friend or foe: identifying insect pests & biological controlsentlab/greenhouse ipm... · insect...
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![Page 1: Friend or Foe: Identifying Insect Pests & Biological Controlsentlab/Greenhouse IPM... · Insect Pests & Biological Controls Alan T. Eaton UNH Cooperative Extension. Most Common Greenhouse](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f72ca2401708372d63acd31/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Friend or Foe: Identifying
Insect Pests & Biological
Controls
Alan T. Eaton
UNH Cooperative Extension
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Most Common Greenhouse
Arthropod Pests & Beneficials:
Whiteflies
Aphids & pred. midge
Thrips
Mites
Fungus gnats
Shore flies
Parasitic Wasps
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Whiteflies
Eggs on leaf undersides,
spindle-shaped, tiny. Hatch 5-10days
Larvae on
undersides
of leaves,
abt 2 wks.
Pupae
1 weekEmpty pupal cases
stay on leaf, bright
white color.
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Two common species
in our greenhouses
Greenhouse WF, Sweet Potato WF
• Tricky to identify species without
good magnification & light
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These are mostly empty cases of
greenhouse whitefly.
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These are immatures and adults
of sweet potato whitefly.
![Page 7: Friend or Foe: Identifying Insect Pests & Biological Controlsentlab/Greenhouse IPM... · Insect Pests & Biological Controls Alan T. Eaton UNH Cooperative Extension. Most Common Greenhouse](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022042806/5f72ca2401708372d63acd31/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The black whitefly larvae
have been parasitized by
Encarsia formosa.
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Parasitic wasps have
narrow waists
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AphidsColor or presence/absence
of wings doesn’t confirm
identification!!
Piercing-sucking
Mouthparts!!
CorniclesPhoto: Purdue Univ.
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Aphids that are winged show:
1. few veins, many being parallel
2. large thick spot towards forewing tip
They often
give birth after getting stuck
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Telling aphid species apart requires looking
at the head, from above and slightly behind.
The shape of the “notch” is important.
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Green peach aphid
less important character:
• They tend to be high on plants, near the
growing tips
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Potato aphid
Less important
characters:
• Often a slightly dark line is visible down
the back.
• Various body colors: pink, yellow, green.
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Foxglove aphid
Less important
characters:
• Body is usually shiny.
• Often dark patches near base of cornicles.
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Foxglove aphid
Less important
characters:
• Body is usually shiny.
• Often dark patches near base of cornicles.
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Melon aphid
Less important
Characters:
• They tend to be towards plant interior, on
stems or flower buds.
• Cornicles are dark, although body could
be dark or light.
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Melon aphid: Many plants!
Green peach aphid: Many plants!
Potato aphid: Abutilon, carnation, cineraria,
lettuce, rose, tomato, tulip…
Foxglove aphid: Anemone, arum,
calceolaria, carnation, cineraria, dahlia,
geranium, gloxinia, lettuce, nasturtium…
Sage, Basil, Coleus, Snaps, Zinnia, Lettuce,
Ornamental pepper…
Cast skins are white, an obvious sign.
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These are aphid
parasites
Aphidius colemani
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Adult of aphid predator,
Aphioletes aphidimyza
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Photo: Roger Adams, U Conn.
Larva of aphid
predator,
Aphioletes aphidimyza
Yes, it is always
ORANGE
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Thrips• Tiny!
• Long, slender
• Dark eyes
• Short, straight antennae
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Specimens on sticky cards show
their fringe-like wings.
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Two spotted spider mite
Roughly oval. 2 spots! Tiny!
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Predator mites
• Often hard to identify
• Shape is important; pear, not oval
• Color is less reliable indicator
• Move fast
Photo courtesy of Rbt Hislop, U Mass
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Hypoaspis miles
photo by Jack
Kelly Clark
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TSSM on left, predator mite (Persimilis sp)
on the right (photo: Jack Kelly Clark)
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Long legs Fungus GnatsRel. thin body
No thread waist
Longish antennae
Y-shaped vein
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Larvae are in media and roots, and
boring in cuttings. They have whitish
or clear bodies, dark heads.
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Smoky wings with
light spots means
shore flies.
Shore Flies
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Larvae live in wet, slimy conditions
and feed on algae.
This is the tail end.
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The End