely in their daily work and report their achievements inthis volume. Let me just highlight few of the news: the widely attendedvery successful European Cyclotron Progress Meeting (ECPM) whichwas organized by a team around Sytze Brandenburg and held inthe Hampshire Hotel Plaza Groningen; the project awarded to PeterDendooven and Dennis Schaart (TU Delft) for research on use ofPET with proton therapy in the framework of the FOM-programme’New physical instruments for health care’, the startup of researchwork with the BESIII facility in Beijing (China) on hadron physicsin close connection with the PANDA experiment and the successfulKVI-GSI collaboration; the trapping of radium ions and spectroscopyof their excited states; the theoretical advances in the understandingof weak interaction effects in atoms; the break-up experiments of DNAmolecules subjected to ion beams; and the introduction of a prototypesystem of detectors for radiowave radiation originating from cosmicrays at the Pierre Auger Laboratory in Argentina. The collaborationwith the university hospital in Groningen (UMCG) toward a protontumor treatment facility gained significant body and produced im-portant results concerning comparative studies of biological effectscaused by gamma and particle radiation in living cell cultures. Thisunderlines again the role of Groningen as a prime and leading place inthe country in the development of particle therapy and of associatedbasic scientific research.

The KVI scientific staff has been strengthened by promotions and newappointments: Ad van den Berg was appointed adjunct professor forastroparticle physics at the University of Groningen. Olaf Scholtenfrom the theory research line was appointed extra-ordinary professorfor dynamical processes in nuclear and astro physics. Daniel Boerfrom the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam joined the theory group to workon particle theory. Steven Hoekstra came from the Fritz Haber Institutin Berlin and started in a tenure track position in the TRIµP researchline, where he will investigate parity violating effects in cold molecules.

4

The year 2009 brought also administrative change to KVI. A newdirectorate took office, Rob Timmermans joined me as scientificdeputy director from January and the technical deputy director Advan den Berg was succeeded by Emiel van der Graaf in July. KVI isan interfaculty research institute directly reporting to the Board ofGovernors of the University of Groningen. Following the very success-ful evaluation of the TRIµP research programme by an internationalexpert panel the Dutch foundation for fundamental research of matter(FOM) grouped the former research programmes TRIµP and AGOR tobecome a FOM focus group Fundamental symmetries and interactions- Trapped Radioactive Isotopes as micro laboratories for fundamentalPhysics . This focus group and all the FOM activities, in particularthose in the framework of national programmes Theoretical particlephysics in the era of the LHC and The origin of cosmic rays, form onesingle FOM working group.

In the course of the year a new and very exciting concept emerged fora soft X-ray producing free electron laser at KVI: Z-FEL. We realizedthat a compact linear accelerator with 2.5 GeV energy and fs pulselength can be realized at modest costs using the CLIC acceleratortechnology developed at CERN for the next generation particle ac-celerators and which exploits novel X-band microwave technology.The laser will consist of an electron source, the accelerator and anundulator system in which the relativistic electron beam generates anintense coherent pulse of X-rays. The total length of the laser can bekept below 100 m, less than the size of the KVI building, to generateultrabright light at a wavelength of some 0.5 nm. Z-FEL promises tobe competitive with the two presently operating and also the plannedinternational forefront facilities in the world. Due to its laser expertiseKVI is particularly suited to develop a seeded facility. Applications ofcoherent soft X-ray beams cover research fields such as atomic andmolecular physics, clusters, condensed matter, magnetism, biologicalstructures, data storage and fundamental interactions. This opens awealth of unique opportunities for top research in collaboration withcolleagues at the faculty for mathematics and natural sciences at theUniversity of Groningen, in universities and research institutes in theNetherlands and with scientists from all over the world. The KVI staffis highly motivated to accept the challenges at the manageable edgeof technology and the forefront of science coming with the excitingZ-FEL project.

Klaus Jungmann June 2010

Contents

5

Research Highlights:

Accelerator R&D and medical applications 7

Astroparticle Physics 11

Atomic and Molecular Physics 15

TRIµP: Fundamental Symmetries and Interactions 19

Nuclear and Hadron Physics 23

Theoretical Physics 27

Education and Outreach 31

Personnel Overview 33

Scientific Output:

Publications 39

Conference proceedings and eprints 47

Ph.D. Theses 49

Contributions to conferences, workshops, etc. 50

Organized conferences and workshops 57

Seminars at KVI 58

Seminars and colloquia given outside KVI 61

Press 62

Accelerator R&D andmedical applications

7

Towards high intensity heavy ion beamsIn 2009 the AGOR cyclotronwas operated for experiments forabout 2200 hours, comparable toprevious years. Machine avail-ability was over 85 %, compara-ble with previous years. The maincontribution to machine down-time has been the breakdown ofone of the electromagnetic extrac-tion channels.In october of 2009 the KVI accel-erator group organised the bien-nial European Cyclotron ProgressMeeting together with the PET-center of the University Medi-cal Center Groningen (UMCG).The three-day conference was at-tended by over eighty partici-pants. Preceding the conferencea one day educational session,which was held for the first time,had over fifty participants.The intensity of the low energyheavy ion beams for TRIµP hascontinued to increase. New devel-opments are underway to furtherimprove these beams and addi-tional plans for the coming yearsare being developed.Recent recommendations by gov-ernment advisory boards havebrought the introduction of pro-ton therapy in the Netherlands

much closer. The KVI is collab-orating with the UMCG on thetechnical aspects and require-ments for such a facility. A new,ambitious research program onparticle therapy in collaborationwith the Paul Scherrer Institut(PSI) and several Dutch institu-tions is being proposed. The ex-isting research in TOF-PET at KVIand the successful radiobiologyprogram in collaboration with theUMCG will be integrated in thisnew program.For the coming years we expectthe utilisation of the facility toremain at the same level. Thepreviously observed growth of ir-radiation services, essentially tothe space industry, has not con-tinued in 2009, presumably dueto the economic circumstances.We will continue to provide theseservices but the planned exten-sion to heavy ion beams has beenpostponed until demand is in-creasing again. The porting ofthe AGOR control system to anew platform based on Vsystemin a Linux environment is nearlycompleted with only a few compo-nents still being controlled by theold rtVAX-based system. Also the

8

Comparison of mea-sured and simulateddata (shown below) ofthe 4D-emittance meterat the location of theimage after the ECRISanalysing magnet fora 4He1+ beam. Thebeam passes througha vertical array of 20µm holes with a 2 mmspacing.

renewal of the PLC control of thecryogenic system and its integra-tion in the main control systemhave made significant progress,only the liquefier remains on theold system. We expect to com-plete both operations by the endof 2010. The user-friendly track-ing facility in the new control sys-tem has been a very valuable helpin the analysis of complex faultconditions, in particular in thecryogenic system.Towards the end of 2009 a wa-terleak occurred in one of thewindings of the electromagneticextraction channel EMC1, whichhad been in operation since 2004.X-ray photographs showed notonly the expected erosion in thesharp corners but also pittingcorrosion on certain surfaces,which was also responsible forthe leak. Subsequent X-ray anal-ysis of the other windings of thechannel did not reveal any fur-ther serious damage. We have notyet found a satisfactory explana-tion for the phenomenon. A newwinding is currently in produc-tion to ensure future reliable op-eration.The further development of theAGOR-facility focusses on in-creasing the intensity of beamsof very heavy ions (e.g. 206Pb at8 MeV per nucleon) by an orderof magnitude to 1012 particles persecond, corresponding to a beampower beyond 200 W. To achievethis goal improvements of sev-eral aspects that directly or indi-rectly limit the beam intensity forthese beams, which are summa-rized below, are underway.In 2009 we completed a sys-tem for monitoring and control ofbeam losses in the cyclotron andhigh energy beamlines, which al-lows safe operation with heavyion beams at the kW level. Thesystem controls the maximum in-tensity of the injected beam onthe basis of the transmission inthe cyclotron and the differentsections of the high energy beam-

lines and reduces the beam in-tensity to a safe level when diag-nostics equipment is put into thebeam.The construction of a new elec-trostatic deflector with indirectlycooled septum and cathode isnearing completion. The watercooled aluminium nitride insula-tors have been tested success-fully at maximum voltage (50 kV)over extended periods of time. Asan additional safeguard a cooledpre-septum of tungsten, capa-ble of withstanding up to 1 kWheavy ion beams has been imple-mented.The pumping speed in the accel-eration chamber is conductancelimited even when the cryopumpsin the acceleration electrodes arein use. Improvement of the beamtransmission can thus only beachieved by reducing the sourceterm due to beam loss inducedoutgassing, which dominates thepressure for heavy ion beams atthe intensities requested by theexperiment.Over the last few years severalgroups have done substantial re-search on this issue, that is alsorelevant for high intensity heavyion beams at accelerators such asthe SIS18-synchrotron at GSI. Onthe basis of this work we havedecided to apply a gold coatingto the parts of the acceleratingchamber onto which particles im-pinge following charge exchangecollisions with the residual gas.This is expected to reduce thebeam loss induced outgassing bya factor 10. In addition we arelooking into the possibilities tofurther improve the base pres-sure of the acceleration chamber(currently 3 × 10−7 mbar). Afterthese measures the cyclotron it-self will no longer be a limitingfactor in achieving the requestedbeam intensities. Measurementswith the 4D emittance meter haveshown important second orderaberrations and transverse cou-plings in the phase space distri-

9

bution of the beams from theECR ion source. The measure-ments are in good agreementwith simulations, which indicatethat these aberrations are mainlycaused by the dipole magnets inthe beam line. The calculationsshow that adding sextupoles nearto the dipoles or applying sex-tupole corrections to the mag-netic field strongly reduces theseeffects and result in a signifi-cantly higher transmission to thecyclotron. The optimization ofthe whole beam line in secondorder is now being studied anda stepsize implementation of thenecessary modifications is beingplanned.Also in the injection beamline anintensity dependence of the pres-sure and thus of the transmissionhas been observed. The reduc-tion of the beam losses by improv-

ing the beam optics will partlyremedy this problem but restor-ing the base vacuum to the 3 ×10−8 mbar original design valuealso is a priority. In particu-lar the vacuum in the 4 m longvertical beam line into the cy-clotron, which is currently onlypumped at the bottom and by thecyclotron, should be improved.We are investigating the suitabil-ity of NEG-based pumps for thisbeamline. On the basis of mea-surements we expect the overalltransmission to improve by up toa factor two.The capture efficiency with theexisting first harmonic sinusoidalbuncher has been measured tobe around 35 %. An additionalbuncher operating at second har-monic or with a sawtooth voltagewill be installed to increase thisefficiency by about a factor two.

Development of state-of-the-art proton radiotherapy

In 2009 the perspectives for pro-ton therapy in the Netherlandshave significantly improved. Boththe Health Council and theHealth Care Board have pub-lished reports concluding thatproton therapy should be inte-grated in the basic health carein the Netherlands for certain in-dications. We expect that thisconclusion of the two main bod-ies advising the government onhealth care issues will lead to apositive decision in the near fu-ture.In close collaboration with theRadiation Oncology departmentof the University Medical CenterGroningen (UMCG) we are nowpreparing the detailed specifica-tions for the future clinical protontherapy facility at the UMCG.In addition, an ambitious re-search programme integratingthe major issues relevant for theassessment to which extent thefundamental, physics-based ad-vantages of particle therapy canenable a better treatment for var-

ious indications, has been de-fined by a consortium consist-ing of UMCG, KVI, PSI, UniversityTwente and Nikhef:1) improve the understandingof the biological mechanisms ofradiation-induced normal tissuedamage and the relative biologicaleffectiveness of protons and car-bon ions in normal tissues;2) establish predictive models forradiation-induced side effects, inparticular on the relationship be-tween radiation dose distribu-tions in critical organs and theprobability of radiation-inducedtoxicity;3) improve the quality of chargedparticle irradiations, focussingon: (1) dosimetry (2) tumour mo-tion during irradiation (3) im-provement of the accuracy of thedelivered dose distribution and(4) design of new instruments forbeam delivery;4) assess the cost-effectiveness ofcharged particle therapy in com-parison with photons based onthe dose distributions and expec-

10

Time-of-flight spec-tra measured for 511keV photons from22Na decay with smallLaBr3:Ce detectors. Thetime scale has beencalibrated by changingthe source position

Structural change dis-tribution in lung tissueafter irradiation with150 MeV protons. Theyellow contour indi-cates the irradiatedarea

ted treatment outcomes derivedfrom treatment planning and pre-dictive models respectively.The aim of this programme isthe overall optimization of the useof particle irradiations in radia-tion oncology in order to achievein a cost-effective manner a sig-nificant reduction of radiation-induced long-term side effects aswell as an increased tumour con-trol.Positron emission tomography(PET) can be used to verify the3D-distribution of the delivereddose in particle therapy (in-vivodosimetry), exploiting the weakradioactivity induced in the pa-tient’s body. To achieve therequired image quality the sen-sitivity of PET should be sub-stantially increased. The on-going development in collabora-tion with TU Delft of time-of-flightPET (TOF-PET) based on mono-lithic LaBr3:Ce detectors, pixel-lated silicon photomultipliers andnovel signal read-out and anal-ysis techniques offers interest-ing perspectives for this. Witha small scale prototype systema time resolution of 100 ps hasalready been achieved. Portingthis resolution to a complete PETsystem will result in a signifi-cant improvement of the signal-to-background ratio and conse-quently of the sensitivity. To as-sess the specifications requiredfor a TOF-PET system to deliverdata of the quality needed for in-vivo dosimetry in particle therapywe will, in collaboration with TUDelft, perform large scale simula-tions of the whole process. Thisproject has been funded by FOMin a call for proposals in healthcare instrumentation.In the radiotherapy of lung tu-mours radiation induced pneu-monitis and fibrosis in thehealthy lung tissue is a factor lim-iting the radiation dose that canbe administered. In the radiobiol-

ogy programme of UMCG and KVIwe have studied this problem attwo levels.Following feasibility tests in 2008we performed a number of irra-diations of cell cultures with 12Cbeams and X-rays. The radiationinduced upregulation of the PAI-1 enzyme, which is involved in fi-brosis, has been compared withcell survival as a function of dose.The data show that the dose re-sponse function of the enzymeupregulation for X-rays and 12Cis similar, while the cell survivalshows the well-known high radio-biological effectiveness of 12C ascompared to the X-rays.Using an animal model the pos-sibilities to use CT-images asa diagnostic tool for fibrosiswas studied. The local struc-tural change of the lung tis-sue was determined by compar-ing the CT-density distributionin mm3 volume elements, char-acterized by its µ and σ, for ir-radiated and non-irradiated ani-mals. The observed overall struc-tural change derived from the CT-scans strongly correlates with theradiation dose. Comparison ofthe overall structural change withthat for breathing rate (functionalchange) and observed histologi-cal changes shows in all casesa clear correlation. From theseobservations it is concluded thatCT-images can be used to quan-tify local radiation effects andtranslate them into loss of globalpulmonary function after partiallung irradiation.

The biomedical research pro-gramme is conducted in collabo-ration with P. van Luijk, J.H Lan-gendijk, UMCG Department ofRadiation Oncology; R.P. Coppes,UMCG Department of Cell Bi-ology University Medical CenterGroningen and J.M. Schippers,PSI, Villigen, Switzerland andUMCG.

Astroparticle Physics

11

The high-energy Universe mapped with multi messengers

An overlay of the Ac-tive Galactic NucleusCentaurus-A in X-ray(NASA), radio (VLA) andoptical (ESO). This com-posite image providesmore detail showinghow the arcs maybe created by tiltingbi-polar jets eruptingfrom the rotating centerof Centaurus A. Thelobes might act as theacceleration sites forcosmic rays. Credit:NASA/CXC/CfA/R. Kraftet al.

Astroparticle physics at the KVIaddresses the origin of very highenergy cosmic particles either be-ing neutrinos or cosmic rays.Suspected sources are Gamma-Ray Bursters or Active GalacticNuclei, but until today no con-vincing proof has been given thatthese most violent processes inthe Universe are indeed the originof these high energy particles.Ultra-high energy neutrinos willpropagate in a straight line fromthe location where they have beencreated to the observer and thuscarry direct information on theirsource. Ultra-high energy cos-mic rays are most likely chargedparticles and can therefore bedeflected in (inter-)galactic mag-netic fields. Furthermore, theycan interact with photons whilethey travel through the cosmosleading to various reaction prod-ucts, e.g. high-energy neutrinos.Cosmic rays beyond energies of1018 eV are being observed rou-tinely using well-known detectiontechniques; high-energy cosmicneutrinos have not been observedyet, but we expect that in thenear future many cosmic neutri-

nos will be detected with the newinstruments presently being de-ployed or engineered.Because the flux of neutrinos andcosmic rays at very high energiesis very small, observations haveto be made with very large in-struments. The Pierre Auger col-laboration operates its 3000 km2

large observatory in Argentina forthe observation of neutrinos andcosmic rays at energies higherthan 1017 eV; the NuMoon collab-oration uses arrays of radio tele-scopes (WSRT and LOFAR) in theNetherlands to observe these par-ticles at energies beyond 1021 eV,and the ANTARES/KM3NeT col-laboration operates and devel-ops deep-sea neutrino telescopesANTARES and KM3NeT, whichare sensitive to the detection ofneutrinos with energies above1011 eV.

Results from the PierreAuger Observatory

The Pierre Auger collaborationhas improved the accuracy on thedata for the flux spectrum and forthe composition of cosmic rays at

12

The average positionand the reduced-mean-square value of theshower maximum forcosmic rays as a func-tion of energy. The linesin these plots indicatepredictions of these pa-rameters based on vari-ous models.

the highest energies. At an en-ergy of about 3 × 1019 eV theflux spectrum depletes stronglyas compared to a simple power-law spectrum. This feature canbe explained if the highest en-ergy cosmic rays are protons oriron nuclei. For protons the de-pletion can be explained if theyinteract with photons from thecosmic wave background radia-tion, creating high-energy neutri-nos in this so-called GZK pro-cess. For iron nuclei the de-pletion is explained if they in-teract with UV-photons leadingto photon-disintegration of thesenuclei.Of course, another explanation isthat the cosmic sources are notcapable to accelerate particles tothese high energies. Just belowthe energy of the GZK thresh-old (5 × 1019 eV) the data fromthis observatory indicate that thecomposition changes from light toheavy nuclei; see the side figure.To resolve the composition ques-tion a new detection technique isunder development. This effortwhich is based on the detectionof coherent radio emission fromthe shower front in the frequencyrange between 20 - 80 MHz is ledby the KVI. A prototype for such adetector is the Multi-Antenna eX-periment in Malargue Argentina(MAXIMA). As a next step a largerdetector called the Auger Engi-neering Radio Array (AERA) willbe installed in 2010-2011. KVIcontributes through the develop-ment of theories for radio emis-sion from extensive air showersusing macroscopic models and bythe design and production of ana-log electronics, photo-voltaic sys-tems, and offline analysis tech-niques. In this decade we fore-see that a much larger radio-detection system will be installedat the Pierre Auger Observatory.This system, called MAXIMA300,

will cover an area of 300 km2

and has been designed to deter-mine the composition of cosmicrays around and beyond the GZKthreshold.An important step has been madein 2009 by reducing the noise lev-els in the hardware used at theobservatory allowing us for thefirst time to find self-triggered ra-dio events with the hardware de-veloped together with the groupfrom the Radboud University inNijmegen. Furthermore, a com-parison of our macroscopic calcu-lations with those based on mi-croscopic models and with mea-sured data, indicates that ourunderstanding of the emissionmechanism has improved sub-stantially.

Search for ultra-high en-ergy neutrino impacts onthe Moon using LOFAR

The NuMooon project takes ad-vantage of the fact that the Moonhas a huge natural volume forthe detection of neutrinos andcosmic rays. Inside the Moonsuch a particle creates a cascadeof secondary particles, called thehadronic shower. This ener-getic shower sweeps out electronsin the material creating a netcharged cloud moving with al-most the light velocity. Since theindex of refraction is considerablydifferent from unity, Cherenkovradiation is emitted. The peakintensity occurs at a frequencyof about 3 GHz where the radi-ation is concentrated in a rathersharp Cherenkov cone. At lowerfrequencies the angular spread ofthe emission increases. At 100-200 MHz the wavelength is com-parable to the longitudinal extentof the shower giving the maximalangular spread and probability ofdetecting the radio pulse. This we

13

The limit on UHE neu-trinos obtained fromobservations with theWSRT is compared withthose of other experi-ments and some modelcalculations.

Relative light collectionefficiency, measuredwith laser light of 405nm, as function of ra-dius, measured fromthe center of the PMT.

have exploited in our observa-tions with the Westerbork Syn-thesis Radio Telescope (WSRT)and has resulted in the moststringent flux limit at the highestenergies (see upper side figure).LOFAR (Low Frequency Array) isa new concept radio telescopethat is presently being rolled-outin the Netherlands and other Eu-ropean countries. The same fig-ure shows the detection sensi-tivity limits, which can be ob-tained with one week of observa-tion with the LOFAR core (blue)and 1 month of full E-LOFAR(red).Another field of interest is tounderstand in more detail thestructure of the emitted radiationas this may allow us to distin-guish pulses generated by neu-trinos from those of cosmic rays.In addition, the pulse shape isexpected to depend on the an-gle between the line of sight andthe direction of the initial particlewhich can be used to improve thedirectional sensitivity of the Nu-Moon measurements.

Neutrino detection withthe deep-sea telescopesANTARES and KM3NeT

The ANTARES deep-sea neutrinotelescope, fully operational sinceMay 2008, covers an effectivearea of ca. 0.05 km2 and aimsat the detection of up-going muontracks generated by high energyneutrinos having passed throughthe Earth. Although being thelargest neutrino detector view-ing the galactic centre, an effi-cient search for high-energy (1-1000 TeV) neutrinos originatingfrom galactic and extra-galacticsources requires a deep-sea neu-trino telescope of at least 1 km3

size (KM3NeT), which is cur-rently being developed. Based onthe experience gained in severalMediterranean pilot projects, the

KM3NeT consortium has devel-oped the concept for a large deep-sea infrastructure. The detectionprinciple exploits the measure-ment of Cherenkov light emit-ted by charged secondary parti-cles resulting from neutrino in-teractions in the matter sur-rounding the telescope. Accu-rate measurements of the lightarrival times and amplitudes arerequired. In order to improve therejection of environmental back-ground and to increase the sen-sitivity to ultra-high energy neu-trinos, a new optical module witha spherical arrangement of smallphoto-multiplier tubes (PMTs) isconsidered as a possible solu-tion. A suitable 3-inch diameterphototube has been selected andfurther developed in gain perfor-mance, with a cathode windowmatched to the curvature of theglass pressure sphere of the op-tical module. The properties ofsingle phototube samples havebeen investigated with emphasison high quantum efficiency atlow dark noise, timing charac-teristics and photocathode homo-geneity. In order to exploit ex-tra space surrounding the cath-ode entrance window of each 3-inch PMT, a ”light collection ring”has been developed. A 45◦ tiltedsurface of this ring reflects lightof almost perpendicular incidenceonto the convex-shaped photo-cathode. The lower side figureshows an example of the light col-lection efficiency as function ofPMT radius. The ring extendsthe effective PMT radius by ca.8 mm and thus the light sensi-tive area by about 50%. In anadvanced approach, the perspexring is replaced by a ring madeof silicon gel which is shaped andkept in place by an aluminumstructure serving as reflector. Re-sults are included in the figureand demonstrate the high collec-tion efficiency for (almost) per-pendicular incidence.

Atomic and MolecularPhysics

15

False color image(NASA, Spitzer SpaceTelescope) of thePerseus Nebula, show-ing in green the 8micron emission due tothe C-C stretch of PAH.

Femtosecond dynamics in complex nanosystems

The research activities of theAtomic and Molecular Physicsgroup focus on dynamical pro-cesses, induced by atomic,ionic or photonic interactionswith (laser cooled) atoms,(bio-)molecules, clusters andsolid surfaces. Processes trig-gered by such interactions, for in-stance molecular fragmentation,light emission or electron emis-sion are observed and analyzedto get insight into the underlyingphysics on nanometer and fem-tosecond scales. A detailed un-derstanding of charge exchangeand ionization driven processesis of direct relevance for a num-ber of fields, e.g. for the diagnos-tics of fusion and astrophysicalplasma properties, for the analy-sis of surface properties, and toidentify molecular mechanismsunderlying radiotherapy. A solidunderstanding of the dynamics ofhighly charged and highly excitednanosystems is also crucial forthe investigation of matter underthe extreme conditions of X-rayfree electron laser pulses.Most of our experiments are per-formed at ZERNIKELEIF our low-energy, highly-charged ion facilitywhich is one of the 5 distributedhost facilities of the European In-frastructure Initiative (ITSLEIF).At the ZERNIKELEIF facility we wel-comed guests researchers fromBerlin, Caen, Darmstadt, Debre-cen, Lyon, and Vienna. They per-formed a wide variety of experi-ments ranging from ion guidingthrough nanocapillaries, molec-ular fragmentation to secondaryelectron emission statistics in col-lisions on surfaces.

Electron capture from ul-tracold atoms

Progress in understanding chargetransfer and ionisation at keV en-

ergies is only possible by perform-ing experiments as a function ofimpact parameter. Such informa-tion can be gained by the methodof recoil ion momentum spec-troscopy. We use this method incombination with a target of lasertrapped and cooled Na atoms.Future experiments will allow usto study electron dynamics at anunprecedented level of sophisti-cation including electron corre-lations. First experimental dataon two-electron capture in O6+

seem very promising. More-over, it is an excellent platformfor future studies of the inter-action with laser-prepared polar-ized atoms with the ultimate goalof achieving active laser-steeringof the reactions.

Ion-PAH interactions:supernova shockwavesand interstellar gas

To move our successful exper-iments on heavy particle in-duced fragmentation of small bio-molecules to a next level of com-plexity we have studied the re-sponse of the polycyclic aromatichydrocarbon (PAH) anthraceneupon keV H+ and He2+ im-pact using high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry. PAHmolecules are an important andubiquitous component of the in-terstellar medium (ISM). Broademission features dominate themid-infrared spectrum of the dif-fuse ISM of galaxies, see the sidefigure, and these features are nowgenerally attributed to the IR flu-orescence of UV pumped PAHmolecules. But PAHs are notonly subject to UV photodissoci-ation, they also interact with en-ergetic ions e.g. from supernovae.Ion-PAH interactions are domi-nated by charge exchange andelectronic stopping.

16

Extensive fragmentation intosmall CnHq+

m and formation ofup to triply charged parent ionsis observed in our experiments.This is in line with the highmolecular excitation energies dueto electronic stopping we calcu-lated using a model based onab initio electron densities. Thefinding that energetic ion impactleads to extensive PAH fragmen-tation implies that upon produc-tion in supernova ejecta, freePAHs have very short average life-times of less than a year. PAHscan only survive this harsh en-vironment when embedded indust grains or when protected bydense gas clumps.

Dissociation dynamics ofcomplex-biomolecules:biomolecular radiationdamage

The development of mechanisticmodels of radiation damage inDNA has reached high sophistica-tion but underlying mechanismsare often unknown. For a de-tailed understanding of femtosec-ond molecular mechanisms un-derlying biological radiation dam-age, information on primary ion-ization and excitation processeswith isolated DNA and proteinsas well as their building blocksare necessary. It is a challeng-

ing task to bring such complexbio-molecules into the gas phaseto produce sufficiently dense tar-gets. We have developed anapparatus in which electrosprayionization is applied for pro-duction of complex biomolecularions. The mass selected ionsare trapped and cooled in a ra-diofrequency trap. The appara-tus is then interfaced e.g. withour keV ion beamline or with syn-chrotron beamlines and time-of-flight mass spectrometry is ap-plied to analyze the reaction prod-ucts.In a first experimental campaign,we investigated keV ion induceddissociation (KID) of free proto-nated peptides. In contrast to thefindings for conventional peptidedissociation techniques, immo-nium (sidechain) ions dominatethe fragment mass spectrum.KID is a promising new toolfor peptide dissociation, not onlybecause fundamentally differentdissociation dynamics occur, butalso because ion kinetic and po-tential energies can be varied overa wide range, enabling the ef-ficient dissociation of very largepeptides and small proteins.The figure below shows the un-paired electron density of a pro-tonated leucine-enkephalin dica-tion after resonant electron cap-ture into a keV ion. On the right,typical mass spectra for He+ and

Spin density of protonated leu-enk dication and typical KID massspectra of leu-enk.

17

Typical gel elec-trophoresis imagesand damage spectra.

Change of secondaryelectron yields as as afunction of the coverageof C60 on Au.

He2+ are displayed, showing thedominance of sidechain peaksand a complete absence of largefragments for He+ where the res-onant electron capture channel isclosed.

Heavy ion induced dam-age to plasmid DNA

One goal of our studies on molec-ular mechanisms underlying bi-ological radiation damage is tomove to systems of higher com-plexity. The ultimate aim is bridg-ing the gap to radiation dam-age in realistic biological systemssuch as double-stranded plasmidDNA in solution. Recently wehave performed first experimentson the heavy ion induced cre-ation of strand breaks in plas-mid DNA at spread-out Bragg-peak energies (MeV carbon ionsextracted from the KVI cyclotronAGOR) and at keV energies. Com-plementary irradiations with γ-photons from a 137Cs source wereperformed at the department ofRadiation and Stress Cell Biologyof the University Medical CenterGroningen. Variation of radicalscavenger density in the solutionallows to mimic the conditions inthe cell nucleus. To determinethe production of different typesof strand breakage as function ofscavenger concentration and typeof radiation gel electrophoresis isused. Typical gel electrophoresisresults are depicted in the upperside figure. Our first results un-derpin the much higher efficiencyfor double strand break inductionby heavy ions as compared to γ-photons which is to a large extentdue to direct effects.

Highly charged ion col-lisions on fullerene thinfilms

The properties of surfaces andthin films are often drasticallyand unpredictably different fromwhat is observed for bulk ma-terial. In the near future ex-tremely highly charged (80-90+)ions will become available at GSI(HITRAP). This opens the possi-bility to study the multi-electron(hundreds) dynamics occurringwhen such an ion approachesa surface. Can insulators andsemiconductors supply enoughelectrons on the very short in-teraction times? What happenswhen a metal is covered by a thininsulating film?A new UHV set up (IISIS) hasbeen taken into operation. IISISis among other things equippedwith a multiple electrostatic lenssystem to decelerate the incom-ing ion beams, a Time-of-Flightsurface analysis system, an evap-orator and an electron statisticsdetector supplied by the TU Vi-enna (Aumayr et al). In col-laboration with the group fromVienna we managed to measureelectron yields from Xeq+ ions(q=8-28) impinging on clean Auand thin films of C60 evaporatedon the clean Au sample. Thelower side figure shows the in-crease of the secondary electronyields as a function of the C60

layer thickness. The trend is thesame for Xe10+ (red), Xe16+(blue)and Xe23+ (black). The yieldsincrease by approximately 50%when going from metallic Au tosemiconducting\insulating bulkC60.

TRIµP: Fundamentalsymmetries and interactions

19

Projection of Na atomcloud onto a positionsensitive MCP

The TOF spectrum isthe projection of the z-direction

The program TRIµP focuses onthe study of fundamental symme-tries and interactions. In partic-ular we are interested to studyTime Reversal Violation (TRV) andAtomic Parity Violation (APV). Thedesign for a test of Lorentz Invari-ance Violation (LIV) in the weakinteraction has recently started.In all these studies we need ra-dioactive isotopes with specialproperties that allow us to studythese symmetry violations. Weuse 21Na to search for TRV in βdecay. In Ra atoms we look forTRV aiming to put a new limiton the forbidden permanent Elec-tric Dipole Moment (EDM). Workis also done researching the pos-sibilities to measure the EDM ofdeuterons in a ring. For APV theRa ion is our micro laboratory.For LIV we are currently investi-gating which system is both ex-perimentally and theoretically at-tractive. The initial focus is on Rbisotopes.

New radioactive beams

Concerning the production of iso-topes we worked on producing 8Band 37K for facility users and onRa and Rb for the TRIµP program.We have developed a robust wayof producing light isotopes of Raaround mass A = 213. 213Ra isa 1

2

� nucleus of interest to bothRa ion and atom work. Using Pbbeams on a carbon target the pro-

duction rate is currently limitedby heat dissipation in the target.After developing a rotating targetthe production limit will be thebeam intensity. An initial searchhas been made for an effectiveway to produce Rb isotopes witha minimum of radiation safety is-sues. A method to produce 80Rbvia the d(82Kr,80Rb)4n gave 105

80Rb/s per particle nA of 82Kr.

Recoil ion spectroscopy ofNa

A preliminary step in develop-ing a TRV experiment with 21Nais measuring the correlations be-tween recoil nuclei and β parti-cles. A setup to trap Na in amagneto optical trap in a cham-ber with a Recoil Ion Mass Spec-trometer (RIMS) has been setupat the end of the low energy lineof our radioactive beam facility.In such a spectrometer an electricfield (z-axis) guides ions on bal-listic trajectories. By measuringthe position on the multichannelplate (x, y-axis) and its Time-Of-Flight (TOF) the momentum vec-tor of the ion can be measured.We have tested and calibrated theRIMS using a UV laser to ionizetrapped stable 23Na. The UV laserprovides short pulses which startthe TOF measurement. In thisway a full three dimensional pic-ture of the atom cloud can be

Some TRIµP members at the occasion of the thesis defence ofMarlene da Silva e Silva

20

Level scheme of Ra withthe transitions currentlystudied

72S1/2

62D3/2

62D5/2

802 nml2=1079 nm

382 nm

l1= 468 nm

l3= 708 nm

90.9 %

9.1 %

1.6 %87.8 %10.6 %

72P1/2

72P3/2

F=1

F=0

F=1

F=0

F=2F=1

F=2

F=1τ=627 ms

τ=297 ms

213Ra+ level scheme.Laser diodes at λ1,2,3

were used in the exper-iments.

obtained. A two-dimensional dis-tribution of events in the x-yplane is shown in the upper sidefigure on the previous page. Thez-direction, i.e. the TOF spectrumis shown below it.These spectra reveal a molassesregion and a trapping region.The molasses region is where theatoms are slowed by the orthog-onal laser beams, i.e. the opticalpart of the trap, while actual trap-ping requires a divergent mag-netic field produced by two anti-Helmholtz coils. The molasses re-gion can be identified in the TOFspectrum by observing the spec-trum with the magnetic field off(black line in figure). This mea-surement thus shows how themisalignment between the lasercrossings and the divergent mag-netic field can be measured andreduced.

Spectroscopy of the Raatom

For an EDM measurement usingRa the atoms should be efficientlytrapped to provide a cold confinedsample. This requires laser cool-ing of thermal Ra atoms prior totrapping. We have already shownhow this can be done in Ba. Asan initial step we obtained spec-troscopic information, which iscurrently not known with suffi-cient accuracy. The relevant levelscheme is shown in the upperside figure.Using an atomic oven filled with229Th we obtain typically 109 225Raatoms for a measurement. We de-termined the hyperfine splittingof the 7s7p1P1 state to be 4198(4)MHz. Absolute frequencies wereobtained using molecular transi-tions as a reference. The (1S0,F= 1

2 ) – (1P1, F= 32 ) transition is at

20715.7201(1) cm−1 and the (1S0,F= 1

2 ) – (3P1, F= 32 ) at 13999.2702(5)

cm−1. The former transitions willbe used in the cooling cycle of theatomic beam, the latter in trap-ping.

Spectroscopy of the Raion

Atomic parity violation (APV) ex-periments are sensitive probes ofthe electroweak interaction at lowenergy. APV is due to the ex-change of the Z0 boson betweenthe electrons and the quarks inthe atomic nucleus. The APVsignal is strongly enhanced inheavy atoms. The predicted en-hancement factor of the APV ef-fect in Ra+ is about 50 timeslarger than in Cs atoms. How-ever, spectroscopic informationon Ra+ needed to constrain therequired atomic many-body the-ory, was lacking. Using the AGORcyclotron and the TRIµP facility,short-lived Ra+ ions were pro-duced and trapped. First everexcited-state laser spectroscopywas performed on the trappedions.Isotope shifts of the 62D3/2 →72P1/2 and 62D3/2 → 72P3/2 (seelower side figure) transitions weremeasured in 212−214Ra+. The hy-perfine structure constant of the62D3/2 state in 213Ra+ was de-termined to be A = 528(5) MHz,see the figure at the bottom ofthe next page. A lower limit of232(4) ms for the lifetime of the62D5/2 state was measured by op-tical shelving to this meta-stablestate. These results are an im-portant step towards an atomicparity violation experiment in asingle, trapped Ra+ ion. Theyprovide a benchmark for the re-quired atomic theory.

Deuteron polarimetry

We develop a method that makesit possible to track the polariza-tion of deuterons stored in a mag-netic storage ring with unprece-dented precision. This develop-ment is part of an internationalcollaborative effort to prepare anexperiment to search for an elec-tric dipole moment (EDM) on thedeuteron.

21

Two dimensional repre-sentation of the vectorversus tensor asym-metries containing fivedifferent spin states(pz, pzz) as function ofdisplacement of thebeam (-3 to +4 mm insteps of 1 mm) eachentry is a 100 ms mea-surement.

A preliminary 2-alphaenergy spectrum iscompared to the the-oretical prediction (M.Bhattacharya et al.,Phys. Rev. C 73 (2006)055802).

The existence of such a dipolemoment requires the breaking oftwo discrete symmetries: time re-versal and parity. When chargedparticles, such as the deuteron,move through a magnetic field athigh velocities, the interaction be-tween the EDM and the motionalelectric field causes the spin toprecess out of plane. The pre-cision with which the resultingsteady growth of the vertical po-larization component can be mea-sured determines the sensitivityfor a non-zero EDM. We developa polarimeter setup and analysismethodology to measure polariza-tion growths at the level of 10�6,which translates to a deuteronEDM sensitivity of 10�29 e·cm.In experiments performed at theCOSY facility in Julich we havedemonstrated the power of oursetup and analysis method byshowing the (statistics limited)ability to detect changes in polar-ization as low 5× 10�5. The upperside figure shows a typical mea-surement. In this case the stabil-ity of tensor polarization with re-spect to displacement is shown.First use of our polarimetrymethod is planned for the study

of spin dynamics in the COSYstorage ring.

Solar neutrino spectrum

The experiment proposed by anexternal user (R. Raabe et al.), ispart of an effort to study in de-tail the 8B neutrino spectrum byobserving the sum energy of thetwo β-delayed α particles emittedin the decay. A beam of 8B ionswas selected with the TRIµP sep-arator and implanted in a finelysegmented silicon detector, wherethe decay was observed. Inthis way one avoids energy lossesof the lowest energy α particleswhen collecting the 8B radioactivebeam on a foil, which has beendone up to now. The lowest en-ergy α particles correspond to thehighest energy neutrinos. Correc-tions due to the energy depositedby the beta particle (summing)can be corrected for as has beendone in the lower side figure. Thelow detection threshold and vir-tually absent background at lowα energy mean that the presentdata can improve on the uncer-tainties in the neutrino spectrumfor high energies.

Hyperfine Structure of the 62D3/2 → 72P1/2 transition in 213Ra+. Thesolid line represents a model fit to the data.

Nuclear and HadronPhysics

23

The chart of nuclides ona logarithmic scale.

Photon energy spec-trum from the decay ofψ′ measured at BESIII.The two pronouncedpeaks stem from elec-tromagnetic transitionsfrom the ψ′ to the χc1and χc2 charmoniumstates.

Study of matter at extremes

The common physics goal of thegroup is to understand the vari-ous facets of the strong interac-tion, which reveal themselves ei-ther via the interaction betweenthe fundamental building blocksof matter, quarks, or as an effec-tive strong force binding protonsand neutrons to form nuclei (seeupper side figure). To achieve thisgoal, the efforts are concentratedon the study of hadron and nu-clear structures. In the hadronsector, the focus is on the regionof charmonium, since this is themost promising domain that willsignificantly improve our under-standing of how hadronic mat-ter is formed. The primary fo-cus is to understand the phenom-ena of confinement and the gen-eration of hadron masses. Forthe nuclear sector, the group usesits strength in inelastic scatter-ing and charge-exchange reactionin the study of nuclear struc-ture of exotic nuclei. The aim isto understand its evolution fromthe region of the valley of sta-bility to the neutron and protondrip lines and the consequences

on this structure and to deduceits implications for astrophysicalphenomena, and nuclear proper-ties such as the bulk propertiesof nuclei, and specially in nucleiwith a very large isospin.A special topic which serves asa bridge between the two aspectsof research in the group is thedirect study of nuclear forces infew-body systems (see upper sidefigure). The understanding ofthese forces is based on the gen-eral symmetries of the QCD La-grangian. Once these forces arequantitatively understood, theycan be applied either in a directway or in an effective way in thedescription of the structure of nu-clei.

Hadron spectroscopy

In order to investigate the non-perturbative nature of QCD,spectroscopy studies in the massregion of charmonium, i.e. ofbound states made out of pairsof charm and anti-charm quarks,have shown to be advantageous.

Members of the KVI nuclear and hadron physics research line

24

The BINA detector atKVI.

Analyzing powers forthe D(~p,2He)n (left) andelastic scattering (right).

Charmonium states with massesbelow the DD production thresh-old are known to be narrow, and,thereby, provide an ideal test-ing ground to study the struc-ture of the quark anti-quark con-finement potential. Just abovethe DD threshold, a rich spec-trum with a variety of new stateshas been recently discovered, buta rigorous study of their proper-ties to reveal their true nature isrequired. Some of these stateshave been speculatively linkedto exotic hadronic matter, suchas gluon-rich objects, molecules,or multiple quark states, whichare predicted by the fundamentaltheory of QCD, but so far lack anexperimental proof.The group engages in researchon the structure of charmoniumstates and the search for exotichadronic states near the DD pro-duction threshold. The corre-sponding measurements are con-ducted at the BESIII facility inBeijing, China, one of the leadingelectron-positron annihilation ex-periments in the charmonium re-gion. Members of the KVI grouphave joined in 2009 the BESIIIcollaboration, which meanwhilehas started taking data and al-ready collected a record of an-nihilation events at the J/ψ andthe ψ masses. The analysisat KVI focuses on the physicsrelated to electromagnetic andneutral-meson transitions. Thiswork is mandatory to unravelthe structure of charmonium andnearby exotic states, and, more-over, is an excellent preparationfor the planned antiproton-protonannihilation experiment, PANDA,at the future FAIR facility, forwhich the group has contributedsignificantly in the developmentof detector and its computinginfrastructure (see below).The lower side figure on theprevious page demonstrates thequality of the data collected atBESIII and depicts the photonenergy spectrum measured with

the electromagnetic calorimeterin the case where the incident en-ergies of the electron and positronbeams were set to populate the ψ′

state. Furthermore, events wereselected that consisted of at leasttwo photons and an electron-positron pair that matches the in-variant mass of the J/ψ.

Few-nucleon physics ac-tivities

From the symmetries of the La-grangian, one can try to under-stand the nucleon-nucleon (NN)interaction. With the bulk of dataavailable in the nucleon-nucleonsector, the essential parts of theNN potential are presently wellunder control. Measurementsin the past decade at KVI ex-ploited the bremsstrahlung pro-cess to probe the NN interactionand made it clear that the off-shell character of this interac-tion is not yet well understood.This aspect of the interaction isreflected in three-nucleon forces(3NF) as well, which must also in-fluence how the nuclei are bound.These effects are present due tothe fact that the nucleon has in-ternal structure. From the stud-ies of the binding energies inlight systems, it has become clearthat the exact calculations wouldalso need three-nucleon forcesin addition to the NN interac-tion. These forces can be beststudied in three and four-bodysystems. The few-body physicsprogram at KVI has produced alarge volume of data in the pastdecade. These include the studiesof cross sections and various spinobservables in elastic scattering,break-up reaction and radiativecapture with liquid hydrogen anddeuterium targets in combinationwith polarized beams at differentenergies.All these studies have been doneusing detectors, such as the oneshown in the upper side figure,

25

]2-t [(GeV/c)0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.01

] 2(G

eV/c

)m

b/d

t [σd

1

10

210

310

410

510

2.9 4.1 5.1 5.8 6.5[deg]CMθ

1.07 2.14 3.21 4.28 5.35[MeV]LAB

pK

Elastic scattering crosssections of 136Xe froma proton gas-jet tar-get in the storage ring(squares). The resultscorrected for the exten-sion of the target (stars)agree quite well withthe theoretical predic-tion (curve).

RF carpet for the Cryo-genic Ion Catcher. Thecarpet has 500 concen-tric ring electrodes witha spacing of 0.25 mm.The combination of anRF field on the elec-trodes and a DC gra-dient across the carpetwill guide the ions to-wards the exit-hole.

which cover the complete phasespace of various reactions. A fewthousand data points have beenobtained in the three and four-body sectors producing a richdata-base which can now be usedto investigate the details of 3NF.One of the interesting results of2009 is obtained by using theproton-deuteron break-up reac-tion and looking at kinematicswhere the two outgoing protonsare in a relative S-wave giving ahandle to select the isospin of theexit channel. As can be seenin the lower side figure on theprevious page, for the analyzingpower of the break-up channel,the models which perform rela-tively well for the elastic channel,where T=1/2 is the only isospincomponent, fail to a large extentin the description of the p(D,2He)nreaction where both T=1/2 andthe small isospin non-conservingT=3/2 are involved.In addition to the study of few-nucleon systems, the last experi-ments on pionic fusion have alsobeen finalized yielding interestingresults. The few-body activities ofthe group have been concluded in2009.

Nuclear Structure

The main goal of nuclear struc-ture studies is to understandthe underlying dynamics and theproperties of nuclear matter atthe most fundamental level. Thismeans that ideally, one wouldstart from the nucleon-nucleoninteraction which is obtainedfrom the basic symmetries of theQCD Lagrangian and develop fur-ther the interactions which rulethe realm of the nucleus. Thesestudies will now be extended fornuclei under extreme conditions,such as high temperatures anddensities but also for situationsin which large neutron protonasymmetries exist in the nucleus.With these studies, the underly-ing dynamics in matter under ex-treme conditions will be under-

stood, whereby the limits of mat-ter stability as well as the origin ofelement formation in the cosmoscan further be described.The KVI group concentrates onthe structure aspects of the nu-cleus which reveal themselvesat small momentum transfers.These could be nuclear sizes,halo structures of neutron-richnuclei, nuclear incompressibil-ity, and study of resonances rel-evant to astrophysical phenom-ena. Since one is interested inradioactive nuclei and it is im-possible to produce targets ofshort-lived radioactive material,one has to use the beam of ex-otic nuclei for investigations. Thefact that one has to use a beam ofheavy nuclei in a collision with alight target nucleus or electronsas probes, combined with thelow-momentum transfer of the re-action imposes severe conditionson the kinematics such as ex-tremely low energies of the outgo-ing recoil particles. These stud-ies would then best be performedin a ring environment where oneuses a very thin target, allowinglow-energy particles to leave theinteraction zone. The small tar-get thickness is compensated bythe large number of revolutionsof the beam in the storage ring.The results of the first feasibilitymeasurement in a storage ring forthe stable 136Xe beam on a protongas-jet target is shown in the up-per side figure.At KVI, a lot of effort is beingspent on various aspects of theseinvestigations. These include ini-tiating new measurements in theexternal and internal (ring) targetfacilities such as the Experimen-tal Storage Ring at GSI. Thesenew measurements will pave theway to a good understanding ofthe behavior of exotic nuclei. Inthe longer run, the efforts areconcentrated on the EXL setupwhich will be placed in the newexperimental storage ring at thefuture FAIR facility.

26

The design of the EXLrecoil detector. Thebeam goes from left toright and the target isinstalled from the top.The colored squaresrepresent double-sidedsilicon strip detectorswith various thick-nesses.

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4E (GeV)

0

1

2

3

σ t(ns)

6Li at 2 AGeVTagged PhotonsCosmic RaysLED light-pulser

2

3

4

5

6

σ E/E (%

)

cluster energy resolutionσE/E = 1.3% + 1.5%/√E

Energy and time resolu-tions measured by thePANDA EMC prototypeusing SADC readoutand the developed on-line feature-extractionalgorithms.

Technical developments

To achieve the physics goals out-lined above, a number of devel-opments are conducted by thegroup. These developments areall in the framework of the KVI-GSI collaboration for the futurePANDA and NuSTAR activities [1]at the FAIR facility [2] in Darm-stadt, Germany. For the de-velopment of radioactive isotopesand slowing them down for ex-perimental purposes, a cryogenicion catcher is developed at KVI incollaboration with the Universityof Giessen and GSI. The catcherfilled with cold helium gas has DCand RF electrodes to guide thelow-energy ions through to thenext stage of the experiment. AnRF carpet has been designed andbuilt (see the lower side figure onthe previous page) and is readyfor final tests.For the collisions of heavy exoticnuclei with electrons, a very spe-cial type of magnet has to be de-signed which does not disturb theheavy ions and the unscatteredelectrons in the ring, and yetguides the scattered electrons toa region where they could be mo-mentum analyzed. This specialdesign has now been achievedand is being finalized for the tech-nical design report.For the detection of particles withlow energies in the ring, specialdesigns have to be incorporatedwhich allow for the detection ofall individual particles to make acomplete kinematical reconstruc-tion of the event possible. Espe-cially the region around the tar-get area which has to include thetarget system as well as thin sil-icon detectors for tracking andthick ones for energy determina-tion poses major challenges.In addition, inorganic crystalswill be placed around the tar-get to detect high-energy particlesand photons and measure their

energies; see the lower side fig-ure. Technologically, the require-ment that the detectors should beplaced in the ultra-high vacuumof the ring is most demandingand requires non-standard solu-tions of the detector design.To detect and deliver infor-mation about each single-hitthe PANDA ElectroMagneticCalorimeter (EMC) will use sam-pling ADCs (SADC) to continu-ously digitize preamplifier signalsand the data will be processed on-line in Field Programmable GateArrays (FPGAs). The feature-extraction algorithm running inthe FPGA was developed andapplied to the data obtainedwith the PANDA-EMC prototypeProto60 built of 60 PWO crystalscooled to −25 ◦C. A sub-matrix of3× 3 crystals was read out by the100 MHz 16 bit SIS3302 SADC.Measurements were done usingtagged photons at the MAMI-C electron accelerator facility atMainz, Germany. Fifteen tagger-defined energies in the range of124 MeV – 1.4 GeV were selected.The resulting energy and timeresolutions are shown in thelower side figure as a function ofthe photon energy. From the re-sults we conclude that the digi-tal readout of the PANDA EMC al-lows to achieve the design goals,namely a large dynamic rangefrom 1 MeV to 10 GeV, a low trig-ger threshold of about 1 – 3 MeV,depending on the counting rate,and a time resolution of betterthan 1 ns for an energy deposi-tion above 80 MeV.

This research is done in collabo-ration with groups from GSI, INPCracow, IPN Orsay, JagiellonianUniversity, LMU Munich, RIKENTokyo, University of Bochum,University of Giessen, Universityof Jyvaskyla, University of Sile-sia.

Theoretical Physics

27

The u quark mass asfunction of chemical po-tential and magneticfield.

The Standard Model and Beyond

The KVI theory group studies fun-damental interactions and sym-metries within the framework ofthe Standard Model (SM) of par-ticle physics. At present, the fo-cus is on studies of discrete sym-metries (P, T or CP, CPT) in theSM and beyond, and on hadronicphysics in the context of Quan-tum Chromodynamics (QCD). Wepresent here some highlights ofthe research of the past year inthese directions, with an empha-sis on the projects done with ourPh.D. students and postdocs.

Quark matter in strongmagnetic fields

In the interior of neutron starsquark matter can appear in sev-eral forms, depending on the den-sity. Different phases can beaffected differently by the verystrong magnetic fields present.The same applies to the quarkmatter that arises in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions,where also very high magneticfields can arise. Electricallycharged particles in a magneticfield display Landau quantiza-

tion, which means that their mo-mentum components perpendic-ular to the field will be quantized.The consecutive filling of the Lan-dau levels can cause macroscopicquantities, such as order param-eters that distinguish differentphases, to oscillate as function ofthe magnetic field, the de Haas-van Alphen effect. It is clearlyseen in this quark matter study,but with some marked differencescompared to systems of electrons.In the side figure the obtainedconstituent mass of the u quarkis shown as a function of baryonchemical potential µ (a measurefor the density of the quark mat-ter) and magnetic field B (in unitsof m2

π/e = 0.33 × 1019 G). Sev-eral phases arise of widely dif-fering mass. In the low massphases A0, A1, . . . at high densityde Haas-van Alphen type of os-cillations can be observed, whichin contrast to electronic systemsare not continuous. The inter-esting intermediate phase C0 isa phase with large spontaneousisospin breaking, which meansthat the u and d quark masses inthat region are very different (thed quark is still in phase B).

28

Decomposition of thephotoproduction crosssection of neutral Λ-baryons off the proton.

Since quarks are not only electri-cally charged, but also carry colorcharge, it was found that theinterplay between the magneticfield and the color field configu-rations called instantons is veryimportant here. The former tendsto enlarge the difference betweenthe oppositely charged u and dquarks, whereas the latter hasan equalizing effect. Dependingon the strength of the instantoninteraction (which is not knownyet), the C0 phase can span alarger or smaller region. It will beworthwhile to assess its influenceon the equation of state of a neu-tron star.

Coupled-channels effectsin the K-matrix formalism

Channel coupling effects can con-veniently be described in the K-matrix formalism where the scat-tering matrix is written as T =K(1 − iK)−1, corresponding toa re-summation of an infinite-geometrical series of loop dia-grams. It is easy to check,that the resulting scattering am-plitude S = 1 + 2iT is uni-tary provided that the kernel,K, is Hermitian. The kernel iscalculated from an effective La-grangian. The strength of theK-matrix procedure is that, inspite of its simplicity, it satisfiesseveral symmetries and conserva-tion laws such as gauge invari-ance, unitarity and crossing sym-metry. Since a full re-summationis performed, non-perturbativecoupled-channels effects are au-tomatically accounted for. As aresult of the channel coupling, forexample, the resonances generatewidths that are consistent withtheir coupling to the channels in-cluded in the model space, thetwo-body states Nγ, Nπ, Nη, ΛK,ΣK, Nφ, and recently, Λ(1520)K.In the kernel a complete set ofexchange diagrams is included.

The ρ-channel has a large effecton some of the strangeness chan-nels.In the side figure on this and thenext page, the contributions ofvarious resonances and the back-ground terms to the total crosssections are shown. We see thatwhile the background terms dom-inate the p(γ,K+)Λ cross sectionsin the entire range of photon en-ergies, they are more importantonly for Eγ > 1.5 GeV for thep(γ,K+)Σ0 reaction. For a cor-rect interpretation of the data interms of resonances it is impor-tant to ascertain the uniquenessof the extracted parameters. Forthis purpose we are implementingan automatic χ2-fitting option.In the K-matrix formalism an in-finite series of loop corrections isre-summed, however, restrictingthis to the pole contributions ofthe loop integrals. Work is inprogress to account also for thenon-pole loop corrections.

Atomic parity violation

Atomic parity violation (APV)is an important test of thequark neutral-current sector (Z0-exchange) in the SM, and a pow-erful probe of physics beyond theSM, for instance due to the exis-tence of additional Z-bosons, lep-toquarks, or SUSY. At KVI, APVin one single radium ion is inves-tigated in a collaboration betweenthe theory group and TRIµP.Ra+ is an excellent candidate tosearch for APV: the APV effectis strongly enhanced, the atomicmany-body theory, needed to ex-tract the weak charge, is favor-able, and the relevant transi-tions are accessible with stan-dard lasers.The weak charge can be extractedfor a parity-violating E1 matrix el-ement with the help of a many-body calculation for the atomicstructure.

29

Decomposition of thephotoproduction crosssection of neutral Σ-baryons off the proton.Experimental data istaken from K.H. Glan-der et al., Eur. Phys. J.A 19, 251 (2004).

We evaluated the relevant ma-trix element of Ra+ by using therelativistic coupled-cluster theorywith singles, doubles, and par-tial triples. We confirmed thatthe APV effect is some 50 timeslarger than in Cs. The presentuncertainty was estimated to bearound 3%, based on the re-sults of the hyperfine structureconstants. It was pointed outthat additional experimental con-straints are needed. In the mean-time, laser spectroscopy of Ra+

has started at KVI.Further improvements in theatomic-structure calculations areneeded to reach the sub-1% errorrequired for a SM test. We pre-sented an analysis of the recentmeasurements of the light-shiftratio in Ba+ at two different wave-lengths that enables us to reducethe uncertainty of the largest E1dipole matrix elements. Thesematrix elements are of interest forthe proposed APV experiment inBa+. We showed that a new mea-surement of the light-shift ratio inBa+ at a wavelength of 350 nmcould further reduce the uncer-tainty of the for APV studies mostimportant matrix elements. Asgroundwork for the planned APVexperiment at KVI, we presentedrelativistic coupled-cluster calcu-lations of the E1 matrix elementsfor Ra+, and investigate the po-tential of similar light-shift ratiomeasurements in this ion.The 7S-6D transition in Ra+ hasbeen proposed as a new opti-cal frequency standard (”opticalatomic clock”). Static dipole po-larizabilities were calculated inthe ground and metastable statesof Sr+, Ba+ and Ra+ usingthe relativistic coupled-clustermethod. Trends of the electroncorrelation effects were investi-gated in these ions. We also es-timated the Stark and black-bodyradiation shifts from these resultsfor these systems for the transi-

tions proposed as new optical fre-quency standards, and comparedthem with available experimentaldata.

In-medium properties ofheavy mesons

The properties of mesons in densematter have been investigatedover the past decades in con-nection with astrophysical phe-nomena, exotic atoms and theanalysis of heavy-ion collisions.The future FAIR experiments atGSI will face new challengesfor non-perturbative QCD, wherestrangeness and charm play adominant role. An important partof the physics project is to extendthe GSI program for in-mediummodifications of light hadrons tothe heavy-quark sector.The analysis of data in the light-quark sector for 1-2 AGeV (SIS)at GSI has proven to be very suc-cesful in understanding the prop-erties of light mesons under ex-treme conditions. From the theo-retical side, our group has madea remarkable progress in under-standing the complicated many-body dynamics of light mesons innuclei within unitarized effectivetheories in coupled channels. Weare now applying our knowledgein those effective theories to theheavy-quark sector for the exper-imental conditions at FAIR.Over the past years our group hasobtained the properties of kaonsand antikaons for the conditionsof temperature and density ex-pected for heavy-ion collisions be-low 2AGeV by means of uni-tarized coupled-channel theoriesresulting from meson-exchangemodels or chiral effective la-grangians. Moreover, we haveanalysed the production andpropagation of antikaons forheavy-ion collisions at SIS ener-gies using off-shell transport the-ory.

30

Lately, we have incorporated fi-nite temperature effects withinthe chiral unitary frameworkand studied energy-weighted sumrules. The sum rules are anexcellent tool as quality tests ofmodel calculations because of im-posing some constraints on boththe many-body formalism and themodel.Our group has recently per-formed a microscopic self-consistent coupled-channel cal-culation of the open charm (Dand D∗) spectral features for theexpected experimental conditions

in the PANDA and CBM experi-ments at FAIR. Moreover, resultshave been derived that can betested experimentally. Amongthem we can mention the analysisof the properties of hidden charmand charm scalar resonances innuclear matter, as a valuable toolto understand the nature of thosestates. Changes in the propertiesof open charm can also lead tothe formation of D-mesic nuclei,which can probably be obtainedby the antiproton-nucleus exper-iments at PANDA.

Education and Outreach

31

Astroparticle physicsattracts young and old

It is considered important atKVI to train students and youngresearchers for positions in allwalks of life in different capaci-ties in government, academia andindustry, and to raise the aware-ness of the general public andparticularly high-school studentsof its research.

Training of PhD students

During 2009 some 30 studentsconducted research at KVI inpreparation of their PhD de-gree. They followed a train-ing programme in the frame-work of the international re-search school FANTOM (Fun-damental and Applied Nuclearand ATOMic physics) where KVIis the coordinator. The in-ternational partners are insti-tutes from the universities ofGent, Leuven, Munster and Or-say (Paris). Two general FAN-TOM study weeks were organizedin Leuven (25-29 May) on ’Exper-imental techniques’ and in Em-men (2-5 November) on ’Ionizingradiation: from space to DNA’.From 2010 FANTOM will partici-pate in the Groningen GraduateSchool of Science, an overarch-

ing institution that coordinatesthe educational activities of theresearch schools in mathematicsand natural sciences at the Uni-versity of Groningen.

Bachelor’s and Master’seducation

KVI docents contribute signifi-cantly to the physics education atthe Faculty of Mathematics andNatural Sciences (FMNS) of theUniversity of Groningen. KVI staffmembers teach in the physicsprogramme and students come toKVI for thesis projects and intern-ships.In 2009 preparations were madefor a new Bachelor’s programmein Physics and Applied Physicswhich is to start in the academicyear 2010/11. The new stu-dents will have the choice outof a number of (sub)tracks, fromwhich Particle Physics and The-oretical Physics are significantlydeveloped by KVI staff. KVIdocents set up a Master’s pro-gramme ’Quantum Universe’ to-gether with the Centre for Theo-retical Physics and the KapteynInstitute (astronomy) as a PhysicsMaster of the University.

Attempt to split two Magdeburg half-spheres on the open day on 18October

32

Announcement posterof the 30th FANTOMStudy Week held inLeuven, Belgium, May25-29, 2009

31st General FANTOM Study Week

Ionizing Radiation: from Space to DNAEmmen, the Netherlands, 2 - 5 November 2009

• General introduction

Sytze Brandenburg, KVI Groningen

• Biomedical physics, radiation damage

on a molecular level

Thomas Schlathölter, KVI Groningen

• Heavy ions in therapy and space

Marco Durante, GSI Darmstadt

• Applications of neutrons

Joachim Kohlbrecher, ETHZ & PSI Villigen

• Applied radiation physics

Emiel van der Graaf, KVI Groningen

• Prediction of radiotherapy-induced toxicity

Peter van Luijk, UMCG/University of Groningen

Evening lecture:

• Studying anthropogenic greenhouse gases:

air, sea, and... wine

Harro Meijer, CIO Groningen

Deadline for registration: 1 October 2009

Emmen Zoo

www.fantom.kvi.nl/emmen09.html

Announcement posterof the 31st FANTOMStudy Week held inEmmen, November 2-5,2009

Secondary schools

In the past tears KVI has in-creased its activities to reach outhigh school students. Schoolclasses visit the institute andKVI staff members give presen-tations in schools. KVI par-ticipates regularly in activitiesof high schools which aim atbringing their students in con-tact with science. KVI partici-pates in the classes for Techna-sium students, organized by theUniversity and HanzehogeschoolGroningen. Steps were madein the direction of more struc-tural collaboration with the high-school activities of FMNS, inthe framework of Science LinX.KVI is one of the participantsin the Dutch national outreachproject HiSPARC (’HIgh-SchoolProject on Astrophysics Researchwith Cosmics’). In this project,high-school students participatein building detectors for high-energetic cosmic radiation whichare placed on the roof of theirschool. In the school year2009/10 KVI succeeded in at-tracting a high-school teacheras a researcher for one day

a week (’LIO’, Leraar In Oplei-ding, teacher in research) inthe framework of the FOM pro-gramme for high-school teachers.This teacher is involved in theHiSPARC-project and strength-ens contacts with participatinghigh-schools.

General public

The annual open day is a cen-tral outreach activity at KVI. In2009 the open day was heldon 18 October during the Octo-ber Month of Knowledge. Thetheme was ’Journey to the un-known’ (Reis naar het onbek-ende). The KVI building wasagain bustling of activity forpeople of all ages, with pre-sentations, demonstrations, anddo-it-yourself-experiments. 350Visitors were welcomed. Twogeneral scientific presentationswere given by Sytze Branden-burg about health research atKVI (Stralende gezondheid) andby Olaf Scholten about astro-particle physics using the ra-diotelescope at Westerbrok andLOFAR-telescope (Luisteren naar’Radio Maan’).

Professor Lohner explains the rotation of the Earth with a Foucaultpendulum

Personnel

33

J.P.M. Beijers, Dr. ir. X

A.M. van den Berg, Prof. dr. X

D. Boer, Dr. X

S. Brandenburg, Prof. dr. X

P.G. Dendooven, Dr. X

E.R. van der

Graaf, Dr. X

M.N. Harakeh, Prof. dr. X

R.A. Hoekstra, Prof. dr.

ir. X

S. Hoekstra, Dr. X

M.A. Hofstee, Dr. X

K. Jungmann, Prof. dr. X

N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, Prof. Dr. X

M. Kavatsyuk, Dr. X

H. Löhner, Prof. dr. X

J.G. Messchendorp, Dr. X

C.J.G. Onderwater, Dr. ir. X

C.E. Rigollet, Dr. X

T.A. Schlathölter, Dr. X

O. Scholten, Prof. dr. X

R.G.E. Timmermans, Prof. dr. X

L. Tolos Rigueiro, Dr. X

L. Willmann, Dr. X

H.W.E.M. Wilschut, Prof. dr. X

H.J. Wörtche, Dr. X

Acc

eler

ator

R&

D

and

Med

ical

Phy

sics

Ast

ropa

rtic

lePh

ysic

s

Ato

mic

and

Mol

ecul

ar

Phys

ics

Fund

amen

tal S

ymm

etri

es

and

Inte

ract

ions

Nuc

lear

and

Had

ron

Phys

ics

The

oret

ical

Phy

sics

Staff scientists

34

T. Adachi, Dr. X

S. Bari, Drs. X

A.K. Biegun, Dr. X

I. Blank, Drs. X

E. Bodewits, Drs. X

O. Bondarenko, MSc X

U. Dammalapati, Dr. X

H.M. Dang, Drs. X

Q. Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Drs. X

M. Eslamikalantari, Drs. X

E.D. Fraenkel, MSc X

G.S. Giri, Drs. X

M.J. van Goethem, Dr. X

O. Gonzalez Magana, MSc X

E. Guliyev, Drs. X

S. Harmsma, Ir. X

R. Higa, Dr. X

D.J. van der Hoek, Drs. X

L. Joulaeizadeh, Drs. X

O. Kavatsyuk, Dr. X

W.L. Kruithof, Drs. X

M. Mevius, Dr. X

V. Mironov, Dr. X

H. Moeini, Drs. X

M.A. Najafi, Drs. X

J.P. Noordmans, MSc X

Postdocs

andgraduate students A

ccel

erat

or R

&D

an

d M

edic

al P

hysi

cs

Ast

ropa

rtic

lePh

ysic

s

Ato

mic

and

Mol

ecul

ar

Phys

ics

Fund

amen

tal S

ymm

etri

es

and

Inte

ract

ions

Nuc

lear

and

Had

ron

Phys

ics

The

oret

ical

Phy

sics

35

R.W. Ostendorf, Dr. X

J.J.U. Postma, Drs. X

A. Ramezani Moghadem Arani X

M. Ranjan, Drs. X

O. Romanets, Drs. X

B.K. Sahoo, Dr. X

S. Saminathan, Drs. X

B. Santra, Drs. X

A. Sen, Drs. X

P. Shidling, D X

M. da Silva e Silva, Drs. X

K. Singh, Dr. X

M. Sohani, Dr. X

S. Stoica, Drs. X

V.I. Stoica, Drs. X

B. Streicher, Dr. X

V. Suyam Jothi, Drs. X

G.J. Tambave, Drs. X

O.O. Versolato, Drs. X

R. Vinke, Ir. X

J. de Vries, MSc X

K.D. de Vries, MSc X

L.W. Wansbeek, Drs. X

D. Zhou, Drs. X

Postdocs

andgraduate students A

ccel

erat

or R

&D

an

d M

edic

al P

hysi

cs

Ast

ropa

rtic

lePh

ysic

s

Ato

mic

and

Mol

ecul

ar

Phys

ics

Fund

amen

tal S

ymm

etri

es

and

Inte

ract

ions

Nuc

lear

and

Had

ron

Phys

ics

The

oret

ical

Phy

sics

36

Undergraduate students

G.M BeardaH. BekkerJ. BlijlevenJ. van den BergC. BoeijeR. BorgerR. BremerM. BroekroelofsE.A. DijkM. DoorA. GrootN. de GrootF. HaverkortG. Inguglia

M. InklaarH. KanekoH. KuipersC. MallaryJ. MulderA. de NijsS. OzakiM. ReicherG. ReitsemaJ. RenkemaA. SijtemaA. van VlietM. VonkK. Vos

O. Böll X

H. Fraiquin X

H.F. Gorter X

L.Huisman, Ing. X

H.H. Kiewiet, Ing. X

A.W. Kluttig, MSc X

H.R. Kremers, Ing. X

J. Mulder, Ing. X

H.J. Timersma X

J.N. de Vries X

J.H.J. Wieringa X

Researchtechnicians A

ccel

erat

or R

&D

an

d M

edic

al P

hysi

cs

Ast

ropa

rtic

lePh

ysic

s

Ato

mic

and

Mol

ecul

ar

Phys

ics

Fund

amen

tal S

ymm

etri

es

and

Inte

ract

ions

Nuc

lear

and

Had

ron

Phys

ics

Gen

eral

Ser

vice

s

37

1for 50%; works also in the Electronics and electrotechnical group

2for 50%; works also in the Information technology group

3for 50%; works also in the Research Technicians group

4for 50%; works also in the Cyclotron operation, cryogenics and cooling-techniques group

5for 50%; works also in the Mechanical department and vacuum techniques group

6 works also in the Facility management group

Emeritus Guests

Ir. O.C. DermoisDr. A.E.L. DieperinkDr. A.G. DrentjeDr. J. van Klinken

Prof. dr. R.J. de MeijerProf. dr. R.H. SiemssenDr. S.Y. van der WerfProf. dr. A. van der Woude

Visiting Scientists and Engineers (for longer than one month)

Prof. dr. U.L. van Kolck, University of Arizona, Tucson, USAProf. dr. C.L. Korpa, Janus Pannonius University, Pecs, HungaryIng. F. Poortenga, Dockinga College, Dokkum, The NetherlandsDr. S. Purushothaman, GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt,GermanyIr. W.M. Remmers, Zernike College, Haren, The NetherlandsProf. dr. R. Shyam, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Calcutta, India

Apprentices (for at least three months)

A. BazinD. BoelsO. BollF. DuvouxA. Eising

P. LenelS. MichelS. RikhofD.M. Varnav

Cyclotron operation, cryogenic and cooling techniques

D.W. BakkerD.W. Hofstra1 (from 20 April)Ing. J.E. de JongIng. J. Mekkering1 (until 1 August)H. PostR.A. Schellekens1

J.G. Siebring2

R. Terol1R. Tjoelker1

J.N. de Vries3

Ing. N.J. van WiefferenIng. R.H.L. van Wooning1

Information Technology

Drs. M. BabaiDr. P.A. KroonIng. R.F. Pelster

J.G. Siebring4

Ing. J.C. van der WeeleDr. F. Zwarts

Electronics and Electrotechnics

D. DamstraIng. H.A.P. van der DuinA. FelzelIng. M.A. HevingaD.W. Hofstra4

H. Kooi (until 1 February)Ing. M. KronenburgIng. P.J.J. LemmensIng. J. Mekkering (until 1 August)K. Mustafa (from 1 May)Ing. T.P. Poelman

F. Rengers6

Ing. P. SchakelR.A. Schellekens4 (from 19 January)Ing. F.P. SchreuderIng. M. Stokroos (until 1 August)B.D. Taenzer (until 1 August)R. Terol4R. Tjoelker4

P. WieringaIng. R.H.L. van Wooning4

38

Mechanical Design and Construction

F.H. van den Berg (from 5 October)Ing. R. BergsmaH. Dost (until 1 August)R.J. DusselA. EggensH.F. GorterE. LatumaleaIng. M.F. LindemulderW.W.P. Olthuis (until 1 April)

L. SlatiusI. SmidIng. H.A.J. SmitD.J.M. TilmanA. de VriesJ.N. de Vries4

J.H.J. Wieringa

Administration and Personnel

Drs. C. van BeilenM. GroendijkR. ten HaveC. Hemmes (from 7 September)S.A. Jops (until 12 May)Dr. M. KoopmansH.E. van der MeerS.M. de Meijer

A.D. PetitiauxR.E. SpringerR.J. Steeman-PoelmanG. van der Tuin-VenemaM.W. RuiterA.M. van der Woude

Facility Management

M.J. BooiH.K. EleniusH. Merk

F. Rengers1

E. van der Werf-de Vries

Publications

39

J. Abraham et al. (Pierre Auger Collaboration)Limit on the diffuse flux of ultrahigh energy tau neutrinos with thesurface detector of the Pierre Auger ObservatoryPhys. Rev. D 79, 102001 (2009)

J. Abraham et al. (Pierre Auger Collaboration)Atmospheric effects on extensive air showers observed with the surfacedetector of the Pierre Auger observatoryAstroparticle Physics 32, 89 (2009)

J. Abraham et al. (Pierre Auger Collaboration)Upper limit on the cosmic-ray photon fraction at EeV energies from thePierre Auger ObservatoryAstroparticle Physics 31, 399 (2009)

J.A. Aguilar et al., (N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, H. Lohner), the ANTARESCollaborationPerformance of the first ANTARES detector lineAstrop. Phys. 31, 277-283 (2009)

A. Bandyopadhyay, S. Choubey, R. Gandhi, S. Goswami, B.L.Roberts, J. Bouchez, I. Antoniadis, J. Ellis, G.F. Giudice, T. Schwetz,S. Umasankar, G. Karagiorgi, A. Aguilar-Arevalo, J.M. Conrad, M.H.Shaevitz, S. Pascoli, S. Geer, J.E. Campagne, M. Rolinec, A. Blondel,M. Campanelli, J. Kopp, M. Lindner, J. Peltoniemi, P.J. Dornan, K.Long, T. Matsushita, C. Rogers, Y. Uchida, M. Dracos, K. Whisnant,D. Casper, M.C. Chen, B. Popov, J. Aysto, D. Marfatia, Y. Okada,H. Sugiyama, K. Jungmann, J. Lesgourgues, M. Zisman, M.A. Tor-tola, A. Friedland, S. Davidson, S. Antusch, C. Biggio, A. Donini,E. Fernandez-Martinez, B. Gavela, M. Maltoni, J. Lopez-Pavon, S.Rigolin, N. Mondal, V. Palladino, F. Filthaut, C. Albright, A. de Gouvea,Y. Kuno, Y. Nagashima, M. Mezzetto, S. Lola, P. Langacker, A. Baldini,H. Nunokawa, D. Meloni, M. Diaz, S.F. King, K. Zuber, A.G. Akeroyd,Y. Grossman, Y. Farzan, K. Tobe, M. Aoki, H. Murayama, N. Kitazawa,O. Yasuda, S. Petcov, A. Romanino, P. Chimenti, A. Vacchi, A.Yu.Smirnov, E. Couce, J.J. Gomez-Cadenas, P. Hernandez, M. Sorel,J.W.F. Valle, P.F. Harrison, C. Lunardini, J.K. Nelson, V. Barger, L.Everett, P. Huber, W. Winter, W. Fetscher, A. van der Schaaf, GroupAuthor(s): ISS Phys Working GrpPhysics at a future Neutrino Factory and super-beam facilityReport on Progress in Physics 72, 106201 (2009)

S. Bari, F. Alvasrado, J. Postma, P. Sobocinski, R. Hoekstra, T.SchlatholterKinetic energy releases of small animo acids interaction with keV ionsEur. Phys. J. D. 51, 81 (2009)

40

G.W. Bennett, B. Bousquet, H.N. Brown, G. Bunce, R.M. Carey,P. Cushman, G.T. Danby, P.T. Debevec, M. Deile, H. Deng, W.Deninger, S.K. Dhawan, V.P. Druzhinin, L. Duong, E. Efstathiadis,F.J.M. Farley, G.V. Fedotovich, S. Giron, F.E. Gray, D. Grigoriev,M. Grosse-Perdekamp, A. Grossmann, M.F. Hare, D.W. Hertzog,X. Huang, V.W. Hughes, M. Iwasaki, K. Jungmann, D. Kawall, M.Kawamura, B.I. Khazin, J. Kindem, F. Krienen, I. Kronkvist, A. Lam,R. Larsen, Y.Y. Lee, I. Logashenko, R. McNabb, W. Meng, J. Mi, J.P.Miller, Y. Mizumachi, W.M. Morse, D. Nikas, C.J.G. Onderwater,Y. Orlov, C.S. Ozben, J.M. Paley, Q. Peng, C.C. Polly, J. Pretz, R.Prigl, G.Z. zu Putlitz, T. Qian, S.I. Redin, O. Rind, B.L. Roberts, N.Ryskulov, S. Sedykh, Y.K. Semertzidis, P. Shagin, Y.M. Shatunov,E.P. Sichtermann, E. Solodov, M. Sossong, A. Steinmetz, L.R. Sulak,C. Timmermans, A. Trofimov, D. Urner, P. von Walter, D. Warburton,D. Winn, A. Yamamoto, D. Zimmerman, Group Author(s): Muon g-2CollaborationImproved limit on the muon electric dipole momentPhys. Rev. D 80, 052008 (2009)

A. Biegun for the PANDA collaborationEMC studies using the simulation framework of PANDAInt. J. Mod. Phys. A 24, 462 (2009)

E. Bodewits, H.M. Dang, A.J. de Nijs, D.F.A. Winters, R. HoekstraAtomic electron energy spectra of slow He2+ ions impinging on metallicsurfacesNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 267, 594 (2009)

D. Boer, P.J. Mulders, C. PisanoDijet imbalance in hadronic collisionsPhysical Review D 80, 094017 (2009)

D. Cabrera, A. Polls, A. Ramos, L. TolosEnergy weighted sum rules for mesons in hot and dense matterPhys. Rev. C 80, 045201 (2009)

J. Coppens for the Pierre Auger collaborationObservation of radio signals from air showers at the Pierre AugerObservatoryNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 604, S41 (2009)

V. Crede et al. (J.C.S. Bacelar, R. Castelijns, H. Lohner, J. Messchen-dorp, S. Shende), the CBELSA/TAPS CollaborationPhotoproduction of eta and eta-prime mesons off protonsPhys. Rev. C 80, 055202 (2009)

U. Dammalapati, S. De S, K. Jungmann, L. WillmannIsotope shifts of 6s5d(3)D-6s6p(1)P(1) transitions in neutral bariumEur. Phys. J. 53, 1-8 (2009)

S. De, U. Dammalapati, K. Jungmann, L. WillmannMagneto-optical trapping of bariumPhys. Rev. A 79, 041402 (2009)

41

C.A. Diget, F.C. Barker, M.J.G. Borge, R. Boutami, P. Dendooven, T.Eronen, S.P. Fox, B.R. Fulton, H.O.U. Fynbo, J. Huikari, S. Hylde-gaard, H.B. Jeppesen, A. Jokinen, B. Jonson, A. Kankainen, I. Moore,A. Nieminen, G. Nyman, H. Penttila, V.F.E. Pucknell, K. Riisager, S.Rinta-Antila, O. Tengblad, Y. Wang, K. Wilhelmsen, J. AystoBreakup channels for 12C triple-α continuum statesPhys. Rev. C 80, 034316 (2009)

D. Elsner et al. (J.C.S. Bacelar, R. Castelijns, H. Lohner, J. Messchen-dorp, S. Shende), the CBELSA / TAPS collaborationLinearly polarised photon beams at ELSA and measurement of thebeam asymmetry in pi0-photoproduction off the protonEur. Phys. J.A 39, 373-381 (2009)

J. Endres, D. Savran, A.M. van den Berg, P. Dendooven, M. Fritschze,M.N. Harakeh, J. Hasper, H.J. Wortche, A. ZilgesSplitting of the pygmy dipole resonance in 138Ba and 140Ce observed inthe (α, α′, β) reactionPhys. Rev. C 80, 034302 (2009)

M. Eslami-Kalantari, H.R. Amir-Ahmadi, A. Biegun, I. Gasparic,L. Joulaeizadeh, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, St. Kistryn, A. Kozela,H. Mardanpour, J.G. Messchendorp, H. Moeini, A. Ramazani-Moghaddam-Arani, S.V. Shende, E. Stephan, R. SworstProton-deuteron break-up measurements with BINA at 135 MeVMod. Phys. Lett. A 24, 839 (2009)

S. Fliescher for the Pierre Auger CollaborationRadio detector array simulation: A full simulation chain for an array ofantenna detectorsNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 604, S225 (2009)

C. Garcia-Recio, V.K. Magas, T. Mizutani, J. Nieves, A. Ramos, L.L.Salcedo, L.Toloss-wave charmed baryon resonances from a coupled-channel approachwith heavy quark symmetryPhys. Rev. D 79, 054004 (2009)

M.J. van Goethem et al.Geant4 simulations of proton beam transport through a carbon orberyllium degrader and following beam linePhys. Med. Biol. 54 5831-5846, 2009

A.V. de Groot, E.R. van der Graaf, R.J. de Meijer, M. MaucecSensitivity of in-situ γ-ray spectra to soil density and water contentNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 600, 519-523 (2009)

J.R. Horandel, L. Bahren, S. Buitink, H. Falcke, A. Horneffer, J.Kuijpers, S. Lafebre, A. Nigl, O. Scholten, K. SinghLOFAR - A new experiment to record radio emission from cosmicparticlesNucl. Phys. B 196, 289 (2009)

42

A. Horneffer, L. Bahren, S. Buitink, H. Falcke, J.R. Horandel, J.Kuijpers, S. Lafebre, A. Nigl, O. Scholten, K. SinghAir Shower Measurements with LOFARNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 604, S20 (2009)

M. Hunyadi, H. Hashimoto, T. Li, H. Akimune, H. Fujimura, M.Fujiwara, Z. Gacsi, U. Garg, K. Hara, M.N. Harakeh, J. Hoffman,M. Itoh, T. Murakami, K. Nakanishi, B.K. Nayak, S. Okumura, H.Sakaguchi, S. Terashima, M. Uchida, Y. Yasuda, M. YosoiProton decay from the isoscalar giant dipole resonance in 58NiPhys. Rev. C 80, 044317 (2009)

S. Hyldegaard, C.Aa. Diget, M.J.G. Borge, R. Boutami, P. Dendooven,T. Eronen, S.P. Fox, L.M. Fraile, B.R. Fulton, H.O.U. Fynbo, J.Huikari, H.B. Jeppesen, A.S. Jokinen, B. Jonson, A. Kankainen, I.Moore, G. Nyman, H. Penttila, K. Perajarvi, K. Riisager, S. Rinta-Antila, O. Tengblad, Y. Wang, K. Wilhelmsen, J. AystoBranching ratios in the β-decays of 12N and 12BPhys. Rev. C 80, 044304 (2009)

S. Hyldegaard, C. Forssen, C.A. Diget, M. Alcorta, F.C. Barker, B.Bastin, M.J.G. Borge, R. Boutami, S. Brandenburg, J. Buscher, P.Dendooven, P. Van Duppen, T. Eronen, S. Fox, B.R. Fulton, H.O.U.Fynbo, J. Huikari, M. Huyse, H.B. Jeppesen, A. Jokinen, B. Jonson,K. Jungmann, A. Kankainen, O. Kirsebom, M. Madurga, I. Moore,P. Navratil, T. Nilsson, G. Nymanm, C.J.G. Onderwater, H. Penttila,K. Perajarvi, R. Raabe, K. Riisager, S. Rinta-Antila, A. Rogachevkiy,A. Saastamoinen, M. Sohani, O. Tengblad, E. Traykov, J.P. Vary, Y.Wang, K. Wilhelmsen, H.W. Wilschut, J. AystoPrecise branching ratios to unbound 12C states from 12N and 12Bβ-decaysPhys. Lett. B. 678, 459-464 (2009)

L. Joulaeizadeh, J. Bacelar, M. Eslami-Kalantari, I. Gasparic, N.Kalantar-Nayestanaki, H. Lohner,H. Mardanpour, J.G. Messchen-dorp, H. Moeini, A. Ramazani-Moghaddam-Arani, S.V. Shende, E.StephanPionic fusion at subthreshold energiesInt. Jour. of Mod. Phys. A 24, 539 (2009)

K. JungmannGood fortune from a broken mirrorPhysics 2, 68 (2009)

N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, H. Moeini, M. Mahjour-Shafiei, F. Aksouh,K. Beckert, P. Beller, K. Boretzky, A. Chatillon, A. Corsi, P. Egelhof, H.Emling, G. Ickert, S. Ilieva, C. Kozhuharov, T. Le Bleis, X.C. Le Xuang,Y. Litvinov, K. Mahata, J. P. Meier, F. Nolden, U. Popp, H. Simon, M.Steck, T. Stohlker, H. Weick, A. Zalite, O. Kiselev, D. Werthmuller, S.PaschalisFirst feasibility study for EXL prototype detectors at the ESR anddetector simulationsInt. J. Modern Physics E 18, No. 2, 524 (2009)

43

F.Klein (J.C.S. Bacelar, H. Lohner, J.G. Messchendorp, S.V. Shende),the CBELSA/TAPS CollaborationBeam asymmetries in near threshold omega photoproduction off theprotonPhys. Rev. D 78, 117101 (2009)

H. LohnerDeep-sea research infrastructure for high-energy neutrino astronomyNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A,doi:10.1016/j/nima.2009.10.031 (2009)

H. Lohner, on behalf of the KM3NeT ConsortiumSensitivity of a multi-photomultiplier optical module for KM3NeTNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 602, 209-212 (2009)

P. van Luijk, H. Faber, J.M. Schippers, S. Brandenburg, J.A. Lan-gendijk, H. Meertens, R.P. CoppesBath and shower effects in the parotid gland explain increased relativerisk of parotid gland dysfunction after IMRTInt. Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 74, 1002 (2009)

M. Mahjour-Shafiei, H.R. Amir-Ahmadi, J.C.S. Bacelar, R. Castelijns,K. Ermisch, E.D. van Garderen, I. Gasparic, M.N. Harakeh, N.Kalantar-Nayestanaki, M. Kis, H. Lohner, O. ScholtenProton-proton bremsstrahlung cross sections close to the kinematicallimitEur. Phys. J. A 41, 25-29 (2009)

A. Matic, A.M. van den Berg, M.N. Harakeh, H.J. Wortche, G.P.A. Berg,M. Couder, J.L. Fisker, J. Gorres, P. LeBlanc, S. O’Brien, M. Wiescher,K. Fujita, K. Hatanaka, Y. Sakemi, Y. Shimizu, Y. Tameshige, A. Tamii,M. Yosoi, T. Adachi, Y. Fujita, Y. Shimbara, H. Fujita, T. Wakasa, P.O.Hess, B.A. Brown, H. SchatzHigh-precision (p,t) reaction measurement to determine 18Ne(α,p)21Nareaction ratesPhys. Rev. C 80, 055804 (2009)

V. Mironov, J. P. M. BeijersThree-dimensional simulations of ion dynamics in the plasma of anelectron cyclotron resonance ion sourcePhys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 12, 073501 (2009)

R. Molina, D. Gamermann, E. Oset, L. TolosCharm and hidden charm scalar mesons in the nuclear mediumEur. Phys. J. A 42, 31-42 (2009)

D. Nakajima et al. (M. Kavatsyuk)Scintillating fiber detectors for the HypHI project at GSINucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 608, 287-290, (2009)

44

B.K. Nayak, U. Garg, M. Koss, T. Li, E. Martis, H. Fujimura, M. Fu-jiwara,K. Hara, K. Kawase, K. Nakanishi, E. Obayashi, H.P. Yoshida,M. Itoh, S. Kishi, H. Sakaguchi, H. Takeda, M. Uchida, Y. Yasuda, M.Yosoi, R.G.T. Zegers, H. Akimune, M.N. Harakeh, M. HunyadiDirect proton decay of isoscalar giant dipole resonance in 208PbPhys. Lett. B 674, 281-285 (2009)

A. Owens, S. Brandenburg, V. Gostilo, V. Ivanov, R.W. Ostendorf, F.Quarati, L. van den Berg, E.R. van der GraafAssessment of the radiation tolerance of CdZnTe and HgI2 to solarproton eventsIEEE Transactions on Nucl. Sci. 56, 5075941, 771-776 (2009)

S. Ozaki, A. Hosaka, O. ScholtenA Coupled-channel analysis for Φ-photoproduction with Λ(1520)Phys. Rev. C 80, 035201 (2009)

L. Popescu, T. Adachi, G.P.A. Berg, P. von Brentano, D. Frekers, D. DeFrenne, K. Fujita, Y. Fujita, E.-W. Grewe, M.N. Harakeh, K. Hatanaka,E. Jacobs, K. Nakanishi, A. Negret, Y. Sakemi, Y. Shimbara, Y.Shimizu, Y. Tameshige, A. Tamii, M. Uchida, H.J. Wortche, M. YosoiGamow-Teller transitions studied in the high-resolution 64Ni(3He,t)64CureactionPhys. Rev. C 79, 064312 (2009)

S. Purushothaman, K. Perajarvi, M. Ranjan, A. Saastamoinen, K.Gloos, N. Takahashi, P. DendoovenPositive ion extraction across the superfluid-vapor helium interfaceJournal of Physics: Conference Series 150, 032086 (2009)

A. Ramazani-Moghaddam-Arani, H.R. Amir-Ahmadi, A.D. Bacher,C.D. Bailey, A. Biegun, M. Eslami-Kalantari, I. Gasparic, L.Joulaeizadeh, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, St. Kistryn, A. Kozela,H. Mardanpour, J.G. Messchendorp, A.M. Micherdzinska, H. Moeini,S.V. Shende, E. Stephan, E.J. Stephenson, R. SworstStudy of all reaction channels in deuteron-deuteron scatteringMod. Phys. Lett. A 24, 835 (2009)

J. Rautenberg for the Pierre Auger CollaborationRadio in Auger-offlineNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 604, S44 (2009)

B. Revenu for the Pierre Auger CollaborationRadiodetection of cosmic air showers with autonomous radio detectorsinstalled at the Pierre Auger ObservatoryNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 604, S37 (2009)

M. Reyniers, P. Degroote, D. Bodewits, J. Cuypers, C. WaelkensThe rotation and coma profiles of comet C/2004 Q2 (Machholz)A&A 494, 379 (2009)

B.K. Sahoo, L.W. Wansbeek, K. Jungmann, R.G.E TimmermansLight shifts and electric dipole matrix elements in Ba+ and Ra+Phys. Rev. A. 79, 052512 (2009)

45

D.R. Schaart, H.T. van Dam, S. Seifert, R. Vinke, P. Dendooven, H.Lohner, F.J. BeekmanA novel, SiPM-array-based, monolithic scintillator detector for PETPhys. Med. Biol. 54, 3501-3512 (2009)

O. Scholten, J. Bacelar, K. Singh, R. al Yahyauoi, S. Buitink, H.Falcke, R. Braun, A.G. de Bruyn, R.G. Strom, B. StappersImproved flux limits for neutrinos with energies above 1022 eV fromobservations with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio TelescopePhys. Rev. Lett. 103,191301 (2009)

O. Scholten, S. Buitink, J. Bacelar, R. Braun, A.G. de Bruyn, H.Falcke, K. Singh, B. Stappers, R.G. Strom, R. al YahyaouiFirst results of the NuMoon experimentNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 604, S102 (2009)

O. Scholten, K. WernerMacroscopic model of geomagnetic radiation from air showersNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 604, S24 (2009)

S. Seifert, H.T. van Dam, J. Huizenga, R. Vinke, P. Dendooven, H.Lohner, D.R. SchaartSimulation of Silicon Photomultiplier SignalsIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol. 56, 3726 (2009)

P.D. Shidling, G.S. Giri, D.J. van der Hoek, K. Jungmann, W. Kruithof,C.J.G. Onderwater, M. Sohani, O.O. Versolato, L. Willmann, H.W.WilschutProduction of short lived radioactive beams of radiumNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 606, 305-309 (2009)

E. Stephan, St. Kistryn, A. Biegun, K. Bodek, I. Ciepal, A. Deltuva,E. Epelbaum, A.C. Fonseca, J. Golak, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki,H. Kamada, M. Kis, B. Klos, A. Kozela, M. Mahjour-Shafiei, A.Micherdzinska, A. Nogga, R. Skibinski, R. Sworst, H. Witala, J. Zejma,and W. ZipperPrecise set of tensor analyzing power T20 data for the deuteron-protonbreakup at 130 MeVEur. Phys. J. A 42, 13 (2009)

E. Stephan, S. Kistryn, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, A. Biegun, K.Bodek, I. Ciepal, A. Deltuva, E. Epelbaum, M. Eslami-Kalantari, A.C.Fonseca, W. Glockle, J. Golak, V. Jha, H. Kamada, Da. Kirillov, Di.Kirillov, M. Kis, St. Kliczewski, B, Klos, A. Kozela, M. Kravcikova, V.M.Kyryanchuk, M. Lesiak, H. Machner, A. Magiera, M. Mahjour-Shafiei,G. Martinska, J. Messchendorp, A. Micherdzinska, A. Nogga, N.Piskunov, D. Protic, A. Ramazani, P. Von Rossen, B.J. Roy, H. Sakai,P.U. Sauer, K. Sekiguchi, I. Sitnik, R. Siudak, R. Skibinski, R. Sworst,J. Urban, H. Witala, J. Zejma, W. ZipperThree-nucleon interaction dynamics studied via the deuteron-protonbreakupInt. Jour. of Mod. Phys. A 24, 515 (2009)

46

N. Stolterfoht, R. Hellhammer, D. Fink, B. Sulik, Z. Juhasz, E.Bodewits, H.M. Dang, R. HoekstraDynamic properties of ion guiding through nanocapillaries in an insu-lating polymerPhys. Rev. A 79, 022901 (2009)

N. Stolterfoht, R. Hellhammer, D. Fink, B. Sulik, Z. Juhasz, E.Bodewits, H.M. Dang, R.HoekstraTime evolution of ion guiding through nanocapillaries in a PET polymerNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 267, 669 (2009)

N. Stolterfoht, R. Hellhammer, Z. Juhasz, B. Sulik, V. Bayer, C.Trautmann, E. Bodewits, A.J. de Nijs, H.M. Dang, R. HoekstraGuided transmission of Ne7+ ions through nanocapillaries in insulatingpolymers: scaling laws for projectile energies up to 50 keVPhys. Rev. A 79, 042902 (2009)

L. Tolos, C. Garcia-Recio, J. NievesThe properties of D and D mesons in nuclear matterPhys. Rev. C 80, 065202 (2009)

R. Vinke, H. Lohner, D.R. Schaart, H.T. van Dam, S. Seifert, F.J.Beekman, P. DendoovenOptimizing the timing resolution of SiPM sensors for use in TOF-PETdetectorsNucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 610, 188 (2009)

O. Wieland, A. Bracco, F. Camera, G. Benzoni, N. Blasi, S. Brambilla,F.C.L. Crespi, S. Leoni, B. Million, R. Nicolini, A. Maj, P. Bednarczyk,J. Grebosz, M. Kmiecik, W. Meczynski, J. Styczen, T. Aumann, A.Banu, T. Beck, F. Becker, L. Caceres, P. Doornenbal, H. Emling,J. Gerl, H. Geissel, M. Gorska, O. Kavatsyuk, M. Kavatsyuk, I.Kojouharov, N. Kurz, R. Lozeva, N. Saito, T. Saito, H. Schaffner, H.J.Wollersheim, J. Jolie, P. Reiter, N. Warr, G. de Angelis, A. Gadea, D.Napoli, S. Lenzi, S. Lunardi, D. Balabanski, G. LoBianco, C. Petrache,A. Saltarelli, M. Castoldi, A. Zucchiatti, J. Walker, A. BurgerSearch for the Pygmy Dipole Resonance in 68Ni at 600 MeV/nucleonPhys. Rev. Lett. 102, 092502 (2009)

S.J. Wolk, C.M. Lisse, D. Bodewits, D.J. Christian, K. DennerCHANDRA’s close encounter with the disintegrating comets 73P/2006(Schwassmann-Wachmann 3) fragment B and C/1999 SV (Linear)Astrophys. J. 694, 1293 (2009)

Conference proceedings and eprints

47

J. Abraham et al. (Pierre Auger Collabora-tion)The Cosmic Ray Energy Spectrum and Re-lated Measurements with the Pierre AugerObservatoryProc. of the 31st International Cosmic RayConference, University of Lodz and theAndrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Stud-ies, 2009, Lodz, Poland, arXiv:0906.2189[astro-ph]

J. Abraham et al. (Pierre Auger Collabora-tion)Astrophysical Sources of Cosmic Raysand Related Measurements with the PierreAuger ObservatoryProc. of the 31st International Cosmic RayConference, University of Lodz and theAndrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Stud-ies, 2009, Lodz, Poland, arXiv:0906.2347[astro-ph]

J. Abraham et al. (Pierre Auger Collabora-tion)Studies of Cosmic Ray Composition andAir Shower Structure with the Pierre AugerObservatoryProc. of the 31st International Cosmic RayConference, University of Lodz and theAndrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Stud-ies, 2009, Lodz, Poland, arXiv:0906.2319[astro-ph]

J. Abraham et al. (Pierre Auger Collabora-tion)Calibration and Monitoring of the PierreAuger ObservatoryProc. of the 31st International Cosmic RayConference, University of Lodz and theAndrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Stud-ies, 2009, Lodz, Poland, arXiv:0906.2358[astro-ph]

J. Abraham et al. (Pierre Auger Collabora-tion)Operations of and Future Plans for thePierre Auger ObservatoryProc. of the 31st International Cosmic RayConference, University of Lodz and theAndrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Stud-ies, 2009, Lodz, Poland, arXiv:0906.2354[astro-ph]

N.L. Achouri, J.C. Angelique, G. Ban,B. Bastin, B. Blank, S. Dean, P.G. Den-dooven, J. Giovinazzo, S. Grevy, K. Jung-mann, B. Laurent, E. Lienard, O. Naviliat-Cuncic, N.A. Orr, A. Rogachevskiy, M.Sohani, E. Traykov, H. WilschutMeasurement of the Gamow-Teller Branch-ing Ratio in the beta-Decay of Na-21Editor(s): Blazhev A; Jolie J; Warr N;Zilges ASource: Capture Gamma-Ray Spec-troscopy and Related Topics, AIP Conf.Proc. 1090, 362-366, (2009)

N.L. Achouri, J.-C. Angelique, G. Ban, B.Bastin, B. Blank, S. Dean, P. Dendooven,

J. Giovinazzo, S. Grevy, K. Jungmann, B.Laurent, E. Lienard, O. Naviliat-Cuncic,N. Orr, A. Rogachevskiy, M. Sohani, E.Traykov, H. WilschutThe beta-gamma decay of 21NaarXiv:0906.5571v1 (2009)

A.M. van den Berg for the Pierre AugerCollaborationRadio detection of cosmic rays at theSouthern Auger ObservatoryProc. of the 31st International Cosmic RayConference, University of Lodz and theAndrzej Soltan Institute for Nuclear Stud-ies, 2009, Lodz, Poland, arXiv:0908.4422[astro-ph]

S. Buitink, J. Bacelar, R. Braun, G. deBruyn, H. Falcke, O. Scholten, K. Singh,B. Stappers, R. Strom, R. al YahyaouiThe NuMoon experiment: first resultsProc. of the XXe Rencontres de Blois:Challenges in Astroparticle Physics,Chteau de Blois, Blois, France, 2008,arXiv:0808.1878

J. Endres, D. Savran, P. Butler, P. Den-dooven, M.N. Harakeh, S. Harissopulos,R.D. Herzberg, R. Krucken, A. Lagoyan-nis, N. Pietralla, L. Popescu, M. Scheck,F. Siebenhuhner, K. Sonnabend, V.I. Sto-ica, H. Wortche, A. ZilgesSystematic studies of the pygmy dipoleresonance by means of the (α, α’ γ) reac-tionProc. of the 2nd Workshop on Level Den-sity and Gamma Strength, Oslo, May2009

J. Endres, D. Savran, P. Butler, P. Den-dooven, M.N. Harakeh, S. Harissopulos,J. Hasper, R.D. Herzberg, R. Krucken, A.Lagoyannis, N. Pietralla, L. Popescu, M.Scheck, F. Siebenhuhner, K. Sonnabend,V.I. Stoica, H. Wortche, A. ZilgesSplitting of the pygmy dipole resonance ob-served in the (α, α’ γ) reactionProc. of the Conference on Nuclear Struc-ture and Related Topics, Dubna, Russia,July, 2009

W. Erni et al. (M. Babai, A.K. Biegun,A. Bubak, E. Guliyev, V.S. Jothi, M. Ka-vatsyuk, H. Lohner, J. Messchendorp, H.Smit, J.C. van der Weele), the PANDA Col-laborationPhysics Performance Report for PANDA:Strong Interaction Studies with Antipro-tonsarXiv:0903.3905 (2009)

W. Erni et al. (M. Babai, A.K. Biegun,A. Bubak, E. Guliyev, V.S. Jothi, M. Ka-vatsyuk, H. Lohner, J. Messchendorp, H.Smit, J.C. van der Weele), the PANDA Col-laborationTechnical Design Report for the PANDASolenoid and Dipole Spectrometer MagnetsarXiv:0907.0169 (2009)

48

R. Gernhauser, K. Eppinger, C. Hinke, M.Bohmer, P. Boutachkov, T. Faestermann,H. Geissel, M. Gorska, A. Gottardo, J.Grebosz, R. Krucken, N.Kurz, Z.Liu, L.Maier, S. Pietri, Zs. Podolyak, K. Steiger,H. Weick, P.J.Woods, N. Al-Dahan, N.Alkhomashi, A. Atac, A. Blazhev, N.Braun, I. Celikovic, T. Davinson, I. Dill-mann, C. Domingo-Pardo, P. Doornenbal,G. de France, G. Farelli, F. Farinon, J.Gerl, N. Goel, T. Habermann, R. Hoischen,R. Janik, M. Karny, A. Kaskas, I. Ko-jouharov, Th.Kroll, M. Lewitowicz, Y. Litvi-nov, S. Myalski, F. Nebel, S. Nishimura,C. Nociforo, J. Nyberg, A. Parikh, A.Prochazka, P.H. Regan, C. Rigollet, H.Schaffner, C. Scheidenberger, S. Schwer-tel, P.-A. Soderstrom, S. Steer, A. Stolz, P.Strmen, H.J. Wollersheim, and the RIS-ING collaborationDecay spectroscopy of 100Sn and neighbor-ing nucleiProc. of NPA IV, Journal of Physics Con-ference Series 2009

H. Hashimoto, M. Hunyadi, H. Akimune,M. Fujiwara, Z. Gacsi, U. Garg, K. Hara,M.N. Harakeh, J. Hoffman, M. Itoh, T. Li,T. Murakami, K. Nakanishi, B.K. Nayak,S. Okumura, H. Sakaguchi, S. Terashima,M. Uchida, Y. Yasuda, M. YosoiDirect proton decay from the isoscalar gi-ant dipole resonance in 58Ni studied viathe (α, α’p) coincidence measurementProc. of the International conference onNuclear Structure and Related Topics(NSRT2009), Dubna, Russia, 30 June -4 July (2009)

S. HyldegaardStudies of C-12 using beta-decaysInt. J. Mod. Phys. E17, 2182 (2008)

K. JungmannExperiments searching for new interactionsin nuclear beta-decayEditor(s): Brown BA; Engel J; Haxton W;RamseyMusolf M; Romalis M; Savard GSource: Rare Isotopres and Fundamen-tal Symmetries, Book Series: Proc. fromthe Institute for Nuclear Theory 16, 1-10(2009)

N. Kalantar-NayestanakiWhat have we learned about three-nucleonsystems at intermediate energies?AIP conference proceedings 1149, 683(2009)

F. Lin, N.D. Malitsky, A.U. Luccio, W.M.Morse, Y.K. Semertzidis, C.J.G. Onderwa-ter, Y.F. OrlovStudy by spin tracking of a storage ring fordeuteron electric dipole momentAIP Conf. Proc. 1149, 777 (2009)

F. Lin, N.D. Malitsky, A.U. Luccio, W.M.Morse, Y.K. Semertzidis, C.J.G. Onderwa-ter, Y.F. OrlovOverview of (some) computational ap-proaches in spin studies

Proc. 10th International Computa-tional Accelerator Physics Conference,San Francisco (ICAP 2009), September3 (2009)

V.S. Morozov, A.W. Chao, A.D. Krisch,M.A. Leonova, R.S. Raymond, D.W. Sivers,V.K. Wong, A. Ganshvili, R. Gebel, A.Lehrach, B. Lorentz, R. Maier, D. Pra-suhn, H. Stockhorst, D. Welsch, F. Hin-terberger, K. Ulbrich, A. Schnase, E.J.Stephenson, N.P.M. Brantjes, C.J.G. On-derwater, M. da SilvaExperimental verification of predicted oscil-lations near a spin resonanceAIP Conf. Proc. 1149, 801-804 (2009)

O. Scholten, J. Bacelar, K. Singh, R. alYahyauoi, S. Buitink, H. Falcke, R. Braun,A.G. de Bruyn, R.G. Strom, B. StappersUltra-high energy cosmic ray and neutrinodetection using the Moon: First resultsProc. of the conferenc on High-EnergyGamma-rays and Neutrinos from Extra-Galactic Sources, Heidelberg, Germany,2009, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D18, 1597(2009)

M. da Silva e Silva for the dEDM Collabo-rationTowards High Precision Deuteron Po-larimetryAIP Conf. Proc. 1149, 719-722 (2009)

L. Tolos, C. Garcia-Recio, V.K. Magas, T.Mizutani, J. Nieves, A. Ramos, L.L. Sal-cedoCharmed baryon resonances with heavy-quark symmetryProc. of Nstar 2009, Beijing, China. April19-22, 2009,Editors: Q. Zhao and B.S. Zou, ChinesePhysics C 33, No. 12, 1323-1326 (2009)

L. Tolos, R. Molina, D. Gamermann, E.OsetCharm and hidden charm scalar reso-nances in nuclear matterProc.of International Conference on Par-ticles and Nuclei (PANIC08), Eilat, Israel,9-14 November 2008Editors: Itzhak Tserruya, Avraham Galand Daniel Ashery, Nucl. Phys. A 827,249c-251c (2009)

Q. Zhong, T. Aumann, S. Bishop, K.Boretzky, F. Bosch, H. Braeuning, C.Brandau, T. Davinson, I. Dillmann, C.Dimopoulou, O. Ershova, Z. Fulop, H.Geissel, R. Grisenti, G. Gyurky, M.Heil,G. Ickert, A. Kalinin, F. Kappeler, A. Ke-lic, C. Kozhuharov, C. Langer, T. Le Bleis,Y. Litvinov, G. Lotay, J. Marganiec, F.Nolden, N. Petridis, R. Plag, R. Reifarth,B. Riese, C. Rigollet, C. Scheidenberger,H. Simon, M. Steck, T. Stoehlker, H. We-ick, D.Winters, P. Woods96Ru(p,γ) in Experimental Storage Ring atGSIProc. of NPA IV, Journal of Physics Con-ference Series 2009

Ph.D. Theses

49

Leila JouaeizadehPionic fusion in light ion systemsUniversity of Groningen, 11 May 2009

Mohammad Eslami-KalantariThree-nucleon force effects in proton-deuteron break-up studied withBINA at 135 MeVUniversity of Groningen, 21 September 2009

Ahmad RamazaniCross-section and analyzing-power measurements in three and four-nucleon scatteringUniversity of Groningen, 12 October 2009

Alma de GrootSalt-marsh sediment. Natural γ-radioactivity and spatial patternsUniversity of Groningen, 23 October 2009

Contributions to conferences,workshops, etc.

50

ESTRO-PREVENT, Brussels, Belgium,11 - 12 January 2009G. Ghobadi, H Faber, J.M. Schippers,S. Brandenburg, H. Langendijk, R.P.Coppes, P. van LuijkA novel Method for quantifying Radiation-Induced local Damage in Rat Lung fromComputed Tomographyposter

P. van Luijk, C.T. Muijs, H. Faber, J.M.Schippers, S. Brandenburg, J.A. Lan-gendijk, R.P. CoppesA histology-based model for radiation-induced damage to lung tissuetalk

Workshop on High-Energy Gamma-rays and Neutrinos from Extra-GalacticSources’, Heidelberg, Germany, 13 - 16January 2009O. ScholtenUltra-High Energy Cosmic Ray and Neu-trino Detection using the Moon; First Re-sultsinvited talk

Physics@FOM, Veldhoven, the Nether-lands, 20 - 21 January 2009T. AdachiA novel spectrometer concept for exotic nu-clear structure research at the electron/ioncollider ELISe at FAIRposter

S. Bari, J. Postma, H.M. Dang, R. Hoek-stra, T. SchlatholterMolecular mechanisms underlying ion-induced radiation damageposter

A.M. van den Berg, for the Pierre AugerCollaborationThe Pierre Auger Observatoryposter

A. BiegunCharmed-mesons searches with PANDAposter

A. Biegun et al.Subatomic physics at FAIR: from quarks tohadrons, from nuclei to starsposter

E. Bodewits, H. Dang, R. Morgenstern, T.Schlatholter, R. HoekstraLow-energy He2+ ions as probes of surfacemagnetismposter

S. Brandenburg, M.-J. Goethem, E.R. vander Graaf, M. Hofstee, H. Kiewiet, R.W.OstendorfIon beam applications at the AGOR facilityposter

M. Eslami-KalantariStudy of three-nucleon force effects inproton-deuteron break-up at 135 MeVposter

E. GuliyevFast signal analysis for the PANDA Elec-tromagnetic Calorimeterposter

S. Harmsma, A.M. van den Berg, J.Coppens, H. Falcke, E.D. Fraenkel, J.Hrandel, A. Horneffer, S.J. de Jong, O.Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, C. Timmer-

mans, K. de VriesDetection of ultra-high energy cosmic raysat the Pierre Auger Observatory with radioantennastalk

D.J. van der HoekPrecision weak interaction studies withtrapped Na isotopesposter

M. KavatsyukThe origin of masstalk

H. MoeiniThe facility for studies of exotic nucleitalk

A. RamazaniStudy of all reaction channels in deuteron-deuteron scattering at 65 MeV/nucleonposter

M. Ranjan, P. Dendooven, S. Pu-rushothaman, I. Moore, H. Penttila, A.Saastamoinen, J. Aysto, W. Plass, C.Scheidenberger, A. PopovA cryogenic gas catcher for very high en-ergy radioactive ionsposter

B.K. SahooAtomic parity violation in a single trappedradium iontalk

B. Santra, J. van den Berg, S. De,A. Groot, K. Jungmann, L. Willmann,H.W.WilschutLaser spectroscopy of Radium Atomposter

M. da Silva for the dEDM collaborationTowards high-precision polarimetry for anEDM search on the deuterontalk

M. da Silva e Silva, B. Santra, K. Jung-mann, C.J.G.Onderwater, L.Willmann,H.W. WilschutSearches for permanent electric dipole mo-mentsposter

K. Singh, O. Scholten, K. de Vries, S.Buitink, H. Falcke, A. Horneffer, L.BahrenUltra High Energy Cosmic Rays and Neu-trino Observations with LOFARposter

V. Suyam JothiPattern recognition for particle identifica-tion with PANDAposter

K. de Vries, O. Scholten, K. WernerModeling coherent geo-magnetic radiationfrom Extensive Air Showers initiated bycosmic raysposter

AMIG Winter meeting, Milton Keynes,UK, 29 - 30 January 2009T. SchlatholterMolecular mechanisms underlying heavyion therapyinvited lecture

51

Auger Radio Workshop, Radboud Uni-versity, Nijmegen, the Netherlands, 27- 28 January 2009A.M. van den BergThe AERA proposaltalk

A.M. van den BergAn LNA suited for the black-spider LPDAtalk

E.D. FraenkelSimulations for a smart trigger and for theLFDAtalk

E.D. FraenkelTrigger Issuestalk

K.D. de VriesProgress on macroscopic calculationstalk

Excited QCD’09, Zakopane, Poland, 8 -14 February 2009L. Tolos, R. Molina, D. Gamermann, E.Oset, A. RamosCharm mesons at CBMinvited talk

73. Jahrestagung der DPG und DPGFruhjahrstagung der Sektion AMOP(SAMOP), Hamburg, Germany, 2 - 6March 2009O. Boll, G.S. Giri, K. Jungmann, B.K. Sa-hoo, R.G.E. Timmermans, O.O. Versolato,L.W.Wansbeek, L.WillmannHigh-Precision Experiments on a SingleTrapped Radium Ionposter

D.J. van der Hoek, R. Hoekstra, K. Jung-mann, W.L. Kruithof, C.J.G. Onderwater,M. Sohani, L. Willmann, H.W. WilschutFundamental symmetries in 21Na decayposter

B.Santra, A.Groot, K.Jungmann,L.Willmann, H.W.WilschutLaser spectroscopy of atomic radiumposter

Symposium WETEM, FaculteitWiskunde en NatuurwetenschappenRUG, Groningen, the Netherlands, 3March 2009S. BrandenburgKernenergie: bijdrage aan de energie tran-sitie?talk

International Student Information Day,Faculteit Wiskunde en Natuurweten-schappen RUG, Groningen, the Nether-lands, 16 March 2009S. BrandenburgRadiotherapy with ionstalk

Gemeinsame Fruhjahrstagung des DPG-Fachverbands Hadronen und Kernezusammen mit dem Nuclear PhysicsBoard der European Physical Society(EuNPC), Bochum, Germany, 16 - 20March 2009A. BiegunThe Electromagnetic Calorimeter of PANDAat FAIRtalk

M. Eslami-KalantariStudy of three-nucleon force effects in p+d

break-up at 135 MeVtalk

G.S. GiriTRIX:Trapped Radium Ion Experimentsposter (1stposter prize)

G.S. Giri, O. Boell, K. Jungmann, B.K. Sa-hoo, R.G.E. Timmermans, O.O. Versolato,L.W. Wansbeek, L. WillmannAtomic Parity Violation in one SingleTrapped and Laser Cooled Radium Ion:A Probe of Electroweak Runningposter

E. GuliyevSignal analysis for the PANDA Electromag-netic Calorimeterposter

D.J. van der Hoek, R. Hoekstra, K. Jung-mann, W.L. Kruithof, C.J.G. Onderwater,M. Sohani, L. Willmann, H.W. WilschutFundamental symmetries in 21Na decayposter

J.G. MesschendorpNuclear force studies in few-nucleon sys-temsinvited plenary talk

A. RamazaniStudy of all reaction channels in deuteron-deuteron scattering at 65 MeV/nucleontalk

M. RanjanA cryogenic gas catcher for very high en-ergy radioactive ionstalk

P.D. Shidling, G.S. Giri, K. Jungmann,W.L. Kruithof, M. Sohani, D.J.van derHoek, O.O. Versolato, L. Willmann, H.W.WilschutShort lived radioactive isotopes at TRIµPfacilitytalk

P.D. Shidling, G.S. Giri, K. Jungmann,W.L. Kruithof, M. Sohani, D.J. van derHoek, O.O. Versolato, L. Willmann, H.W.WilschutTRIP facility for the study of fundamentalinteraction and symmetriestalk

M. da Silva e Silva, K. Jungmann, C. J. G.Onderwater, H. Wilschut, L. Wilmann, O.O. Versolato, W. Kruithoff for the dEDMcollaborationPolarimetry for Deuteron EDM Searchposter

V.I. StoicaControl techniques for complex detectorsbased on digitized pulse shape analysistalk

V. Suyam JothiA pattern recognition analysis for particleidentification with PANDAposter

L. TolosIn-medium properties of charm at FAIRtalk

K. de Vries, O. Scholten, K. WernerModeling Geo-magnetic radiation from Ex-tensive Air Showerstalk

52

Computing in High Energy and NuclearPhysics (CHEP’09), Prague, Czeck Re-public, 21 - 27 March 2009J.G. MesschendorpComputing Activities for the PANDA Exper-iment at FAIRtalk

International Workshop on ActiveBeam Diagnostics, Leiden, the Nether-lands, 24 - 27 March 2009R. HoekstraAvailability and validity of atomic data forABS: The charge exchange basicsinvited talk

NVRB Jubileum congress, Noordwijker-hout, the Netherlands, 2 - 3 April 2009G. Ghobadi, H. Faber, M.K. Stam, J.M.Schippers, S. Brandenburg, J.A. Lan-gendijk, R.P. Coppes, P. van LuijkReduced cardiac function enhances earlypulmonary function loss after thoracic irra-diationposter

G. Ghobadi, H. Faber, M.K. Stam, J.M.Schippers, S. Brandenburg, J.A. Lan-gendijk, R.P. Coppes, P. van LuijkReduced cardiac function enhances earlypulmonary function loss after thoracic irra-diationtalk

S. Gross, P. van Luijk, H. Faber, C.T.Muijs, J.M. Schippers, S. Brandenburg,J.A. Langendijk, R.P. CoppesDose-volume effects in the rat lung: relationto pro-inflammatory cytokine expressionposter

P. van Luijk, C.T. Muijs, H. Faber, J.M.Schippers, S. Brandenburg, J.A. Lan-gendijk, R.P. CoppesPrediction of radiation-induced lung dam-age using biology based modelsinvited talk

Theoretical Particle Physics Meeting,Nikhef, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,17 April 2009B.K. SahooAtomic parity violation in a single trappedradium ioninvited talk

Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nu-cleon (NSTAR2009), Beijing, China, 19- 22 April 2009L. Tolos, C. Garcia-Recio, V.K. Magas, T.Mizutani, J. Nieves, A. Ramos and L.L.SalcedoCharmed bayon resonances with heavy-quark symmetrytalk

Fysica 2009, Annual Symposium of theDutch Physical Society (NNV), Gronin-gen, the Netherlands, 24 April 2009G.S. GiriTRIX: Trapped Radium Ion Experimentsposter

Nuclear Structure and Dynamics Con-ference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 4 - 8 May2009H. LohnerPionic fusion in light-ion systemsplenary talk

Symposium in honour of Marcello Pig-nanelli ”Marcello and half century ofResearch in Nuclear Physics”, Milano,Italy, 11 May 2009

M.N. HarakehCollective nuclear excitations: low andhigh, cold and hotinvited talk

CERN Workshop ’New Opportunities inthe Physics Landscape at CERN’, CERN,Geneva, Switzerland, 11 - 13 May 2009K. JungmannAntiprotondecelerator Experiments - Sum-mary and Prospectsinvited summary talk

International Conference on the Struc-ture and the Interactions of the Photon(Photon’09), DESY, Hamburg, Germany,11 - 15 May 2009C.J.G. OnderwaterMeasurement of Muon Dipole Momentsinvited talk

2nd International Symposium on IonInsulator Interactions, Girona, Spain,20 - 21 May 2009E. BodewitsDynamic properties of ion guiding throughnanocapillaries in an insulating polymerinvited talk

Frontier Detectors for Frontier Physics,2009, La Biodola, Isola d’Elba, Italy, 24- 30 MayH. Lohner on behalf of the KM3NeT Con-sortiumDeep-sea research infrastructure for high-energy neutrino astronomyplenary talk

8th International Conference on Ra-dioactive Nuclear Beams (RNB8), GrandRapids, Michigan, USA, 26 - 30 May2009P. DendoovenStopping of ions in and extraction from su-perfluid heliumtalk

M. Ranjan, P. Dendooven, I. Moore, A.Popov, A. Saastamoinen, J. Aysto, H.Penttila, W. Plass, C. ScheidenbergerCharacterization of a cryogenic ion guideposter

M. Ranjan, P. Dendooven, J. Aysto, I.Moore, H. Penttil, W. Plass, A. Saasta-moinen, D. Schafer, C. Scheidenberger, P.Thirolf, H.WeickA cryogenic ion catcher for high energy ionsposter

Workshop on Atomic Physics with RAreAtoms, Ann Arbor, USA, 31 May - 3June 2009K. JungmannPhysics at the TRIµP Facility of KVIinvited talk

Auger Radio Workshop, Faculte des Sci-ences, Universite de Nantes, Nantes,France, June 2009A.M. van den BergComms: a completely different solutiontalk

XXIemes Rencontres de Blois: Windowson the Universe, Chateau de Blois,Blois, France, June 2009S. Harmsma for the Pierre Auger Collabo-rationDetection of ultra-high energy cosmic raysat the Pierre Auger Observatory with radioantennastalk

53

Nuclear Physics in Astrophysics IV,Frascati, Italy, June 2009C.Rigollet, P.J. woods and Yu. Litvinov forthe EXL collaborationMeasurements of α branching ratio at theESR for the 15O(α, γ)19Ne reactionposter

4th International Symposium on Sym-metries in Subatomic Physics, Taipei,Taiwan, 2 - 5 June 2009H.W. WilschutDecay and the Electric Dipole Moment:Searches for Time-Reversal Violation inRadioactive Nuclei and Atomsinvited talk

H.W. WilschutThe TRIµP Facility and Programtalk

434 WE-Heraeus Seminar on Preci-sion Experiments at lowest energiesfor fundamental tests and constants,Bad Honnef, Germany, 15 - 17 June2009G.S. GiriTRIX: Trapped Radium Ion Experimentsposter

K. JungmannTime-reversal and parity-violation experi-ments at KVIinvited talk

The symposium on Frontiers in nuclearphysics, Bad Honnef, Germany, 18 - 20June 2009N. Kalantar-NayestanakiWhat have we learned in three-nucleonsystems?invited talk

VIII International Workshop Applica-tion of Laser and Storage Devicesin Atomic Nuclei Research - RecentAchievements and Future Prospects,Proznan, Poland, 22 - 25 June 2009D.J. van der HoekTrapping of 21Na and precisions studies ofnuclear beta decayinvited talk

International conference on Nu-clear Structure and Related Topics(NSRT2009), Dubna, Russia, 30 June- 4 July 2009M.N. HarakehGamow-Teller transitions: Implications forsupernova scenarios and double-β decayinvited talk

Radiation Damage in Biomolecular Sys-tems (RADAM 2009), Frankfurt, Ger-many, 30 June - 4 July 2009S. Bari, J. Postma, R. Hoekstra, T.Schlatholter, L. Chen, J. Bernard, P.Dugourd, and S. MartinIon - induced fragmentation of leucine -enkephalinposter

V. Bernigaud, M. Capron, R. Maisonny,P. Rousseau, B. Manil, L. Adoui, J.-Y.Chesnel, L. Manoury, J. Rangama, B. A.Huber, S. Bari, J. Postma, R. Hoekstra, T.SchlatholterStability of pure, mixed, and nanohydratedclusters of small biomoleculesposter

H. M. Dang, M. J. van Goethem, S. Bran-denburg, R. Hoekstra, and T. SchlatholterPlasmid DNA strand breaks induced by γ-rays and C-ions at Bragg peak energies - a

comparisonposter

T. SchlatholterIon interactions with complex biomoleculesinvited talk

6th International Workshop on ChiralDynamics 2009, Bern, Switzerland, 6 -10 July 2009J.G. MesschendorpFew-nucleon scattering experimentsinvited talk

EGAS Conference, Gdanzk, Poland, 7 -11 July 2009K. JungmannPrecision parity and time reversal experi-ments with trapped radioactive isotopesplenary talk

The 31st International Cosmic RayConference, Lodz, Poland, 7 - 15 July2009A.M. van den Berg for the Pierre AugerCollaborationRadio detection of cosmic rays at theSouthern Auger Observatoryposter

O. KavatsyukPhoto-Sensor Characteristics for a Multi-PMT Optical Module in KM3NeTposter

K. Singh, L. Bahren, S. Buitink, H. Falcke,J. Horandel, A. Horneffer, O. ScholtenUltra High Energy Cosmic Rays and Neu-trino Detection with LOFARtalk

K. de Vries, O. Scholten, K. WernerModeling coherent geomagnetic radiationfrom cosmic ray induced air showerstalk

The EPS HEP 2009 Conference, Cra-cow, Poland, 16 - 22 July 2009J.G. MesschendorpA systematic study of the strong interac-tiontalk

26th ICPEAC, Kalamazoo, Michigan,USA, 22 - 28 July 2009S. Bari, R. Hoekstra, T. SchlatholterInteractions of multiply charged ions withtrapped complex biomolecular ionsposter

V. Bernigaud, M. Capron, R. Maisonny,P. Rousseau, B. Manil, L. Adoui, J.-Y.Chesnel, L. Manoury, J. Rangama, B. A.Huber, S. Bari, J. Postma, R. Hoekstra, T.SchlatholterStability of pure, mixed, and nanohydratedclusters of small biomoleculesposter

J. Postma, S. Bari, R. Hoekstra, T.SchlatholterFragmentation and ionization dynamics ofpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsposter

M. Trassinelli, S. Bari, H.M. Dang, S.Geyer, E. Lamour, L. Maunoury, H. Mer-abet, J. Merot, F. Mezdari, J.-Y. Pacquet,B. Pascal, C. Prigent, J.-M. Ramillon, R.Reuschl, J.-P. Rozet, T. Schlatholter, S.Steydli, D. VernhetCollisions of Ar17+ ions with gaseous andsolid targets at a few tens of keV/q probedby X-ray spectroscopyposter

54

Advanced Studies Institute – Sym-metries and Spin (SPIN-Praha-2009),Prague, Czech Republic, 26 July - 2 Au-gust 2009C.J.G. OnderwaterDM Searchesinvited talk

C.J.G. OnderwaterLorentz invariance on trial in beta-decayinvited talk

ECT* Workshop on ”The lead radiusexperiment”, Trento, Italy, 13 August2009B.K. SahooAtomic parity violation in a single trappedradium ioninvited talk

10th Biennial ESTRO Physics & Radia-tion Technology for Clinical Radiother-apy, Maastricht, the Netherlands, 30August - 3 September 2009P. van Luijk, C.T. Muijs, H. Faber, J.M.Schippers, S. Brandenburg, J.A. Lan-gendijk, R.P. CoppesPrediction of radiation-induced lung dam-age using biology-based modelsposter

18th International Mass SpectrometryConference, Bremen, Germany, 30 Au-gust - 4 September 2009S. Bari, R. Hoekstra, T. SchlatholterkeV ion-induced dissociation of peptidesposter

XXXI Mazurian Lakes Conference onPhysics: NUCLEAR PHYSICS and theRoad to FAIR, Piaski, Poland, 30 Au-gust - 6 September 2009A. BiegunSimulations and data analysis for thePANDA experiment at FAIRtalk

N. Kalantar-NayestanakiPhysics with EXL, R3B and ELISe at FAIRinvited talk

L. Tolos, D. Cabrera, D. Gamermann,C. Garcia-Recio, R. Molina, J. Nieves, E.Oset, A. RamosStrange and charm mesons at FAIRinvited talk

19th International IUPAP Conferenceon Few-Body Problems in Physics, Uni-versity of Bonn, Germany, 31 August -5 September 2009M. Eslami-KalantariMeasurements of scattering observablesfor the p+d break-up reactiontalk

A. RamazaniStudy of deuteron-deuteron scattering at65 MeV per nucleontalk

International Conference SPARC-V, Lis-bon, Portugal, 1 - 4September 2009R. HoekstraTowards surface experiments at HITRAPinvited talk

Euroschool on Exotic Beams, Leuven,4 - 11 September 2009P.D. Shidling, G.S. Giri, D.J. van derHoek, K. Jungmann, W. Kruithof, C.J.G.

Onderwater, M. Sohani, O.O. Versolato, L.Willmann, H.W. WilschutProduction of Radioactive Ion Beamsposter

XIIIth International Workshop on Po-larized Sources, Targets & Polarimetry(PST’09), Ferrara, Italy, 7 - 11 Septem-ber 2009C.J.G. OnderwaterStorage Ring EDM Searchesinvited talk

10th International Conference onHypernuclear and Strange ParticlePhysics (Hyp X), Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan,14 - 18 September 2009L. Tolos, D. Cabrera, A. Polls, A. RamosStrange mesons from SIS to FAIRtalk

10th European Conference on Radia-tion Effects on Components and Sys-tems, Bruges, Belgium, 14 - 18 Septem-ber 2009E.R. van der Graaf, R.W. Ostendorf, M.-J.van Goethem, H.H. Kiewiet, M.A. Hofstee,S. BrandenburgAGORFIRM, the AGOR Facility for IRradia-tions of Materialsposter

International Conference on IonSources (ICIS09), Gatlinburg, Ten-nessee, USA, 21 - 25 September 2009J.P.M. BeijersThree-dimensional simulations of ion dy-namics in an ECRIStalk

S. Saminathan, V. Mironov, J.P.M Beijers,R. Kremers, S. Brandenburg3D Simulation of Ion Beam Extraction fromElectron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sourceand Low Energy Beam Transportposter

5th International Conference on Quarksand Nuclear Physics (QNP09), Beijing,China, 21 - 26 September 2009L. Tolos, D. Gamermann, C. Garcia-Recio,R. Molina, J. Nieves, E. Oset, A. RamosCharm hadrons in nuclear mediuminvited parallel talk

48th Meeting of the Particle TherapyCo-Operative Group (PTCOG), Heidel-berg, Germany, 28 September 2009A. Kitagawa, T. Fujita, M. Muramatsu, N.Sasaki, W. Takasugi, M. Wakaisami, S.Biri, A. DrentjeMultiple charged Carbon-Ion Production forthe Heavy Ion Therapyposter

P. van Luijk, C.T. Muijs, H. Faber, J.M.Schippers, S. Brandenburg, J.A. Lan-gendijk, R.P. CoppesUsing tissue damage scores in a novelmodel for the prediction of radiation-induced pulmonary complicationsposter

International Symposium on Exotic Nu-clei (EXON-2009), Sochi, Russia, 28September - 2 October 2009M.N. HarakehCompression modes: Nuclear compressibil-ity and microscopic structureinvited talk

55

33rd Annual Meeting NNV AMO, Lun-teren, the Netherlands, 6 - 7 October2009S. Bari, R. Hoekstra, T. SchlatholterkeV ion-induced dissociation of peptidesposter

G.S. GiriSpectroscopy of Trapped Radium Isotopesposter

D.J. van der HoekFundamental symetries in 21Na decayposter

D.M. Hong, R. Hoekstra, T. SchlatholterThe effect of low energy ions on plasmidDNAposter

J. Postma, S. Bari, R. Hoekstra, A. G. G.M. Tielens, T. SchlatholterFragmentation and ionization dynamics ofpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsposter

Scoping Workshop of the NuPECC LongRange Plan 2010 FIAS, Frankfurt, Ger-many 12 - 13 October 2009M.N. HarakehEuropean Nuclear Science and Applica-tions Research (ENSAR)invited talk

Very Large Volume Neutrino Tele-scopes, Athens, Greece, 13 - 16 October2009O. KavatsyukPhoto-Sensors for a Multi-PMT Optical Mod-ule in KM3NeTtalk

APS Meeting Division of NuclearPhysics, Waikaloa, HI. USA, 13 - 17October 2009L. Broussard, H.O. Back, M. Boswell, M.Busch, B. Carlin, A. Crowell, J. Faircloth,C. Howell, M.F. Kidd, P. Mulkey, R.W.Pattie Jr., A.R. Young, P.G. Dendooven,D.J.v.d. Hoek, L. Huisman, K. Jung-mann, W.L. Kruithof, C.J.G. Onderwater,P.D. Shidling, M. Sohani, O.O. Versolota,L. Willmann, H.W. WilschutHigh Precision Measurement of the 19NeLifetimeposter

The 2009 IEEE Nuclear Science Sym-posium, Orlando, Florida, USA, 25 - 31October 2009M. KavatsyukFeature-Extraction Algorithms for thePANDA Electromagnetic Calorimetertalk

R. VinkeOptimization of digital time pickoff meth-ods for LaBr3-SiPM TOF PET detectorstalk

The European Cyclotron Progress Meet-ing ECPM XXXVII, Groningen, theNetherlands, 28 - 31 October 2009M.J. van GoethemIntegration of an eye-tumor treatment facil-ity in a proton therapy centerposter

M. HofsteeStatus Report High Intensity Heavy IonBeams at AGORtalk

V. MironovECRIS development at KVItalk

S. Saminathan, V. Mironov, J.P.M Beijers,R. Kremers, S. Brandenburg3D Simulation of Ion Beam Extraction fromElectron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sourceand Low Energy Beam Transportposter

A. Sen, M. Hofstee, S, BrandenburgHeavy Ion Beam Induced Vacuum effectsin AGOR cyclotronposter

13. Deutsche Physikerinnentagung andPhysikalisches Kolloquium of Univer-sity of Frankfurt, Frankfurt (M), Ger-many, 5 - 8 November 2009L. TolosThe charming strangeness in hadronphysicsinvited opening talk

JS70 Symposium in honour of the70th anniversary of Prof. J. Styczen,Krakow, Poland, 6 November 2009M.N.SPIRAL2: The mid-term and long-rangeplansinvited talk

The NNV Najaarsvergadering Sub-atomaire Fysica, Lunteren, Nether-lands, 6 November 2009T. AdachiA novel spectrometer concept for exotic nu-clear structure research at the electron/ioncollider ELISe at FAIRtalk

A. BiegunPANDA- the charm future experiment atFAIRtalk

G.S GiriPrecision Experiments on a Single RadiumIontalk

E. GuliyevPerformance of digital readout electronicsfor PWO crystals studied with GeV taggedphotonstalk

W. KruithofPrecision weak interaction studies withtrapped Na isotopestalk

C.J.G. OnderwaterTests of the Standard Model at low energyinvited plenary talk

B.K. SahooAtomic parity violation in a single trappedradium iontalk

B. Santra, A. Groot, K. Jungmann, L. Will-mannHyperfine stucture interval in 225-Raposter

V.I. StoicaDigital Pulse Shape Analysistalk

56

V. Suyam JothiValidation studies for the simulation anddata analysis framework of PANDAtalk

K.D. de Vries, O. Scholten, K. Werner andthe Auger Netherlands GroupRadio emission from air showers, lookingat the highest energetic particles from ouruniverse!talk

Symposium Biomedical Technology Re-search, Faculteit Wiskunde en Natuur-wetenschappen RUG en UniversitairMedisch Centrum Groningen, Gronin-gen, the Netherlands, 11 November2009S. BrandenburgBiomedical research at KVItalk

XIII International Conference onHadron Spectroscopy (Hadron 2009),Tallahassee Florida, USA, 29 November- 4 December 2009L. TolosCharmed mesons in nuclear matterinvited parallel talk

Nikhef Jamboree, Nikhef, Amsterdam,the Netherlands, December 2009S. Harmsma, for the Pierre Auger Collab-orationThe third level trigger of the MAXIMA setuptalk

Workshop on Neutrino, Neutron, Nu-clear, Medical and Muon Physics atESS, Lund, Sweden, 2 - 4 December2009C.J.G. OnderwaterCompact storage ring to search for themuon electric dipole momentinvited talk

International Symposium on NuclearPhysics, Mumbai, India, 8 - 12 Decem-ber 2009O. ScholtenCoupled-channels partial-wave analysis ofKaon photoproductioninvited talk

H.W. WilschutDecay and the electric dipole moment:Searches for Time-Reversal Violation inradioactive nuclei and atomsinvited talk

Organized conferences and workshops

57

Auger Radio R&D MeetingIMAPP, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands, 27 - 28January 2009A.M. van den Berg

Workshop on ”Physics at a High Energy Electron Ion Collider”Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Seattle,19 - 23 October 2009D. Boer

European Cyclotron Progress Meeting XXXVII (ECPM XXXVII)Groningen, the Netherlands, 28 - 31 October 2009S. Brandenburg, M. Hofstee, R. Ostendorf, E. van der Graaf, H.Kiewiet

European Cyclotron Progress Meeting

ECPM XXXVIIGroningen, The Netherlands

28-31 OCTOBER 2009

• New projects

• Upgrades

• Beam dynamics

• Technical design

• Technologies

• Applications: hadron therapy, industry and medicine

• Future of cyclotrons in research and other fields

• Registration deadline: August 31, 2009

www.kvi.nl/ecpm09/

Organizing Committee:

S. Brandenburg, KVI (chair)

E.R. van der Graaf, KVI

M.A. Hofstee, KVI

H.H. Kiewiet, KVI

R.W. Ostendorf, KVI

A.M.J. Paans,UMCG

A.D. Petitiaux, KVI (secr.)

Scientific Committee:

P. BERTRAND, Caen, France

S. BRANDENBURG, Groningen, The Netherlands

L. CALABRETTA, Catania, Italy

G.G. GULBEKIAN, Dubna, Russia

P. HEIKKINEN, Jyväskylä, Finland

A. DENKER, Berlin, Germany

Y. JONGEN, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

P. MANDRILLON, Nice, France

N. NESKOVIC, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro

M. LOISELET, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

M. SEIDEL, Villigen, Switzerland

H. SCHWEICKERT, Karlsruhe, Germany

Seminars at KVI

59

13 January 2009Anne Lisa Wolf, Vrije Universiteit Amster-dam, the NetherlandsCalcium ion trapping and spectroscopy

15 January 2009Andrei Derevianko, University of Nevada,Reno, USAImproved test of the standard model ofelementary particles with atomic parity vi-olation

10 February 2009Phil Woods, University of Edinburgh,United KingdomAdvances in explosive nuclear astro-physics

17 February 2009Fabrice Gerbier, Labaratoire KastlerBrossel, ParisUltracold atoms meet condensed matter

24 February 2009Klaus Peters, GSI Darmstadt, GermanyCharm physics

3 March 2009Michiharu Wada, RIKEN, JapanPrecision optical spectroscopy of berylliumisotopes

31 March 2009Fritz-Herbert Heinsius, UniversitatBochum, GermanyHadron physics with COMPASS at CERN

7 April 2009Daniel Fischer, Max Planck Institut Hei-delberg, GermanyMomentum spectroscopy in ion storagerings - from atomic and molecular colli-sion dynamics to precision spectroscopyon highly charged ions

28 April 2009Leila Joulaeizadeh, KVI Groningen, theNetherlandsPionic fusion in light ion systems

7 May 2009Naohito Saito, KEK, Tsukuba, JapanNew Challenge for the Precision Measure-ment of Muon g-2 and EDM

8 May 2009S. Hoekstra, Fritz-Haber-Institut, Berlin,GermanyCold neutral molecules probing fundamen-tal physics

12 May 2009Luca Maccione, DESY Hamburg, Ger-manyHigh energy astrophysics, Cosmic Raysand fundamental physics

2 June 2009Shizu Minami, GSI Darmstadt, GermanyHypernuclear physics with heavy ionbeams at GSI

4 June 2009Atsushi Hosaka, RCNP, JapanThe nature of dynamically generatedbaryon resonances

9 June 2009Steven Knoop, Kirchhoff-Institut furPhysik, Universitat Heidelberg, GermanyBeyond the Efimov effect: observation ofuniversal tetramer states

10 June 2009D. Savran, IKP, TU Darmstadt, GermanySystematics and structure of the Pygmydipole resonance

12 June 2009Jarno Van de Walle, CERN-ISOLDE, Gen-eve, SwitzerlandCoulomb excitation studies around Z=28 atREX-ISOLDE

22 June 2009Radomira Lozeva, CSNSM, Universite deParis-Sud, Orsay, FranceRare isotope investigations towards nu-clear structure, moments and instrumenta-tion

23 June 2009Elisabetta Pallante, University of Gronin-gen, the NetherlandsThe Many Uses of Chiral Effective Theories

1 September 2009Jacek Bieron, Jagiellonian University,Krakow, PolandMCDHF calculations of the EDM of Ra

8 September 2009Robert Harlander, University of Wupper-tal, GermanyHiggs physics at the Large Hadron Collider

15 September 2009Mohammad Eslami-Kalantari, KVIGroningen, the NetherlandsThree nucleon force effects in proton-deuteron break-up studied with BINA at135 MeV

28 September 2009Rick Bethlem, Vrije Universiteit Amster-dam, the NetherlandsTesting the time-invariance of fundamen-tal constants using cold, and not so cold,molecules

29 September 2009Ahmad Ramazani, KVI Groningen, theNetherlandsCross section and analyzing power mea-surements in three and four nucleon scat-tering

9 October 2009Rene Gerritsma, Universitat Innsbruck,AustriaTest of quantum contextuality usingtrapped ions

13 October 2009Antonio Fonseca, LisbonFew-body calculations and their applica-tion to direct nuclear reaction

20 October 2009Alma de Groot, KVI Groningen, theNetherlandsSalt-marsh sediment. Natural gamma-radioactivity and special patterns

60

23 October 2009Robbie Lindsay, University of the WesternCape, Kaapstad, South-AfricaMeasurement of Radon in water and appli-cations

17 November 2009Christian Pauly, FZ Julich, GermanyThe WASA experiment: overview and sta-tus

30 November 2009Giorgio Gratta, Stanford University, CA,USAHow much does a neutrino weigh? Double-beta decay and the quest for neutrinomasses

1 December 2009Rudi Dierckx and Anne Paans, NuclearMedicine & Molecular Imaging, UniversityMedical Centre Groningen, the Nether-landsGroningen introduces itself

15 December 2009Tom Kirchner, York University, Toronto,CanadaNew calculations for heavy-particle colli-sions: more depth and complexity

22 December 2009S. Nataraj, University of Budapest, Hun-garyElectric dipole moment of the electron andits implications on cosmology

Seminars and colloquiagiven outside KVI

61

L. TolosSelf-consistent unitary coupled-channelapproach to the in-medium properties ofstrange and charm mesonsKolloquium in Institut fur Theoretis-che Physik I, Justus-Liebig-UniversitatGiessen, Giessen, Germany22 January 2009

C.J.G. OnderwaterThe atomic nucleus: tool of choice for fun-damental and applied research at KVI -GroningenSeminar Physics Department, Universityof Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana,IL, USA22 January 2009

O. ScholtenPhysics at KVISeminar Universidade Federal Sao Paulo,Brasil17 April 2009

T. SchlatholterMolecular mechanisms underlying heavyion therapySeminar MPI fur Kernphysik, Heidelberg,Germany22 April 2009

K. JungmannThe Atomic Nucleus - A Precision Labora-toryGSI Kolloquium, Helmholtzinstitut furSchwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Ger-many5 May 2009

K. JungmannDer Atomkern als PrazisionslaborPhysik Kolloquium Universitat zu Koln,Cologne, Germany19 May 2009

K. SinghRadio detection of ultra-high energy parti-clesSeminar Banares Hindu University, India22 May 2009

L. TolosIn-medium properties of charm at FAIRNuclear Physics Seminar, Brookhaven Na-tional Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA2 June 2009

R. HoekstraFrom COMETS to DNA: the impact of ionimpact on matterFOM Rijnhuizen colloquium, the Nether-lands11 June 2009

O.O. VersolatoHigh-precision experiments on a singletrapped radium ionTalk Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA19 June 2009

O.O. VersolatoHigh-precision experiments on a singletrapped radium ionTalk at National Institute of Standardsand Technology (NIST), Boulder, Colorado,USA24 June 2009

T. SchlatholterMolecular mechanisms underlying heavyion therapyColloquium KTH Stockholm, Sweden17 September 2009

M.N. HarakehGamow-Teller transitions: Implications forsupernova scenarios and double-βdecaySeminar, Nuclear Physics division SPhN,IRFU, CEA, Saclay, France18 September 2009

M.N. HarakehGamow-Teller transitions: Implications forsupernova scenarios and double-βdecaySeminar, GANIL, Caen, France23 September 2009

Manisha RanjanA Cryogenic ion catcher for LEB at Super-FRSSeminar, GSI, Darmstadt, Germany24 September 2009

Manisha RanjanA Cryogenic ion catcher for LEB at Super-FRSSeminar, Giessen, Germany25 September 2009

L. TolosStrange and charm mesons at FAIRSeminar,University of Science and Tech-nology of China, Hefei, China25 September 2009

C.J.G. OnderwaterThe princess & the pea : Probing the Stan-dard Model at low energyColloquium IMAPP, Radboud University,Nijmegen25 September 2009

A.M. van den BergAstroparticle Physics at the Pierre AugerObservatoryCentre for Theoretical Physics, Universityof Groningen, the Netherlands19 October 2009

T. SchlatholterMolecular mechanisms underlying heavyion therapyColloquium Groningen, the Netherlands22 October 2009

M.N. HarakehCompression modes: Nuclear compressibil-ity and microscopic structureSeminar, GANIL, Caen, France20 November 2009

K. SinghDetection of Ultra High Energy Netrinoswith WSRT and LOFARSeminar Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Bel-gium10 December 2009

H.W. WilschutThe Limits of the Standard Model: Tests atLow EnergySeminar, Indian Institute of Astrophysics,Bangalore, India14 December 2009

Press

62

S. BrandenburgTelevision interview about protontherapyshown in VARA’s Nieuwslicht on February4, 2009

L. TolosInterview for ”Dagblad van het Noorden”on the occassion of the Rosalind FranklinFellowship Award Ceremony, May 2009