french revolution storyboard
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Section 2 Reign of Terror Chapter 18 Section 2 Reign of TerrorTRANSCRIPT
French Revolution Storyboard
Draw a picture representing each of the scenarios given. Box 1:
Estates-General Meeting Box 2: Tennis Court Oath Box 3: Storming
the Bastille Box 4: Ending special privileges for the 1st and 2nd
estate Box 5: Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
Section 2 Reign of Terror
Chapter 18 Section 2 Reign of Terror Review Last time we met we
talked about the causes and the events of the French
Revolution.When we left off the king had officially accepted the
National Assembly. In all, the French Revolution was proving to be
a success. Great Fear Rebellion spread from Paris into the
countryside.
A wave of senseless panic called the Great Fear spread through
France. Peasants began to turn into outlaws They broke into nobles
manor houses looking for old legal papers that bound them to pay
feudal dues In some cases, they burned the manor houses Reform The
newly formed national assembly set themselves up with a separation
of powers and the government had been officially changed by the
people. For two years the National Assembly argued over a new
constitution for France. Natl Assembly created a limited
constitutional monarchy. Legislative Assembly - had the power to
create laws and to approve or prevent any war the king declared on
other nations. Despite the new government, old problems such as
food shortages and government debt remained. So what happened to
the King??? What Happened to Louis? Louis sent into exile. Then
escaped.
In the spring of 1792, Prussian and Austrian armies invade France
and try to restore the Monarchy. The French people now had to
protect their own country. Patriotic citizens then drove the
Austrians/Prussians out of France. Exile?? Louis was not alone
Maria Antoinette got the cut as well. Jacobins During the chaotic
summer of 1792, both men and women joined political groups. Most
radical group was the Jacobins. They wanted to remove the king and
establish a republic. Reduced Louis XVIs role to that of a common
citizen and prisoner. Then, guided by radical Jacobins they tried
Louis for treason and found him guilty. Sentenced him to death. On
Jan. 21, 1793 the ex-king was beheaded by a machine called the
Guillotine. One of the first persons to be executed by the
Guillotine. Guillotine Thousands died by the Guillotine during the
French Revolution. Dr. Joseph Guillotine proposed a machine that
satisfied many needs: It was efficient, humane and democratic.
Prior to the Guillotines introduction French criminals had suffered
through horrible punishments. Burning, strangulation, hanging,
dismemberment, beheading, being pulled apart by horses. Made a
public spectacle to help deter criminal behavior. Helped keep
restless armed mobs from attacking the government. Arming the Army
The new republics first problem was the continuing war with Austria
and Prussia. Other European countries joined and with so many
enemies France suffered a string of defeats. The French took
extreme steps to meet the new danger. Instituted a draft Eventually
grew to a force of 800,000 citizen-soldiers This citizen-army was
eventually led by Maximilien Robespierre. Robespierre and his
supporters tried to wipe out every trace of Frances past monarchy
and nobility. Committee for Public Safety
Under the command of Robespierre the Committee for Public Safety
was formed. Main task of the Committee was to protect the
revolution from its enemies The Committee for Public Safety and
Robespierre put many men who had led the revolution to death. Who
do you think these enemies were? These enemies were most often
radicals that challenged his leadership. Reign of Terror Between
the Robespierre governed France as a dictator which became known as
The Reign of Terror. Historians believe as many as 40,000 people
were executed. This included anyone thought to be loyal to the King
or anyone that could be a problem for Robespierre. No Rhyme or
Reason Often times there was no rhyme or reason to the executions.
The terror claimed not only the famous, such as Marie Antoinette,
but thousands of unknown people (many of which were from the former
3rd Estate). Many fellow revolutionaries that challenged
Robespierres leadership became victims. What do you think is ironic
about the 3rd Estate being sent to death during the reign of
terror? The only crimes that the fellow revolutionaries committed
was being less radical than Robespierre + = Example of the
Terror
An 18 year old youth was sentenced to die for cutting down a tree
that had been planted as a symbol of liberty. + Just think if a
young man is being put to death for merely cutting down a tree.just
what other things were individuals being executed for? = An End to
the Terror In July 1794, members of the National Convention turned
on Robespierre. They began to fear for their own safety. They
demanded his arrest and execution. The terror ended on July 25,
1794. Robespierre, the revolutions last powerful leader, was
executed by way of guillotine. The national convention turned on
Robespierre because they began to fear for their own safety. The
Aftermath After the execution of Robespierre and the end of the
terror, public opinion in France shifted dramatically to the right
(conservative). People were sick of the terror and the sky
rocketing prices for bread, salt and other necessities of life.
Introducing the Directory
In 1795, The National Convention drafted a new constitution. The
new plan: Put power in the hands of the upper middle class
(bourgeoisie). Created a two-house legislature Formed an executive
body of five men known as the directory. What is the bourgeoisie
again? Success of the Directory
Gave France a period of order. Directory found a new general to
command the army (Napoleon Bonaparte). Robespierre Justified?
1. Was Robespierre justified in killing thousands of people during
the Reign of Terror? Why or why not? (Give 2 reasons minimum) 2.
What would you have done if you were the head of the Committee of
Public Safety about the enemies of the Revolution?