French case studies

Suzanne REYNDERS, INRA, Senior Advisor Public Private PartnershipDirection Scientifique Environnement

REYNDERS Suzanne suzanne.reynders@inra.fr Tokyo, November 6th 2019

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SOMMAIRE

NOM DE L’AUTEUR / NOM DE LA PRESENTATION JOUR / MOIS / ANNEE

Agrisource : Open Innovation Platform for Climate Smart

Agriculture

Scaling adaptation to CC across the wine industry

Safy-CO2 Tool for scaling up soil carbon sequestration in

croplands

A scientific network in west Africa for scaling up climate smart

practices

Scaling up manure production in dry regions

www.agrisource.orgJean-Baptiste Laurent CIRAD, Marc Nougier, Monique Varlet, Suzanne Reynders INRA

Suzanne.Reynders@inra.fr

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CSA booster, a european networkof public and private players, launched theplatform for• Disseminating knowledge and solutions• Referencing all types of players and projects

in a common platform• Encouraging new collaborations between

those players

A search engine

Many projects, initiatives and trials are conducted on CSA practices but access to information appears as a key feature for successful transitions.

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Relational Mapping

A description of the innovation

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Relational Mapping

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• Agrisource is open to all contributions• Agrisource’s purpose is

• to disseminate innovations and • to enable exchanges between all

types of players• to foster scaling up innovation

www.agrisource.org

as a network of Agrisource community platforms

Content

Opensource implementations

Agrisource for vine and Wine

Touzard J.-M., Ollat N., Reynders S.

Jean-Marc.Touzard@inra.fr

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Adaptation to climate change across the wine industry

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LACCAVE project (2012-2020) (N. Ollat, J.-M.Touzard) - Impacts of climate change on vine and wine- solutions for adaptation in the wine industry

25 Research Units (INRA / CNRS / Universities) 95 researchers and studentsPartnership of wine organisations (INAO, FranceAgrimer...)

UMR Geolab U. LimogesCRC U. Bourgogne

ClimatologyGeneticEcophysiologyAgronomySoil Sciences OnologyGeographyEconomicsSociology

UMR Citeres U. Tours

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All development stages of vineare affected: earlier harvest

Water balance and stress affect yield and quality

Change in berry compositionMore sugar, less acidityModification of aromas

Evolution of potentialplanting areas

Economic impactsIncomes, assets, competitivness

Perception of actorsTensions on GI labels

Analysing the impacts of climate change

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Testing new and old varietiesresistant to drought, deseases

and heat, with less sugar…

Changing viticultural practices Pruning, soil management, irrigation

digital viticulture, agroecology

Enological innovationsTo control acidity, alcohol,

temperatue, yeast

Simulation toolsto optimize the location of vine

Participatory approachTo change Code of practices,

develop insurance, R&D policy

Experimental economicsTo assess the acceptance of future wines by consumers

Designing innovations and solutions for adaptation

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Developing collaborative initiatives to facilitate adoption of solutions accross the wine industry

Prospective workshops with 550 stakeholders in seven wine regions

Four scenarios, 2600 proposals of action

Co-design of solutions for adaptation at local scale

Climate Hackhaton in a wine village

Co-construction of the national climate plan for the wine industry

On the basis of the 2600 proposals of action

Sharing the lessons at international scaleInt. Org. of Vine & Wine (OIV), MEDCLIV…

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Key message from LACCAVE and the wine industry

Solutions for adaptation are available in all (wine) regions by combining different innovations… but under two main conditions :- Stabilization of the climate before the end of the XXI century (COP21 scenario) - New collaborative ways of innovation, involving the research institutes

SAFY-CO2 Tool for scaling up soil carbon sequestration in croplands E. Ceschia12, G. Pique1, R. Fieuzal1, A. Albitar1, T. Wijmer1, L. Arnaud1

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.015eric.ceschia@cesbio.cnes.fr

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Development and implementation of a Carbon budget and

multicriteria (biomass, water balance, water use efficiency) monitoring tool

5 partners in South West France (2 academic & 3 private sector)

Design and follow-up of new agro-ecological practices combining remote sensing and digital technology,

transferable to other output sectors

Development and implementation of new production processes

and product formulations

Development of digital decision support tools for farmers and management of field-to-bag traceability

Development of agro-ecological solutions for

popcorn maize

THE « NATURELLEMENT POPCORN » PROJECT

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To develop agroecological solutions based on remote sensing monitoring (plot scale over a large territory)

Improve the composition and quality of popcorn produced and distributed through the use of natural products

Ensure traceability by digital means (Blockchain) and develop an operational tool to monitor soil C storage ( and pay the farmers accordingly)

Reduce the inputs (fertilisers & pesticides), restore arable lands and capture atmosphericCO2 by using cover crops

Work for a quality popcorn line, high-end, traced and

enhancing each component

Start01/09/2019

End31/08/2025

72 month

4 key steps

Project Naturally Popcorn

Pay the farmers for the amount of C they store in

the soil (75 euros/t C)

THE « NATURELLEMENT POPCORN » PROJECT

AMBITION OVER THE NEXT 6 YEARS

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NATAÏS WORKS WITH 250 FARMERS LOCATED IN

SOUTH WEST FRANCE

OrganicConventionnal

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Growing cover crops during the fallow period and burrying them isthe most efficient way to store C in the soil in France according toPellerin et al. (2019)1

HOW TO RESTORE SOIL AND CAPTURE ATMOSPHERIC CO2 ?

1 : http://institut.inra.fr/Missions/Eclairer-les-decisions/Etudes/Toutes-les-actualites/Stocker-4-pour-1000-de-carbone-dans-les-sols-francais#

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HOW TO CALCULATE SOIL C BUDGETS / EFFECTS OF

COVER CROPS AT PLOT SCALE OVER LARGE AREAS ?SAFY CO2 TOOL

Biomass,Yield,

CO2 fluxes+

C budgets

Validation par stations de mesures des flux du

Sentinel 2

SAFY-CO2(Veloso, 2014)

Pique et al. (submitted) Validation with farmers &

regional stat. for yield8 km

Crop param

International flux stations networks

Leaf Area IndexCrop maps

Soil data

Climatic data

Calibration of phenological & photosynthetic efficiency parameters

T C/ha

No need for fieldmanagement data easy to upcale

Combining highresolution remotesensing data and a simple crop model

The model is forcedto reproduce whatthe satellite « sees »

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This method could be applied for MRV approaches(European H2020 NIVA project)

EXAMPLE OF OUTPUTS FOR WINTER WHEAT

2006 2007 2010 2011

Yield

Net CO2fluxes

C budgets

A scientific network in West Africa to co-design climate smart practicesA case study on optimized manuremanagement in Burkina FassoE Vall, M Blanchard, N Andrieu, M Koutou, I Bayala, S Mathé, D Berre, M Havard

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eric.vall@cirad.frmelanie.blanchard@cirad.fr

Adaptation, Climate change,

Vulnerability/ResiliencyPastoral systems

Dry areas

Ecological intensification

Innovation,Landscape,

Agro-pastoral systems,

Sub-humid areas

Pests management, Ecological

intensificationLandscape

Climate changeRegulation services

Food security indicators

Agricultural public policies

PPZS : Pastoralismand drylands in West Africa (Sénégal)

DIVECOSYS : Design of agro-ecological systems based on pest management and organic waste use in West Africa (Sénégal, Bénin, Mali)

ASAP: Ecological intensification and co-design innovative agro-sylvo-pastoral farming systemsin West Africa (Burkina Faso, Mali, Côte d’Ivoire, Bénin)

ISA : Food securityinformation (Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, Sénégal)

Plant improvement, Genetic analysis,

Innovation management and

varieties’ adoption

IAVAO: Innovation and plant breedingin West Africa (Sénégal, Burkina, Mali, Niger)

Partnership network in West -Africa

Partnership network in WA: focus on ASAP

Created in 2009, Bobo-Dioulasso, agreement signed in 2010, renewed in november 2015 Regional dimension (Sub-humid areas)

MaliBurkina Faso

Côte d’Ivoire

Bénin

ASAP intervention domain

7 partners: France (CIRAD) Burkina Faso (INERA, UNB/IDR) Mali (IER) Côte d’Ivoire (UPGC) - 2015 - Bénin (INRAB) -2018 West Africa (CIRDES)

About 40 teachers/researcher≈ 10 PhD students /yr, >30 Masters’ interns Other connection with external partners(University in Europe, CGIARS, etc.)

Team 1. Support Stakeholders in agroecological transition

Team 2. Biogeochemical nutrient cycles assessment, quantitative assessment of added value of agroecological practices

Team 3. Co-design innovative agroecological systems

Guidelines on experimental

trials

Guidelines on co-design methods

Participatory approach

Best knowledge on stakeholders’

perception

Tailoring innovation on stakeholders’ need

An innovative way to produce manure in labour and rain scarce environment

A “success story of ASAP partners’ network”

Main purpose in co-designing an innovative way to produce manure In western Burkina Faso On-farm manure production is limited to the edges

of houses and cattle pens. Increase of land pressure and soil fertility renewal

→ increase the quantity produced Remoteness of fields → transport constraints Large proportion of crop residues and animal

faeces lost → raw material Increase the quantities produced, using the

resources available in labour and rain scarce environment

Description of the innovative way of manure production

Establishing pits into the fields, (limit transport of crop residues)

Composting cotton stems, usually burnt, with animal faeces (80% stems, 20% faeces)

Start production at the beginning of the rainy season

Harvest the manure 1 year later Limit human intervention (no

hashing, no watering, no turning).

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IRAD

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IRAD

Design and sharing of the innovation Co-design “step by step” is based on a formalized

partnership between producers, stakeholders and researchers.

1. Initial diagnosis (baseline study)

Problem → Diagnosis → Commitment

2. Design of solutions in partnership

Experiments ← Realizable ← Possible solution

3. Assessment of impacts and outcomes

Outputs, Outcomes, Impacts

Farmers &farmers organisation

Research institutes

Extension services & others stakeholders

Formalized partnership

Benefit for farmers and social, environmental and economic impacts Acquisition of knowledge Scaling up and out after the cessation

of research Increase in manure production (7t/farm)

Increase in maize yields (786kg/ha) Soil fertility was enhanced (677kg/ha

manure dose increases applied on fields) Farm income benefits from the best

yields and inputs saved (76USD/ha for cotton)

Thanks to the networks established during the co-design phase, impacts increased among farmers who did not directly participate in the co-design process

End of the intervention

Key role of research institutes To design suitable innovations and facilitate adoption To share lessons learned Partnership formalization among farmers,

stakeholders, and researchers Long term research to co-design of innovation and

accompany the agro ecological transition by changing farmers practices and producing lasting impacts for the experimenters and beyond, via the networks created

MAIN CONCLUSIONS on the role of Research Institutes

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in identifying and designing suitable measures/policies/schemes to facilitate adoption and dissemination of new technologies/practices?

Key role of research institutes

• Agrisource uses internet for scaling up innovation and facilitating networking Research institutes (INRA, CIRAD and other partners) create a new space for

innovation sharing

• Wine industry is at risk with Climate Change. Laccave tackles the problem with a participatory approach for identifying solutions and promoting them

Research institute has initiated a codesign programm from the wineyard to the winery

• Soil carbon sequestration is a major opportunity to combat CC Research is removing barriers by developing soil carbon monitoring tools and developing schemes for farmers incentives

• West African agriculture is at risk with CC Both African and French research institutes design suitable innovations and facilitate adoption and share lessons learned in order to scale up best practices

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In sharing lessons learned among different countries and regions?Key role of research institutes

• Agrisource as a tool for scaling up innovation and facilitating networking INRA and CIRAD have developed a decicated Vine and Wine Agrisource for the

Mediterranean network MEDCLIV and other community platforms are in preparation

• Wine industry is at risk with Climate Change. INRA has initiated a program at Mediterranean level to share and scale out the

lessons learned in the LACCAVE project : the MEDCLIV project

• Soil carbon sequestration is a major opportunity to combat CC INRA and Climate KIC have launched a European program on Soil Carbon Farming and

identify other useful cases around Europe in order to remove technical and business model barriers

• Southern agriculture is at risk with CC CIRAD, African and southern countries research institutes have developed different DP (Platforms in partnership for research and Training) throughout the world

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Thank you for your attentionFor any questions :

suzanne.reynders@inra.fr

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From 1rst January 2020

becomes

Suzanne.Reynders@inra.fr