french upper air network design and implementation magali stoll head of upper air observing systems...

French Upper Air Network Design and Implementation

Magali STOLL

Head of Upper Air Observing Systems Department

Météo France – Direction of Observing Systems

TECO 2008

27 November 2008 TECO 2008 St Petersburg

2

Presentation

Study on the French Upper Air Network evolution

1. Context, domain, deliveries

2. Needs, offer, capacities

3. Main orientations Design and implementation of the French Upper Air Networks

1. Radiosondes

2. Water vapour by GPS

3. Aircraft observations

4. Ground remote sensing


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Prospective study on the evolution of the upper air observing network for the needs of Météo France (2005-2007)

Context– Increasing cost of the radiosounding network

– Strategy and objectives of Météo France for the next 5 to 10 years

– Eumetnet, Eumetsat, GMES, WMO programmes

Domain– Radiosondes and other upper air systems, complementary with satellites

Delivery– General requirements, classified at 3 levels : global, regional, national

– Analysis of the capacity for the current and future systems

– Evaluation of the total cost and constraints for the evolutions

– Main orientations for the next 10 years

– Objectives, planning and budget for 2008 to 2012


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Needs in upper air data

Update of the needs– Meteo France is concerned by the global, regional and local needs– Documents WMO, Eumetnet and Eumetsat give recommandations– A survey has been made inside Météo France to complete them

General needs– Permanent : climatology and forecasting – New : climate change, meso scale numerical models (Arome)– Future : physico chemical applications

Trends – Profiles more precise on the vertical with information on the horizontal

position– Wide range of spatial and temporal resolutions needs depending on the

applications– Less constraints on the horaries (4DVAR…)– Progress to do to access to the data, to use and to visualise them


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General requirements Global Régional National

Scale > 1000 km 100 à 1000 km < 100 km

Applications Climate and changes

Satellite calibration

Global NWP control

Global NWP assimilation

Regional NWP assimilation

Regional NWP control

Satellite control

Mesoscale NWP control Mesoscale NWP assimilation

Short terme forecasting

Nowcasting

Systems calibration

Users assistances

Profiles P, T, U, V + (O3) P, T, U, V P, T, U, V + hydrometeores

Height 30 km 20 km 10 km

Density 500 to 1000 km 50 to 500 km 10 to 50 km

Frequency 12 h to 24 h 3 h to 12 h 5’ to 3 h

Delivery 2 h to 1 month 1 to 2 h 15’ to 1 h


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Systems capacitiesGlobal Régional National Cost / profile

P, T, U , V : RS +++ ++ + - - -

V : profileur VHF + ++ + - -

V : profileur UHF + +++ -

T, U : radiometer + +++ -

V, T,(U) : lidar, sodar ++ - -

P, T, V (U, O3) : Aircraft

+ ++ +++ + ( - )

V : radars (Doppler) + +++ +

U : GPS (ZTD) + ++ + + +

T, U, (V) : satellite ++ ++ + To be evaluated


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French upper air network : Main Orientations Optimisation of the radiosounding network

– « Walls » of the composite upper air networks and satellites– To satisfy in priority the global needs, then the regional and at least the national ones – To adapt horaries, frequency and altitudes at the needs level– To automatize if necessary and possible

Extension of the upper air network with existing systems– To satisfy in prirority the national and regional needs– To valorize and enhance the systems and networks owned by partners– GPS : geography, Amdar : airlines, profilers : research, radars: hydrology

Experimentation of new or recent systems before deploiement– To cover in priority the local and meso scale applications– Ground remote sensing : lidar, sodar, radiometer, alone or colocated with profilers– Onboard aircraft sensors : T-AMDAR, WVSSII

Integration of environmental data into the global observing system– To cover in priority the global needs (GCOS)– Integration of RS ozones with RS (GRUAN)– Development of real time physico chemical aircraft measurements (IAGOS)


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Current French RS Network (22 stations)


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Optimisation of the French Territorial Radiosounding network

Main Objectives– Needs that could not be satisfied by other systems

– Reduction of the total cost, human and financial

– Automatisation when useful and possible

Re Design of the RS network : – Global : permanent

– Regional : to review in 10 years if other equivalent systems useful

– National : non permanent, to be replaced by other current systems

Implementation of the future RS network – Evaluation of the employment and cost impacts

– Feasibility study : technical, financial, human and users aspects

– Planification of the feasible implementation


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Current and designed radiosoundingsWMO region

Previous number of RS per day

Designed number of RS

per day

Previous targets (90%)

Designed Target (50%)

TRAPPES VI 2 2 23 km 30 km

NOUMEA V West 2 2 19 km 30 km

FAAA V East 2 2 19 km 30 km

KERGUELEN I 1 2 19 km 30 km

ROCHAMBEAU III 2 2 19 km 30 km

TERRE-ADELIE Antartic 1 2 19 km 30 km

Level Global 10 12BORDEAUX VI 2 2 23 km 20 km

AJACCIO VI 2 2 19 km 20 km

BREST VI 2 2 19 km 20 km

NIMES VI 2 2 19 km 20 km

ASFR1 (ASAP) VI 2 2 19 km 20 km

ASFR2 (ASAP) VI 2 2 19 km 20 km

ASFR3 (ASAP) VI 2 20 km

ASFR4 (ASAP) VI 2 20 km

LE RAIZET IV 2 1,5 19 km 20 km

TROMELIN . REUNION I 1 2 19 km 20 km

ATUONA V East 1 2 19 km 20 km

RIKITEA V East 1 2 19 km 20 km

Level Rgional 17 23,5LYON VI 2 0 19 km

NANCY VI 2 0 19 km

RAPA V East 1 0 19 km

TAKAROA V East 1 0 19 km

TUBUAI V East 1 0 19 km

AMSTERDAM I 1 0 19 km

TOTAL 35,0 35,5

Station


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RS evolution for 2009 to 2012

First optimisation of the radiosounding network – Terrestrial RS : progressive implementation of a V1 network

– Onboard ships RS : extension from 2 to 4 with compensation by EUCOS

– Ozone RS : qualification and integration of partners observations

– Adaptative RS : automatisation of a set of chosen stations

– Wind Pilots : study on the oversea territory network evolution


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Initial GPS network used for met applications

GPS stations in 2005


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Improvement of GPS data (V1)and extension of the network (V2)

Enhancement of GPS data : designed network V1– To satisfy in priority the numerical models at regional scale

– Delivery of data from 170 stations on France

– Avaibility of ZTD in less than 90’

– Frequency of measurements every 15’

– Implementation of quality management

– Integration into the E-GVAP Eumetnet program

Extension of GPS data : designed network V2– To satisfy the needs for mesosacle and nowcasting applications and to

cover the oversea territories

– Consolidation of the operations for the production of ZTD

– Production of IWV data and map


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Implementation of the V1 GPS French network

64 64 63 6569 69

81 81 81

94 97

112 114 115120 122

129

141 144 145 146

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

Juin 06

Juil 06

Aoû 06

Sep 06

Oct 06

Nov 06

Déc 06

Jan 07

Fév 07

Mars 07

Avr 07

Mai 07

Juin 07

Juil 07

Aoû 07

Sep 07

Oct 07

Nov 07

Déc 07

Jan 08

Fév 08

Number of stations Objectives


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GPS network V1 in 2008


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Amdar observations (7/11/08)


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Current AMDAR data


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Potential French AMDAR data


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Exemple of intensification in Germany


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Demonstration of physico chemical aircraft data IAGOS project


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Evolution of the aircraft data

Objectives– Intensify the frequency of profiles on the French continental domain– Develop the number of data on the oversea territories– Propose to evaluate the quality of humidity sensor– Contribute to standardize Amdar and integrate humidity on aircraft– Prepare the real time delivery of aircraft environemental data

Activities– International programs

• E-AMDAR for Eumetnet for the Eucos area• Australia and USA Amdar programs for oversea territories• AMDAR Panel for WMO coordination

– National capacity • Research aircraft (Safire)• Memeber of the IAGOS project


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Current Wind Profilers European Network


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Evolution of wind profilers

Objectives– Consolidate and valorize the existing systems, operational and research

– Focus on applications : numerical model, aeronautic, environment, forecasting, research field experiment

– Evaluate the using and the impact of the profilers

– Study the optimum localisation for the assimilation by the model

Planification– For 2009 - 2012 : V1 of a sparse network and evaluation

– For 2013 – 2016 : V2 of a meso scale network, if needed and useful


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Potential French Doppler Radar


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Objectives proposed for Doppler radars

Qualification of the measurements – Profiles et 3D winds

– Quality management to define and implement

Extension of the network– Delivery of data for 16 radars

– Integration into the Eumetnet Winprof II program

Evaluation of the data using– By numerical model

– By forecasters


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Evaluation of recent remote sensing systems

Lidar – experimentation for the wind shear in Nice airport

Sodar – experimentation for the fog detection in Roissy Airport

Radiometers– evaluation of Hu and T propfiles in Toulouse

Colocated systems– Retrieval of PTUV profiles in the troposphère

And also– Evaluaion by forecasters of IASI Profiles from METOP satellite

french upper air network design and implementation magali stoll head of upper air observing systems...

Documents

upper air systems

upper air dataupdate

composite upper air

needs of mto france

st petersburgoptimisation

st petersburgpresentationstudy

st petersburgneeds

radiosounding network