friday january 7 th using your prior knowledge of genetics, explain how two brown rabbits could have...
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Friday January 7th
Using your prior knowledge of genetics, explain how two brown
rabbits could have white offspring.
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Goal #1:GregorMendel
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I. Heredity = the passing of traits from parent to offspring
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A. Concepts of heredity 1. genes determine traits
2. genes are found on chromosomes 3. genes are made up of DNA 4. genes separate during meiosis
- each gamete receives
different genes (some from mom, some from dad)
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For Example:• You may have
attached earlobes• But your
brother/sister may have free earlobes
• This means the gene for earlobes took on one form of a trait for one of you and another form for your brother/sister.
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B. Alleles: different forms of a gene for a trait a. alleles separate into sex cells during meiosis b. can be dominant or recessive (A or a)
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C. Traits:characteristics that vary between individuals
What are some examples of traits?
ex: hair color, eye color, etc.
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D. Genetics: the study of how alleles affect generations of offspring
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II. Father of genetics: Gregor Mendel
A. History 1. He was a monk2. Experimented with pea plants
3.Died in 1884 with no recognition for his scientific discoveries.
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B. Mendel’s experiments 1.Mendel chose peas because they were easy to breed for pure traits.2. Purebreed (true-breed): organisms that always produce the same traits.
Ex: tall plants always
produce tall plants
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3. Self-pollination: taking pollen from the male reproductive structures (anthers) and placing it on the female reproductive structures (stigma) on the SAME plant– 1 parent:
offspring are identical to parent
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4. Cross-pollination: taking pollen from the male reproductive structures and placing it on the female reproductive structures on a DIFFERENT plant. – 2 parents – offspring not always
identical to parents– hybrids: crosses of different
parents that have different traits
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a. Mendel crossed a parent generation (P1), of a pure tall plant with a pure short plant. –offspring
called the first filial generation (F1)
–Results: ALL tall plants.
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b. Mendel then crossed these offspring (the 1st generation, the F1) of all tall plants and planted the seeds. – new offspring
called the second filial generation (F2),
– Results: 3 tall plants and 1 short plant (3:1)
How did this occur?
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C. Mendel’s Principle of Dominance
1. Dominance: form of a trait that masks another form of a trait –P 2. Recessive: form of a trait that is masked - p
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III. Probability: science that helps determine the chance that something will take place.a. multiple trials provide more accurate results. b. Scientific research is based on accurate, repeatable results.
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C#1: Gregor MendelConstruct a flowchart on Mendel’s Methods for breeding pea plants. Include as many vocab words as possible. Include P1 and F1 crosses and results 5
Create a diagram/picture on Mendel’s principles of dominance and segregation. Describe why it is important for alleles to segregate during gamete formation (meiosis).
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Create a collage comparing Mendel’s Laws. Use Goal #1 – be creative and use your own imagination
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11-1 Section Assessment – must be in complete sentences5
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