from the chair’s desk - american sociological association · emotions committees (2012-2013)...

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Spring 2013 1 Hello, and welcome to the Spring newsletter! Work on behalf of the section is proceeding well. Thanks to Rebecca Erickson, Amy Kros- ka, Doug Shrock, Alison Bianchi, and Kathleen Brennan, we have an exceptionally strong slate of candidates who will stand for office this year. Plans for the 2013 meetings are also moving along quite well. Amy Kroska and Clare Stacey have organized very interesting sections. Based on the strength and the number of sub- missions received, Amy was able to negotiate for two sessions from ASA – Emotion Manage- ment at Work and Morality, Dignity, Anger and Love. Way to go Amy! Clare Stacey, who also received more papers than she had room for has organized the Section Session: Emotion and Inequality. Scott Savage, who organized roundtables for the Social Psychology section, received close to a doz- en papers on emotion (which do not include those for- warded by Amy and Clare), which suggests that there will be at least one roundtable on emotions this year. And, finally, I organized an invited session as part of the Chair’s Hour. I am very excited about this session, because it features four of our “youngest” members and really highlights the future of our section. More detailed information about the program will be included in the summer newsletter as things get finalized, so stay tuned! Suffice it to say that we’re in for a lot of stellar scholarship in emotion this summer in New York! Keep in mind that the deadline for the Graduate Student Paper Award and the Recent Contribution Award (for arti- cles) is March 1 st . I’ve spoken to Amy Wharton, the chair of the Recent Contribution Committee, and as early as February 1, it was clear that she and Jody Clay-Warner, and Jamie Mullaney where going to have their hands full because of the number of excellent submissions. I’m sure that the Graduate Student Paper Committee (Miliann Kang, chair; Richard Serpe; and Melissa Sloan) is going to be similarly busy. Although we are not voting on the Lifetime Achievement Award this year, please keep in mind that that award will be back on the table for next year. So, start thinking about who you might want to consider for this prestigious award and why. Finally, Jessica Levito continues to keep us up to date on the web and on twitter. If you haven’t been to our website lately, I invite you to go check it out at (http:// www2.asanet.org/Emotions/). The website is not only a repository of past newsletters, but also includes infor- mation on past award winners (always good if you need to update your syllabi) and other up and coming news related to emotion. You can also follow us on Twitter (http:// www.twitter.com/SocEmotions) and Facebook (https:// www.facebook.com/SocEmotions). Membership numbers are in! We currently fewer than 200 members, which is considerably lower from our numbers from last year. What this suggests to me is that we have several members who have yet to renew their members. So, please, please, please renew your section member- ship if you haven’t already. That said, while we are a small section, one-third of our membership is comprised of students, which speaks to the (Continued on page 2) Spring 2013 Newsletter Volume 27, Number 1 Newsletter Content Daniel Shank, University of Alabama at Birmingham FROM THE CHAIRS DESK............ 1-3 SECTION OFFICERS ....................... 2 COMMITTEE MEMBERS ................... 3 ANNOUNCEMENTS .......................... 3 CALL FOR 2013 EMOTIONS SECTION AWARDS ........................................ 3 BOOK REVIEW: HOCHSCHILDS THE OUTSOURCED SELF (MELISSA Z. SAV- LOV) ........................................... 4-5 NEW CITES: BOOKS.......................................................... 6 A NEW AND GROWING FIELD: THE SOCIOLOGY OF SUFFERING (E. DOYLE MCCARTHY) ................................................. 7-8 NEW CITES: ARTICLES...................................................... 8 CONGRATULATIONS .......................................................... 8 Content for Summer Newsletter Deadline: June 15, 2013 Email Daniel at: [email protected] From the Chair’s Desk Kathryn Lively, Dartmouth College

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Page 1: From the Chair’s Desk - American Sociological Association · Emotions Committees (2012-2013) Meeting Announcement The Society for the Study of Symbolic Interaction (SSSI) Annual

Spring 2013 1

Sociology of Emotions Newsletter

Hello, and welcome to the Spring newsletter! Work on behalf of the section is proceeding well. Thanks to Rebecca Erickson, Amy Kros-ka, Doug Shrock, Alison Bianchi, and Kathleen Brennan, we have an exceptionally strong slate of candidates who will stand for office this year. Plans for the 2013 meetings are also moving along quite well. Amy Kroska and Clare Stacey have organized very interesting sections. Based on the strength and the number of sub-missions received, Amy was able to negotiate for two sessions from ASA – Emotion Manage-ment at Work and Morality, Dignity, Anger and Love. Way to go Amy! Clare Stacey, who also received more papers than she had room for has organized the Section Session: Emotion and Inequality. Scott Savage, who organized roundtables for the Social Psychology section, received close to a doz-en papers on emotion (which do not include those for-warded by Amy and Clare), which suggests that there will be at least one roundtable on emotions this year. And,

finally, I organized an invited session as part of the Chair’s Hour. I am very excited about this session, because it features four of our “youngest” members and really highlights the future of our section. More detailed information about the program will be included in the summer newsletter as things get finalized, so stay tuned! Suffice it to say that we’re in for a lot of stellar scholarship in emotion this summer in New York!

Keep in mind that the deadline for the Graduate Student Paper Award and the Recent Contribution Award (for arti-cles) is March 1

st. I’ve spoken to Amy Wharton, the chair

of the Recent Contribution Committee, and as early as February 1, it was clear that she and Jody Clay-Warner, and Jamie Mullaney where going to have their hands full because of the number of excellent submissions. I’m sure that the Graduate Student Paper Committee (Miliann Kang, chair; Richard Serpe; and Melissa Sloan) is going to be similarly busy. Although we are not voting on the Lifetime Achievement Award this year, please keep in mind that that award will be back on the table for next year. So, start thinking about who you might want to consider for this prestigious award and why. Finally, Jessica Levito continues to keep us up to date on the web and on twitter. If you haven’t been to our website lately, I invite you to go check it out at (http://www2.asanet.org/Emotions/). The website is not only a repository of past newsletters, but also includes infor-mation on past award winners (always good if you need to update your syllabi) and other up and coming news related to emotion. You can also follow us on Twitter (http://www.twitter.com/SocEmotions) and Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/SocEmotions). Membership numbers are in! We currently fewer than 200 members, which is considerably lower from our numbers from last year. What this suggests to me is that we have several members who have yet to renew their members. So, please, please, please renew your section member-ship if you haven’t already. That said, while we are a small section, one-third of our membership is comprised of students, which speaks to the

(Continued on page 2)

Spring 2013 Newsletter Volume 27, Number 1

Newsletter Content Daniel Shank,

University of Alabama at Birmingham

FROM THE CHAIR’S DESK ............ 1-3

SECTION OFFICERS ....................... 2

COMMITTEE MEMBERS ................... 3

ANNOUNCEMENTS .......................... 3

CALL FOR 2013 EMOTIONS SECTION AWARDS ........................................ 3

BOOK REVIEW: HOCHSCHILD’S THE OUTSOURCED SELF (MELISSA Z. SAV-

LOV) ........................................... 4-5

NEW CITES: BOOKS .......................................................... 6

A NEW AND GROWING FIELD: THE SOCIOLOGY OF SUFFERING (E. DOYLE MCCARTHY) ................................................. 7-8

NEW CITES: ARTICLES ...................................................... 8

CONGRATULATIONS .......................................................... 8

Content for Summer Newsletter Deadline: June 15,

2013

Email Daniel at: [email protected]

From the Chair’s Desk Kathryn Lively, Dartmouth College

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health of the section growing forward. Additionally, March 31

st is the last day members may join the section and still

participate in the election. I know that it’s easy to just put it off (and put it off), but please renew and encourage your students and your friends and colleagues to consider join-ing! As you may recall, the section received a very gener-ous and anonymous donation to help the section subsi-dize student memberships during the first year. As of late January, we still have $250 in that pot. I know it may seem strange to say, ‘Encourage your friends and colleagues to join the section,” but it’s really not. Everywhere we turn, be it in real life, towards the evening news, the media, the organizations in which we’re embedded, or even the national stage, emotions are eve-rywhere. Whether it’s the horror of yet another school shooting, the frustration of watching political leaders hag-gle their way towards “the fiscal cliff,” or the pride —or dis-gust, depending on your perspective—of the second inau-guration the first multiracial president, we really can’t get away from emotions in the course of everyday life. Not only are they pervasive in the media portrayals of news events, they also permeate every social institution and underpin almost every social process. I know that I/we are not alone in our understanding of this, as it is increasingly common to open books by sociologists who aren’t affiliated with the section, but who are nonethe-less “(re)discovering emotions.” In this way, the sociology of emotion, much like symbolic interaction and social psy-chology more generally, runs the risk of being victim of its own success. More people are finding emotions, without fully appreciating all the theoretical and empirical work that has come before. We have a lot to offer sociology and getting more people aware of what we tend to take for granted is an important first step.

I continue to be grateful for Daniel Burton Shank for his tireless work on the newsletter. This issue, like all our pre-vious issues, is packed with tidbits of interest not only to members of our section, but also to the broader communi-ty of sociologists within which we live and work. For in-stance, in this issue you will Melissa Savlov’s (University of California – Riverside) review of Hochschild’s new book, The Outsourced Self (pp. 4-5). Additionally, you will also find notes on the SSSI (Society for the Study of Symbolic Interaction) annual mini-conference (which is another ex-cellent venue for emotions scholars) and a special issue of the Journal of Social Policy and Society that deals specifi-cally with emotional labor (p. 3). Doyle McCarthy has also provided us with a thoughtful opinion-style piece called “A New and Growing Field: The Sociology of Suffering” (pp. 7-8). And, finally, this issue includes lists of recently pub-lished books and articles, related to the study of emotion (pp. 6, 8). While each of these publications have a lot to offer, I’d like to specifically call attention to Grandey, Diefendorf, and Rupp’s edited volume, Emotional Labor in the 21

st Centu-

ry; although this volume does include a few chapters writ-ten by sociologists (including a forward from Arlie Hochschild), the bulk of it is written by psychologists and management/organizations scholars. Thus, this work, un-like most on the topic, adopts a truly interdisciplinary ap-proach. Not only does it identify the places where sociolo-gists and other scholars are talking past one another, it also identifies places where conversations are not only likely, but also desirable. I must say that I was absolutely thrilled by the enthusiasm of our members when it came to answering the ASA’s call for papers, as well as by the reported quality of the sub-missions. I know that Clare Stacy received 9 papers and Amy Kroska received 17! Not to mention all of those crea-tive souls who submitted directly to the roundtables. We

(Continued on page 3)

Emotions Section Officers

Chair Kathryn Lively Dartmouth College [email protected]

Chair Elect \ Council Jody Clay-Warner University of Georgia [email protected]

Past Chair Robin Simon Wake Forest University [email protected]

Council Lisa Slattery Walker University of North Carolina, Charlotte [email protected]

Council Lauren Rivera Northwestern University [email protected]

Council (student) Lindsey Ayers Kent State University [email protected]

Secretary-Treasurer Amy Wilkins University of Colorado, Boulder [email protected]

Newsletter Editor Daniel Shank University of Alabama, Birmingham [email protected]

Webmaster and Social Media Manager

Jessica Leveto Kent State University, Ashtabula [email protected]

(From the Chair’s Desk continued)

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may be small, but we are prolific! Between the two regular sessions, the section session, and the chair’s hour, we have nothing at all to be embarrassed of — in fact, we should all be quite proud of our accomplishments, both as individual scholars and as members of the section. It truly is an honor to be the chair of this vibrant and intellectually rich community of intellectuals. I’m going to stop here. Please don’t hesitate to contact me ([email protected]) with suggestions for the section and Daniel ([email protected]) with your ideas for the summer newsletter. I would welcome any suggestions about how to continue to grow our membership. It might also be interesting to showcase works in progress so that we can keep a closer eye on what others in the field are doing. Finally, I know that data issues continue to plague members of our community, especially those that rely on survey data. If you’re using a new data collection method or you’ve found an interesting dataset and would be willing to share, this is the place to do it. Until June, have a healthy, happy, and productive spring.

Recent Contribution Award Amy Wharton, Chair, Washington State University Jody Clay-Warner, University of Georgia Jamie Mullaney, Goacher College Graduate Student Paper Committee Miliann Kang, Chair, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Richard Serpe, Kent State University Melissa Sloan, University of South Florida Program Committee Clare Stacy, Kent State University, Session - Emotions and Inequality Kathryn Lively, Dartmouth College, Chair’s Hour Scott Savage, UC-Riverside - Roundtables (with Social Psychology) Nominations Committee Rebecca Erickson, University of Akron, Chair Amy Kroska, University of Oklahoma Doug Shrock, Florida State University Alison Bianchi, University of Iowa Kathleen M. Brennan, West Carolina Recruitment Committee Jordan Brown, Loyola University, Chair Kathryn Lively, Dartmouth College

Emotions Committees (2012-2013)

Meeting Announcement The Society for the Study of Symbolic Interaction (SSSI) Annual Meeting, which is held concurrently with the ASA annual meeting on August 8-10, 2013 in New York City, will feature a panel on the sociology of emotions, orga-nized by Patrick Grzanka (Arizona State University). Please check http://www.symbolicinteraction.org closer to the date for the complete program and location infor-mation. ASA emotions section members are encouraged to attend! Themed Journal Section Announcement Upcoming Themed Section of the Journal of Social Policy and Society (Vol. 12, Issue 3, July) on “Welfare State Re-form, Recognition and Emotional Labour”. Edited by Ellen Grootegoed, Evelien Tonkens and Jan Willem Duyvendak, this themed section deals with welfare state retrenchment and its corollary – the encouragement of ‘active citizen-ship’ – in Western countries today and how citizens experi-ence these reforms and their accompanying rhetoric. The aim of this themed section is to understand the emotional subtexts behind changing social policies. Based on six, cross-national studies and an afterword by Arlie Hochschild, the themed section shows that policy reform is not merely a reform of rules, rights and duties, but is also to be understood as ‘emotional reform’ – particularly as it pertains to how people feel about the cutting back of pub-licly funded services.

ASA's Sociology of Emotions Section’s Recent Contri-bution Award Nominations are being sought for the most outstanding article published in the last two years that advances the sociology of emotions empirically, theoretically, or method-ologically. To submit a nomination, please send a PDF file of the paper to Amy Wharton ([email protected]) by March 1, 2013. ASA’s Sociology of Emotions Section’s Outstanding Graduate Student Paper Award Nominations are being sought for the most outstanding, article-length graduate student paper that contributes to the sociology of emotions empirically, theoretically, or methodologically. Authors of eligible papers must be grad-uate students at the time of the paper's submission. Multi-ple-authored papers are eligible for the award if all authors are graduate students. Papers that have been accepted for publication at the time of nomination are not eligible. To submit a nomination, please send a PDF file of the paper to Miliann Kang ([email protected]). Deadline for

submissions is March 1, 2013.

Emotions Section Awards

(From the Chair’s Desk continued)

Announcements

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Arlie Russell Hochschild’s The Out-sourced Self: The Intimate Self in Market Times (2012) examines the increasing entwinement of modern Americans’ intimate emotions and the economic market. Such a develop-ment wouldn’t have surprised Marcu-se (1964), who argued that capitalism perpetuates itself by creating false needs that people unsuccessfully at-tempt to satisfy by accumulating in-creasingly more material things. In this case, however, the needs are very real: more time, and the product is personal services. As detailed in Hochschild’s Time Bind (1997) and Schor’s Overworked Americans (1993), we can never get enough time to complete all that modern life ex-pects of us. Yet, some of us try to re-cover or protect our time by outsourc-ing everything we possibly can. The question is, does doing so make our lives less meaningful? In her latest book, The Outsourced Self, Hochschild (2012) investigates how deeply people allow the economic market to penetrate their lives, emo-tions, and selves. She evaluates the increasingly common (primarily middle- and upper-class) practice of outsourcing personal chores and activities that, in earlier decades, would only be handled personally or by family members or well-established neighbors (particularly in small, close-knit communities). Some examples include elder and child-care, courting (or, in modern vernacular, dating), and teaching children how to use the toilet and throw a base-ball. Hochschild also examines distinctly contemporary personal needs / wants such as online marital therapy; cross-national child surrogacy; and life-coaching, including love-coaching and specialized services to help people identify what they truly feel and want from life (a.k.a., “wantology”). AUTHENTIC BOND, BUSINESS TRANSACTION, OR BOTH? Yet, one can’t help but wonder if “outsourcing the inti-mate” (Hochschild 2012) strips authenticity from our daily lives. In other words, could certain meaningful activities lose meaning when we delegate them, cumulatively mak-ing our personal lives less meaningful? According to

Hochschild (2012), people preserve meaning by making careful choices based on their personal values. For example, she described how one per-son “[drew] lines [on how much she would outsource], based on unnamed feelings” (110). This approach might sanctify interactions and activities that one holds dear. However, what about the emotional bonds that people fail to generate through outsourcing? According to Lawler and Thye (1999), social exchanges generate “relational cohesion” — or, situation-specific in-terpersonal bonds — that stabilize society’s social order. Sociologists have long acknowledged that emotion-generating interactions reinforce (Turner and Stets 2008) and renew (Ridgeway 2006) our social structure. Thus, will mass outsourcing of tasks and activities we’ve come to associ-ate with our intimate selves neces-sarily result in social disintegration and an unhealthily anomic society

(Durkheim [1897]1951)? Possibly. However, the question implies that, once a person delegates a project or activity, he or she disengages from it and leaves it in the hands of a professionally detached specialist. This, I argue, is not always the case. In fact, it’s more the exception than the rule; for people who specialize in personal services often pride themselves on actively bonding with their clients. In 1983, Hochschild closely studied flight attendants who were expected to engage in emotional labor. This type of work involves managing one’s own emotions so as to comply or with employers’ and customers’ expectations. Personal service providers, I argue, also engage in emo-tional labor. However, there is one crucial difference be-tween the two. After engaging in long-term emotional la-bor, the flight attendants eventually struggled to differenti-ate between their own (less positive) emotions and those that they were expected to feign. Whereas, the service providers described in The Outsourced Self (2012) ex-pressed no emotional conflict or ambiguity between their work and personal selves. On the contrary, they invited the opportunity to become “emotionally involved” with cli-ents (55). For instance, a wedding planner reported feeling like a couple’s extended “family” and a “trusted confi-

(Continued on page 5)

MODERN MEANINGS IN AN OUTSOURCED SOCIETY: AN ANALYSIS OF HOCHSCHILD’S OUTSOURCED SELF

Melissa Z. Savlov, University of California, Riverside

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dante” (48). A love coach exalted at a particularly challeng-ing client’s successful search for love (26). Perhaps the difference is that the flight attendants (1983) had little control over the rules to which their bodies and emotions were subject, and the service providers (2012) were entrepreneurs living professional lives they’d de-signed themselves. Nevertheless, a combined analysis of both books prompts the question: If the client and provider share a mutual emotional bond, does intimate outsourcing simply expand the scope of one’s personal life (beyond the self and family to service providers); or, is the commerciali-zation of our personal lives yet another instance of capital-ism overpowering and devouring our relationships with our alienated selves and others (Marx 1884)? CONCLUSION As Hochschild’s Time Bind (1997) and Schor’s Overworked Americans (1993) highlight, modern Americans are over-stressed and time-pressed. So it’s no wonder that we’re frantically attempting to outsource even the most personal of tasks. We simply don’t have time for personal lives any-more; yet we still believe that we are supposed to have them in order to lead healthy lives. So, we outsource. But why? Why, as a culture, do we believe that increasing the com-plexity of our lives, and expending increasingly more time and money in the process, is healthy? Why don’t we adjust our self-expectations instead of seeking alleviation in the marketplace? Our social structure predisposes us to ad-dress social problems through material (or, in this case, service) consumption, as Marx (1844) and Marcuse (1964) have pointed out. Yet, I would argue, capitalistically driven pressures to rapaciously consume are not the only factors in this equation. Emotions, too, play a role. Psychologically, people feel compelled to pursue authentic-ity (Harter 2002). They want to feel like they are being true to themselves. They want their lives to mean something (Becker 1999). In the past, people (usually men) worked eight hours each weekday and returned home with the ex-pectation that they would not be called upon to work again until the following morning. In the evenings and on week-ends, they developed hobbies that were meaningful to them and brought them personal satisfaction (Olmsted 1993). Today, technology keeps us incessantly connected to the world and its associated obligations. Our work and home lives increasingly blur (Hochschild 1997). For many Ameri-cans, free time either seems like or actually is an unafford-able luxury. But outsourcing aspects of our personal lives creates a fabrication of meaning that sustains us. We may not have time to go on dates, but we can chat with people on dating sites. We may not be able to quit our jobs to care

for our aging parents; but, from our computers, we can re-search retirement homes and persuade them to move there from our mobile telephones. We don’t have time to throw the baseball with our children; but the coaches we pay to replace us throw better than we do, we assure ourselves. In conclusion, personal outsourcing is a symptom of, and temporary solution for, a structural problem. We can out-source as much as we like; but we will never find enough time because society will always demand more. Instead of outsourcing our intimate selves, and perpetuating the cycle of increasing expectations, we should focus on evolving our culture to incorporate and perhaps leverage technology in ways that yield healthier approaches to modern life. If we are to lead genuinely meaningful lives, we must give our-selves permission to recapture personal time and get reac-quainted with our intimate selves. References Becker, Gay. 1999. Disrupted Lives: How People Create

Meaning in a Chaotic World. Berkeley, CA: Univer-sity of California Press.

Durkheim, Émile. 1897. Suicide: A Study in Sociology. Translated by J. A. Spaulding and G. Simpson. Glencoe, IL: The Free Press.

Harter, Susan. 2002. “Authenticity.” Pp. 382-394 in Hand-book of Positive Psychology, edited by C. R. Snyder and Shane J. Lopez. New York: Oxford University Press.

Hochschild, Arlie Russell. 1983. The Managed Heart: Com-mercialization of Human Feeling. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Hochschild, Arlie Russell. 1997. The Time Bind: When Work Becomes Home and Home Becomes Work. New York: Metropolitan Books.

Hochschild, Arlie Russell. 2012. The Outsourced Self: The Intimate Self in Market Times. New York: Metropol-itan Books.

Lawler, Edward J. and Shane R. Thye. 1999. “Bringing Emotions into Social Exchange Theory.” Annual Review of Sociology 25(1):217-244.

Marcuse, Herbert. 1964. One-Dimensional Man. New York: Sphere. Marx, Karl. 1844. “The Alienation of Labor.” Economic and

Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844. Publisher Un-known.

Olmsted, A. D. 1993. “Hobbies and Serious Leisure.” World Leisure & Recreation 35(1):26-32.

Ridgeway, Cecilia. 2006. “Linking Social Structure and In-terpersonal Behavior: A Theoretical Perspective on Cultural Schemas and Social Relations." Social Psychology Quarterly 69(1):5-16.

Schor, Juliet. 1993. The Overworked American: The Unex-pected Decline of Leisure. New York: Basic Books.

Turner, Jonathan H. and Jan E. Stets. 2008. The Sociology of Emotions. New York: Cambridge University Press.

(The Outsourced Self Book Review continued)

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Grandey, Alicia A., James M. Diefendorff, and Deborah E. Rupp. 2013. Emotional Labor in the 21st Century: Diverse Perspec-

tives on Emotion Regulation at Work. Routledge Press. Purchase.

Henricks, Thomas. 2012. Selves, Societies, and Emotions: Understanding the Pathways of Experience.” Paradigm. Purchase.

Hochschild, Arlie Russell. 2012. The Outsourced Self: Intimate Life in Market Times. Metropolitan. Purchase

Hoffmann, Elizabeth A. 2012. Co-operative Workplace Dispute Resolution: Organizational Structure, Ownership, and Ideolo-

gy. Ashgate/Gower. Purchase.

Hunt, Pamela. 2013. Where the Music Takes You: The Social Psychology of Music Subcultures. Cognella Academic Publishing.

Available before August 2013.

Lois, Jennfier. 2012. Home Is Where the School Is: The Logic of Homeschooling and the Emotional Labor of Mothering. New

York University Press. Purchase.

Justice 21 Committee of the Society for the Study of Social Problems. 2012. Agenda for Social Justice: Solutions 2012. Cre-

ateSpace Independent. Purchase.

Pixley, Jocelyn. 2012. New Perspectives on Emotions in Finance The Sociology of Confidence, Fear and Betrayal. Routledge.

Purchase.

Vingerhoets, Ad. 2013. Why Only Humans Weep. Unraveling the Mysteries of Tears. Oxford University. Purchase.

New Cites: Books

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Suffering is a relatively new field of study in the social sciences and in the sociology of emotions. Some have argued that this academic and social scientific interest in suffering—described as a new “awakening” to the need to inquire into the existential components of suffering, the lived experience of suffering (Wilkensen 2005, p. 3)—has grown up in response to the relatively recent growth of mass media portrayals of people suffering. Iain Wil-kinson’s 2005 book, Suffering: A Sociological Introduc-tion, makes precisely this point. Arthur and Joan Klein-man’s seminal essay on this topic (1997, p. 1), describes suffering as “a master subject of our mediatized times.” They write of the many victims of natural disasters, politi-cal conflicts, forced migrations, famines, substance abuse, the HIV pandemic, chronic illnesses, crimes, the many forms of world poverty. These and other images of suffering—“mediatized” suf-fering , as it is now called (Thompson 1995, Kleinman and Kleinman 1997, Wilkinson 2005)—is a special inter-est in this field. Media portrayals of human suffering and the interpreters of these images raise many concerns. For example, they express a fear that viewers of these images—ourselves—may be attracted to and/or corrupt-ed by these images. Closely related to this concern is a political concern that these mediatized images make us immune or desensitized to human suffering, that we are being corrupted by these images as they come to us via channels of news and entertainment; we “consume” these images as part of a host of other images entirely separate, like commercials for cars and pharmaceuticals, weather forecasts, and the nightly news (Thompson 1996: 226-227). This concern can be cast in the terms of Georg Simmel’s sociology namely, that these images lie “at a distance” from many of us who consume them, but we appropriate them as daily fare, they are “close to us,” routinely part of our everyday lives and consciousness. And in this dual relation—of distance and closeness—lies the moral and ethical dilemma. In the words of the Kleinmans (1997:2): “This globalization of suffering is one of the more trou-bling signs of the cultural transformations of the current era: troubling because experience is being used as a commodity, and through this cultural representation of suffering, experience is being remade, thinned out, and distorted.” This, they argue, raises related concerns and questions (p. 3): “To what uses are experiences of suffer-ing put? What are the consequences of those cultural practices for understanding and responding to human problems? And what are the more general implications of the cultural appropriations of suffering for human experi-ence, including human experiences of suffering?” But there are, I think, many objections to these concerns

about “mediatized suffering.” These objections derive from a more politically liberal ethos—and older one, per-haps, that belongs to the worlds of war correspondents from the Great War and World War II and from the imag-es and image-making of the Vietnam War era when the images, photos, and TV portrayals (during Vietnam) moved the public toward protest and political change. Then, to cite another example, the proliferation of memo-rials, in our time: these memorials have brought to the public mind and consciousness the realities of human suffering, sometimes truly grotesque suffering like those images and artifacts of death and destruction contained in Holocaust Museums. Where is the desensitization here? So, I would argue, the framing of the problem of mediatized images of suffering is difficult and, perhaps, not to be solved or reconciled at all, only partially grasped and understood. The field of the sociology of suffering includes many more and, also, broader concerns and issues than “mediatized suffering” that I raised here. Below is a se-lection of early works that have framed this new and ex-citing field. The article by Harvey (2012) includes a valu-able selection of sources. There will be a session on Suffering at the Eastern Soci-ological Society Meetings in Boston, March 21-24, 2013, at the Boston Park Plaza Hotel and Towers. The session organizer is Ara Francis, College of the Holy Cross [email protected] The session is scheduled for Sun-day, March 24 at 1:45 to 3:15 pm. For the program, www.ESSNET.ORG

References Bourdieu, Pierre. 1999. The Weight of the World: Social

Suffering in Contemporary Society. New York: Oxford University Press.

Daedalus. 1996. Social Suffering (Special Issue) Winter. Harvey, Daina Cheyenne. 2012. “A Quiet Suffering:

Some Notes on the Sociology of Suffering.” So-ciological Forum. Vol. 27, No.2: 527-34.

Ibrahim, Yasmin. 2010. “Distant Suffering and Postmod-ern Subjectivity: the Communal Politics of Pity.” Nebula.(June 2010): 122-35.

Kleinman, Arthur and Joan Kleinman. 1997. “The Appeal of Suffering; The Dismay of Images: Cultural Appropriations of Suffering in Our Times.” Pp. 1-23 in Social Suffering, edited by A. Kleinman, V. Das, and N. Lock. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Kleinman, Arthur, Veena Das, and Margaret Lock, eds. 1997. Social Suffering. Berkeley: University of California Press.

(Continued on page 8)

A New and Growing Field: The Sociology of Suffering E. Doyle McCarthy, Fordham University

Page 8: From the Chair’s Desk - American Sociological Association · Emotions Committees (2012-2013) Meeting Announcement The Society for the Study of Symbolic Interaction (SSSI) Annual

Spring 2013 8

Sociology of Emotions Newsletter

Sontag, Susan. 2003. Regarding the Pain of Others. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux.

Thompson, John B. 1995. The Media and Modernity. A Social Theory of the Media. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.

Wilkinson, Iain. 2005. Suffering. A Sociological Introduc-tion. Cambridge: Polity Press.

(Sociology of Suffering continued)

The ASA Section on Sociology of Emotions brings together social and behavioral scientists in or-der to promote the general development of the study of emotions through the of ideas, theory, re-search, and teaching. Scholars from a variety of backgrounds are members of this section, and col-lectively encourage the study of emotions in everyday social life. Substantive topics of investigation include: the expression and experience of emotions, emotions in social interaction, identity and emo-tions, emotions in historical perspective, the cross-cultural study of emotions, emotions and violence, and the traditions of theory and research in the area of emotions.

The website for the ASA Section on Emotions seeks to serve the needs of section members and the greater American Sociological Association community. There you will find information about the Section on Emotions, calls for papers, section awards, key publications in the area of emotions, and a link to the section newsletter. Please visit the website regularly for updates and feel free to contact the section chair, Kathryn Lively for questions, suggestions and comments. Enjoy!!

Congratulations Eiko Ikegami (New School for Social Research in NY) received an investigator award from Robert Wood John-son Foundation. Collaboration through Avatars: Disabil-ity, Medical Conditions and Community in Virtual Worlds of Second Life . This ethnographic study focuses on the self-explorations and associational activities of 3 dimen-sional virtual world users who effectively implement tech-nology to transform the isolation and marginalization of-ten experienced by people with disabilities.

Cain, Cindy L. 2012. “Integrating Dark Humor and Compassion:

Identities and Presentations of Self in the Front and Back

Regions of Hospice.” Journal of Contemporary Ethnogra-

phy 41(6):668-694.

Cain, Cindy L. 2012. “Emotions and the Research Interview:

What Hospice Workers Can Teach Us.” Health Sociology

Review 21(4):396-405.

Doan, Long. 2012. “A Social Model of Persistent Mood States.”

Social Psychology Quarterly 75(3): 198-218.

Hunt, Pamela. 2012. “Examining the Affective Meanings of In-

teraction Settings in the Jamband Music Subculture.” Jour-

nal of Professional and Public Sociology 4(1):Article 5.

Ikegami, Eiko. 2011. "Emotion", A Concise Companion to His-

tory edited by Ulinka Rublack Oxford, Oxford University

Press.

Ruiz-Junco, Natalia. 2013. “Feeling Social Movements: Theoreti-

cal Contributions to Social Movement Research on Emo-

tions.” Sociology Compass. 7:45-54.

Shank, Daniel B. 2013. “Are Computers Good or Bad for Busi-

ness? How Mediated Customer-Computer Interaction Alters

Emotion, Impressions, and Patronage toward Organizations.”

Computers in Human Behavior 29(3):715-725.

Stets, Jan. 2012. “Current Emotion Research in Sociology: Ad-

vances in the Discipline.” Emotion Review. 4(3): 326-334.

New Cites: Articles

REMEMBER TO RENEW YOUR MEMBERSHIP IN THE SOCIOLOGY OF EMOTIONS SECTION!

SUBMIT CONTENTS FOR THE SUMMER NEWSLETTER BY JUNE 15, 2013 TO DANIEL B. SHANK [email protected]