from nanson and croke, 1992. from everitt, b.l., 1968. use of cottonwood in an investigation of...
TRANSCRIPT
From Nanson and Croke, 1992
From Everitt, B.L., 1968. Use of cottonwood in an investigation of recent history of a flood plain. American Journal of Science 266:417-439.
Time (years)0
0 0
5
10
8
6
4
2
100 200 300
Elevation above Low Water(Little Missouri Curve)
Elevation in Feet(Woman-Leopold Curve)
Fig. 1.2, p. 22. Brown, A.G., 1997. Alluvial Geoarchaeology: Floodplain Archaeology and Environmental Change. Cambridge Manuals in Archaeology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
From Brown, A.G., 1997. Alluvial Geoarchaeology: Floodplain Archaeology and Environmental Change. Cambridge Manuals in Archaeology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, figure 1.1, pg. 18.
From Reineck and Singh, 1980
From Smith, N.D., Cross, T.A., Duficy, J.P., and Clough, S.R., 1989. Anatomy of an avulsion. Sedimentology 36: 1-23.
Cross Sections
Planform Geometry
1 2 3
Sand Body Wetland Sediments
flow
Erskine, W., Melville, M., Page, K.J., and Mowbray, P.D., 1982. Cutoff and oxbow lake. Australian Geographer 15:174-180.
Lacustrine Clay Channel Gravels
Silt & Clay InfillPeat or
Silty PeatSandy/siltinwashes
Point Bar
AB
Clay Plug
Oxbow Lakeor Swamp
Clay Plug
Distance
De
pth
A
B
Old Point-Bar
From Miller et al., 1998
From Miller et al., 1998
(A) Figure 5, page 269; (B) figure 6, page 269 in Leece, S.A., 1997. Spatial patterns of historical sedimentation and floodplain evolution, Blue River, Wisconsin, Geomorphology 18:265-277.
1
10
100
1000
10 100 1000 10,000
y = 9234 x-0.90
R2 = 0.30n = 41p = 0.001
Cross-Sectional Stream Power (W/m)
Site 24
Site 66
Site 59b
Pos
tse
ttlem
ent
Allu
viu
m (
m2)
A
B
1
10
100
1000
10 100 1000 10,000
y = 0.046 x1.40R2 = 0.57n = 41p = 0.001
Valley Width (m)
Post
settle
ment
Allu
viu
m (
m2)
Walling, D.E. and He, Q., 1998. The spatial variability of overbank sedimentation on river floodplains. Geomorphology 24:209-223, figure 3, p. 214.
From Shiono, K. and Knight, D.W., 1991. Turbulent open channel flows with variable depth across the channel. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 22:617-646 (and 231, 693).
Walling, D.E., He, Q., and Nicholas, A.P., 1996. Floodplains as suspended sediment sinks. In: M.G. Anderson, D.E. Walling, and P.D. Bates, Floodplain Processes, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, pp. 399-440, fig. 12.9b, p. 418.
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
300 20 40 60 80 100 120
Distance from Channel (m)
Per
cent
age
of P
artr
icle
s <
0.06
3 m
m (
%)
P = 70.4 + 13.3Z - 29.9e-Y/12
1.4 m
0.9 m0.3 m
1.0 - 1.6 m
0.5-1.0 m0.0-0.5 m
Water Depth
From Macklin, 1996
Pb and Zn concentrations in surficial and subsurface floodplain sediments from the River Derwent, Derbyshire, England (adapted from Bradley and Cox, 1990).
0
20
60
40
De
pth
(cm
)
0
20
60
40
De
pth
(cm
)0
0 500 Pb (mg/kg)
500 Zn (mg/kg)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1415 16
0
0
2
100 200 300 400 500
Distance across Floodplain (m)
Vertical Exaggeration x 25
Rel
ativ
e H
eigh
t (m
)
1
3 1
2
1615
143
4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1213
From Macklin, 1996
Extracted from figures 2a and 3 (page 683) in Harrison, J., Heijnis, H., and Caprarelli, G., 2003. Historical pollution variability from abandoned mine sites, Greater Blue Mountains World Heritage area, New South Wales, Australia. Environmental Geology 43:680-687.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0 50 100
Dep
th (
cm)
<63 um grain size andorganic matter (5)
a
0
10
20
30
40
50
Hg
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
pp
m)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Pe
rc
en
t <
63
um
050
100150
200250
300350
400450
500
Distance from Channel (m)
Hg Concentration% <63 um
Hg Concentrations in Overbank Deposits(CR-17)
Overbank Dep.in VegetatedAreas
Coarse GrainedOverbank Deposits
Fine GrainedOverbank Dep.
From Miller et al., 1999